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BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis, caused by the Leptospira bacteria, is an acute infectious disease that is mainly transmitted by exposure to contaminated soil or water, thereby presenting a wide range of subsequent clinical conditions. This study aimed to assess the distribution of cases and deaths from leptospirosis and its association with social vulnerability in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between 2010 and 2019. METHODS: The lethality rates and incidence of leptospirosis and their association with gender, age, education, and skin color were analyzed using chi-square tests. The spatial relationship between the environmental determinants, social vulnerability, and the incidence rate of leptospirosis in the different municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul was analyzed through spatial regression analysis. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 4,760 cases of leptospirosis, along with 238 deaths, were confirmed. The mean incidence rate was 4.06 cases/100,000 inhabitants, while the mean fatality rate was 5%. Although the entire population was susceptible, white-colored individuals, males, people of the working-age group, along with less-educated individuals, were more affected by the disease. Lethality was higher in people with dark skin, and the prime risk factor associated with death was the direct contact of the patients with rodents, sewage, and garbage. The social vulnerability was positively associated with the incidence of leptospirosis in the Rio Grande do Sul, especially in municipalities located in the center of the state. CONCLUSIONS: It is evident that the incidence of the disease is significantly related to the vulnerability of the population. The use of the health vulnerability index showed great relevance in the evaluation of leptospirosis cases and can be used further as a tool to help municipalities identify disease-prone areas for intervention and resource allocation.

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The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic reinforced the central role of the One Health (OH) approach, as a multisectoral and multidisciplinary perspective, to tackle health threats at the human-animal-environment interface. This study assessed Brazilian preparedness and response to COVID-19 and zoonoses with a focus on the OH approach and equity dimensions. We conducted an environmental scan using a protocol developed as part of a multi-country study. The article selection process resulted in 45 documents: 79 files and 112 references on OH; 41 files and 81 references on equity. The OH and equity aspects are poorly represented in the official documents regarding the COVID-19 response, either at the federal and state levels. Brazil has a governance infrastructure that allows for the response to infectious diseases, including zoonoses, as well as the fight against antimicrobial resistance through the OH approach. However, the response to the pandemic did not fully utilize the resources of the Brazilian state, due to the lack of central coordination and articulation among the sectors involved. Brazil is considered an area of high risk for emergence of zoonoses mainly due to climate change, large-scale deforestation and urbanization, high wildlife biodiversity, wide dry frontier, and poor control of wild animals' traffic. Therefore, encouraging existing mechanisms for collaboration across sectors and disciplines, with the inclusion of vulnerable populations, is required for making a multisectoral OH approach successful in the country.

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BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether diabetes or prediabetes affects unfavorable treatment outcomes and death in people with tuberculosis (PWTB). METHODS: Culture-confirmed, drug-susceptible PWTB, enrolled in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort between 2015 and 2019 (N = 643) were stratified based on glycemic status according to baseline glycated hemoglobin. Unfavorable tuberculosis (TB) outcome was defined as treatment failure or modification, recurrence, or death; favorable outcome was cure or treatment completion. We corroborated the findings using data from PWTB reported to the Brazilian National System of Diseases Notification (SINAN) during 2015-2019 (N = 20 989). Logistic regression models evaluated associations between glycemic status and outcomes. RESULTS: In both cohorts, in univariate analysis, unfavorable outcomes were more frequently associated with smoking, illicit drug use, and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Diabetes, but not prediabetes, was associated with unfavorable outcomes in the RePORT-Brazil (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 2.45; P < .001) and SINAN (aRR, 1.76; P < .001) cohorts. Furthermore, diabetes was associated with high risk of death (during TB treatment) in both RePORT-Brazil (aRR, 2.16; P = .040) and SINAN (aRR, 1.93; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcomes and mortality in Brazilian PWTB. Interventions to improve TB treatment outcomes in persons with diabetes are needed.

