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OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on intra-abdominal adhesion at the cesarean section incision line in the uterus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As experimental animals 16 white New Zealand rabbits, 5-months-old, unmated, were used. Animals were divided into two groups the control group and PRP application group. In each group, a transverse incision was made to the uterus to mimic the cesarean section and sutured. Relaparotomy was performed 21 days after the first operation. RESULTS: When the groups were evaluated in terms of inflammation, there was a significant difference between the two groups. When the groups were evaluated in terms of Mason's Trichrome staining and fibrosis, There was a significant difference between groups. When the groups were evaluated in terms of vascular endothelial growth factor-1, there was also a significant difference between the groups. In an experimental rabbit uterine horn adhesion model, PRP is effective in preventing post-operative adhesion formation. CONCLUSIONS: This result may guide clinical studies using autologous PRP to prevent post-operative adhesion formation after gynecological operations.
OBJETIVO: Este estudio se llevó a cabo para investigar el efecto del plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) autólogo sobre la adhesión intraabdominal en la línea de incisión de la cesárea en el útero. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Como animales de experimentación se utilizaron 16 conejos blancos de Nueva Zelanda, de 5 meses de edad, sin aparear. Los animales se dividieron en dos grupos como grupo de control y grupo de aplicación de PRP. En cada grupo, se hizo una incisión transversal al útero para imitar la cesárea y se suturó. La relaparotomía se realizó 21 días después de la primera operación. RESULTADOS: Cuando los grupos se evaluaron en términos de inflamación, hubo una diferencia significativa entre los dos grupos. Cuando los grupos se evaluaron en términos de tinción MT y fibrosis, hubo una diferencia significativa entre los grupos. Cuando los grupos se evaluaron en términos de VEGF-1, también hubo una diferencia significativa entre los grupos. En un modelo experimental de adherencia al cuerno uterino de conejo, el PRP es eficaz para prevenir la formación de adherencias posoperatorias. CONCLUSIONES: Este resultado puede guiar los estudios clínicos que utilizan PRP autólogo para prevenir la formación de adherencias postoperatorias después de operaciones ginecológicas.
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Cesárea , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Coelhos , Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Útero/cirurgia , Inflamação , Aderências Teciduais/etiologia , Aderências Teciduais/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major global impact on the treatment of hospitalized surgical patients. Our study retrospectively evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic at a neurosurgical reference center in Mexico City. We compared the number of neurosurgeries, the rate and type of postoperative infections, the causative microorganisms and in-hospital mortality rates in a 4-year period, from the pre-pandemic year 2019 until 2022. A total of 4150 neurosurgical procedures were registered. In 2020 the total number of surgeries was reduced by 36% compared to 2019 OR = 0.689 (95% CI 0.566-0.834) p ≤ 0.001, transnasal/trans sphenoidal pituitary resections decreased by 53%, and spinal surgeries by 52%. The rate of neurosurgical infections increased from 3.5% in 2019 to 5.6% in 2020 (p = 0.002). Regarding the microorganisms that caused infections, gram positive cocci accounted for 43.5% of isolates, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. caused one third of the infections. No significant differences were found for in-hospital mortality nor patterns of resistance to antibiotics. The number of surgeries increased in the last two years, although the infection rate has returned to pre-pandemic levels. We observed a lower impact from subsequent waves of COVID-19 and despite an increase in the number of surgeries, the surgeries have not amounted to the full pre-pandemic levels.
