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Introduction: Integrating genetic data into conservation management decisions is a challenging task that requires strong partnerships between researchers and managers. Conservation in Latin America is of crucial relevance worldwide given the high biodiversity levels and the presence of hotspots in this region. Methods: We conducted a survey across Latin America to identify gaps and opportunities between genetic researchers and conservation managers. We aimed to better understand conservation managers' points of view and how genetic research could help conservation practitioners to achieve their goals, by implementing genetic assessments that could effectively inform conservation practices. We distributed an online survey via four regional collaborating organizations and 32 focal points based in 20 Latin American countries. The target respondents were conservation managers of species or areas in Latin America. Results: We collected a total of 468 answered questionnaires from 21 Latin American countries. Most respondents (44%) were from an academic or research institution while non-academics were mainly from non-governmental institutions (30%) and government agencies (25%). Most respondents (65%) have performed or used genetic assessments in their managed area or species, either alone, in partnership, contracting someone else or using published results. For the majority of this group, the genetic results were relevant to their conservation management goals, helping to inform management decisions. Respondents that had not performed genetic assessments (35%) were mainly from the non-academic group, and their main barriers were limited access to funds, genetic lab facilities, and trained personnel to design studies and conduct lab work. Discussion: From the findings, we describe the current situation and provide a general diagnosis of the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America. We describe the gender gap, academic-practitioner co-development of conservation questions and projects, and the nationality and residency of Latin American conservation managers in relation to the countries where they work. We discuss opportunities to co-create research questions and co-develop studies based on conservation practitioners' needs. We offer recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrate genetic information into conservation actions, and advance agendas that fit the needs and realities of the highly heterogeneous, biodiverse and challenging Latin American region.

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BACKGROUND: Children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) often experience various limitations, particularly in gross motor function and activities of daily living. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that has been used to improve movement, gross motor function, and activities of daily living. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the potential additional effects of physiotherapy combined with tDCS in children with CP in comparison with physiotherapy only. METHODS: This is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial that will compare the effects of tDCS as an adjunctive treatment during rehabilitation sessions to rehabilitation without tDCS. Children with CP classified by the Gross Motor Function Classification System as levels I and II will be randomly assigned to either the sham + rehabilitation group or the tDCS + rehabilitation group. The primary outcome will be the motor skills assessed using the Gross Motor Function Measure domain E scores, and the secondary outcome will be the measurement scores of the children's quality of life. The intervention will consist of a 10-day stimulation protocol with tDCS spread over 2 weeks, with stimulation or sham tDCS administered for 20 minutes at a frequency of 1 Hz, in combination with physiotherapy. Physical therapy exercises will be conducted in a circuit based on each child's baseline Gross Motor Function Measure results. The participants' changes will be evaluated and compared in both groups. Intervenient features will be tested. RESULTS: Data collection is ongoing and is expected to be completed by January 2025. A homogeneous sample and clear outcomes may be a highlight of this protocol, which may allow us to understand the potential use of tDCS and for whom it should or should not be used. CONCLUSIONS: A study with good evidence and clear outcomes in children with CP might open an avenue for the potential best use of neurostimulation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-104h4s4y; https://tinyurl.com/47r3x2e4. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/52922.

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Microplastics (MPs) composed of different polymers with various shapes, within a vast granulometric distribution (1 µm - 5 mm) and with a wide variety of physicochemical surface and bulk characteristics spiral around the globe, with different atmospheric, oceanic, cryospheric, and terrestrial residence times, while interacting with other pollutants and biota. The challenges of microplastic pollution are related to the complex relationships between the microplastic generation mechanisms (physical, chemical, and biological), their physicochemical properties, their interactions with other pollutants and microorganisms, the changes in their properties with aging, and their small sizes that facilitate their diffusion and transportation between the air, water, land, and biota, thereby promoting their ubiquity. Early career researchers (ERCs) constitute an essential part of the scientific community committed to overcoming the challenges of microplastic pollution with their new ideas and innovative scientific perspectives for the development of remediation technologies. However, because of the enormous amount of scientific information available, it may be difficult for ERCs to determine the complexity of this environmental issue. This mini-review aims to provide a quick and updated overview of the essential insights of microplastic pollution to ERCs to help them acquire the background needed to develop highly innovative physical, chemical, and biological remediation technologies, as well as valorization proposals and environmental education and awareness campaigns. Moreover, the recommendations for the development of holistic microplastic pollution remediation strategies presented here can help ERCs propose technologies considering the environmental, social, and practical dimensions of microplastic pollution while fulfilling the current government policies to manage this plastic waste.