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Bees are insects of the order Hymenoptera and are involved in human accidents. In Brazil, bees that cause accidents are crosses derived from Europeans with African bees and are known for their aggressive behavior. Despite being considered an important public health concern, epidemiological studies at the national level are scarce. The objective of this study was to verify the epidemiological profile of bee accidents in humans in Brazil, using data from 2009 to 2019 of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. It was found that bee accidents increased by 207.61% from the first to the last year of the present study. The incidence varied according to the geographical region; the southern region had more bee accidents, but the Northern region had more deaths caused by bee accidents. Besides, climatic conditions were associated with susceptibility to bee stings; the incidence was higher during spring and summer. Age was also associated with fatality rate, with the elderly being the group with the highest fatality rate. Our results demonstrate that accidents caused by bees involve factors related to patients, the environment, and the behavior of bees. It is important to know the epidemiological aspects to help prevent apidic accidents.

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Cases of canine attacks on people are reported because of the proximity of the dog to the households in several Brazilian cities. In the present study, we aim to evaluate post-exposure anti-rabies treatments with canine accidents between the years 2007 to 2011 in Belo Horizonte - MG. Duly notified data were obtained from the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The spatial characteristics of the cases during the period of the study referred to the neighborhoods and the nine sanitary districts of the municipality of Belo Horizonte - MG. For georeferencing and spatial analysis, we used the software Maporama to identify the coordinates and the Geographic Information System ArcGIS for mapping. Considering the 6.153 prophylactic services that were georeferenced, the Norte, Venda Nova, Leste, and Centro Sul regions were highlighted due to the higher frequency of registered cases. It is suggested that an integrative action focused on canine population control, health education and epidemiological surveillance studies could contribute to the reduction of canine aggression cases.

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Resumo Introdução A violência demanda assistência em saúde devido às lesões físicas e psíquicas que ocasiona e consequentemente compromete a qualidade de vida do indivíduo. A notificação é uma dimensão da linha de cuidado, que também possibilita dar visibilidade ao problema da violência e subsidia as políticas públicas. Objetivo Descrever as características da violência contra as mulheres notificadas no município de São Paulo, 2008-2015. Método Estudo ecológico descritivo sobre os casos de violência interpessoal contra mulheres de 20 a 59 anos registrados na Prefeitura de São Paulo, sendo avaliada a tendência temporal por regressão linear simples e as características dos envolvidos e da violência. Resultados 43.256 casos foram notificados, evidenciando aumento no período (β = 0,001; p = 0,006); a violência física foi predominante (81,3%) entre mulheres de 20 a 29 anos (37,6%). O agressor era do sexo masculino (47,7%) e conhecido (62,5%), com ocorrência na residência da vítima (31,6%); as partes do corpo mais atingidas foram a cabeça (31,7%) e os membros (21,4%), ocasionando principalmente traumas (60%). Conclusão As notificações de violência contra a mulher têm aumentado no município de São Paulo, mas a violência física, que tem maior visibilidade, ainda se sobressai, sugerindo a existência de subnotificação.

Abstract Background Violence demands health care due to the physical and psychological injuries it causes and consequently compromises the individual's quality of life. Notification is a dimension of the care line, which also enables to give visibility to the problem of violence and subsidizes public policies. Objective To describe the characteristics of violence against women reported in the city of São Paulo, 2008-2015. Method a descriptive ecological study on the cases of interpersonal violence against women aged 20 to 59 years registered in the city of São Paulo, evaluating the temporal trend by simple linear regression and the characteristics of those involved and violence. Results We identified 43,256 reported cases, evidencing an increase in the period (β = 0.001; p = 0.006); with physical aggression as predominant (81.3%) and among women aged 20-29 years old (37.6%). The aggressor was male (47.7%) and known (62.5%), occurring at victim's home (31.6%); the head (31.7%) and limbs (21.4%) were the most affected parts of the body causing mainly trauma (60.0%). Conclusion Reports of violence against women have increased in the city of São Paulo, but physical violence, which has greater visibility, still stands out, suggesting the existence of underreporting.

