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The objective of this study was to conduct a critical analysis of the social, environmental and health risk factors in the Mexican indigenous population in the context of the COVID-19 disease pandemic, and to propose strategies to mitigate the impacts on these communities. Regarding social factors, we identified the return of indigenous people to their communities, poor access to water, language barriers, and limited access to the Internet, as factors that will not allow them to take the minimum preventive measures against the disease. Additionally, environmental risk factors associated with pollutants from biomass burning were identified. In health, the lack of coverage in these areas and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory tract infections, and chronic pulmonary diseases were identified. Some existing government programmes were identified that could be supported to address these social, environmental and health gaps. We believe that the best way to address these issues is to strengthen the health system with a community-based approach. Health is the best element of cohesion for inserting development and progress proposals in indigenous communities, given the vulnerability to which they are exposed in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, all information is provided (as possible) on risk factors and potential solutions in indigenous communities in the hope of providing solutions to this pandemic and providing a reference for future studies.

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Local rural and indigenous communities have assumed increasing responsibility for conservation within and between areas buffering the impacts of agricultural or resource-extraction zones and protected areas. Empowering local communities as central partners in conservation and climate-change mitigation has allowed many people to gain access to land and citizenship rights but has provided limited improvements in access to social services and economic opportunities even as expectation about their role as environmental stewards grows. These expectations, however, are inconsistent with reality. We conducted multiple field studies in Brazil since the mid-1980s to illustrate the discrepancies between conservation programs and local conditions and expectations. We suggest that public policies and conservation programs should not delegate responsibility for managing protected areas to local and indigenous communities without considering local needs and expectations and locals' attitudes toward conservation. In other words, behavior that maintains or improves the environment should not be treated as traditional based on the expectations of outsiders. Framing local populations as traditional environmentalists creates contradictions and frustrations for local populations and for conservation professionals and policy makers.

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Este artigo estuda os interesses da Geração Y e sua influência nos jovensaplicantes ou interessados na técnica de inversão existencial. A metodologiautilizada foi o levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre a Geração Y,os interesses dos jovens dessa geração e o maxiplanejamento invexológico.O objetivo é demonstrar como o maxiplanejamento invexológico, ferramentada técnica da invéxis, pode auxiliar na superação dos microinteressese instalação de interesses prioritários e sadios para a evolução, os megainteresses,conforme a maturidade do jovem. Conclui-se que um maxiplanejamentobem elaborado e aplicado contribui para a evitação gradual e definitivados microinteresses e desenvolvimento dos megainteresses à medida que aumenta a lucidez sobre o megafoco da proéxis(AU)

This article studies the Generation Y's interests and its influence in theyouth applicants or interested parties in the technique of existential inversion.The used methodology was the bibliographical and documental collectionof facts on the Generation Y, the youths of that generation interests andthe existential-inversionlogic max-planning. The objective is to demonstratehow the existential-invertionologic max-planning, tool of the existential inversiontechnique, can aid in the surpassing of the micro-interests and theinstallation of priority and healthy interests for the evolution, the mega-interests,according to the maturity of the youth. It is concluded that a max-planningwell elaborated and applied contributes to the gradual and definitiveavoidance of the micro-interests and development of the mega-interests as itincreases the lucidity on the mega-focus of the existential program(AU)

Este artículo estudia los intereses de la Generación y su influencia en losjovenes aplicantes o interessados en la técnica de inversión existencial.La metodología utilizada fue el inventario bibliográfico y documental sobre laGeneración y, los intereses de los jóvenes de esa generación y el maxiplaneamientoinvexológico. El objetivo es demostrar como el maxiplaneamientoinvexológico, herramienta de la técnica de la invexis, puede auxiliar en lasuperación de los microintereses e instalación de intereses prioritariosy sanos para la evolución, los megaintereses, conforme la maduridad del joven.Se concluye que un maxiplaneamiento bien elaborado y aplicado contribuyepara la evitación gradual y definitiva de los microintereses y desenvolvimientode los megaintereses a la medida que aumenta la lucidez sobreel megafoco de la proexis(AU)

