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During the long-lasting civil war in Colombia, thousands of people were displaced mainly from rural to urban areas, causing social disruption and prolonged poverty. This study aimed at analyzing the traumatic experience many years ago on the current psycho-emotional status of displaced families as well as the ongoing inequalities regarding displaced and non-displaced communities in one of the most affected areas by the armed conflict. An interview survey was conducted among 211 displaced families and 181 non-displaced families in 2 adjacent compounds in Valledupar, Colombia. The questionnaire used questions from the validated national survey and was revised and applied by staff members of the departmental secretary of health who conducted additional in-depth interviews. The study showed that the living conditions of the displaced community were precarious. The past traumatic events many years ago and the current difficult living conditions are associated with psychological problems being more frequent among the displaced people. The displaced people had experienced more violent acts and subsequently had a larger number of emotional symptoms (fright, headache, nervousness, depression, and sleeplessness). Other stress factors like economic problems, severe disease or death of family members and unemployment prevailed among displaced persons. The non-displaced lived in a more protected environment with less exposure to violence and stress, although belonging to a similarly low socio-economic stratum. It is recommended to take measures for a better protection of the displaced community, improve their access to the job market, offer different leisure activities and facilitate public transport.

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ABSTRACT Although contemporary college students are in an era of stable environment and rich economy, the society has stricter requirements on their study and work. College students face various pressures from themselves and society, and psychological problems emerge one after another. From the practice abroad, music therapy itself has fully demonstrated the alleviation and improvement of people's mental health. Music is a part of human life, and its penetration and influence on human behavior is unparalleled by other cultural forces. Music does not only give people the enjoyment of beauty, but also influences people's mind, body and behavior through multiple psychological and physiological functions. The use of music therapy can better improve and optimize the ability of college students to eliminate bad emotions, so as to help students develop healthy a psychological state and establish a correct outlook on life and values. Based on this, this study explores the significance of contemporary college students' music therapy on mental health, and puts forward the orientation and implementation ways of college students' mental health education.

RESUMO Embora os universitários contemporâneos estejam em uma era de ambiente estável e economia rica, a sociedade tem exigências mais rigorosas em seu estudo e trabalho. Os estudantes universitários enfrentam várias pressões de si mesmos e da sociedade, e problemas psicológicos emergem um após o outro. Desde a prática no exterior, a própria terapia musical tem demonstrado plenamente o alívio e a melhoria da saúde mental das pessoas. A música faz parte do estilo de vida humano, e sua penetração e influência no comportamento humano é incomparável por outras forças culturais. A música não só dá às pessoas o prazer da beleza, mas também influencia a mente, o corpo e o comportamento das pessoas através de múltiplas funções psicológicas e fisiológicas. O uso da terapia musical pode melhorar e otimizar melhor a capacidade dos estudantes universitários de eliminar as emoções ruins, de modo a ajudá-los a desenvolver um estado psicológico saudável e estabelecer uma perspectiva correta sobre sua vida e seus valores. Com base nisso, este trabalho explora a relevância da terapia musical contemporânea entre estudantes universitários sobre sua saúde mental, e avança as formas de orientação e implementação da educação de saúde mental desses indivíduos.

RESUMEN Aunque los estudiantes universitarios contemporáneos se encuentran en una época de ambiente estable y economía rica, la sociedad tiene requisitos más estrictos respecto a sus estudios y trabajo. Los estudiantes universitarios enfrentan diversas presiones de sí mismos y de la sociedad, y los problemas psicológicos surgen uno tras otro. Desde la práctica en el extranjero, la musicoterapia en sí ha demostrado el alivio y la mejora de la salud mental de las personas. La música es parte del estilo de vida humano y su penetración e influencia en el comportamiento humano no tiene paralelo con otras fuerzas culturales. La música no solo brinda a las personas el disfrute de la belleza, sino que también influye en la mente, el cuerpo y el comportamiento de las personas a través de múltiples funciones psicológicas y fisiológicas. El uso de la musicoterapia puede mejorar y optimizar la capacidad de los estudiantes universitarios para eliminar las malas emociones, a fin de ayudarlos a desarrollar un estado psicológico saludable y establecer una perspectiva correcta de la vida y sus valores. Con base en esto, este trabajo de estudio explora la importancia de la musicoterapia en la salud mental de los estudiantes universitarios contemporáneos y presenta las formas de orientación e implementación de la educación en salud mental de dichos estudiantes.

