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Robotic surgery is a rapidly expanding field, given the wide variety of new robotic platforms emerging. Looking at the training of surgeons in robotic surgery is of extreme necessity and urgency, considering the ongoing technological advancements. In this research, the performance during the virtual reality simulation phase of training for robotic surgery was analyzed. It was observed that, in addition to the lack of consensus among societies regarding the required simulation hours, there is no guidance on the best curriculum to be adopted. From the data in this study, it can be inferred that the more advanced skills have fewer proficient individuals, meaning that fewer surgeons in training have reached proficiency in all skill exercises. Even with differences in the number of exercises performed proficiently between groups that underwent varying amounts of simulation time, there is no statistically significant difference in the proportion between them.

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BACKGROUND: In nursing education, contact with real scenarios implies the design of favorable experiences to develop prioritization, reasoning, critical thinking, and management skills that support future practice. In the context of the teaching-learning process, simulation emerges as a support strategy, but its use and management require the knowledge and appropriation of teachers. Clinical simulation during education promotes growth in technical skills and aptitudes such as critical thinking, emotional management, organization, delegation, and teamwork. The culmination positively impacts the student, reflecting on their confidence, security, and adaptability to unexpected or unknown situations and risks. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this scoping review is to determine the socioemotional skills described during the teaching-learning process mediated by medium- and high-fidelity clinical simulation in nursing students. METHODS: The main concepts and limits of the research area will be determined according to the 5 phases of a scoping review proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. Research articles and postgraduate theses published between 2010 and 2023 in English and Spanish will be considered. Dissertation-type documents, book chapters, editorials, abstracts, and articles focused on clinical simulation among nursing professionals will be excluded. The articles will be retrieved from databases available at the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, along with CINAHL, Scielo, and PubMed. The search strategy will be based on the Population-Concept-Context framework. Article selection will be carried out by 2 independent evaluators who will review titles and abstracts in stage 1 and the full text in stage 2. A database of retrieved articles will be built with the variables of interest. A qualitative thematic analysis will be conducted by 5 independent reviewers to provide an overview of the literature, focusing on identifying similarities and contrasts between studies and contributions related to the aspects of social skills described in nursing students. RESULTS: The investigation has not yet started. The findings aim to focus on variables within the academic environment that, when correlated with the clinical simulation experience, may determine student learning. The working hypothesis is that students who experience greater satisfaction or possess better communication skills also demonstrate superior performance during high-fidelity simulation activities. The most relevant results will be contrasted considering the stated objective and knowledge gaps. Key aspects will also be compared with other reviews addressing related topics such as communication, self-efficacy, and self-confidence. Skills described by other authors that were not considered in the initial literature review will also be mentioned. CONCLUSIONS: Educational institutions are responsible for including learning experiences in controlled environments such as medium- and high-fidelity simulation to ensure the acquisition of technical capabilities and additional socioemotional skills. Recognizing and managing emotions is necessary to provide adequate care for users of health care services and for the increased effectiveness of professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework p4ays; https://osf.io/p4ays. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/56436.

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Objective: This work sought to assess the perception of knowledge transfer from clinical simulations to the care practice in nursing students through effective debriefing. Methods: An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 281 students during the 2020-2021 course, through una ad hoc survey from the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) in Spanish, to assess competence areas that undergraduate students must reach to complete their studies. Results: The survey conducted after each simulation showed that the students valued positively the debriefing sessions conducted by experts, with a mean score of 6.61 over 7 [6.56%-6.65%] based on 675 surveys analyzed, given that each student conducted more than one simulation within the academic course. It was observed in 221 completed answers that what was learned in the simulation was transferred to the practice in 89.23% [86.39%-92.06%], specifically in areas of Communication, Patient safety, Teamwork, and Leadership. Conclusion: In the perception by the participating students, the use of effective debriefing in clinical simulation enabled knowledge transfer to the care practice, proving to be a crucial tool that helps to improve the formation of the future nurses.

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Objetivo. Avaliar a percepção da transferência de conhecimentos das simulações clínicas para a prática assistencial em estudantes de enfermagem por meio de um debriefing eficaz. Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal com uma lista de 281 estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade espanhola durante o curso 2020-2021, por meio de uma consulta ad hoc a partir do Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) em português, para valorizar as áreas competentes que um estudante de graduação deve alcançar ao finalizar seus estudos. Resultados. A consulta realizada após cada simulação mostrou que os estudantes valorizaram positivamente as sessões de debriefing realizadas por especialistas, com uma pontuação média de 6.61 sobre 7 [6.56-6.65%] com base em 675 consultas analisadas, e cada estudante realizou mais de uma simulação dentro do curso acadêmico. Foram observadas 221 respostas cumulativas que o aprendizado na simulação se traduziu na prática em 89.23% [86.39-92.06%], especificamente nas áreas de Comunicação, Segurança do paciente, Trabalho em equipe e Liderança. Conclusão. Na percepção dos estudantes participantes, o uso de um debriefing eficaz na simulação clínica permitiu a transferência de conhecimentos para a prática assistencial, mostrando ser uma ferramenta crucial que ajuda a melhorar a formação dos futuros enfermeiros.