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Objetivo: este estudo teve como objetivo traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico de pacientes com AIDS residentes microrregião na região de saúde que compreende o município de Alagoinhas ­ BA, no período de 2007-2017. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, exploratório de fonte secundária de dados. As variáveis investigadas foram: gênero, faixa etária, grau de escolaridade, município de residência, cor, categoria de exposição e evolução do caso. Resultados: durante o período 2007 ­ 2017 constataram-se 459 casos registrados no SINAN, de AIDS em adultos na Região de Saúde do município. Assim, verificou-se em adulto uma tendência de crescimento no número de casos na microrregião de Alagoinhas, acentuado no ano de 2014 (95 casos), e com considerável aumento constatado no ano de 2017 (90 casos). Evidenciou-se que 227 pacientes pertenciam ao sexo masculino e 232 ao sexo feminino, havendo predomínio de casos, todavia, na faixa etária entre 20 a 34 anos. Houve maior número de casos em adultos, faixa etária de 20-34 e 35-49, e dentre estes, o número de casos foi maior em indivíduos que têm relação heterossexual, seguido de indivíduos que têm relação homossexual; houve alto número de casos em indivíduos que possuem relações sexuais só com homens, totalizando 258, seguido de só com mulheres (135). Conclusão: o presente estudo permitiu compreender que os indivíduos adultos vivendo com HIV/AIDS, no período de 2007 a 2017, seguem a tendência nacional, contudo a melhoria do acesso aos serviços, qualidade da atenção, proporciona uma maior qualidade de vida aos pacientes.

Objective: this study aimed to outline the sociodemographic and epidemiological profile of AIDS patients living in ­ the health region of the Health Region comprising the municipality of Alagoinhas ­ BA, in the period 2007-2017. Methodology: this is a descriptive, exploratory epidemiological study of a secondary source of data. The variables investigated were: gender, age group, education level, municipality of residence, color, category of exposure and evolution of the case. Results: during the period 2007-2017, 459 cases were recorded in the SINAN of AIDS in adults in the Health Region of the municipality. Thus, in adults, there was a trend of growth in the number of cases in the Alagoinhas microregion, accentuated in 2014 (95 cases), and with a considerable increase observed in 2017 (90 cases), it was evidenced that 227 patients belonged were male, and 232 were female, with cases predominating, however, in the age group between 20 and 34 years. There were more cases in adults, age range 20-34 and 35-49, and among these, the number of cases was higher in individuals who have a heterosexual relationship, followed by individuals who have a homosexual relationship, there were a high number of cases in individuals who have sex with men alone, totaling 258, followed by only with women (135). Conclusion: the present study made it possible to understand that adult individuals living with HIV / AIDS, from 2007 to 2017, follow the national trend, however, improving access to services and quality of care provides a better quality of life for patients

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Objetivou-se com este estudo traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes escorpiônicos no município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, no período de 2007 a 2019, com dados obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram notificados 10908 acidentes causados por escorpiões no período do estudo, sendo 31,6% na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, 14,9% entre 0 a 9 anos , 11,7 % para 60 anos ou mais e 76,9% na zona urbana. Dos casos notificados 61,1% ocorreram em mulheres. Em relação ao local da picada, 46,4% foram nos membros inferiores. As manifestações locais foram relatadas em 77,9% dos casos e as sistêmicas em 1,4%. Verificou-se que 86,8% dos casos mais comuns foram os do tipo leve. Apenas 0,6% dos acidentes estiveram relacionados ao trabalho. Os casos evoluíram para cura em 85,0% (9279) do número de notificações. Concluiu-se que o perfil os acidentes por escorpiões acometem a população de 20 a 39 anos, principalmente do sexo feminino e as extremidades dos membros e recomenda-se então ações integradas entre a Vigilância e Atenção Primária em Saúde, para implantação de ações de educação popular em saúde em escolas e Unidades Básicas de Saúde.