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Resumo O artigo apresenta uma reflexão a respeito da psicologia socioambiental como uma psicologia social que busca articular psicologia, educação e ambiente. Neste sentido, propõe-se um tipo de intervenção socioambiental pensada como uma estratégia original e inovativa de educação transformadora, cujas influências pedagógicas transcenderiam o campo socioambiental ao qual se direciona, reverberando seus efeitos para além de suas fronteiras. Buscase, com esta reflexão, recuperar o pensamento (próximo do da Escola de Frankfurt) de Kurt Lewin, transpondo suas preconizações para o mundo contemporâneo. Assim, a intervenção socioambiental proposta consistiria em esboço de um método de reconstrução cultural do presente na direção de um futuro utópico, em compromisso com a democracia e a emancipação, um caminho para uma verdadeira revolução pacífica.

Abstract The paper presents a reflexion about the social-environmental psychology as a social psychology that aims to articulate psychology, education and environment. It is proposed a type of social-environmental intervention thought as an original and innovative strategy, whose pedagogical influences would transcend the social-environmental field to which is directed, reverberating its effects to beyond its boundaries. We search, with this reflexion, to recover the thought (near the Frankfurt School) of Kurt Lewin, transposing its postulations to the contemporary world. Thus, the proposed social-environmental intervention would consist in a draft of a cultural reconstruction method of the present in the direction of a utopian future, committed with the democracy and emancipation, a way to a true pacific revolution.

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As dificuldades apresentadas com o avanço da idade trazem reflexos na manipulação do ambiente, especialmente no domicílio. Os cuidados com a avaliação ambiental são requisitos importantes, porém ainda existem poucas escalas a serem utilizadas no Brasil. O objetivo do trabalho foi elaborar um checklist para avaliar condições espaciais da residência de idosos. O instrumento, elaborado em duas partes, foi testado na residência de 12 idosos, com idade entre 60 e 75 anos, sendo verificadas dificuldades no preenchimento e necessidade de ajustes. O referencial teórico da primeira parte foram os parâmetros da Norma Brasileira de Acessibilidade NBR 9050 (ABNT, 2004), e da segunda parte o questionário adaptado por Ferrer et al. (2004) e as medidas da posição sentada descritas por Chaffin, Anderson e Martin (2001). Os resultados apontam que a versão final do checklist possibilita uma investigação sintética e de fácil preenchimento, que contém dados gerais sobre o ambiente físico (primeira parte) e informações sobre mobiliários e medidas antropométricas do idoso (segunda parte). Além de contemplar temas relevantes, apresenta critérios reconhecidos em acessibilidade, tornando-se uma ferramenta para os profissionais avaliarem aspectos que envolvem segurança e funcionalidade na residência, bem como para direcionar as ações de adequação ambiental.

Difficulties with advancing age brings reflections on the manipulation of the environment, especially at home. The care of the environmental assessment requirements are important, but there are still a few scales to be used in Brazil. The objective was to develop a checklist to assess spatial conditions of residence for the elderly. The instrument, made in two parts, was tested at the residence of 12 elderly aged 60 and 75 years, and noted difficulties in filling the need for adjustments. The theoretical part of the fi rst were the parameters of the Brazilian Accessibility NBR 9050 (ABNT, 2004), and the second part of the questionnaire adapted by Ferrer et al. (2004) and measures the sitting position described by Chaffin, Anderson and Martin (2001). The results indicate that the final version of the checklist provides a summary investigation and easy filling, which contains general data about the physical environment (first part) and information about securities and anthropometric measurements of the elderly (second part). Besides viewing relevant topics, presents recognized criteria for accessibility, making it a tool for professionals assess aspects involving safety and functionality in residence, and to direct the actions of environmental adaptation.

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