Objetivo. Evaluar la percepción de la transferencia de conocimientos de las simulaciones clínicas a la práctica asistencial en estudiantes de enfermería mediante un debriefing eficaz.Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal con una muestra de 281 estudiantes durante el curso 2020-2021, mediante una encuesta ad hoc a partir de la Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) en español, para valorar las áreas competenciales que un estudiante de grado debe alcanzar al finalizar sus estudios. Resultados. La encuesta realizada después de cada simulación mostró que los estudiantes valoraban positivamente las sesiones de debriefing realizadas por expertos, con una puntuación media de 6.61 sobre 7 [6.56 % - 6.65 %] en base a 675 encuestas analizadas, ya que cada estudiante realizaba más de una simulación dentro del curso académico. Se observó en 221 respuestas cumplimentadas que lo aprendido en la simulación se transfirió a la práctica en el 89.23 % [86.39 % - 92.06 %], específicamente en áreas de Comunicación, Seguridad del paciente, Trabajo en equipo y Liderazgo. Conclusión. En la percepción de los estudiantes participantes, el uso de un debriefing eficaz en la simulación clínica permitió la transferencia de conocimientos a la práctica asistencial, mostrando ser una herramienta crucial que ayuda a mejorar la formación a de los futuros enfermeros.

Objective. This work sought to assess the perception of knowledge transfer from clinical simulations to the care practice in nursing students through effective debriefing.Methods. An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 281 students during the 2020-2021 course, through una ad hoc survey from the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) in Spanish, to assess competence areas that undergraduate students must reach to complete their studies.Results. The survey conducted after each simulation showed that the students valued positively the debriefing sessions conducted by experts, with a mean score of 6.61 over 7 [6.56%-6.65%] based on 675 surveys analyzed, given that each student conducted more than one simulation within the academic course. It was observed in 221 completed answers that what was learned in the simulation was transferred to the practice in 89.23% [86.39%-92.06%], specifically in areas of Communication, Patient safety, Teamwork, and Leadership. Conclusion. In the perception by the participating students, the use of effective debriefing in clinical simulation enabled knowledge transfer to the care practice, proving to be a crucial tool that helps to improve the formation of the future nurses.

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The design and implementation of simulation-based learning is a major institutional challenge. It involves planning the activity and preparing information and resources, as well as accompanying and guiding participants towards the achievement of learning outcomes. There are currently different global recommendations that contribute to a high-quality implementation of simulations. The objective of this article is to present a simulation model that both integrates these guidelines and serves as a guide for those who are in the early stages of this educational strategy.

El diseño y la implementación de la enseñanza basada en simulación resulta un gran desafío institucional. Supone planificar la actividad, preparar información y recursos, así como acompañar y guiar a los participantes hacia el logro de los resultados de aprendizaje. Actualmente, existen diferentes recomendaciones globales que contribuyen a una implementación de calidad de la simulación. El propósito de este artículo consiste en presentar un modelo de simulación que integre dichos lineamientos y sirva de guía para quienes se inician en el uso de esta estrategia educativa.

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Objective To evaluate surgeons' performance in resecting CAM-type deformities using a realistic arthroscopic surgery simulator. Methods An arthroscopic simulator was created using low-cost materials with the help of a GTMax Core A1 3D printer and the programs Invesalius and Meshmixer 2017, which were used to develop femoral head parts in ABS material, with the presence of a CAM-type deformity, to mimic a femoroacetabular impact situation. After the operations were performed by 16 surgeons, the femurs were compared to a previous model with deformity and another without, using Cloudcompare, and parameters such as the volumetric difference between the operated femurs, with and without deformity, the minimum and maximum distance between them, the percentage of the deformity resected, the estimated time for total resection of the deformity, as well as a qualitative analysis based on the images and graphs provided by the program representing the areas of the parts resected, were evaluated at the end. Results The average resection speed was 34.66 mm 3 /min (SD = 46 mm 3 /min, max = 147.33; min = -2.66). The average resection rate was 26.2% (SD = 34.7%, max = 111; min = -2). Qualitative analysis showed hyporesection of deformities and sometimes hyperresection of nondeformed areas. The simulator was highly rated by the surgeons, with a tactile sensation very similar to real surgery, according to them. Conclusion Arthroscopic simulators have proved very useful in training less experienced surgeons.

