RESUMO
Radish powder (0.5 and 1.0%) and oregano essential oil (OEO) (100 mg/kg) were applied in fermented cooked sausages without the addition of nitrite. The products were evaluated along processing and storage at 4 °C and 20 °C during 30 and 60 days. Carvacrol (77.19%), p-cymene (8.78%), γ-terpinene (4.78%) and thymol (3.53%) were the main compounds identified in OEO, which are responsible for its antioxidant capacity. The use of radish powder resulted in an adequate development of colour (12.5-13.5 for a*), nitrite formation (1.9-2.4 mg/kg), pH (5.0-5.2), aw (0.91-0.92), weight loss (35.8-37.7%) and texture (70-75 N) properties for this type of fermented meat products, and it was also efficient in the decrease of mesophilic bacteria counts (2.3-2.4 log CFU/g in samples with 0.5% radish powder). Sensory analysis showed the consumer's preference regarding aroma for treatments added of OEO and no differences were found in overall acceptance among all treatments, indicating that despite the absence of synthetic nitrite in formulations, the combination of radish powder and OEO was approved by the consumers. However, lipid oxidation was not controlled during storage, since higher TBARS values were found in nitrite-free treated sausages, especially in those stored at 20 °C (2.80 mg MDA/kg in samples with 1% radish powder). Therefore, the use of radish powder and OEO showed promising results to development of fermented cooked sausages from a natural source of nitrite, mainly regarding their physicochemical stability and sensory acceptance.
Assuntos
Produtos da Carne , Óleos Voláteis , Origanum , Raphanus , Produtos da Carne/análise , Nitritos , PósRESUMO
Radish powder and chitosan were evaluated in fermented cooked sausages to replace sodium nitrite. Treatments of fermented cooked sausages were prepared and evaluated during the ripening process and storage time: control (150 ppm nitrite, CONT); and two levels of chitosan (0.25%, CHI1) and (0.5%, CHI2) with radish powder (0.5%) and without the addition of nitrite. During storage, pieces sliced or not were also evaluated regarding the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory. Pure chitosan was evaluated regarding determination of MIC and MBC to Enterobacter aerogenes, Listeria innocua and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and antioxidant capacity. The addition of chitosan increased aw and decreased weight loss of fermented sausages along processing, but pH was not affected during ripening. Except for aroma, sensory attributes were affected by the addition of chitosan. The addition of 0.5% radish powder and 0.25% chitosan showed promising results to development of nitrite-free fermented cooked sausages, mainly regarding their physicochemical and microbiological stability.