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El síndrome de Herlyn-Werner Wünderlich, también llamado OHVIRA por sus siglas en inglés (obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly), es una anomalía congénita mülleriana poco frecuente que se caracteriza por la asociación entre útero didelfo, hemivagina obstruida y agenesia renal ipsilateral. La presentación clínica más común es la masa abdominal secundaria a hematocolpos, dolor y dismenorrea. Se asocia a infertilidad, endometriosis, alteraciones menstruales y obstétricas. La ecografía es la técnica de elección para la evaluación inicial, mientras que la resonancia magnética sigue siendo el método más exacto para el diagnóstico. La septotomía vaginal es el tratamiento recomendado. Se describen 2 casos clínicos con el objetivo de destacar la importancia del diagnóstico temprano para evitar las posibles complicaciones futuras.

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA), is a rare, congenital Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by the association of septate uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The most common clinical presentation is an abdominal mass secondary to hematocolpos, pain, and dysmenorrhea. It is associated with infertility, endometriosis, and menstrual and obstetric alterations. The ultrasound is the technique of choice for the initial assessment, while the magnetic resonance imaging remains the most accurate method for diagnosis. The resection of the vaginal septum is the recommended treatment. Here we describe 2 clinical cases to highlight the importance of an early diagnosis to prevent potential complications in the future.

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The Renal Anhydramnios Fetal Therapy (RAFT) trial is a study of serial amnioinfusions to prevent lethal neonatal pulmonary hypoplasia from early renal anhydramnios. Infant neurologic outcomes were not originally evaluated. We describe the high incidence of stroke observed among infants in the treatment arm of the trial at our center.

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Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA), is a rare, congenital Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by the association of septate uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The most common clinical presentation is an abdominal mass secondary to hematocolpos, pain, and dysmenorrhea. It is associated with infertility, endometriosis, and menstrual and obstetric alterations. The ultrasound is the technique of choice for the initial assessment, while the magnetic resonance imaging remains the most accurate method for diagnosis. The resection of the vaginal septum is the recommended treatment. Here we describe 2 clinical cases to highlight the importance of an early diagnosis to prevent potential complications in the future.

El síndrome de Herlyn-Werner Wünderlich, también llamado OHVIRA por sus siglas en inglés (obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly), es una anomalía congénita mülleriana poco frecuente que se caracteriza por la asociación entre útero didelfo, hemivagina obstruida y agenesia renal ipsilateral. La presentación clínica más común es la masa abdominal secundaria a hematocolpos, dolor y dismenorrea. Se asocia a infertilidad, endometriosis, alteraciones menstruales y obstétricas. La ecografía es la técnica de elección para la evaluación inicial, mientras que la resonancia magnética sigue siendo el método más exacto para el diagnóstico. La septotomía vaginal es el tratamiento recomendado. Se describen 2 casos clínicos con el objetivo de destacar la importancia del diagnóstico temprano para evitar las posibles complicaciones futuras.

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Introducción: El síndrome de cascanueces se considera una anomalía infrecuente y poco pensada en la práctica médica; su incidencia no está bien establecida debido a su sintomatología variada. La agenesia renal unilateral se estima entre 1/2500 y 1/4000 nacidos vivos. Objetivos: Describir una paciente de 18 años con sospecha prenatal de agenesia renal derecha confirmada por imágenes después del nacimiento, que ingresó por proteinuria. Presentación del caso: Paciente de 18 años con agenesia renal derecha conocida, en la que un examen de orina detectó proteinuria desde los 13 años. En su estudio se clasificó como proteinuria ortostática y evolutivamente refirió dolor lumbar izquierdo ligero y transitorio. En el ultrasonido renal, realizado para valorar crecimiento del riñón único, se detectó dilatación de la vena renal izquierda. Se repitió el estudio ecográfico para precisar ángulo aorto-mesentérico y dilatación de vena renal izquierda, y se confirmó el síndrome de cascanueces. Conclusiones: La asociación entre agenesia renal derecha y síndrome de cascanueces, resulta extremadamente rara, y, cuando se presenta con proteinuria ortostática y dolor lumbar ocasional, debe seguirse en forma expectante, pero no se necesita tratamiento quirúrgico en la mayoría de los casos(AU)