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Abstract Objective To evaluate surgeons' performance in resecting CAM-type deformities using a realistic arthroscopic surgery simulator. Methods An arthroscopic simulator was created using low-cost materials with the help of a GTMax Core A1 3D printer and the programs Invesalius and Meshmixer 2017, which were used to develop femoral head parts in ABS material, with the presence of a CAM-type deformity, to mimic a femoroacetabular impact situation. After the operations were performed by 16 surgeons, the femurs were compared to a previous model with deformity and another without, using Cloudcompare, and parameters such as the volumetric difference between the operated femurs, with and without deformity, the minimum and maximum distance between them, the percentage of the deformity resected, the estimated time for total resection of the deformity, as well as a qualitative analysis based on the images and graphs provided by the program representing the areas of the parts resected, were evaluated at the end. Results The average resection speed was 34.66 mm3/min (SD = 46 mm3/min, max = 147.33; min = −2.66). The average resection rate was 26.2% (SD = 34.7%, max = 111; min = −2). Qualitative analysis showed hyporesection of deformities and sometimes hyperresection of nondeformed areas. The simulator was highly rated by the surgeons, with a tactile sensation very similar to real surgery, according to them. Conclusion Arthroscopic simulators have proved very useful in training less experienced surgeons.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o desempenho de cirurgiões na ressecção de deformidades tipo CAME fazendo uso de um simulador realista de cirurgia artroscópica. Métodos Um simulador artroscópico foi criado a partir de materiais de baixo custo com auxílio de uma impressora 3D GTMax Core A1 e dos programas Invesalius e Meshmixer 2017, que foram utilizados para criar peças de cabeça de fêmur em material ABS, com a presença de uma deformidade tipo CAME, a fim de mimetizar uma situação de impacto femoroacetabular. Após as operações serem realizadas por 16 cirurgiões, os fêmures foram comparados a um modelo prévio com e outro sem deformidade pelo programa Cloudcompare, sendo avaliados ao final parâmetros como diferença volumétrica entre os fêmures operados, com e sem deformidade, distância mínima e máxima entre eles, porcentagem da deformidade ressecada, tempo estimado para ressecção total da deformidade, além de uma análise qualitativa feita com base nas imagens e gráficos fornecidos pelo programa representando as áreas das peças efetivamente ressecadas. Resultados A velocidade média de resseção foi de 34,66mm3/minuto (DP = 46 mm3/min, max = 147,33 mm3/min; min = −2,66 mm3/min). A média de ressecção obtida foi de 26,2% (DP = 34,7%, max = 111%; min = −2%). A análise qualitativa demonstrou uma hiporresecção das deformidades e, por vezes, hiperresecção de áreas não deformadas. O simulador foi muito bem avaliado pelos cirurgiões, tendo uma sensação tátil bem semelhante à cirurgia real segundo os mesmos. Conclusão Simuladores artroscópicos se mostraram muito úteis no treinamento de cirurgiões menos experientes.

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PURPOSE: Literature reviews outline minimally invasive approaches for abdominal diastasis in patients without skin excess. However, few surgeons are trained in endoscopic rectus sheath plication, and no simulated training programs exist for this method. This study aimed to develop and validate a synthetic simulation model for the training of skills in this approach under the Messick validity framework. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the participants' previous level of laparoscopic/endoscopic skills by a questionnaire. Participants performed an endoscopic plication on the model and their performance was evaluated by one blinded observer using the global rating scale OSATS and a procedure specific checklist (PSC) scale. A 5-level Likert survey was applied to 5 experts and 4 plastic surgeons to assess Face and Content validity. RESULTS: Fifteen non-experts and 5 experts in abdominal wall endoscopic surgery were recruited. A median OSATS score [25 (range 24-25) vs 14 (range 5-22); p < 0.05 of maximum 25 points] and a median PSC score [11 (range 10-11) vs 8 (range 3-10); p < 0.05 of maximum 11 points] was significantly higher for experts compared with nonexperts. All experts agreed or strongly agreed that the model simulates a real scenario of endoscopic plication of the rectus sheath. CONCLUSION: Our simulation model met all validation criteria outlined in the Messick framework, demonstrating its ability to differentiate between experts and non-experts based on their baseline endoscopic surgical skills. This model stands as a valuable tool for evaluating skills in endoscopic rectus sheath plication.

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Introdução: esta pesquisa buscou investigar o exercício acurado do raciocínio diagnóstico seguido da tomada de decisão clínica em estudantes de enfermagem por meio da aplicação de duas tecnologias educacionais, caso clínico escrito e telessimulado. Objetivo geral: avaliar a acurácia do diagnóstico de enfermagem atribuído por estudantes na resolução de caso clínico na modalidade escrita e telessimulada. Objetivos específicos: verificar o julgamento do diagnóstico de enfermagem atribuído por estudantes pela ausência e presença do diagnóstico "Desobstrução Ineficaz de Vias Aéreas", em caso clínico na modalidade escrita e telessimulada; comparar o grau de acurácia do diagnóstico de enfermagem atribuído por estudantes na resolução de caso clínico na modalidade escrita e telessimulada pela aplicação da Escala de Acurácia de Diagnóstico de Enfermagem. Método: pesquisa experimental com desenho cruzado. O experimento foi realizado com 52 estudantes de enfermagem. A partir do diagnóstico de enfermagem "Desobstrução Ineficaz de Vias Aéreas", um caso clínico foi elaborado em conformidade com um estudo de validação clínica diagnóstica, que foi vivenciado pelos estudantes em um caso clínico escrito (Grupo 2) e em um caso clínico telessimulado (Grupo 1). Para verificação do grau de acurácia diagnóstica dos estudantes de enfermagem foi utilizada a Escala de Acurácia de Diagnóstico de Enfermagem. Resultados: observou-se que o Grupo 2 apresentou maior porcentagem de acurácia alta (46,15%) em relação ao Grupo 1 (7,69%). Além disso, uma maior porcentagem dos estudantes do Grupo 2 (53,85%) julgaram ter conhecimento prévio do DE "Desobstrução Ineficaz de Vias Aéreas" em comparação aos do Grupo 1 (26,92%); foi identificada uma tendência à correlação positiva entre a categoria de acurácia diagnóstica e o número de sinais e sintomas relevantes para o diagnóstico de enfermagem, indicando que à medida que aumentou o número de sinais e sintomas referidos, aumentou a acurácia diagnóstica, e vice-versa; foi verificada uma dificuldade de alguns estudantes em identificar pistas; apenas um estudante nomeou corretamente o diagnóstico de enfermagem selecionado. Conclusão: o ensino de enfermagem deve levar em consideração a importância da experiência e do desenvolvimento de habilidades para o aprimoramento do raciocínio diagnóstico. A utilização de tecnologias educacionais, por sua vez, pode ser uma ferramenta valiosa para o avanço das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem nesse campo.