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Introduction: Kidney transplant has improved in the last decades due to new technologies and surgical techniques. However, there are still multiple complications associated with this procedure, which can affect the function and viability of the kidney graft. Our aim was to describe the incidence of urological, vascular, and infectious complications in the 1st month after the procedure. Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out. Records of all patients who underwent kidney transplant from 2007 to 2017 were reviewed and data of demographic and surgical variables as well as information of vascular, urological, and infectious complications during the 1st post-operative month were registered and analyzed. Results: A total of 243 patients that required kidney transplant were assessed. The most common chronic kidney disease etiologies were: idiopathic (25.5%), glomerulopathies (24.7%), and hypertension (23.5%). Seventy patients (28.8%) presented a complication, of which 31 were urological, 27 were infectious, and 12 were vascular. In each category, the most frequent complications were the perirenal hematoma, the urinary tract infection, and renal artery stenosis, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of complications found in our center is similar to that reported in the literature and it is significant. It is important for medical personnel to be aware of this data to have a high level of suspicion and make an active search, as an early diagnosis and treatment of these pathologies are crucial to avoid graft loss
Introducción: El trasplante renal ha mejorado en las últimas décadas gracias a las nuevas tecnologías y técnicas quirúrgicas. Sin embargo, aún existen múltiples complicaciones asociadas a este procedimiento, que pueden afectar la función y viabilidad del injerto renal. Nuestro objetivo fue describir la incidencia de complicaciones urológicas, vasculares e infecciosas en el primer mes tras el procedimiento. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal. Se revisaron los expedientes de todos los pacientes que se sometieron a trasplante renal desde 2007 hasta 2017 y se registraron y analizaron datos de variables demográficas y quirúrgicas, así como información de complicaciones vasculares, urológicas e infecciosas durante el primer mes postoperatorio. Resultados: Se evaluaron un total de 243 pacientes que requirieron trasplante renal. Las etiologías de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) más frecuentes fueron: idiopática (25,5%), glomerulopatías (24,7%) e hipertensión arterial (23,5%). 70 pacientes (28,8%) presentaron alguna complicación, de los cuales 31 fueron urológicos, 27 infecciosos y 12 vasculares. En cada categoría las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron el hematoma perirrenal, la infección del tracto urinario y la estenosis de la arteria renal respectivamente. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de complicaciones encontrada en nuestro centro es similar a la reportada en la literatura y es significativa. Es importante que el personal médico conozca estos datos para tener un alto nivel de sospecha y realizar una búsqueda activa, ya que el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de estas patologías es fundamental para evitar la pérdida del injerto.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the pre-operative indocyanine green (ICG) test, the chemotherapy-associated liver injury (CALI), and the development of severe post-operative complications (POC) in patients operated of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine patients previously treated with chemotherapy and submitted to liver resection for CRLM were retrospectively studied. Two pathologists independently reviewed the pathological specimens and assessed the presence of CALI. The correlation between ICG clearance and specific pathological features was analyzed. In addition, a logistic regression analysis was performed to seek for pre-operative factors associated with severe complications. RESULTS: After a mean of 10.6 (± 7.5) chemotherapy cycles, 44 patients (63.8%) developed CALI. ICG retention rate at 15 min (ICG-R15) was not statistically different between patients with and without CALI and it could only discriminate the presence of centrilobular fibrosis. Rate of severe complications was almost 6-fold in patients with CALI compared to patients without CALI (p = 0.024). ICG-R15 ≥ 10% was the only independent risk factor associated with severe POC at multivariable logistic regression (OR = 4.075 95% CI: 1.077-15.422, p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-operative ICG clearance test, although not useful to identify patients with hepatic drug toxicity, is a strong predictor for the development of severe post-hepatectomy complications.