Introduction: Nutcracker syndrome is considered an infrequent and poorly thought out anomaly in medical practice; its incidence is not well established due to its varied symptomatology. Unilateral renal agenesis is estimated to be between 1/2500 and 1/4000 live births. Objectives: To describe an 18-year-old female patient with suspected pre-natal imaging-confirmed right renal agenesis after birth, who was admitted due to proteinuria. Case presentation: An 18-year-old female patient with known right renal agenesis, in whom a urine test detected proteinuria from the age of 13. In the study it was classified as orthostatic proteinuria and evolutionarily she referred mild and transient left low back pain. Renal ultrasound, performed to assess single kidney growth, showed dilation of the left renal vein. The ultrasound study was repeated to specify aorto-mesenteric angle and left renal vein dilation, and nutcracker syndrome was confirmed. Conclusions: The association between right renal agenesis and nutcracker syndrome is extremely rare, and, when it presents with orthostatic proteinuria and occasional low back pain, it should be followed expectantly, but surgical treatment is not needed in most cases(AU)

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Introducción: Los quistes enterogénicos son malformaciones producidas durante el período de diferenciación y desarrollo embriológico del intestino primitivo. Objetivo: Presentar una malformación digestiva infrecuente en la edad adulta. Caso clínico: Paciente de 58 años que acude por dolor abdominal y aumento de volumen en hipogastrio. Al examen físico se palpa masa en hipogastrio de 15 cm de diámetro. La tomografía axial computarizada simple y contrastada mostró una masa tumoral en la excavación pélvica hipodensa con densidad de 18 UH, pared gruesa, de 2 cm, que realza con el contraste y agenesia renal derecha. El estudio anatomo-patológico informa quiste enterogénico. Discusión: La clínica de las duplicaciones intestinales es inespecífica, el dolor abdominal recurrente y la presencia de masa abdominal, son frecuentes. El diagnóstico preoperatorio de las duplicaciones intestinales es infrecuente, depende de la disponibilidad de estudios de imagen y la sospecha clínica. Es infrecuente la asociación de quiste enterogénico y agenesia renal. Conclusión: Se presenta una paciente masculino con una masa pélvica de etiología dudosa y agenesia renal derecha, en el que se diagnosticó un quiste enterogénico. La asociación de quiste enterogénico y agenesia renal es una malformación rara en el adulto(AU)

Introduction: Enterogenic cysts are malformations produced during the period of differentiation and embryological development of the primitive intestine. Objective: To report an rare digestive malformation in adulthood. Clinical case report: A 58-year-old patient came for abdominal pain and increased volume in the hypogastrium. On physical examination, a 15-cm diameter mass was palpated in the hypogastrium. Simple and contrast computerized axial tomography showed a tumor mass in the hypodense pelvic excavation with a density of 18 HU, a thick wall of 2 cm, which was enhanced with contrast and right renal agenesis. The anatomo-pathological study reports an enterogenic cyst. Discussion: The symptoms of intestinal duplications are nonspecific, recurrent abdominal pain and the presence of an abdominal mass are frequent. The preoperative diagnosis of intestinal duplications is occasional, it depends on the availability of imaging studies and clinical suspicion. The association of enterogenic cyst and renal agenesis is uncommon. Conclusion: A male patient is reported, with a pelvic mass of doubtful etiology and right renal agenesis, in whom an enterogenic cyst was diagnosed. The association of enterogenic cyst and renal agenesis is a rare malformation in adults(AU)

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Diaphragmatic eventration (DE) associated with intestinal malrotation and renal agenesis is a rare entity. The authors report a case of a 69-year-old man who had symptoms of heart failure. He had a previous imaging diagnosis of right diaphragmatic eventration and dilated cardiomyopathy. He died on the second day after the hospital admission and had a post mortem examination that confirmed complete right diaphragmatic eventration, intestinal malrotation, left renal agenesis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and anteriorly rotated right kidney and had findings suggestive of a thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome. Thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome is described as transmission of abdominal pressure through a defective diaphragm causing compression of the hemithorax viscera and mediastinal shift with a hemodynamic alteration. The association of these anomalies is rare, and the possibility of this finding in a patient with eventration should always be considered.

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Diaphragmatic eventration (DE) associated with intestinal malrotation and renal agenesis is a rare entity. The authors report a case of a 69-year-old man who had symptoms of heart failure. He had a previous imaging diagnosis of right diaphragmatic eventration and dilated cardiomyopathy. He died on the second day after the hospital admission and had a post mortem examination that confirmed complete right diaphragmatic eventration, intestinal malrotation, left renal agenesis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and anteriorly rotated right kidney and had findings suggestive of a thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome. Thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome is described as transmission of abdominal pressure through a defective diaphragm causing compression of the hemithorax viscera and mediastinal shift with a hemodynamic alteration. The association of these anomalies is rare, and the possibility of this finding in a patient with eventration should always be considered.

