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Abstract Chronic ulcers significantly affect the quality of life of patients and impose a high cost on the healthcare system. The therapeutic management should be comprehensive, taking into consideration the etiological diagnosis of the wound and the characteristics of the wound bed when deciding on a therapeutic proposal appropriate to the healing phase, correcting factors that delay healing. During the epithelialization phase, repair techniques with grafts are recommended to shorten re-epithelialization time, improve the quality of scar tissue, and achieve adequate pain management. Currently, due to the reported benefits of skin appendages, the technique of follicular unit auto-grafting obtained with a scalp punch is among the chosen strategies for wound repair. This is a minimally invasive, outpatient practice, whose technique has advantages over the donor site, patients recovery and well-being.
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Chronic ulcers significantly affect the quality of life of patients and impose a high cost on the healthcare system. The therapeutic management should be comprehensive, taking into consideration the etiological diagnosis of the wound and the characteristics of the wound bed when deciding on a therapeutic proposal appropriate to the healing phase, correcting factors that delay healing. During the epithelialization phase, repair techniques with grafts are recommended to shorten re-epithelialization time, improve the quality of scar tissue, and achieve adequate pain management. Currently, due to the reported benefits of skin appendages, the technique of follicular unit auto-grafting obtained with a scalp punch is among the chosen strategies for wound repair. This is a minimally invasive, outpatient practice, whose technique has advantages over the donor site, patients recovery and well-being.
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Cicatrização , Humanos , Doença Crônica , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Folículo Piloso/transplante , Transplante Autólogo , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Úlcera Cutânea/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Qualidade de VidaRESUMO
Infrared thermography (IRT) is a technique that indirectly assesses peripheral blood circulation and its resulting amount of radiated heat. Due to these properties, thermal imaging is currently applied in human medicine to noninvasively evaluate peripheral vascular disorders such as thrombosis, thromboembolisms, and other ischemic processes. Moreover, tissular damage (e.g., burn injuries) also causes microvasculature compromise. Therefore, thermography can be applied to determine the degree of damage according to the viability of tissues and blood vessels, and it can also be used as a technique to monitor skin transplant procedures such as grafting and free flaps. The present review aims to summarize and analyze the application of IRT in veterinary medicine as a method to indirectly assess peripheral vascular integrity and its relation to the amount of radiated heat and as a diagnostic technique for tissue viability, degree of damage, and wound care.
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Introdução: Enxertos de pele autólogos são utilizados em tratamento de pacientes queimados. Esses enxertos podem ser armazenados e preservados, desde que o processo de armazenamento seja realizado com rígido controle de qualidade, para garantir a redução dos riscos de infecção. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte retrospectivo na Unidade de Queimados do Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo no período de fevereiro de 2015 a julho de 2016, em que foi estabelecido um protocolo para armazenamento de pele refrigerada com controle de coleta, preservação, embalagem e registro de todos os processos. Para garantia de qualidade, foram coletadas biópsias dos enxertos para microbiologia pré e pós-armazenamento e realizado um estudo transversal de prevalência de contaminação pré e pós-estocagem. Resultados: Os pontos críticos encontrados foram inadequação de embalagem, ausência de registros de processos, falta de coleta de biópsias para microbiologia e falhas no descarte. A maior parte das amostras estava contaminada tanto pré como pós-estocagem (84,2%). Apenas dois pacientes apresentaram microbiologia estéril no pré e contaminada no pós, porém foram encontrados germes da pele do tipo gram+. Conclusão: Foi estabelecido um método promissor de armazenamento de pele refrigerada que necessita alguns pequenos ajustes para adequação ao controle de qualidade.
Introduction: Autologous skin grafts are used for treatment of burn patients. These grafts can be stored and preserved, as long as the storage process is performed with strict quality control to reduce the risk of infection. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Burn Unit of the Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo from February 2015 to July 2016. During this period, a protocol was established to store refrigerated skin, with control of collection, preservation, and packaging, and recording of all processes. To ensure quality, graft biopsies were collected for pre- and poststorage microbiology testing and a cross-sectional study for contamination was performed. Results: Critical deficiencies included inadequate packaging, lack of processing records, lack of biopsies for microbiology testing, and failure to discard specimens. Most of the samples were contaminated before and after storage (84.2%). Only two samples were sterile before storage but became contaminated after storage, with growth of Gram-positive skin bacteria. Conclusion: A promising method for the storage of refrigerated skin was established, but requires minor adjustments in quality control.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , História do Século XXI , Controle de Qualidade , Refrigeração , Preservação de Tecido , Transplante Autólogo , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transplante de Pele , Refrigeração/métodos , Preservação de Tecido/métodos , Transplante Autólogo/legislação & jurisprudência , Transplante Autólogo/métodos , Transplante de Pele/legislação & jurisprudência , Transplante de Pele/métodosRESUMO
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory disease affecting skin that bears apocrine glands. It is characterised by the presence of tender subcutaneous nodules that may rupture, resulting in deep dermal abscesses, fibrosis with dermal contractures and induration of the skin. The management of HS is a challenge for physicians as the pathogenesis is not clearly defined and prevents the use and development of directed therapies. Treatment options are oral agents (antibiotics, immunomodulators) and surgical excision. Historically, surgical management has been complicated by difficult closure and high recurrent rates. In the last 10 years, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has proven to be a great adjunct for wound management as it provides the adequate conditions for wound healing, promotes granulation and helps to control infection. Here, we report a case of severe perineal HS treated with radical excision and NPWT as an adjunct. The patient only had a recurrence 3 years after primary treatment and was surgically treated for cosmetic reasons without any complications. Finally, we present a review of the relevant literature.