The objective of this study was to trace the epidemiological profile of the scorpionic accidents in Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, from 2007 to 2019, with data from the SINAN. A total of 10908 scorpions were recorded during the study period, with 30,1% being between 20 and 39 years of age, 14,9% between 0 and 9 years old, 11,7% for 60 years old and over and, 76,9% in the urban area. Of the reported cases, 61,1% were women. Regarding the site of the bite, 46,4% were in the lower limbs. Local manifestations were reported in 77,9% of cases and as systemic in 1,4%. It was verified that 86,8% of the most common cases were mild type. Only 0,6% of the discs are work related. The cases evolved to cure in 85,0% (9279) of the notifications. It was concluded the profile scorpion accidents ffect a population aged 20 to 39 years, mainly females and the extremities of the limbs, and integrated actions between Surveillance and Primary Health Care are therefore recommended for the implementation of popular health education actions in schools and Basic Health Units.

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A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) é uma das principais zoonoses de ocorrência mundial, que pode levar a índices de letalidade elevados quando não instituído tratamento adequado. A doença apresenta alta prevalência em diferentes regiões brasileiras, inclusive na região norte. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento dos casos de LV notificados no estado do Pará em2018. Este trabalho compreende um estudo epidemiológico descritivo realizado com base em dados secundários disponíveis no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) sobre os casos confirmados de LV no estado do Pará no ano de 2018. Um total de 562 casos de LV foi notificado no estado do Pará em 2018, ocorrendo em 54 municípios paraenses e sendo mais prevalente em Parauapebas, Marabá e Canaã dos Carajás, no sudeste do Pará. Os meses com maiores números de casos foram fevereiro, março, maio, junho, julho, agosto e setembro, todos apresentando mais de 50 casos. A ocorrência da LV variou de acordo com a faixa etária, apresentando maiores números de notificação em crianças de um a quatro anos, seguido de adultos de 20 a 39 anos. Quando avaliado o sexo, homens foram mais acometidos por LV que as mulheres. Em 2018, o estado do Pará notificou elevados números de casos de LV, especialmente em crianças de um a quatro anos, em homens e habitantes da região Sudeste do estado. Observou-se ainda que a ocorrência foi maior entre os meses de maio a julho.

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the main zoonoses worldwide, which can lead to high lethality rates when adequate treatment is not instituted. The disease has a high prevalence in different Brazilian regions, including the northern region. The objective of this work was to carry out a survey of the cases of VL notified in the state of Pará in 2018. This work comprises a descriptive epidemiological study carried out based on secondary data available in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) on the confirmed cases of VL in the state of Pará in the year 2018. A total of 562 cases of VL were reported in the state of Pará in 2018, occurring in 54 municipalities in Pará and being more prevalent in Parauapebas, Marabá and Canaã dos Carajás, in the southeast of Pará. The months with the highest number of cases were February, March, May, June, July, August and September, all presenting more than 50 cases. The occurrence of VL varied according to the age group, with higher numbers of notification in children aged one to four years, followed by adults aged 20 to 39 years. When gender was assessed, men were more affected by VL than women. In 2018, the state of Pará reported high numbers of cases of VL, especially in children aged one to four years, in men, and inhabitants of the southeastern region of the state. It was also observed that the occurrence was greater between the months of May to July.

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Objetivou-se com este estudo traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes escorpiônicos no município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, no período de 2007 a 2019, com dados obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram notificados 10908 acidentes causados por escorpiões no período do estudo, sendo 31,6% na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, 14,9% entre 0 a 9 anos , 11,7 % para 60 anos ou mais e 76,9% na zona urbana. Dos casos notificados 61,1% ocorreram em mulheres. Em relação ao local da picada, 46,4% foram nos membros inferiores. As manifestações locais foram relatadas em 77,9% dos casos e as sistêmicas em 1,4%. Verificou-se que 86,8% dos casos mais comuns foram os do tipo leve. Apenas 0,6% dos acidentes estiveram relacionados ao trabalho. Os casos evoluíram para cura em 85,0% (9279) do número de notificações. Concluiu-se que o perfil os acidentes por escorpiões acometem a população de 20 a 39 anos, principalmente do sexo feminino e as extremidades dos membros e recomenda-se então ações integradas entre a Vigilância e Atenção Primária em Saúde, para implantação de ações de educação popular em saúde em escolas e Unidades Básicas de Saúde.(AU)