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Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract caused by defective fusion of the Müllerian ducts, which gives rise to obstructed hemivagina, uterus didelphys and ipsilateral renal agenesis. We report the case of a 16-year-old girl who underwent resection of the vaginal septum and drainage of the secondary hematocolpos, thus preserving her reproductive function.

El síndrome de Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich es una anomalía congénita rara del tracto urogenital, causada por un fallo de la fusión de los conductos müllerianos, que se caracteriza por presentar una hemivagina obstruida, útero didelfo y anomalía renal ipsilateral. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 16 años a quien se le realizó resección del tabique vaginal y drenaje del hematocolpos secundario, para así preservar su función reproductiva.

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Inguinal hernias are a common disease in adults, but involvement of extraperitoneal structures is rare. This condition is usually asymptomatic and an incidental finding during the surgical correction of inguinal hernias, often resulting in iatrogenic damage. We present a rare case of left renal agenesis and right inguinal hernia, with the ureter being the only organ protruding as an inguinal hernia, diagnosed in the preoperative period.

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Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is part of a spectrum of Müllerian duct anomalies that occur during embryonic development. The syndrome is characterized by uterus didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Only few cases of this disease were reported worldwide. We present a 23-year-old female patient with chronic pelvic pain for years. The patient was diagnosed with HWW syndrome with a history of hematocolpos and vaginoplasty at the age of 12. Five months later, she sought urgent medical care due to intense pain, and a clinical picture suggestive of peritoneal irritation. Clinical condition deteriorated and the patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy, which failed to identify anything to justify the abdominal pain. Uroculture and blood culture were negative. A magnetic resonance imaging showed a tube-shaped formations extending from the right retrovesical region to the mesogastrium corresponding to the persistence of the mesonephric duct, related to ipsilateral renal agenesis. The patient underwent laparoscopic procedure, identifying a right ureteric remnant blind ending, with distal and proximal obliteration, filled with purulent secretion, which was totally resected. This case differs from the other reported cases due to pelvic pain secondary to infection and abscess in ureteric remnant. We did not find any case with similar clinical presentation.

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Associated congenital anomalies are seen in 21% of retrocaval ureter patients; among them, associated contralateral renal agenesis is a very rare entity. We report one such case of right circumcaval ureter with left renal agenesis, diagnosed after febrile UTI. Surgical correction with uretero-ureterostomy was successful. In literature very few such cases are reported and only one case with renal failure was reported. Unilateral renal agenesis cases complicated by associated such anomalies need definitive management and lifelong clinical monitoring to diagnose and prevent chronic kidney disease.

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ABSTRACT Associated congenital anomalies are seen in 21% of retrocaval ureter patients; among them, associated contralateral renal agenesis is a very rare entity. We report one such case of right circumcaval ureter with left renal agenesis, diagnosed after febrile UTI. Surgical correction with uretero-ureterostomy was successful. In literature very few such cases are reported and only one case with renal failure was reported. Unilateral renal agenesis cases complicated by associated such anomalies need definitive management and lifelong clinical monitoring to diagnose and prevent chronic kidney disease.

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La sirenomelia constituye una anomalía congénita infrecuente, cuya característica principal es la fusión de las extremidades inferiores; la etiología es aún desconocida, sin embargo existen varias teorías planteadas para determinar el origen de esta entidad rara. Es de difícil diagnóstico prenatal, ya que por lo general se asocia a oligoamnios. Las malformaciones asociadas son muy variables, pero por lo general incompatibles con la vida, por lo tanto el pronóstico es sombrío. En el siguiente artículo se reporta un caso clínico de un recién nacido con sirenomelia, en el Hospital Obrero N°2 de la Caja Nacional de Salud, que debido a la asociación de agenesia renal bilateral, presenta un mal pronóstico y fallece a las ocho horas de vida.

The sirenomelia is a rare congenital anomaly, whose main characteristic is the fusion of the lower extremities, the etiology is still unk-nown, but there are several theories raised to determine the origin of this rare entity. Prenatal diagnosis is difficult, and usually is asso-ciated with oligohydramnios. Associated malformations are highly variable, but usually incompatible with life, so the prognosis is poor. The following article reports a case of a newborn with sirenomelia, Hospital Obrero N°2 de la Caja Nacional de Salud, that due to the association of bilateral renal agenesis, has a poor prognosis and died within eight hours of life.