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Ecophysiology and herpetology share a close historical relationship, but earlier work at the interface of these disciplines was carried out in temperate regions. Tropical regions like the Neotropics exhibit the highest species richness for amphibians and reptiles, but the pace for ecophysiological research on tropical herpetofauna has been slower relative to temperate counterparts. We are a group of early-career, Latin American researchers interested in the physiological diversity exhibited by neotropical herpetofauna. As such, we have engaged in the organization of the Symposium on the Ecophysiology of Neotropical Amphibians and Reptiles (ECOPHYSHERP) to integrate the scientific community interested on these topics. ECOPHYSHERP has been held three times already within the Colombian Congress of Herpetology, and collectively it has hosted >60 contributions from researchers at 26 institutions and eight countries. Participation has been diverse in terms of gender, age, and career stage, but most participants have been young undergraduate biology students. This generation of early-career researchers is producing excellent research in a broad range of topics, but difficulties to convert this research into scientific publications may exist. Identifying and contributing in order to solve such problems are priorities for this organizing committee, and also our endeavours towards ECOPHYSHERP 4.0 in Santa Marta in 2025.

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Creating a writing club allowed a Brazilian PhD student to confront her fears, improve her English and, ultimately, change the way she sees research.

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Brazil would benefit from a long-term strategy for science and innovation that improves the standing of both science and scientists in the country.

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Many papers offer methods for preparing a systematic literature review. These methods assume that the researchers have some experience in research, are proficient in English, and that the research objective is solely a literature review. This article presents a systematic method for preparing a literature review aimed at novice researchers who have four to twelve weeks to develop their work and do not have the guidance of a professor. Originality is associated with the objective of the literature review. The proposed method aims to elaborate the literature section of a technical article, while the other methods aim to elaborate a literature review article. The method's flexible structure allows for increasing the depth of the results according to the researcher's capacity. Another innovation of the presented method consists of a structure that allows the simultaneous consideration of international and national literature.•This paper introduces a systematized method to guide novice researchers in preparing the literature review section of their research.•The method has an easy-to-follow structure that does not require the novice researcher to follow up with a professor.•The method allows adjusting the depth level of the international literature review through the number of articles subject to content analysis, exploring the international and national literature through a set of materials (graphs, forms, and figures) that facilitate and speed up the elaboration, synthesis, and presentation of the results.