The objective of this study was to trace the epidemiological profile of the scorpionic accidents in Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, from 2007 to 2019, with data from the SINAN. A total of 10908 scorpions were recorded during the study period, with 30,1% being between 20 and 39 years of age, 14,9% between 0 and 9 years old, 11,7% for 60 years old and over and, 76,9% in the urban area. Of the reported cases, 61,1% were women. Regarding the site of the bite, 46,4% were in the lower limbs. Local manifestations were reported in 77,9% of cases and as systemic in 1,4%. It was verified that 86,8% of the most common cases were mild type. Only 0,6% of the discs are work related. The cases evolved to cure in 85,0% (9279) of the notifications. It was concluded the profile scorpion accidents ffect a population aged 20 to 39 years, mainly females and the extremities of the limbs, and integrated actions between Surveillance and Primary Health Care are therefore recommended for the implementation of popular health education actions in schools and Basic Health Units.(AU)

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A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) é uma das principais zoonoses de ocorrência mundial, que pode levar a índices de letalidade elevados quando não instituído tratamento adequado. A doença apresenta alta prevalência em diferentes regiões brasileiras, inclusive na região norte. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento dos casos de LV notificados no estado do Pará em2018. Este trabalho compreende um estudo epidemiológico descritivo realizado com base em dados secundários disponíveis no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) sobre os casos confirmados de LV no estado do Pará no ano de 2018. Um total de 562 casos de LV foi notificado no estado do Pará em 2018, ocorrendo em 54 municípios paraenses e sendo mais prevalente em Parauapebas, Marabá e Canaã dos Carajás, no sudeste do Pará. Os meses com maiores números de casos foram fevereiro, março, maio, junho, julho, agosto e setembro, todos apresentando mais de 50 casos. A ocorrência da LV variou de acordo com a faixa etária, apresentando maiores números de notificação em crianças de um a quatro anos, seguido de adultos de 20 a 39 anos. Quando avaliado o sexo, homens foram mais acometidos por LV que as mulheres. Em 2018, o estado do Pará notificou elevados números de casos de LV, especialmente em crianças de um a quatro anos, em homens e habitantes da região Sudeste do estado. Observou-se ainda que a ocorrência foi maior entre os meses de maio a julho.(AU)

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the main zoonoses worldwide, which can lead to high lethality rates when adequate treatment is not instituted. The disease has a high prevalence in different Brazilian regions, including the northern region. The objective of this work was to carry out a survey of the cases of VL notified in the state of Pará in 2018. This work comprises a descriptive epidemiological study carried out based on secondary data available in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) on the confirmed cases of VL in the state of Pará in the year 2018. A total of 562 cases of VL were reported in the state of Pará in 2018, occurring in 54 municipalities in Pará and being more prevalent in Parauapebas, Marabá and Canaã dos Carajás, in the southeast of Pará. The months with the highest number of cases were February, March, May, June, July, August and September, all presenting more than 50 cases. The occurrence of VL varied according to the age group, with higher numbers of notification in children aged one to four years, followed by adults aged 20 to 39 years. When gender was assessed, men were more affected by VL than women. In 2018, the state of Pará reported high numbers of cases of VL, especially in children aged one to four years, in men, and inhabitants of the southeastern region of the state. It was also observed that the occurrence was greater between the months of May to July.(AU)