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Las malformaciones müllerianas tienen una incidencia mundial de 0,1 % a 0,5 %, siendo en Venezuela de 0.02 %; se asocia de 37 % a 60 % con agenesia renal congénita. Se ha observado que la relación entre malformación mülleriana y agenesia renal aumentan la incidencia de trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 18 años, IIG, IP, con embarazo de 30 semanas más 2 días por FUR, con diagnóstico de útero bicorne y agenesia renal, quien ingresó con presión arterial elevada, durante su hospitalización presentó proteinuria y síntomas neurológicos. Se diagnosticó preeclampsia grave y se interrumpió el embarazo. La evolución de madre e hijo fue normal, la madre egresó a los tres días y el recién nacido al mes. No encontramos en la literatura venezolana casos similares, por lo que este constituye el primero reportado

Müllerian malformations have a global incidence of 0.1 % to 0.5 %, in Venezuela the incidence is close to 0.02 %; is associated in 37 % to 60% with congenital renal agenesis. It has been observed that the relationship between renal agenesis and Mullerian malformation increases the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We present a case of 18 years old patient of 18, IIG, IP, with a pregnancy of 30 weeks plus 2 days by LMP, diagnosed with bicornuate uterus and renal agenesis, who was admitted with high blood pressure, during hospitalization showed proteinuria and neurological symptoms. Severe preeclampsia was diagnosed and pregnancy termination performed. The mother and child outcome was satisfactory, the mother was discharged after three days and the baby a month. We did not found in the Venezuelan literature similar cases, so this is the first reported

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Caso Clínico 1. J.A, 21 años, nuligesta. Acude por hipermenorragia y síndrome doloroso abdominal. Ecografía informa útero didelfo, hematocolpo en hemivagina ciega, tumoraciones anexiales y agenesia renal derecha conformándose el diagnostico de HWW, es sometida a neosalpingostomia con fimbrioplastia por hematosalpinx derecho por vía laparoscópica. A quince días del postoperatorio presenta cuadro de abdomen agudo. Ecografía informa quiste de ovario con hemorragia intraquística y liquido libre abdominal. Se realiza histerectomía subtotal derecha y drilling del quiste por vía laparotómica. Caso Clínico 2. T.A, 53 años, diagnostico conocido de HWW, cirugías previas histerectomía subtotal y resección del tabique vaginal 38 años antes. Acude por hipermenorrea por miomatosis uterina. Se realiza histerectomía total con resección del 2º cérvix. Caso Clínico 3. S.S, 35 años, diagnostico conocido de HWW, cirugías previas anexectomía izquierda por endometrioma 14 años antes, e histerectomía subtotal, sin resección del tabique en otro hospital 6 años antes. Acude a la consulta donde se diagnostica cervicitis mucopurulenta. Actualmente en planes de resección del tabique vaginal que no se realizo por el cuadro infeccioso presente. Discusión: Hay aproximadamente 200 casos reportados de HWW. La clínica más frecuente es dolor por hematocolpo. Esta patología presenta estrecha relación con infertilidad y endometriosis. Palabras Claves: Síndrome de Herlyn Werner Wünderlich, útero didelfo, hemivagina, agenesia renal.

Objective: To report three cases of diagnosis of Werner Wünderlich Herlyn syndrome (HWWS) in the Central Hospital of Social Security Institute of Paraguay (HC-IPS). Materials and Methods: Data from the records of patients of the Gynecology Service of HC-IPS between January/2010 to enero/2012 diagnosed with HWW. Case 1. J.A., female, 21, nulígesta. Presents abdominal pain and hipermenorragia, ultrasound reports didelphys uterus, hematocolpo, adnexal tumors and right renal agenesia making the diagnosis of HWW, is treated by fimbrioplasty and neosalpingostomy for right hematosalpinx by laparoscopy. Postoperative presents acute abdominal pain, ultrasound reports intracystic hemorrhage and abdominal free fluid. Subtotal hysterectomy is done and drilling of right cyst by laparotomy. Case 2. TA, female, 53, HWW known diagnosis, previous surgery: subtotal hysterectomy and vaginal septum resection 38 years earlier. Presents menorrhagia for uterine fibroids. Total hysterectomy is performed with resection of the second cervix. Case 3. SS, female, 35, known diagnosis of HWW, previous surgeries: left adnexectomy for endometrioma 14 years earlier, and subtotal hysterectomy with out removal of the vaginal septum in another hospital 6 years earlier. Attending the clinic where they diagnosed mucopurulent cervicitis. Currently in plans of vaginal septum resection that was not performed by the infection present. Discussion: There are approximately 200 reported cases of HWW. The most frequent symptom is pain by hematocolopo. Keep in mind the strong association with infertility and endometriosis of this disease. Keywords: Werner Syndrome Wünderlich Herlyn, uterus didelphys, hemivagina, renal agenesis.