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Esta pesquisa foi conduzida entre idosos que viviam em Instituições de Longa Permanência (ILPI) filantrópicas de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais e incluiu um estudo transversal e uma pesquisa qualitativa para avaliar a percepção dos pesquisadores sobre o trabalho de campo. O estudo transversal investigou a relação entre indicadores de saúde bucal (perda dentária e performance mastigatória), de higiene bucal (saburra lingual e nível de dependência para higiene bucal) com a condição nutricional e estado funcional de idosos de 60 anos ou mais que viviam nas ILPI. A coleta de dados foi por consulta ao prontuário e entrevista com os idosos ou seus proxies, exames físico e bucal, conduzidos por 6 pesquisadores treinados (kappa: 0,73-0,95). A variável dependente foi o estado funcional dos idosos, analisado como uma variável latente (fragilidade, incapacidade em atividades e participação, nível de dependência funcional e sarcopenia). A circunferência da panturrilha indicou a condição nutricional. Entre as variáveis de saúde bucal estavam número de dentes naturais, higiene (saburra lingual), performance mastigatória (grau de mistura de cores de chiclete) e dependência para higiene bucal. Sexo, idade e número de comorbidades foram covariáveis. Relações entre variáveis foi avaliada por modelo de equações estruturais. Dos 307 idosos identificados, 295 tiveram a condição funcional avaliada e 194 passaram por exame bucal. A maioria dos idosos era frágil ou préfrágil, com alto grau de incapacidade e dependência, e quase metade apresentava baixa força muscular. A dependência na escovação e o acúmulo de biofilme foram relacionados a pior estado funcional, enquanto uma circunferência maior da panturrilha se associou a menor declínio funcional. Embora a performance mastigatória e o número de dentes não mostraram relação direta com o estado funcional, um maior número de dentes naturais se relacionou positivamente com melhor performance mastigatória que, por sua vez, relacionou-se com maior circunferência de panturrilha. Houve relação significativa indireta entre número de dentes naturais e circunferência de panturrilha mediada pela performance mastigatória. Conclui-se que pior condição de saúde bucal está associada a pior condição funcional em idosos que vivem em ILPI. Os seis pesquisadores realizaram registros sobre as impressões pessoais e a percepção sobre o trabalho de campo em um diário, que compôs o corpus da análise do estudo qualitativo. Pesquisadores preencheram também um formulário com perguntas abertas relatando suas experiências significativas no último mês de coleta. O material obtido foi organizado, lido exaustivamente e submetido à análise de conteúdo por dois pesquisadores. Os temas identificados foram: adesão das ILPI à pesquisa; rotina institucional no andamento da pesquisa; abordagem orientada pelo perfil clínico-funcional; papel central do cuidador; habilidades do pesquisador e cuidados bucais nas ILPI. Na percepção dos pesquisadores, os coordenadores das ILPI preocupam-se com os benefícios da pesquisa para os idosos e que seja conduzida sem comprometer a rotina institucional. O cuidador constitui-se em fonte central de informação e orienta o melhor manejo do idoso, que, frequentemente, apresenta problemas físicos, mentais/emocionais que dificultam a comunicação e a abordagem, demandando conhecimento e múltiplas habilidades do pesquisador (empatia, sensibilidade, escuta). A organização dos materiais, registro e fluxo da coleta é fundamental para torná-la mais eficiente em relação ao tempo e menos desgastante para os idosos e pesquisadores. A pesquisa no contexto de ILPI entre idosos com comprometimento clínico-funcional apresenta desafios metodológicos e operacionais específicos, demandando múltiplas habilidades do pesquisador.

This research was conducted among older people living in philanthropic Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF) in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The cross-sectional study investigated the association between oral health indicators, oral hygiene, and the level of dependence on oral hygiene with the nutritional condition and functional status of older peoples aged 60 years or more living in LTCF. Data collection involved reviewing medical records, conducting interviews with the elderly residents or their proxies, and performing physical and oral examinations. These examinations were carried out by six trained researchers (kappa: 0.73-0.95). The dependent variable was the functional condition of the elderly, which was determined through the assessment of frailty, impairment in activities and participation, level of functional dependence, and sarcopenia. The functional status served as the dependent variable, evaluated as a latent construct resulting from frailty, disability, functional dependence, and sarcopenia. Meanwhile, calf circumference indicated the nutritional condition. The oral health variables included the number of natural teeth, oral hygiene, chewing performance, and dependence on oral hygiene. Gender, age, and the number of comorbidities were considered as covariates. The relationships between these variables were assessed using structural equation modeling. Out of the 307 identified older people, 295 had their functional condition assessed, and 194 underwent oral examinations. The majority of the older people were either frail or pre-frail, with a high degree of disability and dependence, and half of them exhibited low muscle strength. The analysis revealed that dependence on brushing and the accumulation of biofilm were associated with greater functional impairment. Additionally, a larger calf circumference was linked to less functional decline. A higher number of natural teeth was positively related to better chewing performance, which, in turn, was associated with a larger calf circumference. There was a significant indirect relationship between the number of natural teeth and calf circumference, mediated by chewing performance. It can be concluded that a poor oral health condition is associated with worse functional status in older peolpe living in LTCF. Six researchers documented their personal impressions about the fieldwork in a diary, which was used as the corpus for the qualitative study analysis. Researchers filled out a questionnaire with open-ended questions, reporting their significant experiences during the last month of data collection. The material was subjected to content analysis by two researchers. The identified themes included: LTCF adherence to the research; institutional routine in the research process; an approach guided by clinical-functional profiles; the central role of caregivers; researcher skills, and oral care in LTCF. Research in the context of LTCF among elderly individuals with clinical-functional impairments presents specific methodological and operational challenges, requiring a diverse skill set from the researche.