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A serious public health problem, American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a widely distributed anthropozoonosis caused by protozoa Leishmania spp. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis Americana in Manhuaçu, MG from 2010 through 2015. A descriptive, retrospective and ecological study of the confirmed cases of ATL was carried out based on age, sex, place of dwelling, type of entry (new diagnosis or recurrence), and clinical form of the disease as recorded in the Brazilian system of notifiable disease – Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). The first quarter of the years higher witnessed the highest numbers of notifications. All 58 notifications corresponded to new diagnoses, most of which in the cutaneous form (95%), in males (76%), in inhabitants of the rural area (86%), and in people aged 20-59 years old (60%). Thus, the epidemiological profile of ATL in Manhuaçu indicates that males aged between 20 and 59 years old and living in rural areas are more likely to get infected. The epidemiological profile of ATL is an important step to promote adequate health surveillance and prevent the disease in the region.

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A serious public health problem, American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a widely distributed anthropozoonosis caused by protozoa Leishmania spp. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis Americana in Manhuaçu, MG from 2010 through 2015. A descriptive, retrospective and ecological study of the confirmed cases of ATL was carried out based on age, sex, place of dwelling, type of entry (new diagnosis or recurrence), and clinical form of the disease as recorded in the Brazilian system of notifiable disease Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). The first quarter of the years higher witnessed the highest numbers of notifications. All 58 notifications corresponded to new diagnoses, most of which in the cutaneous form (95%), in males (76%), in inhabitants of the rural area (86%), and in people aged 20-59 years old (60%). Thus, the epidemiological profile of ATL in Manhuaçu indicates that males aged between 20 and 59 years old and living in rural areas are more likely to get infected. The epidemiological profile of ATL is an important step to promote adequate health surveillance and prevent the disease in the region.(AU)

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BACKGROUND: Following socio-economic turmoil in Venezuela, millions of the Venezuelan people are migrating to the neighboring Latin American countries including Brazil. Besides the social and economic burden of these migrants, Brazil must manage the health-related issues arising as consequence of these Venezuelan migrants. Poor health services in Venezuela along with unhygienic travelling conditions, lack of food (malnutrition) and potable water, unhealthy and overcrowded refugee camps or shelters, poor availability of medical services have made the migrant Venezuelan population susceptible to various diseases, especially infectious diseases. SINAN system is a health-related system in Brazil that keeps track of different health occurrences in the society and allows health care workers and policymakers free access to these data. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the emergence of infectious diseases as a consequence of the arrival of Venezuelans immigrants in Brazil and to assess the importance of SINAN for epidemiological surveillance. METHODS: Observational retrospective study. Data were collected from the SINAN system between 2015 and 2017 and was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Mann-Whitney test (using SPSS tool version 12). Evaluated infectious diseases in this study were tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HIV/AIDS, syphilis, viral hepatitis, leishmaniasis, and malaria. RESULTS: STIs were the most commonly reported diseases. Compared to Brazilians, Venezuelan migrants reported significantly higher number of HIV/Aids (p < 0.046) and leishmaniasis cases (p < 0.049), while Brazilians reported significantly higher number of hepatitis cases (p < 0.046). Malaria was also more prevalent among Venezuelan migrants than native Brazilians. CONCLUSION: Increased incidence of infectious diseases among the migrant population should be considered seriously as lack of adequate control of these diseases might lead to outbreaks.

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BACKGROUND: This paper aims to highlight and analyze discrepancies in reporting of deaths due to venomous animals in Brazil, from 2001 to 2015, between two national information systems: The Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN) and the Mortality Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade - SIM). METHODS: Descriptive and comparative study of the SINAN and SIM information systems, was conducted via the following steps: collecting the death notices from SINAN and SIM; constructing tables and comparative graphics; and, only in scorpion sting fatalities, analyzing the distribution of deaths by age group as described in the specialized literature. RESULTS: While SINAN identifies strong growth in the number of deaths from scorpion stings, SIM shows greater increase in the number of reported deaths from bee stings, especially in the South and Southeast regions. Notably, bees are the sole etiological agent that received more reports in SIM than in SINAN for every year in the period studied. The age-group distribution of the data on deaths from scorpion stings reinforced the indication of problems occurring in their registration in SINAN, especially since 2007, which may have an effect on analyses based on these data. CONCLUSION: Comparative analysis of these databases permits identification of important differences between profiles presented by these systems, which have equal relevance for Brazil as a whole and for its regions. These differences may influence the construction of various scenarios.