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Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Hidradenite Supurativa/cirurgia , Hidradenite Supurativa/terapia , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa/métodos , Ferida Cirúrgica/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Hidradenite Supurativa/diagnóstico , Hidradenite Supurativa/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento da sobrevida na fase aguda do paciente grande queimado faz também aumentar a prevalência das sequelas cicatriciais estético-funcionais. Ao pensarmos na relevância clínica da lipoenxertia subcicatricial, necessita-se da compreensão e avaliação microscópica das reais alterações após o procedimento. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados oito pacientes, vítimas de queimadura por álcool, com tempo médio após queimadura de 12 meses (10-14 meses), sendo submetidos à lipoenxertia subcicatricial associada à Rigottomy. Foram realizadas biópsias cutâneas no pré e pós-operatório tardio com 14 semanas. Avaliados os quesitos: 1 - Melhora estético funcional da cicatriz pela escala de Vancouver; 2 - Análise quantitativa e qualitativa do colágeno cicatricial; 3 -Análise imunohistoquímica da vascularização cicatricial com anti-fator de crescimento derivado do endotélio vascular (antiVEGE). RESULTADOS: Ao compararmos o período pré e pós-lipoenxertia, pôde-se avaliar que houve melhora estético-funcional significativa e, microscopicamente, redefinição entre os limites da derme papilar e reticular; redução quantitativa e reorganização do colágeno, além do decréscimo da vascularização tecidual pela análise imunohistoquímica. CONCLUSÃO: O princípio básico de todo processo cicatricial fisiológico é reestabelecer a homeostasia local, ou seja, as etapas exageradamente intensificadas levam a alterações clínicas catastróficas. Ao realizar a lipoenxertia subcicatricial associada à Rigotomia, foi verificada, neste estudo, a melhora qualitativa e quantitativa do tecido. Sendo assim, torna-se evidente o futuro promissor deste procedimento para a complementação terapêutica das patologias cicatriciais.
INTRODUCTION: The increase in survival of large burn patients during the acute phase has also increased the prevalence of esthetic-functional scarring sequelae. With regard to the clinical relevance of subcicatricial fat grafting, the actual changes after the procedure need to be understood and microscopically evaluated. METHODS: Eight patients with alcohol burns, with an average time after burn of 12 months (10-14 months), who underwent subcicatricial fat grafting associated with rigotomy were selected. Skin biopsies were performed in before and 14 weeks after operation. The following issues were assessed: 1) esthetic-functional improvement of the scar, by using the Vancouver scar scale; 2) quantitative and qualitative analyses of cicatricial collagen; 3) immunohistochemical analysis of scar vascularization with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) antibody. RESULTS: When comparing the pre- and post-fat grafting period, a significant esthetic-functional improvement and, microscopically, a redefinition of the boundaries of the papillary and reticular dermis were observed, as well as quantitative reduction and reorganization of collagen, in addition to the decrease of the vascularization of the tissue through immunohistochemical analysis. CONCLUSION: The basic principle of the whole physiological healing process is to reestablish local homeostasis, that is, excessively intensified steps that lead to severe clinical changes. When subcicatricial fat grafting associated with rigotomy was performed, qualitative and quantitative improvements of the tissue were verified in this study. Thus, it becomes evident that this procedure can complement the treatment of cicatricial pathologies.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , História do Século XXI , Cicatrização , Queimaduras Químicas , Cicatriz , Transplante de Pele , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Estudo de Avaliação , Estética , Homeostase , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Queimaduras Químicas/cirurgia , Queimaduras Químicas/complicações , Cicatriz/cirurgia , Cicatriz/complicações , Cicatriz/terapia , Transplante de Pele/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Homeostase/fisiologiaRESUMO