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This text discusses the Critical Collaborative Research known in Brazil as PCCol ­ Pesquisa Crítica de Colaboração - which is a practical-theoretical approach used in the development of investigations that focus on understanding and often challenging knowledge production and actions so as to promote de organization of decolonial-and-inclusive schools. Standing on Marxian, Vygotskian and Freirean underpinnings, the text was written from the recordings of two classes delivered by the authors in a Graduate Course called Critical Research Methodologies, with participation of some guest professors, such as Maria Cecilia Camargo Magalhães, who also authors this paper. The text is organized from the speeches of the authors on two occasions in which they collaboratively delivered lessons about PCCol, as well as the questions and interventions from the other course participants. The writing procedure interweaves speeches, treated as data, and their analyses, treated as the actual discussion of some of the concepts that base the Research Methodology itself, and that include relational and transformational agency, the Freirean notion of data production from the South rather than the North, professional practice that is personal and collectively responsive, but more specifically, we will discuss the role played by language for the implementation of collaborative interactions, as well as how this type of language is organized. (AU)

Este texto discute a Pesquisa Crítica de Colaboração (PCCol), uma abordagem prático-teórica utilizada no desenvolvimento de trabalhos voltados à compreensão de conhecimentos e modos de agir, assim como ao questionamento destes, de modos a promover a formação de uma escola decolonial-e-inclusiva. De base marxiana, freiriana e vygotskiana, o texto foi escrito a partir de duas aulas ministradas no Curso "Critical Research Methodologies", com a presença de professores convidados como a segunda autora deste texto, Maria Cecília C. Magalhães. O presente artigo foi organizado a partir das falas e perguntas dos participantes das duas aulas ministradas por Fidalgo e Magalhães sobre a PCCol, que foram gravadas e transcritas. Em outras palavras, o artigo trará dados produzidos das exposições teórico-metodológicas das apresentadoras e das perguntas e intervenções dos demais participantes, intercaladas de discussão epistemo-metodológica dos conceitos que embasam a PCCol, tais como desenvolvimento da agência relacional e transformadora, a emergência de uma prática profissional pessoal e coletiva responsiva, mas mais fortemente sobre o papel da linguagem na colaboração e como esta se organiza. (AU)

Ese texto aborda la Investigación Colaborativa Crítica (PCCol), cuál enfoque teórico-práctico utilizado en el desarrollo de trabajos destinados a comprender saberes y modos de actuar, así como cuestionarlos, de manera que promuevan la formación de una escuela descolonial-e-inclusiva. Con base marxista, freireana y vygotskiana, el material ha sido escrito a partir de dos clases dictadas en el Curso "Metodologías de Investigación Crítica", además de profesores invitados como la segunda autora de este texto, Maria Cecília C. Magalhães. El presente artículo fue organizado a partir de las charlas, intervenciones y preguntas de los participantes de las dos clases impartidas por Fidalgo y Magalhães acerca de la PCCol, que han sido grabadas y transcritas. En otros términos, el artículo traerá datos producidos a partir de las exposiciones teórico-metodológicas de los expositores y de las preguntas e intervenciones de los demás participantes, interpuestos con una discusión epistemológica-metodológica de los conceptos que subyacen la PCCol, como el desarrollo de relaciones y agencia trasformadora, el surgimiento de una práctica profesional personal y colectiva comprometida, pero más fuertemente acerca del papel del lenguaje en la colaboración y cómo esa se organiza. (AU)