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Internet addiction (IA) has been explored worldwide and involves some features that might harm social, psychological, and functional aspects. The vulnerability of adolescents might result in some addictive behaviors, and the Internet is one of them. The aim of this systematic review was to identify empirical studies that have been done to explore instruments that have been used to assess IA and to verify what variables and comorbidities are related to IA in adolescents, including executive functions, such as attention. To accomplish our aim, a systematic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Some inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the studies and 44 in total were analyzed independently. The results showed that the most used instrument to assess IA is the Young's Internet Addiction Test. A few studies have been developed in the Western world, and most of them have analyzed attention bias in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and non-ADHD groups. Furthermore, other variables have been widely explored in the studies, such as depression, sleeping patterns, body weight, aggressiveness, and other addictive substances.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between wound severity, discomfort, and psychological problems in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study is conducted in three general hospitals and one clinic in Indonesia. The Bates-Jensen wound assessment tool (BWAT), the discomfort evaluation of wound instrument (DEWI), and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) are used to measure the variables of interest. Path analysis is performed to evaluate the association between wound severity, discomfort, and psychological problems. Results: Of 140 patients with diabetic foot ulcers who joined this study, the majority experienced immobilization (74.3 %), pain (69.3 %), and sleep disturbance (63.6 %). The means were as follows: discomfort (2.35 ± 0.33), depression (1.34 ± 0.41), stress (1.49 ± 0.48), anxiety (1.43 ± 0.40), and wound severity (31.35 ± 9.96). Discomfort partially mediated the relationship between wound severity and psychological problems, which indirect effect was 0.11. Conclusion: High prevalence of discomfort, both physical and psychological, was found in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer. Discomfort mediates the relationship between wound severity and psychological problems. Integrating comfort into wound care management may help to reduce the psychological burden.

RESUMEN Objetivos: el presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la relación entre la gravedad de la herida, la molestia y los problemas psicológicos en pacientes con úlcera del pie diabético en Indonesia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en tres hospitales generales y una clínica de Indonesia. La herramienta de evaluación de heridas Bates-Jensen (BWAT, por sus siglas en inglés), el instrumento de evaluación de molestia de la herida (DEWI, por sus siglas en inglés) y la escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés (DASS, por sus siglas en inglés) se utilizaron para medir las variables de interés. Se realizó un análisis de ruta para evaluar la asociación entre la gravedad de la herida, la molestia y los problemas psicológicos. Resultados: de 140 pacientes con úlcera del pie diabético que participaron en este estudio, la mayoría experimentó inmovilización (74,3 %), dolor (69,3 %) y trastornos del sueño (63,6 %). Las medias fueron las siguientes: molestia (2,35 ± 0,33), depresión (1,34 ± 0,41), estrés (1,49 ± 0,48), ansiedad (1,43 ± 0,40) y gravedad de la herida (31,35 ± 9,96). La molestia medió en parte la relación entre la gravedad de la herida y los problemas psicológicos, cuyo efecto indirecto fue de 0,11. Conclusión: se encontró una alta prevalencia de molestias, tanto físicas como psicológicas, en pacientes con úlcera del pie diabético. Además, la molestia media la relación entre la gravedad de la herida y los problemas psicológicos. La integración de la comodidad en el manejo del cuidado de las heridas puede ayudar a reducir la carga psicológica.

RESUMO Objetivos: o objetivo deste estudo é identificar a relação entre a gravidade da ferida, o desconforto e os problemas psicológicos en pacientes com úlcera do pé diabético na Indonésia. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo transversal em três hospitais gerais e uma clínica da Indonésia. A ferramenta da avaliação de feridas Bates-Jensen (BWAT, por sua sigla em inglês), o instrumento de avaliação do desconforto da ferida (DEWI, por sua sigla em inglês) e a escala de depressão, ansiedade e estresse (DASS, por sua sigla em inglês) foram utilizados para medir as variáveis de interesse. Uma análise de rota foi realizada para avaliar a associação entre a gravidade da ferida, o desconforto e os problemas psicológicos. Resultados: de 140 pacientes com úlcera diabética do pé que participaram deste estudo, a maioria experimentou imobilização (74,3 %), dor (69,3 %) e transtornos do sono (63,6 %). As médias foram: desconforto (2,35 ± 0,33), depressão (1,34 ± 0,41), estresse (1,49 ± 0,48), ansiedade (1,43 ± 0,40) e gravidade da ferida (31,35 ± 9,96). O desconforto foi o mediador em parte da relação entre a gravidade da ferida e os problemas psicológicos, cujo efeito indireto foi de 0,11. Conclusões: verificou-se alta prevalência de desconforto, tanto físico quanto psicológico, em pacientes com úlcera diabética do pé. Além disso, o desconforto intermedeia a relação entre a gravidade da ferida e os problemas psicológicos. A integração do conforto na gestão do cuidado das feridas pode ajudar a reduzir a carga psicológica.

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Internalizing and externalizing problems increase during adolescence. However, these problems may be mitigated by adequate parenting, including effective parent-adolescent communication. The ways in which parent-driven (i.e., parent behavior control and solicitation) and adolescent-driven (i.e., disclosure and secrecy) communication efforts are linked to adolescent psychological problems universally and cross-culturally is a question that needs more empirical investigation. The current study used a sample of 1087 adolescents (M = 13.19 years, SD = 0.90, 50% girls) from 12 cultural groups in nine countries including China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States to test the cultural moderation of links between parent solicitation, parent behavior control, adolescent disclosure, and adolescent secrecy with adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. The results indicate that adolescent-driven communication, and secrecy in particular, is intertwined with adolescents' externalizing problems across all cultures, and intertwined with internalizing problems in specific cultural contexts. Moreover, parent-driven communication efforts were predicted by adolescent disclosure in all cultures. Overall, the findings suggest that adolescent-driven communication efforts, and adolescent secrecy in particular, are important predictors of adolescent psychological problems as well as facilitators of parent-adolescent communication.