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Este estudo objetivou quantificar e caracterizar os atendimentos antirrábicos humanos notificados à Vigilância Epidemiológica do município de Blumenau/Santa Catarina de acordo com as espécies agressoras entre 2007 e 2017. Coletaram-se dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) analisando-se a espécie do animal agressor, sua condição, agressão provocada e situação final do animal. No período estudado houve um total de 10918 notificações de acidentes antirrábicos humanos. Lesões únicas causadas mais frequentemente por cães foram os agravos mais notificados durante o período e a maioria encontrava-se saudável no momento da agressão. Sugere-se campanhas educativas no município a fim de reduzir o número de mordeduras e ampliar a prevenção dessa doença que causa tanto impacto à população e que pode ser prevenida com êxito.

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Background: This paper aims to highlight and analyze discrepancies in reporting of deaths due to venomous animals in Brazil, from 2001 to 2015, between two national information systems: The Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN) and the Mortality Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade - SIM). Methods: Descriptive and comparative study of the SINAN and SIM information systems, was conducted via the following steps: collecting the death notices from SINAN and SIM; constructing tables and comparative graphics; and, only in scorpion sting fatalities, analyzing the distribution of deaths by age group as described in the specialized literature. Results: While SINAN identifies strong growth in the number of deaths from scorpion stings, SIM shows greater increase in the number of reported deaths from bee stings, especially in the South and Southeast regions. Notably, bees are the sole etiological agent that received more reports in SIM than in SINAN for every year in the period studied. The age-group distribution of the data on deaths from scorpion stings reinforced the indication of problems occurring in their registration in SINAN, especially since 2007, which may have an effect on analyses based on these data. Conclusion: Comparative analysis of these databases permits identification of important differences between profiles presented by these systems, which have equal relevance for Brazil as a whole and for its regions. These differences may influence the construction of various scenarios.(AU)

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As agressões provocadas por animais domésticos, em especial por cães e gatos, constituem-se em um problema sério de saúde pública no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características das agressões ocorridas em municípios com mais de 20 mil habitantes na Região Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Realizou-se um levantamento em arquivos de dados oficiais da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo, tendo como base os anos de 2008 a 2013. Ocorreram 9.411 casos de agressões por animais domésticos predominantemente na área urbana dos municípios. As agressões por cães foram as mais notificadas (83,3%), seguidas por gatos (12,7%) e outros animais (4%), em sua maioria domiciliados. Registrou-se aumento dos casos de agressões durante o período de estudo, mantendo-se constante a relação entre agressões por cães domiciliados e não domiciliados. Houve uma distribuição uniforme entre o gênero dos agredidos sendo masculino (50,13%) e feminino (49,87), com uma maior frequência na faixa etária entre 0 -14 (30,06%), em todos os municípios analisados. Em crianças e adolescentes abaixo de 14 anos houve predominância de ferimentos em membros inferiores, cabeça e pescoço, enquanto que em maiores de 14 anos, a maior ocorrência foi em mãos/pés e membros inferiores. As mordeduras corresponderam a 85,39% dos casos notificados e as arranhaduras 11,37%. Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os municípios da região estudada em relação à incidência das agressões e à sua distribuição entre os gêneros.