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Se han propuesto varios indicadores bibliométricos para evaluar el desempeño de los investigadores a nivel mundial, uno de ellos es el índice h que considera tanto el número de publicaciones como las citas recibidas, y posiciona a los investigadores según una escala propuesta por Jorge Hirsch en investigador exitoso (h=20), excelentes científicos (h=40) y como un individuo singular (h=60). El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el desempeño de investigadores paraguayos de las disciplinas de medicina, bioquímica y biología a través del Índice h de Hirsch comparando Google Scholar y Scopus. Es un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo. Se incluyeron todos los investigadores paraguayos de las áreas mencionadas cuyos datos se encontraban disponibles en Google Scholar y/o Scopus. Para la identificación inicial de los investigadores se recurrió al cvpy disponible en la página web del CONACYT, Paraguay, y se utilizó el software Publish or Perish. Se identificaron 158 investigadores, de ellos ocho están posicionados en la escala de Hirsch. El 13 % de los investigadores tuvieron un índice h igual o mayor a 10 en Google Scholar y Scopus, correspondiendo al área de medicina el valor más alto, 54 en Google Scholar y 47 en Scopus. El desempeño de los investigadores por el índice h está por debajo de la región. Existe necesidad de mayor inversión en las revistas científicas nacionales para su indexación en bases de datos que colecciona revistas de mayor impacto.

Several bibliometric indicators have been proposed to evaluate the performance of researchers worldwide, one of them is the h index that takes into account both the number of publications and citations, and ranks researchers according to a scale proposed by Jorge Hirsch in successful researcher (h=20), excellent scientists (h=40) and as a singular individual (h=60). The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of Paraguayan researchers from the disciplines of medicine, biochemistry and biology through the Hirsch h-Index comparing Google Scholar and Scopus. All Paraguayan researchers from the aforementioned areas whose data were available in Google Scholar and/or Scopus were included. It is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. For the initial identification of the researchers, the cvpy available on the CONACYT, Paraguay website was used, and the Publish or Perish software was used. 158 researchers were identified, eight of them are positioned on the Hirsch scale. 13% of researchers had an h index equal to or greater than 10 in Google Scholar and Scopus, with the highest value corresponding to the area of ​​medicine, 54 in Google Scholar and 47 in Scopus. Researchers mostly publish in low-impact national journals with few citations. The performance of the researchers by the h-index is below the region. There is a need for greater investment in national scientific journals for their indexing in databases that collect journals with higher impact.

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This is a bibliometric analysis of the most-cited articles on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the objective of identifying citation patterns for researchers, journals, centers, periods, topics, and nations. A search was conducted in Thomson Reuters' WoS Core Collection employing the expression TI = (posttraumatic stress disorder OR post-traumatic stress disorder OR PTSD). The 100 most-cited articles were downloaded, and the relevant data were extracted and analyzed. These studies had a total of 69,649 citations, ranging from a minimum of 360 to a maximum of 6029 citations, with an average of 696.49, a standard deviation of 720.92, mode of 369, and a median of 512. Eighty-eight percent of the most-cited articles on PTSD originated from the USA, with just six cities accounting for 52% of the publications and the Boston area alone responsible for almost one-fifth of the total output. The universities of Yale and Harvard headed the ranking of institutions with larger numbers of highly-cited articles. Female researchers represented 42.3% of all authors, 51% of the first authors, and 48% of the corresponding authors. The proportion of M.D. authors decreased significantly between the 1980-1999 (42%) and the 2000-2019 (27.2%) periods while that of Ph.D. authors increased from 44% to 57.4%. The most studied population was military veterans (28%). Female victims of sexual or physical violence, traumatized children, and adult survivors of childhood abuse were assessed in only 6-7% of the most-cited publications. Ten clinical trials evaluated psychological interventions but only three investigated pharmacotherapy. We concluded that influential research on PTSD remains centralized in the USA. A balanced gender representation in publications was found. There was a heavy reliance on combat veterans as the study population. Few highly-cited studies on the pharmacotherapy for PTSD were identified. Focused efforts are needed to address these challenges.

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Resumen En el presente artículo, se abordan generalidades de la investigación científica y se menciona la normatividad científica y tecnológica nacional, para explicar posteriormente los requisitos considerados como productividad científica y tecnológica requerida para ingresar a un sistema que existe en nuestro país desde 1984, denominado Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI), al cual ingresan profesionales de diferentes áreas del conocimiento para formalizar y reconocer su trayectoria académica, científica y profesional. Con lo anterior, el objetivo de este artículo es hacer un análisis objetivo de la trayectoria científica del gremio médico militar con base a esa normatividad que nos permita realizar una autoevaluación y estimular a las nuevas generaciones en el ámbito científico y tecnológico para lograr una mayor consolidación de investigadores.