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Introduction: Unilateral renal agenesis is a frequent renal malformation with incidence of 1 per 1000 live born children. There are no statistics nor protocols to manage and follow-up these patients. Usually asymptomatic, it can be early detected by prenatal ultrasound, allowing opportune detection and adequate follow up. The goal is to describe main features found in children with renal agenesis at four ambulatory pediatric nephrology clinics in Cali, Colombia: Hospital Universitario del Valle (HUV), Club Noel Children’s hospital and the private practice of two pediatric nephrologists. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study in a series of cases with congenital renal agenesis diagnosed between January, 1995 and December 2007, of patients under 18 years of age and based on a review of clinical records. Results: 43 patients were found, 51.2% males, 88% from the department of Valle del Cauca. Prenatal diagnoses were conducted in only 21% of these patients; agenesis was right in 48.8% and left in 51.2%. In 46.5%, association with other pathologies was found: occult spinal bifida, congenital scoliosis, and Klippel-Feil sequence. Compensatory renal hypertrophy was reported in 39.5% of the patients, 42% had episodes of urinary tract infection, 31% vesicoureteral reflux and 10% proteinuria. Four male patients (9.3%) developed renal failure. The average follow-up was 6.6 years. Conclusions: Prenatal diagnose was not very frequent in our set of cases. Urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux were common, increasing the risk of renal deterioration. Prolonged follow up is suggested, with unified protocols to prevent renal failure.

Introducción: La agenesia renal unilateral (ARU) es una malformación con una incidencia de 1 por 1000 nacidos vivos. En Colombia no hay estadísticas ni protocolos para el manejo y seguimiento de estos pacientes. La ARU casi siempre es asintomática y se puede descubrir temprano por ecografía prenatal, que permite el adecuado seguimiento. El objetivo es describir las características principales encontradas en la revisión de historias clínicas de niños con agenesia renal que se examinaron en dos servicios de  nefrología pediátrica de la ciudad de Cali: Hospital Universitario del Valle (HUV), Hospital Infantil Club Noel (HICN) y en los consultorios de dos nefrólogas pediatras.Metodología: Es un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de tipo serie de casos basado en la revisión  de historias clínicas, de pacientes menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de agenesia renal congénita atendidos entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 2007. Resultados: Se encontraron 43 pacientes, 51.2% masculinos. El 88% procedía del departamento del Valle. El diagnóstico prenatal sólo se hizo en 21% de los casos.  En 48.8% de los pacientes la agenesia renal fue derecha y en el resto izquierda. En 46.5% hubo asociación con otras entidades (espina bífida oculta, escoliosis congénita y secuencia de Klippel Feil). En 39.5% de los pacientes se vio hipertrofia renal compensatoria, 42% presentaron algún episodio de infección urinaria, 31% reflujo vésico-ureteral y 10% proteinuria; en 4 pacientes (9.3%), todos varones desarrollaron falla renal. El promedio de seguimiento fue 6.6 años. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico prenatal fue poco frecuente en esta serie de casos. La infección urinaria y el reflujo vésico-ureteral son altos y aumentan el riesgo de daños renales. Se recomienda el seguimiento extendido en niños con ARU, mediante protocolos unificados para prevenir el deterioro renal.

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Este trabajo describe la variante anatómica en un caso incidental de disección en la Escuela de Medicina de la Universidad de Costa Rica, el cual presenta agenesia renal izquierda con variante arteriovenosa renal derecha que consta de cinco arterias renales y dos venas renales, asociado a la variante anatómica del origen de la vena cava inferior ya que es superior a la arteria mesentérica inferior.

This work describes the anatomic variation from an incidental case of dissection founded at Costa Rica’s University School of Medicine, which presents left renal agenesia with a right arteriovenous variant which consists of five renal arteries and two renal veins, related to the anatomic variant from the inferior cava vein, this variation its superior to the inferior mesenteric arterie.

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