RESUMO
Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of suspended particulate organic matter and seawater biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured along a coastal transect during summer 2015 to investigate pollution impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall close to Salvador, Brazil. Impacts of untreated sewage discharge were evident at the outfall site by depleted δ(13)Corg and δ(15)N signatures and 4-fold increased BOD rates. Pollution effects of a sewage plume were detectable for more than 6km downstream from the outfall site, as seasonal wind- and tide-driven shelf hydrodynamics facilitated its advective transport into near-shore waters. There, sewage pollution was detectable at recreational beaches by depleted stable isotope signatures and elevated BOD rates at high tides, suggesting high bacterial activity and increased infection risk by human pathogens. These findings indicate the urgent necessity for appropriate wastewater treatment in Salvador to achieve acceptable standards for released effluents and coastal zone water quality.
Assuntos
Esgotos , Qualidade da Água , Brasil , Monitoramento Ambiental , Água do Mar/microbiologiaRESUMO
Astyanax goyacensis Eigenmann, 1908 is redescribed based on the holotype and 25 topotypes. The species belongs to the A. bimaculatus species complex, sharing with those species a black, horizontally ovate, humeral spot (the most conspicuous feature of this complex), two diffuse vertical brown bars in the humeral area (the first through humeral spot and the second 2-3 scales behind), and black medium caudal-fin rays. Furthermore, A. goyacensis possesses a black stripe extending along midlateral body portion, more conspicuous in alcohol preserved specimens. These characteristics allow its inclusion in the putative "black lateral stripe" sub-group of A. bimaculatus species complex. From the species of this complex it differs by the black lateral stripe shape, pattern of chromatophores on the flank, coloration of the caudal fin, scales on the lateral line, branched rays on anal fin, eye diameter, and caudal peduncle depth. Comments about the color pattern in Astyanax bimaculatus species complex are added.(AU)
Astyanax goyacensis Eigenmann, 1908 é redescrita com base no holótipo e em 25 topótipos. Esta espécie pertence ao complexo A. bimaculatus, com o qual compartilha uma mancha umeral negra ovalada horizontalmente (a mais conspícua característica do complexo), duas barras umerais marrons difusas (a primeira passando pela umeral oval e a segunda, 2-3 escamas atrás) e raios caudais medianos negros. Além disso, A. goyacensis possui uma faixa lateral negra estendida ao longo da porção mediana do corpo, mais conspícua nos exemplares conservados em álcool. Essas características permitem incluí-la no suposto sub-grupo "faixa lateral negra" do complexo bimaculatus. Das espécies desse complexo ela difere pela forma da faixa lateral negra, padrão de cromatóforos no flanco, coloração da nadadeira caudal, escamas na linha lateral, raios ramificados na nadadeira anal, diâmetro do olho e altura do pedúnculo caudal. São adicionados comentários sobre o padrão de coloração nas espécies do complexo A. bimaculatus.(AU)
Assuntos
Characidae/classificação , Characidae/genéticaRESUMO
Astyanax goyacensis Eigenmann, 1908 is redescribed based on the holotype and 25 topotypes. The species belongs to the A. bimaculatus species complex, sharing with those species a black, horizontally ovate, humeral spot (the most conspicuous feature of this complex), two diffuse vertical brown bars in the humeral area (the first through humeral spot and the second 2-3 scales behind), and black medium caudal-fin rays. Furthermore, A. goyacensis possesses a black stripe extending along midlateral body portion, more conspicuous in alcohol preserved specimens. These characteristics allow its inclusion in the putative "black lateral stripe" sub-group of A. bimaculatus species complex. From the species of this complex it differs by the black lateral stripe shape, pattern of chromatophores on the flank, coloration of the caudal fin, scales on the lateral line, branched rays on anal fin, eye diameter, and caudal peduncle depth. Comments about the color pattern in Astyanax bimaculatus species complex are added.(AU)
Astyanax goyacensis Eigenmann, 1908 é redescrita com base no holótipo e em 25 topótipos. Esta espécie pertence ao complexo A. bimaculatus, com o qual compartilha uma mancha umeral negra ovalada horizontalmente (a mais conspícua característica do complexo), duas barras umerais marrons difusas (a primeira passando pela umeral oval e a segunda, 2-3 escamas atrás) e raios caudais medianos negros. Além disso, A. goyacensis possui uma faixa lateral negra estendida ao longo da porção mediana do corpo, mais conspícua nos exemplares conservados em álcool. Essas características permitem incluí-la no suposto sub-grupo "faixa lateral negra" do complexo bimaculatus. Das espécies desse complexo ela difere pela forma da faixa lateral negra, padrão de cromatóforos no flanco, coloração da nadadeira caudal, escamas na linha lateral, raios ramificados na nadadeira anal, diâmetro do olho e altura do pedúnculo caudal. São adicionados comentários sobre o padrão de coloração nas espécies do complexo A. bimaculatus.(AU)