Abstract In this article, generalities of scientific research and the national scientific and technological regulations are mentioned, to later explain the requirements considered as scientific and technological productivity required to enter a system that has existed in our country since 1984, called the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI), to which professionals from different areas of knowledge enter to formalize and recognize their academic, scientific, and professional career. With the above, the objective of this article is to make an objective analysis of the scientific trajectory of the military medical guild based on that regulation that allows us to carry out a self-assessment and stimulate the new generations in the scientific and technological field to achieve more significant consolidation of researchers.

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Advances in Brazilian science made the country reach the 13th position in the world scientific production, and, in 2020, o Brazil was responsible for 2.39% of the world scientific production, reaching the 11th position among the countries that most published about COVID-19. The aim of this study was to contribute to and reflect on the issue of health researchers and graduate students in the scenario of COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic highlighted the importance of science in the outcome of public policies and the fragility of the research system in Brazil, where the workforce is mainly composed of graduate students, who often do not have ideal working conditions and are not included in the response plans to global public health emergencies. This text brings a reflection and a questioning on the role of health researchers and graduate students and reinforces the importance of discussing the work of researchers/scientists in a period of great uncertainty in society.

Os avanços na ciência brasileira alcançaram a 13ª posição na produção científica mundial, e, em 2020, o Brasil foi responsável por 2,39% da produção científica mundial, alcançando a 11a posição entre os países que mais publicaram sobre a COVID-19. O objetivo deste trabalho foi contribuir e refletir sobre o debate dos pesquisadores e pós-graduandos da área de saúde no cenário pandêmico da COVID-19. A pandemia da COVID-19 evidenciou a importância da ciência no desfecho de políticas públicas e a fragilidade do sistema de pesquisa no Brasil, em que a maior força de trabalho se concentra em pós-graduandos, que muitas vezes não possuem condições ideais de trabalho e não estão inseridos nos planos de resposta às emergências globais de saúde pública. Este texto traz uma reflexão e problematização sobre o papel dos pesquisadores e pós-graduandos em saúde e reforça a importância de discutir a atuação de pesquisadores/cientistas em um período de grandes incertezas na sociedade.

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Resumo Este artigo é direcionado para aspectos metodológicos implicados em uma pesquisa sobre respostas indígenas à covid-19 realizada por uma rede de pesquisadoras indígenas e não indígenas em diferentes estados brasileiros. Pretendemos compartilhar experiências e reflexões sobre limites e potencialidades de uma pesquisa realizada na pandemia e com a pandemia, já que o adoecimento experimentado nos corpos e na vida coletiva das pesquisadoras foi um agente incontornável em percursos metodológicos e analíticos, em diálogo com debates feministas sobre a tópica do cuidado.

Abstract This article is focused on methodological aspects impplied in a research on the responses of indigenous peoples to COVID-19 conducted by a network of indigenous and non-indigenous women researchers in different Brazilian states. We seek to share experiences and reflections on the limits and potentialities of a research carried out in the pandemic and with the pandemic, since the sickeness felt in the bodies and collective life of the researchers was an unavoidable agent in the methodological and analytical parcourses, in dialogue with feminist debates on the theme of care.

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BACKGROUND: GlobalSurg is an international group of researchers whose purpose is to conduct and disseminate robust collaborative, international and multicenter studies. OBJECTIVE: To expose the necessary strategies and the barriers crossed in conducting massive multicenter studies in surgery. METHOD: During the second semester of 2020, the study Surg-Week Prospective International Cohort Study was carried out. Surg-Week has been the largest international study in the field of surgery to date, with 141,582 patients included. A total of 4975 mini-teams, of between 1 and 5 members, collected data from 116 countries on all continents. RESULTS: The creation of an official website for the study, reports with relevant information via email or groups via WhatsApp, formation of a Dissemination Committee of the protocol, delivery of webinars on recent team publications, appointment of leaders at the national and international level, and outreach through partnerships, were the strategies used for the development of the research. However, the barriers turned out to involve different aspects. CONCLUSIONS: Collaborative work allows establishing networks between different professionals with the goal of improving the quality of management, health policies and care of our patients in a timely manner of constant change.

