RESUMO
Resumen La finalidad de la presente investigación es realizar la caracterización psicosocial de personas de origen latinoamericano que delinquieron en España y que se encuentran internas en el Centro de Inserción Social de la comunidad de Andalucía en la ciudad de Málaga. Para esto, se utilizó una metodología mixta (cualitativa y cuantitativa) de tipo empírica e inductiva. En la cual se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, observación participante, la aplicación de pruebas psicológicas para evaluar los constructos de autoestima e impulsividad y una encuesta. Se analizó la información en los siguientes tópicos: características sociodemográficas, dinámica cultural y social, composición familiar, salud física y psicológica, autoestima, impulsividad, motivaciones para delinquir, escalamiento de conductas análogas, antisociales y delictivas, redes de apoyo o vínculos socio familiares, factores del proceso de inserción social, reincidencia y proyecto de vida. Como resultado se obtuvieron similitudes en los factores culturales, sociales y geográficos entre otros, no obstante, se determinó que no existe un solo factor que explique la conducta delictiva.
Abstract The purpose of the present investigation is to perform psychosocial characterization of people of Latin American origin who have committed crimes in Spain and who are internal in the Center of Social Insertion of the community of Andalusia in the city of Malaga; for this, mixed (qualitative and quantitative) methodology of empirical and inductive type was used, where different tools were used to collect information, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, the application of psychological tests to evaluate the constructs of self-esteem and impulsivity and a survey; Subsequently, the information collected on the following topics was analyzed and processed: sociodemographic characteristics, cultural and social dynamics, family composition, physical and psychological health, self-esteem, impulsivity, motivation to commit a crime, escalation of analogous, antisocial and criminal behaviors, support networks or socio - family ties, factors of the social insertion process, recidivism and life project. As a result, similarities were obtained in cultural, social and geographical factors among others, however, it was determined that there is not a single factor that explains the criminal behavior.
RESUMO
El presente trabajo identifica las características de la población consumidora de SPA, en proceso de rehabilitación vinculada a la comunidad terapéutica FFARO del departamento de Quindío Colombia. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva, consultando las entrevistas pedagógicas realizadas en la comunidad. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se encontró que la edad promedio es de 18.1 años; además, que la sustancia con mayor prevalencia de consumo es la marihuana con un 92% seguido de sustancias como el sacol con un 52%, el 48% para el cigarrillo, el alcohol en un 28%, y el bazuco con un 24%; En cuanto al género el 76% son hombres y el 24% mujeres.
The present of this study is to identify psychosocial characteristics of the consumer population of SPA, in rehabilitation related to the therapeutic community FFARO Colombia Quindío department. We performed a quantitative research - descriptive, educational consulting interviews conducted in the community. From the data, he found that the average age is 18.1 years. Moreover, the substance with the highest prevalence of marihuana consumption is 98%, followed with a substance such as a 52% Sacol, the cigarette with a 48% alcohol by 28% and a 24% bazuco.
Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Comunidade Terapêutica , Usuários de Drogas/psicologia , Pesquisa de ReabilitaçãoRESUMO
El presente trabajo identifica las características de la población consumidora de SPA, en proceso de rehabilitación vinculada a la comunidad terapéutica FFARO del departamento de Quindío Colombia. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva, consultando las entrevistas pedagógicas realizadas en la comunidad. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se encontró que la edad promedio es de 18.1 años; además, que la sustancia con mayor prevalencia de consumo es la marihuana con un 92% seguido de sustancias como el sacol con un 52%, el 48% para el cigarrillo, el alcohol en un 28%, y el bazuco con un 24%; En cuanto al género el 76% son hombres y el 24% mujeres.
The present of this study is to identify psychosocial characteristics of the consumer population of SPA, in rehabilitation related to the therapeutic community FFARO Colombia Quindío department. We performed a quantitative research - descriptive, educational consulting interviews conducted in the community. From the data, he found that the average age is 18.1 years. Moreover, the substance with the highest prevalence of marihuana consumption is 98%, followed with a substance such as a 52% Sacol, the cigarette with a 48% alcohol by 28% and a 24% bazuco.
Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Comunidade Terapêutica , Usuários de Drogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Pesquisa de ReabilitaçãoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o papel de um programa de condicionamento físico aeróbio nos aspectos psicossociais, qualidade de vida, sintomas e óxido nítrico exalado (NOe) de adultos com asma persistente moderada ou grave. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Vinte pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em Grupo Controle (GC, n= 10; programa de educação e exercícios respiratórios) e Grupo Treinado (GT, n= 10; programa de educação e exercícios respiratórios mais condicionamento aeróbio, 70 por cento potência máxima obtida). A intervenção aconteceu duas vezes por semana durante três meses. Antes e após, foram avaliados a capacidade aeróbia máxima, a função pulmonar, a dispnéia ao esforço, os níveis de ansiedade e depressão e a qualidade de vida. Mensalmente, eram avaliados o NOe em repouso e o número de dias livres de sintomas. RESULTADOS: Apenas o GT apresentou redução dos sintomas (GT 24,8 [IC95 por cento= 23-27] versus GC 15,7 [IC95 por cento= 9-21] dias livres de sintomas, p< 0,05), dos níveis de NOe (GT 25,8 [IC95 por cento= 15,3-44] versus GC 44,3 [IC95 por cento= 24-60] ppb, p< 0,05), da ansiedade (GT 39,3 [IC95 por cento= 37-50] versus GC 40,9 [IC95 por cento= 37-50] escore, p< 0,001) e da depressão (GT 6,6 [IC95 por cento= 1-21] versus GC 9 [IC95 por cento= 1-20] escore, p< 0,001), melhora da qualidade de vida (GT 42,8 [IC95 por cento= 34,3-71,7] versus GC 69,7 [IC95 por cento= 45,1-87,9] por cento, p< 0,001), e incremento da aptidão aeróbia (GT 25,7 [IC95 por cento= 16,2-31,3] versus GC 20,5 [IC95 por cento= 17,3-24,1] mL/kg/min, p< 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem que o treinamento físico reduz o NOe, os sintomas e melhora a qualidade de vida e os aspectos psicossociais de adultos com asma persistente moderada ou grave.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of an aerobic physical training program on psychosocial characteristics, quality of life, symptoms and exhaled nitric oxide of adults with moderate or severe persistent asthma. METHODS: Twenty patients were randomly assigned to a Control Group (CG, n= 10, education program and respiratory exercises) and a Trained Group (TG, n= 10, education program and respiratory exercises plus aerobic training at 70 percent of the maximum power obtained). The intervention took place twice a week for three months. Maximum aerobic capacity, pulmonary function, effort dyspnea, anxiety levels, depression levels and quality of life were assessed before and after the treatment. Exhaled nitric oxide at rest and the number of days without asthma symptoms were evaluated every month. RESULTS: The TG presented increased numbers of symptom-free days (TG 24.8 days [95 percentCI= 23-27] versus CG 15.7 days [95 percentCI= 9-21]; p< 0.05), decreased exhaled nitric oxide levels (TG 25.8 ppb [95 percentCI= 15.3-44.0] versus CG 44.3 ppb [95 percentCI= 24-60]; p< 0.05), decreased anxiety scores (TG 39.3 [95 percentCI= 37-50] versus CG 40.9 [95 percentCI= 37-50]; p< 0.001), decreased depression scores (TG 6.6 [95 percentCI= 1-21] versus CG 9 [95 percentCI= 1-20]; p< 0.001), improved quality of life (TG 42.8 percent [95 percentCI= 34.3-71.7] versus CG 69.6 percent [95 percentCI= 45.1-87.9]; p< 0.001) and improved aerobic aptitude (TG 25.7 mL/kg/min [95 percentCI= 6.2-31.3] versus CG 20.5 mL/kg/min [95 percentCI= 17.3-24.1]; p< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that physical training reduces exhaled nitric oxide and symptoms and improves the quality of life and psychosocial characteristics of adults with moderate or severe persistent asthma.