Aggressions caused by domestic animals, especially cats and dogs, are still a serious public health issue in Brazil. Our objective was to evaluate the characteristics of aggressions registered in some towns of the Northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Data from 9,411 cases of aggressions caused by pets reported during the period between 2008 and 2013 were obtained from the State Surveillance Center. Aggressions caused by dogs were the most frequently reported (83.3%), followed by cats (12.7%) and other animals (4%). All the studied town shad an increase in the cases during the studied period, ranging from 10.5% to 41.9%, while the relationship between aggressions from domiciled and free roaming dogs remained constant. In general, the incidence of aggressions did not differ between man (50.1%) and woman (49.9) but a higher incidence in the group aging between 0 -14 (30.06) was seen. In children and teenagers (<14 years old) we observed a predominance of injuries in the lower limbs, followed by the head/neck and hands/feet whereas, in those over 14 years old, the highest occurrence was in hands/feet and lower limbs. 85.4% of the reported cases were bites and 11.4% were scratches. Statistically significant differences were observed between the municipalities in the study area in the incidence of aggressions and the genders distribution.

Los ataques causados por animales domésticos, especialmente para los perros y los gatos, se encuentran en un problema grave de salud pública en Brasil. El objetivo de la presente pesquisa fue evaluar las características de ataques ocurridos en municipios con más de 20 mil habitantes en la Región Noroeste del Estado de San Pablo. Hemos realizado una encuesta en los ficheros de datos oficiales de la Secretaría de Salud del Estado de San Pablo, con base en los años 2008-2013. Se presentaron 9.411 casos de agresiones por animales domésticos predominantemente en área urbana de los municipios. Las agresiones de perros fueron notificado con mayor frecuencia (83,3%), seguido de los gatos (12,7%) y otros animales (4%), en su mayoría domiciliados. Se registró un aumento de los casos de agresión durante el período de estudio, manteniendo constante la proporción de ataques de perros domésticos y no domiciliados. Los ataques ocurrieron uniformemente entre los géneros masculino (50,13%) y femenino (49,87), con mayor frecuencia entre las edades de 0 -14 (30,06%). En los niños y adolescentes menores de 14 años hubo un predominio de las lesiones en las extremidades inferiores, cabeza y cuello, mientras que en más de 14 años, la más alta ocurrencia fue en manos/pies y extremidades inferiores. Las mordeduras correspondieron a 85,39% de las notificaciones y los arañazos a 11,37%. Las principales diferencias observadas entre los municipios estudiados fueron en relación a la incidencia de agresiones y distribución entre los géneros.

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This paper aims to highlight and analyze discrepancies in reporting of deaths due to venomous animals in Brazil, from 2001 to 2015, between two national information systems: The Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN) and the Mortality Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade - SIM). Methods: Descriptive and comparative study of the SINAN and SIM information systems, was conducted via the following steps: collecting the death notices from SINAN and SIM; constructing tables and comparative graphics; and, only in scorpion sting fatalities, analyzing the distribution of deaths by age group as described in the specialized literature. Results: While SINAN identifies strong growth in the number of deaths from scorpion stings, SIM shows greater increase in the number of reported deaths from bee stings, especially in the South and Southeast regions. Notably, bees are the sole etiological agent that received more reports in SIM than in SINAN for every year in the period studied. The age-group distribution of the data on deaths from scorpion stings reinforced the indication of problems occurring in their registration in SINAN, especially since 2007, which may have an effect on analyses based on these data. Conclusion: Comparative analysis of these databases permits identification of important differences between profiles presented by these systems, which have equal relevance for Brazil as a whole and for its regions. These differences may influence the construction of various scenarios.(AU)

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Syphilis infection remains an alarming public health problem worldwide. METHODS: This study analyzed syphilis cases listed in the Information System on Diseases of Compulsory Declaration (SINAN) of Mato Grosso do Sul state in Brazil between January 2013 and December 2014. RESULTS: Most of the evaluated syphilis cases would have been preventable through public education, particularly congenital syphilis in children of previously diagnosed mothers and infection by untreated sexual partners. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of syphilis could be reduced by improving prevention through counselling on the risk of infection, improving access to condoms, and increasing the frequency of diagnostic tests.

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