ANTECEDENTES: GlobalSurg es un grupo internacional de investigadores que tiene como propósito la conducción y la diseminación de robustos estudios colaborativos, internacionales y multicéntricos. OBJETIVO: Exponer las estrategias necesarias y las barreras encontradas en la conducción de estudios multicéntricos masivos en cirugía. MÉTODO: Durante el segundo semestre del año 2020 se llevó a cabo el estudio Surg-Week Prospective International Cohort Study, hasta la fecha el estudio internacional más grande en el campo de la cirugía, con 141,582 pacientes incluidos. Un total de 4975 miniequipos, de uno a cinco integrantes, recopilaron datos de 116 países de todos los continentes. RESULTADOS: La creación de un sitio web oficial del estudio, reportes con información relevante vía e-mail o grupos vía WhatsApp, conformación de un comité de diseminación del protocolo, dictado de webinars sobre publicaciones recientes del equipo, designación de líderes nacionales e internacionales, y la divulgación por medio de sociedades, fueron las estrategias utilizadas para el desarrollo de la investigación. Sin embargo, las barreras detectadas para llevar a cabo el estudio multicéntrico fueron variadas. CONCLUSIONES: Los trabajos colaborativos permiten establecer redes entre diferentes profesionales con el fin de mejorar la calidad de la gestión, las políticas sanitarias y la atención a los pacientes en tiempos de constante cambio.

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RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil de formação e produção científica do fisioterapeuta pesquisador brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado por meio de levantamento dos currículos profissionais cadastrados na Plataforma Lattes do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), atualizados nos últimos 5 anos. As principais variáveis analisadas foram sexo, distribuição dos fisioterapeutas pelo Brasil, tipo de instituição de graduação, local de atuação, formação complementar, produções científicas e participação em eventos. Foram encontrados 47.741 currículos, dos quais 17.864 estavam dentro dos critérios de seleção da pesquisa e foram analisados. Predominaram fisioterapeutas do sexo feminino (75,5%) e da região Sudeste (35%). A maioria é graduada em instituições privadas (75%), realizou pós-graduação lato sensu (61,4%) e trabalhou em universidades (30%). Existem diferenças entre os sexos com relação às produções, os eventos e a formação complementar, com o melhor desempenho do sexo masculino (p<0,001) - os graduados em instituição pública têm mais produções, eventos e atividades de formação complementar (p<0,001). Os profissionais graduados em instituições privadas, porém, realizam mais cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu (p=0,05). Conclui-se, portanto, que a maioria dos fisioterapeutas pesquisadores do Brasil é do sexo feminino, graduada na região Sudeste, formada em instituições privadas, realizou pós-graduação lato sensu e trabalha em universidades. Apesar da maioria feminina, os profissionais do sexo masculino e os formados em instituições públicas apresentam maior quantidade de produções, participações em eventos e formações complementares.

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ABSTRACT To evaluate the academic background and scientific productions' profile of researcher physiotherapists in Brazil. The study was cross-sectional in design and performed by analyzing the professional resumes that have been updated within the last 5 years in the Lattes Platform of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). The main variables analyzed were sex, geographical distribution, kind of undergraduate institution, working location, complementary training, scientific production, and participation in events. The analysis was carried out on 17,864 curricula which were within the selection criteria, out of a total of 47,741. There was a predominance of female therapists (75.5%) and therapists from the southeast region (35%). Most have completed their undergraduate degree in private institutions (75%) and graduate programs (61.4%), and work at universities (30%). Males perform better (p<0.001) in scientific productions, participation in events, and complementary training activities. Graduates from public institutions have more scientific productions, events, and complementary training activities (p<0.001). However, professionals that have completed their undergraduate degree in private institutions do graduate programs the most (p=0.05). Most researcher physical therapists in Brazil are females, have completed their undergraduate degrees in the Southeast region and in private institutions, have completed graduate programs and work in universities. Despite the female predominance, male professionals and those therapists who have completed their undergraduate degree from public institutions have a greater amount of scientific productions, participation in events and complementary degrees.