Introduction: this research sought to investigate the accurate exercise of diagnostic reasoning followed by clinical decision-making in nursing students through the application of two educational technologies, written and telesimulated clinical case. Objectives: evaluate the accuracy of the nursing diagnosis given by students in resolving a clinical case in written and telesimulated modes; verify the judgment of the nursing diagnosis attributed by students due to the absence and presence of the diagnosis "Ineffective Airway Clearance", in a clinical case in written and telesimulated mode; compare the degree of accuracy of the nursing diagnosis attributed by students in resolving a clinical case in written and telesimulated modes by applying the Nursing Diagnosis Accuracy Scale. Method: experimental research with crossover design. The experiment was carried out with 52 nursing students. Based on the nursing diagnosis "Ineffective Airway Clearance", a clinical case was prepared in accordance with a clinical diagnostic validation study, which was experienced by the students in a written clinical case (Group 2) and in a telesimulated clinical case (Group 1). To check the degree of diagnostic accuracy of nursing students, the Nursing Diagnostic Accuracy Scale was used. Results: it was observed that Group 2 had a higher percentage of high accuracy (46.15%) compared to Group 1 (7.69%). Furthermore, a higher percentage of students in Group 2 (53.85%) believed they had prior knowledge of the ND "Ineffective Airway Clearance" compared to those in Group 1 (26.92%); a tendency towards a positive correlation was identified between the category of diagnostic accuracy and the number of signs and symptoms relevant to the nursing diagnosis, indicating that as the number of signs and symptoms reported increased, diagnostic accuracy increased, and vice versa; some students found it difficult to identify clues; only one student correctly named the selected nursing diagnosis. Conclusion: nursing education must take into account the importance of experience and skill development for improving diagnostic reasoning. The use of educational technologies, in turn, can be a valuable tool for advancing teaching-learning strategies in this field.

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Introduction: Ensuring patient safety in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) within the field of pediatric surgery requires systematic and extensive practice. Many groups have proposed mastery learning programs encompassing a range of training methods. However, short courses often have a narrow focus on specific objectives, limiting opportunities for sustained training. Our aim was to analyze our results with an online long-term competency-based and supervised training. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study with prospective data collection of scores and performance of trainees during online courses from October 2020 to April 2023. Results: All participants (n = 76) were able to set up their personal training gym and complete the intensive stage of the course. The total score evolved from 2.60 ± 0.56 at the first meeting to 3.67 ± 0.61 at the fourth meeting, exhibiting a significant difference (P < .013). A considerable drop out was observed in the follow-up stage, with only 53.8% of the participants completing the course. When compared with the first meeting, they also showed a significant improvement with a mean general score of 3.85 ± 0.25 (P < .013) Conclusion: We have presented a novel online training program, based on continuous training that demonstrated that the unlimited access to a personal training gym allows surgeons to improve and maintain MIS skills.

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Consultations with children and their families are complex and require soft skills. However, there is a gap in the medical curriculum concerning these skills, especially as encounter training is often adult-centered. We developed, validated, and applied simulation scenarios that prioritize active participation of children to train soft skills in child-centered care for undergraduate medical students. This is a methodological study to develop three scenarios and a checklist of what is expected. The content was validated by 18 experts. A pre-test was carried out for adjustments. Then, the simulations were applied and evaluated by 18 medical undergraduate students. They included the participation of 6 pediatric simulated patients aged 9-12 years trained by a drama teacher. According to the results, the scenarios and checklist proved to be valid instruments in content terms (ICV-I > 0.8). The scripts were followed by the simulated pediatric patients, but they had difficulty mimicking a hypoactive state. Some were anxious, but everyone enjoyed participating in the feedback. The simulated parents had difficulty participating and giving space to the child's speech. Participants assessed that the simulations performed as they were proposed and, after experimenting them, felt more prepared. The simulations provided an opportunity for students to practice soft skills by interacting with children in a safe environment. Using children as simulated patients is feasible but presents some challenges. Our study has expanded the ways in which children's health content can be taught. We are investigating whether this training leads to better patient outcomes in real clinical settings.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical communication characteristics of pharmacy undergraduates, estimate differences in this specific competency, and produce recommendations for further education and training. METHODS: Analysis of communication competence between 110 pharmacy students in the last graduation year from each of the 5 Brazilian regions and a simulated patient with complaints of mild allergic rhinitis passive of resolution with non-prescription medicines. The simulated appointment was recorded, and the video was analyzed using the 2 main elements: biomedical/task-focused and socio-emotional exchange of the Roter Interaction Analysis System. RESULTS: The total of utterances/speech from the pharmacist to the patient was 183.4; there was a statistically significant difference according to the Brazilian region. In the consultation, the frequency with which pharmacy students returned to the segment was evaluated, with a total mean clinical history segment 2 of mean 5.60; in segment 4, which is the counseling phase, an average of 4.80. In the task codes and the socio-emotional codes, there was a statistically significant difference between the codes when compared by region. We compare by sex because it is said that women talk more than men. There was a statistically significant difference in socio-emotional code and biomedical/focused and task being higher for women. CONCLUSION: The level of communication competence of students should be that desired for graduation, in all regions. There seems to be a difference between training and level of competence. Considering gender, although the consultation time is similar, it appears that the quality of communication is higher for women.