Determinar los beneficios de la terapia celular con células madre adultas como tratamiento para pacientes con pérdidas extensas de piel debido a quemaduras que comprometen más del 50% de la superficie corporal, en comparación con los beneficios del injerto autólogo de piel. Materiales y métodos. Para esta revisión de tema, se hizo una búsqueda exhaustiva en Pubmed y otras bases de datos tales como: SpringerLink, Ovid y SciELO, entre otras, de estudios analíticos observacionales, experimentales y descriptivos, sobre la terapia con células madre para la regeneración de piel y sobre el injerto autólogo de piel, de manera independiente, para compararlos entre sí. Se seleccionaron artículos que evaluaban una muestra poblacional adulta de un rango de edad de 21 a 59 años, descartando aquellos artículos que estudiaron una población infantil. Se incluyeron estudios de todos los países, en especial Estados Unidos y China por ser líderes de investigación sobre el tema, y países de Latinoamérica como Chile y Colombia, de los últimos 10 años. Para establecer los beneficios de cada procedimiento y obtener los resultados comparativos, se tuvo en cuenta el tiempo requerido por el paciente desde el inicio de cada procedimiento hasta obtener la regeneración de la piel, el porcentaje de cumplimiento del tratamiento, el número de complicaciones y su gravedad, la disminución de la morbilidad, los costos, el número de intervenciones quirúrgicas y el resultado final de la calidad de la piel regenerada, en cuanto a elasticidad, grosor y estética. Resultados. Se obtuvo información limitada sobre la terapia celular con células madre para la regeneración de piel, 24 artículos sobre colocación del autoinjerto de piel con las características específicas de la población descritas y 107 artículos utilizados como referencia para el marco teórico sobre células madre como equivalentes cutáneos. Se obtuvo como resultado que la terapia celular con células madre es un procedimiento caro ...
To evaluate the benefits of stem cell therapy for skin regeneration and to compare it with the benefits of autologous skin grafting, in a massive burn patient population with compromise of more than 50% of the body surface área Material and methods: An exhaustive search through PubMed and other databases such as SpringerLink, Ovid and SciELO was made looking for observational analytical studies, experimental and descriptive studies about stem cell therapy for skin regeneration and autologous skin grafting independently to compare them. Articles assessing an adult population sample of an age range of 21-59 years discarding items that studied a child population. Studies of United States and China were selected to be leading research on the subject, also studies of Latin American countries such as Chile and Colombia in the last 10 years were included. The next items were taken into account to establish the benefits of each procedure and obtain comparative results: the time required by the patient from the beginning of each procedure until the skin regeneration, the percentage of compliance of each procedure, the number of complications and gravity, reduced morbidity, costs, number of surgical procedures and the end result of the quality of the regenerated skin. Results. Limited information about stem cell therapy for skin regeneration was obtained, 24 articles of autograft skin with the specific characteristics of the population described were found and 107 articles more were used as references for the theoretical framework on stem cells and skin equivalents. It was obtained as a result that stem cells therapy is an expensive and laborious process, considered excellent treatment option for massive burn patients with limitations for autologous skin grafting...
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Humanos , Células-Tronco , Queimaduras , Transplante Autólogo , Transplante de PeleRESUMO
Multiple tissue sources have been used for urethral reconstruction in adults. Patients with lichen sclerosis (LS), long segment strictures, or prior oral graft use have less available tissue for urethroplasty. We describe a technique for the use of a full-thickness skin graft of hairless abdominal skin for long segment urethroplasty.
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Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Estreitamento Uretral/cirurgia , Abdome/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Loxoscelism is caused by envenomation by spiders that belong to the Loxosceles genus. In loxoscelism, a local necrotic lesion appears and, in many cases, loxoscelism or necrotic araneism is considered a serious public health problem. There is no diagnostic test available to help the physician make a diagnostic or therapeutic decision. Here, we report the case of a severe dermonecrotic araneism (loxoscelism) in Turkey probably due to the bite of Loxosceles rufescens. There was little erythema at the beginning, followed by severe necrosis after 20 days, and skin grafting was needed although the case was treated.(AU)
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Animais , Picada de Aranha , Saúde Pública , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina , Relatório de PesquisaRESUMO
Loxoscelism is caused by envenomation by spiders that belong to the Loxosceles genus. In loxoscelism, a local necrotic lesion appears and, in many cases, loxoscelism or necrotic araneism is considered a serious public health problem. There is no diagnostic test available to help the physician make a diagnostic or therapeutic decision. Here, we report the case of a severe dermonecrotic araneism (loxoscelism) in Turkey probably due to the bite of Loxosceles rufescens. There was little erythema at the beginning, followed by severe necrosis after 20 days, and skin grafting was needed although the case was treated.