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Abstract This work focuses on the scientific research conducted by women at Portugal's Institute of Tropical Medicine between 1943 and 1966. The Institute's scientific journal documents the participation of women in tropical medicine during this period. Their publications addressed a variety of subjects and resulted from research carried out in the metropolis as well as Portugal's overseas colonies. Most of the articles written by these women were are co-authored by their male colleagues, reflecting the incorporation of female researchers into scientific networks already established by men. This work in progress provides a starting point to lend visibility to a group of scientific actors who are practically absent from the historiography of tropical medicine.

Resumo O foco deste trabalho é a pesquisa científica realizada por mulheres no Instituto de Medicina Tropical, em Portugal, entre 1943 e 1966. O periódico científico do Instituto documenta a participação das mulheres na medicina tropical nesse período. Suas publicações abordavam uma diversidade de temas e resultaram de pesquisas realizadas na metrópole, bem como nas colônias ultramarinas de Portugal. A maioria dos artigos escritos por mulheres contava com a coautoria de seus colegas homens, refletindo a incorporação de pesquisadoras às redes científicas já estabelecidas por homens. Este trabalho em andamento representa um ponto de partida para dar visibilidade a um grupo de atores científicos que está praticamente ausente da historiografia da medicina tropical.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The pandemic of the new coronavirus has culminated in a scientific race to seek knowledge about this virus and its treatments, vaccines and preventive strategies, in order to reduce its impact on healthcare and economics worldwide. Hence, it is important to recognize the efforts of researchers who are at the forefront of investigations relating to the new coronavirus. OBJECTIVE: The present study was carried out with the aim of analyzing the world scientific production relating to COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Exploratory and descriptive bibliometric study conducted in the city of Teresina (PI), Brazil. METHOD: ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Science (WOS) was chosen as the database. Data-gathering was carried out in May 2020. The data analysis was performed using the HistCiteTM software, version 9.8.24, and the VOSviewer bibliometric analysis software, version 1.6.8. RESULTS: 2,625 published papers that included descriptors within the scope of this investigation were identified. These articles were published in 859 different journals that are indexed in WOS, by 9,791 authors who were linked to 3,365 research institutions, located in 105 countries. CONCLUSION: Ascertaining scientific production through a bibliometric analysis is important in order to guide researchers on what has already been produced and what is being researched, so as to be able to address gaps in knowledge through future research.

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Brazil is a global agricultural commodity producer and the largest consumer of pesticides. Pesticide use in Brazil comprised 549 280 tons in 2018. In the country, soybean, corn, and sugar cane are extensively produced, which are the most pesticides demanding crops. In the last years, the records of new pesticides were the highest in the historical series. They can persist in soil or water, accumulate in organisms, and contaminate workers and the general population through the air, water, or food. This review aimed to gather toxicological data obtained by animal models exposed to 4 pesticides: glyphosate, chlorpyrifos, abamectin, and 2,4-D. An additional goal was to compose an overview of how this subject has been approached, surveying which research groups are working on this field, where they are located, and relations with pesticides used in those regions. We collected the papers from the platforms PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science, performed in Brazil from 2014 to 2019. After two-step blind selection using the software Rayyan QCRI by different authors, 67 studies were selected to extract data. We observed that research is more concentrated in the South region, followed by the Southeast and Midwest, with 43%, 32%, and 23% of the studies, respectively. The prevalent institutions are from the states of Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, and Goiás. The effects on a variety of biomarkers help predict the potential risks to humans and nontarget organisms. The prevalent animal model was fish (36%). Overall, the main toxic effects evaluated were mortality, abnormalities in the blood cells, developmental abnormalities, and behavior alterations. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:507-520. © 2020 SETAC.

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RESUMEN La formación científico-investigativa del investigador clínico está en correspondencia con la metodología para la realización de los ensayos clínicos desde la dinámica que se genera y su relación con las exigencias sociales en la actualidad. El objetivo del trabajo consistió en fundamentar teóricamente la formación científico- investigativa del investigador clínico.

ABSTRACT The scientific-investigative training of the clinical researcher is in correspondence with the methodology for conducting clinical trials from the dynamics generated and its relationship with current social demands. The objective of the work was to theoretically base the scientific-investigative training of the clinical researcher.