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Objective: To assess the self-confidence and satisfaction of Nursing students based on a preoperative telesimulation scenario. Method: Exploratory-descriptive quantitative study conducted from June 2021 to June 2022 at a public university in southern Brazil. The study included 28 undergraduate Nursing students who participated in a telesimulation on preoperative nursing. After the telesimulation, the Student Satisfaction and Self-confidence in Learning Scale and the Scale of Satisfaction with Simulated Clinical Experiences were applied through an electronic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: Participants reported higher satisfaction (mean 4.36) than self-confidence (mean 3.83). Satisfaction with simulated clinical experiences showed that the cognitive dimension had the highest mean (9.25), followed by the realism dimension (8.83) and practical activity (8.64). Conclusion: Preoperative telesimulation is capable of promoting satisfaction and self-confidence in the Nursing students' learning. (AU)

Objetivo: Evaluar la autoconfianza y satisfacción de los estudiantes de Enfermería basándose en un escenario de telesimulación preoperatoria. Método: Estudio cuantitativo exploratorio-descriptivo realizado de junio de 2021 a junio de 2022 en una universidad pública del sur de Brasil. El estudio incluyó a 28 estudiantes de pregrado en Enfermería que participaron en una telesimulación sobre enfermería preoperatoria. Después de la telesimulación, se aplicaron la Escala de Satisfacción y Autoconfianza del Estudiante en el Aprendizaje y la Escala de Satisfacción con Experiencias Clínicas Simuladas a través de un cuestionario electrónico. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para el análisis de datos. Resultados: Los participantes reportaron una mayor satis-facción (media de 4,36) que autoconfianza (media de 3,83). La satisfacción con las experiencias clínicas simuladas mostró que la dimensión cognitiva tuvo la media más alta (9,25), seguida de la dimensión de realismo (8,83) y actividad práctica (8,64). Conclusión: La telesimulación preoperatoria es capaz de promover la satisfacción y autoconfianza en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de Enfermería. (AU)

Objetivo: Avaliar a autoconfiança e a satisfação dos estudantes de Enfermagem a partir de um cenário de telessimulação pré-operató-ria. Método: Estudo quantitativo exploratório-descritivo realizado de junho de 2021 a junho de 2022 em uma universidade pública do Sul do Brasil. Participaram do estudo 28 estudantes do curso de graduação em Enfermagem, por meio de telessimulação sobre enfermagem pré-operatória. Após a telessimulação, aplicou-se a Escala de Satisfação dos Estudantes e Autoconfiança na Aprendizagem e Escala de Satisfação com as Experiências Clínicas Simuladas, por meio de questionário eletrônico. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva para análise de dados. Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram-se mais satisfeitos (média 4,36) do que autoconfiantes (média 3,83). A satisfação com as experiências clínicas simuladas demonstra que a dimensão cognitiva apresentou maior média (9,25), seguida da dimensão realismo (8,83) e atividade prática (8,64). Conclusão: A telessimulação em cenário pré-operatório é capaz de promover satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem dos estudantes de Enfermagem. (AU)

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Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de un curso de anastomosis intestinal abierta simulada en residentes de cirugía general. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo no aleatorizado. Se aplicó un curso para residentes del programa de cirugía general del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile en 2021 en su primera versión y una segunda vez en 2022. Se evaluó la percepción y confianza con encuestas pre y post curso. Resultados: Participaron diecisiete residentes. De ellos, 16 residentes habían asistido previamente en la técnica básica, 10 nunca habían realizado una anastomosis intestinal a un paciente real como primer cirujano, en su mayoría residentes de segundo y tercer año. El nivel de confianza promedio para realizar una anastomosis intestinal en pacientes previo al curso fue de 1,86/7, 3/7 y 5,38/7 para el primer, segundo y tercer año, respectivamente. De manera global, previo al curso, los residentes promediaron una confianza de 3,09/7. Después del curso, 15/16 residentes estuvieron de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo en que mejoró la confianza en la técnica; que el modelo representa correctamente la situación real, y que los modelos simulados son más efectivos para el aprendizaje que la experiencia clínica por sí sola. Los residentes aumentaron su confianza en 2,47 puntos, alcanzando un promedio de 5,56/7 para la técnica (p = 0,001). Conclusiones: El curso de anastomosis intestinal abierta es percibido por los residentes como efectivo, realista y aumenta, significativamente, la confianza en la realización de esta técnica.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a simulated open intestinal anastomosis course on general surgery residents. Materials and Methods: Prospective non-randomized study. A course was applied to residents in the general surgery program at the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile in 2021 for its first version and a second time in 2022. Perception and confidence were evaluated with pre-and post-course surveys. Results: Seventeen residents participated. Of these, 16 residents had previously attended the basic technique, 10 had never performed an intestinal anastomosis as a first surgeon on a real patient, mostly second and third-year residents. The average confidence level for performing an intestinal anastomosis on patients prior to the course was 1.86/7, 3/7, and 5.38/7 for the first, second, and third year, respectively. Overall, prior to the course, residents averaged a confidence of 3.09/7. After the course, 15/16 residents agreed or strongly agreed that it improved their confidence in the technique; that the model accurately represents the real situation, and that simulated models are more effective for learning than clinical experience alone. Residents increased their confidence by 2.47 points, reaching an average of 5.56/7 for the technique (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The open intestinal anastomosis course is perceived by residents as effective, realistic, and significantly increases confidence in performing this technique.