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BACKGROUND: A novel form of Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan has created a confused and rapidly evolving situation. In this situational framework, patients and front-line healthcare workers are vulnerable. METHOD: Studies were identified using large-circulation international journals found in two electronic databases: Scopus and Embase. RESULTS: Populations of patients that may require tailored interventions are older adults and international migrant workers. Older adults with psychiatric conditions may be experiencing further distress. The COVID-19 epidemic has underscored potential gaps in mental health services during emergencies. CONCLUSIONS: Most health professionals working in isolation units and hospitals do not receive any training for providing mental health care. Fear seems more certainly a consequence of mass quarantine.

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OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to establish the roles of coping typologies and the psychological problems associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and to identify adolescents who are at greater risk of engaging in this practice. METHOD: The total sample comprised 965 adolescents (57% girls, aged 12-18 years) from several Chilean schools who answered the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury questionnaire. RESULTS: Young people with and without NSSI present different coping patterns, especially when compared by gender. Adolescents with repetitive NSSI (R-NSSI) report using escape, search for friendship, and venting feelings as coping strategies as well as a more avoidant style and less search for family support than those adolescents without NSSI. Adolescents who present avoidance coping typology are three times more likely (relative risk = 3.5) to engage in NSSI than adolescents who present approach coping typology. R-NSSI adolescents present higher scores on psychological symptomatology (within clinical ranges) than their N-NSSI counterparts. Girls were more likely to present psychological symptoms than boys. CONCLUSION: The authors highlight the usefulness of coping typologies for the detection of high-risk populations for NSSI as well as the need to consider the gender variable. Professionals who detect clinical levels of symptomatology should also assess the presence of NSSI.

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O objetivo do estudo foi examinar a presença de indicadores emocionais no Desenho da Figura Humana (DFH), utilizando o sistema Koppitz, em crianças transplantadas e sem problemas de saúde, comparando-as de acordo com o sexo. Quarenta e sete crianças transplantadas e 88 sem problemas de saúde com idades entre 5 e 12 anos completaram o DFH e responderam a uma entrevista sobre o mesmo. O teste t mostrou que os meninos transplantados apresentaram mais indicadores emocionais que os meninos sem problemas de saúde. Análise de regressão logística evidenciou que o indicador integração pobre das partes e DFH na posição esquerda do papel são características típicas das crianças transplantadas. Os resultados indicam que as crianças transplantadas, especialmente os meninos, possuem maiores riscos de apresentar problemas psicológicos. Uma avaliação sistemática desses pacientes é necessária para minimizar eventuais conseqüências emocionais relacionadas à doença crônica e ao transplante de órgãos na infância.(AU)

This study aims at examining the presence of emotional indicators in the Draw-A- Person Test (DAP), employing the Koppitz Scoring System, in transplanted and healthy children comparing them according to their gender. Forty-seven transplanted and 88 healthy children aged 5-12 completed the DAP and answered an interview about it. The T-test showed that male transplanted children presented more emotional indicators than male healthy children. Logistic regression analysis (LRA) demonstrated that 'poor integration of parts' indicator and DAP in the left side of the paper are typical characteristics of transplanted children. It seems that transplanted children, especially boys, are at higher risk to present psychological problems. A systematic evaluation of those patients is necessary to minimize emotional consequences due to chronic disease and organ transplantation in childhood.(AU)

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O objetivo do estudo foi examinar a presença de indicadores emocionais no Desenho da Figura Humana (DFH), utilizando o sistema Koppitz, em crianças transplantadas e sem problemas de saúde, comparando-as de acordo com o sexo. Quarenta e sete crianças transplantadas e 88 sem problemas de saúde com idades entre 5 e 12 anos completaram o DFH e responderam a uma entrevista sobre o mesmo. O teste t mostrou que os meninos transplantados apresentaram mais indicadores emocionais que os meninos sem problemas de saúde. Análise de regressão logística evidenciou que o indicador integração pobre das partes e DFH na posição esquerda do papel são características típicas das crianças transplantadas. Os resultados indicam que as crianças transplantadas, especialmente os meninos, possuem maiores riscos de apresentar problemas psicológicos. Uma avaliação sistemática desses pacientes é necessária para minimizar eventuais conseqüências emocionais relacionadas à doença crônica e ao transplante de órgãos na infância.

This study aims at examining the presence of emotional indicators in the Draw-A- Person Test (DAP), employing the Koppitz Scoring System, in transplanted and healthy children comparing them according to their gender. Forty-seven transplanted and 88 healthy children aged 5-12 completed the DAP and answered an interview about it. The T-test showed that male transplanted children presented more emotional indicators than male healthy children. Logistic regression analysis (LRA) demonstrated that 'poor integration of parts' indicator and DAP in the left side of the paper are typical characteristics of transplanted children. It seems that transplanted children, especially boys, are at higher risk to present psychological problems. A systematic evaluation of those patients is necessary to minimize emotional consequences due to chronic disease and organ transplantation in childhood.

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