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Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) é um modelo de avaliação com uma série de estações, nas quais o aluno deverá executar ações específicas que englobam competências. São avaliados comportamento, domínio e habilidades. Objetivo: relatar a utilização da simulação realística como ferramenta de avaliação de residentes de enfer- magem. Método: Estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, sobre o uso de um método de avaliação formativa utilizando a simulação realística em julho de 2023. Resultados: Foi realizada a observação direta das atividades desenvolvidas pelos residentes e preenchido o check list individual de cada cenário. Debriefing contribuiu com a discussão reflexiva em grupo. Conclusão: Ao acompanhar o desenvolvimento enquanto ele ocorre, a avaliação formativa com uso do método OSCE, possibilita perceber como o residente tem absorvido o saber, quais possíveis pontos de melhoria e se os objetivos estão sendo alcançados. A simulação utilizada como ferramenta pode complementar o treinamento prático em situa- ções clínicas reais.(AU)

Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is an assessment model with a series of stations in which the student must perform specific actions that encompass competencies. Behavior, mastery and skills are assessed. Objective: To report on the use of realistic simulation as an assessment tool for nursing residents. Method: This is a descriptive experience report on the use of a formative assessment method using realistic simulation in July 2023. Results: The activities carried out by the residents were directly observed and an individual checklist was completed for each scenario. Debriefing contributed to reflective group discussion. Conclusion: By monitoring development as it happens, formative assessment using the OSCE method makes it possible to see how the resident has absorbed the knowledge, what possible points for improvement and whether the objectives are being achieved. Simulation used as a tool can complement practical training in real clinical situations.(AU)

El Examen Clínico Objetivo Estructurado (ECOE) es un modelo de evaluación con una serie de estaciones en las que el estudiante debe realizar acciones específicas que engloban competencias. Se evalúan el comportamiento, el dominio y las habilidades. Objetivo: Informar sobre el uso de la simulación realista como herramienta de evaluación para residentes de enfermería. Método: Estudio descriptivo del uso de un método de evaluación formativa mediante simulación realista en julio de 2023. Resultados: Se observaron directamente las actividades realizadas por los residentes y se cumplimentó una lista de comprobación individual para cada escenario. El debriefing contribuyó a la discusión reflexiva en grupo. Conclusión: La evaluación formativa mediante el método OSCE permite, a través del seguimiento de la evolución a medida que ésta se produce, ver cómo el residente ha asimilado los conocimientos, cuáles son los posibles puntos de mejora y si se están alcanzando los objetivos. La simulación utilizada como herramienta puede complementar la formación práctica en situaciones clínicas reales.(AU)

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ABSTRACT Introduction: medical training should provide the future professional, in addition to theoretical knowledge, general and specific skills. In urology, urogenital training simulators have been presented as an ally in improving the degree of confidence and development of competencies for undergraduate medical students. Methods: exploratory descriptive research with a quantitative approach, of an experimental nature, of the randomized controlled type with cross-sectional cut. Conducted with the students of the 4th year of medicine of a Higher Education Institution in the West of Paraná. Results: 91 students attended a theoretical class with a complete explanation of the activities to be performed and answered the initial questionnaire about the degree of confidence to perform tasks in three stations with male urogenital training simulators (prostatic touch, bladder catheterization and scrotal evaluation). Of these, 45 received guidance and training with the simulators prior to the stations, while 46 should demonstrate skills directly in the three stations, mimicking patient care, only with information from the theoretical classes. The students who received previous guidance with the simulators had their scores in the development of competence higher. And, when they repeated the questionnaire about the degree of confidence to demonstrate skills with the mannequins, there was a higher degree of confidence in performing the tasks, except for the execution of a task considered more difficult. Conclusion: there was an improvement in the degree of confidence and in the development of competencies of undergraduate medical students with the orientations in the male urogenital training simulators.

RESUMO Introdução: a formação médica deve fornecer ao futuro profissional, além de conhecimentos teóricos, habilidades gerais e específicas. Na urologia, os simuladores de treinamento urogenital, têm se apresentado como aliado na melhora do grau de confiança e desenvolvimento de competências para estudantes de graduação em medicina. Métodos: pesquisa exploratória descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, de natureza experimental, do tipo randomizado controlado com recorte transversal. Realizada com os estudantes do 4º ano de medicina de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no Oeste do Paraná. Resultados: 91 estudantes assistiram a uma aula teórica com explanação completa das atividades a serem realizadas, e responderam ao questionário inicial sobre o grau de confiança para executar tarefas em três estações com simuladores de treinamento urogenital masculino (toque prostático, cateterismo vesical e avaliação escrotal). Destes, 45 receberam orientações e treinamento junto aos simuladores previamente as estações, enquanto 46 deveriam demonstrar habilidades diretamente nas três estações, mimetizando o atendimento ao paciente, apenas com informações das aulas teóricas. Os estudantes que receberam orientação prévia junto aos simuladores, tiveram seus escores no desenvolvimento de competência mais elevados. E, ao repetirem o questionário sobre o grau de confiança para demonstrar habilidades junto aos manequins, houve maior grau de confiança em executar as tarefas, com exceção da execução de uma tarefa considerada mais difícil. Conclusão: houve melhora no grau de confiança e no desenvolvimento de competências dos estudantes de graduação em medicina com as orientações nos simuladores de treinamento urogenital masculino.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify, synthesize, and analyze the scientific knowledge produced regarding the implications of using clinical simulation for undergraduate nursing or medical students' motivation for learning. Methods: The search for articles was conducted between July 28 and August 3, 2022, on the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases. The following was used for the search: P - undergraduate students attending Nursing or Medicine courses; C - motivation for learning, and C - skills and clinical simulation laboratory. The following research question guided the study: "What are the implications of clinical simulation on the motivation for learning of undergraduate students of nursing and medicine?" Of the 1,783 articles found, 13 were included in the sample for analysis. All stages of the selection process were carried out by two independent evaluators. The results were presented as charts and a discursive report. Results: The studies analyzed indicated the beneficial effects of clinical simulation on students' motivation, in addition to other gains such as competencies, technical and non-technical skills, knowledge, belonging, autonomy, clinical judgment, critical and reflective thinking, self-efficacy and decreased anxiety, self-management, and improvements in learning and learning climate. Conclusion: Clinical simulation provides a positive learning environment favorable to the development of technical and interpersonal skills and competencies, and raising the level of motivational qualities.

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Objective: translate and adapt the Facilitator Competency Rubric to the Portuguese language and the Brazilian culture, and analyze the measurement properties. Method: methodological study that completed the steps of translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, review by a Committee of Experts composed of 7 professionals, testing of the pre-final version with 33 simulation facilitators, and submission to the author of the original instrument. For content validation, the Content Validity Index and the modified Kappa Coefficient were calculated. For reliability, Cronbach's α and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient were evaluated by 52 and 15 simulation facilitators, respectively. Results: two rounds of content evaluation were carried out, resulting in changes to 19 items in the first evaluation and 3 items in the second. The overall scale achieved a Cronbach's α of 0.98 and an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.95 to 0.97. Conclusion: the Facilitator Competency Rubric was translated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian reality and presented content validity, reliability and stability, with safe results for use in teaching and research.

Objetivo: traducir y adaptar la Facilitator Competency Rubric a la lengua portuguesa y a la cultura brasileña, y analizar las propiedades de medición. Método: estudio metodológico que completó las etapas de traducción, síntesis de las traducciones, back translation , revisión por un Comité de Expertos compuesto por 7 profesionales, prueba de la versión pre-final con 33 facilitadores de simulación y presentación a la autora del instrumento original. Para la validación de contenido se calculó el Índice de Validez de Contenido y el Coeficiente Kappa modificado. Para determinar la confiabilidad, 52 y 15 facilitadores de simulación evaluaron el α de Cronbach y el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase, respectivamente. Resultados: se realizaron dos rondas de evaluación de contenidos, con modificaciones de 19 ítems en la primera evaluación y 3 ítems en la segunda. La escala general alcanzó α de Cronbach de 0,98 y Coeficientes de Correlación Intraclase de 0,95 a 0,97. Conclusión: la Facilitator Competency Rubric fue traducida y adaptada culturalmente a la realidad brasileña y presentó validez de contenido, confiabilidad y estabilidad, con resultados seguros para su uso en la enseñanza y la investigación.

Objetivo: traduzir e adaptar a Facilitator Competency Rubric para o idioma português e a cultura brasileira, e analisar as propriedades de medida. Método: estudo metodológico que cumpriu as etapas de tradução, síntese das traduções, back translation , revisão por um comitê de especialistas composto por sete profissionais, teste da versão pré-final com 33 facilitadores de simulação e submissão à autora do instrumento original. Para a validação de conteúdo, foram calculados o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e o Coeficiente de Kappa modificado. Para a confiabilidade foram avaliados o α de Cronbach e o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse por 52 e 15 facilitadores de simulação, respectivamente. Resultados: foram realizadas duas rodadas de avaliação do conteúdo, com mudança de 19 itens na primeira avaliação e três itens na segunda. A escala geral alcançou α de Cronbach de 0,98 e Coeficientes de Correlação Intraclasse de 0,95 a 0,97. Conclusão: a Facilitator Competency Rubric foi traduzida e adaptada culturalmente à realidade brasileira e apresentou validade de conteúdo, confiabilidade e estabilidade, com resultados seguros para uso no ensino e na pesquisa.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for appendicitis, with the laparoscopic technique offering benefits like lower infection rates and quicker recovery. However, residents often have their first practical experience with the procedure on real patients, increasing surgical risks. In this context, medical simulation emerges as a crucial methodology, allowing professionals to experience a variety of scenarios while preventing harm to patients. The objective of this study is to describe the production of an "ex-vivo" simulation model for laparoscopic appendectomy. Methodology: Cold ceramic structures were used to manually shape the anatomical model of the appendix, ensuring its rigidity. On this model, we poured materials to create a flexible mold using acetic silicone. Once the mold was made, we filled it with thermo-moldable styrene polymer rubber, along with dye, and fused it at a specific temperature. Results: This process resulted in the manufacture of a piece that simulates the appendix, being tear-resistant and suturable, faithfully replicating the structure and characteristics of a human organ. The low weight of the materials facilitates transport, allowing them to be reproduced and used in various situations, from training in hospital settings to universities. The model is applicable in didactic simulations with medical students, residents, and surgeons. Its ease of production and low cost contribute to the practices being repeatable, ensuring a better development of surgical skills. Conclusion: This work not only contributes to the advancement of medical simulation but also highlights the importance of innovative and collaborative solutions in improving medical education and promoting patient safety.

RESUMO Introdução: A simulação médica emerge como uma metodologia crucial, permitindo que profissionais experimentem uma variedade de cenários, tanto de êxito quanto de falha, identificando fragilidades e condições inseguras, com o intuito de evitar danos aos pacientes. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é descrever a produção de um modelo de simulação em apendicectomia videolaparoscópica "ex-vivo". Metodologia: Foram utilizadas estruturas de cerâmica fria para moldar manualmente o modelo anatômico do apêndice, garantindo sua rigidez. Neste modelo, utilizou-se materiais para criar um molde flexível usando silicone acético. Feito o molde, o preencheu-se com borracha de polímero de estireno termomoldável, junto com corante, e fundindo em uma temperatura específica. Resultados: Esse processo resultou na confecção de uma peça que simula o apêndice, sendo resistente ao rasgo e suturável, replicando fielmente a estrutura e características de um órgão humano. O baixo peso dos materiais facilita o transporte, permitindo que sejam reproduzidos e utilizados em diversas situações, desde treinamentos em ambientes hospitalares até universidades. O modelo é aplicável em simulações didáticas com estudantes de medicina, residentes e cirurgiões. Sua facilidade de produção e baixo custo contribuem para que as práticas sejam repetíveis, garantindo um melhor desenvolvimento das habilidades cirúrgicas. Conclusão: O trabalho contribui para o avanço da simulação médica e destaca a importância de soluções inovadoras e colaborativas na melhoria da educação médica e na promoção da segurança do paciente.

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RESUMO Introdução: Este trabalho versa sobre a construção e validação de um cenário simulado com abordagem interprofissional, que permitirá a utilização no ensino e na educação permanente de profissionais da saúde por meio da metodologia ativa de simulação clínica. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos construir e validar um cenário simulado para a pronação de pacientes críticos com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Método: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico desenvolvido durante o ano de 2022 em uma universidade pública do Sul do Brasil e realizado em duas etapas: 1. delineamento do caso clínico e construção do cenário, e 2. validação de conteúdo e de aparência por 11 juízes com expertise em simulação clínica e/ou cuidado destinado ao paciente crítico, que atenderam aos critérios de Fehring. Aplicou-se um questionário do tipo Likert para a avaliação de 37 itens estabelecidos a partir do referencial de Fabri et al. Para medir o percentual de concordância entre os juízes, adotou-se o índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC). Resultado: Para a construção do cenário, desenvolveram-se o roteiro e guia de apoio ao facilitador e ao participante, e o roteiro para o ator simulado; um quadro de ações esperadas para cada participante; a relação de materiais e equipamentos necessários para o desenvolvimento; e o checklist de observação do desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades para cada profissão envolvida no cenário (médico, fisioterapeuta, enfermeiro e técnico de enfermagem). Os juízes eram predominantemente enfermeiros (63,6%), seguidos por fisioterapeutas (18,1%), médico (9%) e docente de enfermagem (9%). Os juízes responderam a um questionário que abordou os seguintes temas: "experiência prévia do participante/briefing", "conteúdo/objetivos", "recursos humanos", "preparo do cenário", "desenvolvimento do cenário" e "avaliação". Todos os itens obtiveram IVC superior ao desejável (0,80) e, portanto, foram considerados válidos. Além disso, os juízes realizaram sugestões de melhorias para o cenário, as quais foram acatadas ou rejeitas e discutidas com a literatura disponível. Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu criar e validar um cenário que reflete a prática real, ao mesmo tempo que oportuniza um ambiente seguro para os participantes e responde aos objetivos da aprendizagem interprofissional.

ABSTRACT Introduction: This work is focused on the construction and validation of a simulated scenario with an interprofessional approach, which will allow the use in the teaching and continuing education of health professionals through the active methodology of clinical simulation. Objective: To build and validate a simulated scenario for the pronation of critically ill patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Method: This is a methodological study developed in 2022 at a public university in Curitiba-PR, which occurred in two stages: 1) delineation of the clinical case and construction of the scenario; 2) content and appearance validation by 11 judges with expertise in clinical simulation and/or critical patient care, who met the Fehring's criteria. A Likert-type questionnaire was applied to evaluate 37 items based on the Fabri's reference. To measure the percentage of agreement among the judges, the Content Validity Index (CVI) was adopted. Results: To build the scenario, the script and support guide for the facilitator, the participant, and the script for the simulated actor; a table of expected actions for each participant; the list of materials and equipment needed for the development; and the checklist for observation of the development of competencies and skills for each profession involved in the scenario (physician, physical therapist, nurse, and nursing technician) were developed. The judges were predominantly nurses (63.6%), followed by physical therapists (18.1%), physicians (9%), and nursing lecturers (9%). The judges responded to a questionnaire that addressed "Prior Participant Experience/Briefing", "Content/Objectives"; "Human Resources"; "Scenario Preparation", "Scenario Development", and "Evaluation". All items scored higher than desirable Content Validity Index (0.80) and were considered valid. In addition, the judges suggested improvements to the scenario, which were accepted or rejected and discussed with the available literature. Conclusion: This study made it possible to create and validate a scenario that reflects actual practice while providing a safe environment for participants and meeting the goals of interprofessional learning.