OBJETIVO: Investigar la relación entre el test de aclaramiento del verde de indocianina (ICG) preoperatorio, las alteraciones patológicas derivadas de la quimioterapia (CALI) y el desarrollo de complicaciones posoperatorias en los pacientes sometidos a resección hepática por metástasis de cáncer colorrectal (MCCR). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Sesenta y nueve pacientes previamente tratados con quimioterapia y operados de MCCR se estudiaron de manera retrospectiva. Dos patólogas revisaron independientemente el parénquima hepático no tumoral de los especímenes y determinaron la presencia de daño quimio-inducido. Se analizó la correlación entre el aclaramiento de ICG y las diferentes alteraciones anatomo-patológicas encontradas. Además, se realizó un análisis de regresión logística para identificar los factores preoperatorios asociados con las complicaciones posoperatorias. RESULTADOS: Tras una media de 10.6 (± 7.5) ciclos de quimioterapia, 44 pacientes (63.8%) desarrollaron CALI. La tasa de retención de ICG a los 15 minutos (ICG-R15) no fue estadísticamente diferente entre los pacientes con y sin CALI y solo pudo discriminar la presencia de fibrosis centrolobulillar. La tasa de complicaciones severas posoperatorias fue 6 veces superior en los pacientes con CALI, comparada con aquella de los pacientes sin CALI (p = 0.024). Un ICG-R15 ≥ 10% fue el único factor de riesgo independiente asociado a complicaciones severas (OR = 4.075 95% CI: 1.077-15.422, p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONES: La prueba preoperatoria de aclaramiento del ICG, a pesar de no identificar eficazmente los pacientes con daño por quimioterapia, es un fuerte predictor de desarrollo de complicaciones severas posoperatorias.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Hepatite , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Neoplasias Colorretais/complicações , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Humanos , Verde de Indocianina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: Nuevas técnicas en cirugía bariátrica han permitido disminuir las complicaciones y la mortalidad quirúrgica. Estas mejoras han hecho posible disminuir la estadía hospitalaria y acelerar el proceso de recuperación permitiendo un potencial protocolo de alta temprana. Objetivos: Describir la experiencia en la utilización de un protocolo diseñado de estadía abreviada, en pacientes posoperados de cirugía bariátrica. Materiales y Método: Estudio analítico, retrospectivo de cohorte. Se consideró una cohorte de pacientes en que se realizó cirugía bariátrica, en Clínica Santa María, por un solo cirujano, entre julio de 2014 y abril de 2019, sometidos a un protocolo diseñado de alta temprana. Fueron registradas la morbilidad, la mortalidad, las readmisiones y reintervenciones en el periodo de tiempo registrado. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 775 pacientes, 654 pacientes sometidos a gastrectomía en manga laparoscópica (GEM) y 101 pacientes sometidos a bypass gástrico en Y de Roux (RYGB). Hubo 8 complicaciones, sin mortalidad registrada. La tasa de readmisión/reintervención fue de 4,13%/2,27% para GEM y 4,55%/3,53% para RYGB. Conclusiones: En este grupo de pacientes pudimos demostrar una baja tasa de complicaciones, lo que apoya la idea de que un protocolo de alta temprana en pacientes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica es una alternativa factible y segura.
Introduction: New techniques in bariatric surgery have allowed to reduce complications and surgical mortality. These improvements have made it possible to reduce the hospital stay and accelerate the recovery process, allowing a potential early discharge protocol. Aim: To describe the experience in the use of a protocol designed for an abbreviated stay, in post-operated bariatric surgery patients. Materials and Method: Analytical, retrospective cohort study. A cohort of patients who underwent bariatric surgery, at the Santa María Clinic, by a single surgeon, between July 2014 and April 2019 and submitted to a designed early discharge protocol was considered. Morbidity, mortality, readmissions, and reoperations were recorded in the established period of time. Results: A total of 775 patients were included, 654 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (GEM) and 101 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). There were 8 complications, with no recorded mortality. The readmission/reoperation rate was 4.13%/2.27% for GEM and 4.55%/3.53% for RYGB. Conclusions: In this group of patients we were able to demonstrate a low rate of complications, which supports the idea that an early discharge protocol in patients undergoing bariatric surgery is a feasible and safe alternative.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Laparoscopia/métodos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Derivação Gástrica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido , Tempo de InternaçãoRESUMO
Introducción: El posicionamiento de implantes dentales simultáneos a la elevación de seno maxilar en rebordes con reabsorción severa < 4mm es una técnica quirúrgica sensible que disminuye los tiempos operatorios. Sin embargo, es considerada cirujano-dependiente y en caso de no darse el manejo adecuado puede generar complicaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar, luego de 24 meses de carga funcional, la estabilidad de los tejidos periimplantares del implante dental que se posicionó simultáneo a la elevación de seno maxilar en un reborde alveolar con reabsorción ósea severa < 4mm. Presentación de caso: Paciente masculino de 62 años con reabsorción ósea severa en zona de primer molar superior derecho. Luego de analizar los medios diagnósticos y la evidencia científica; se logró posicionar un implante dental simultáneo a la elevación de seno maxilar técnica de ventana lateral; cuatro meses después se realizó la segunda fase quirúrgica y finalmente fue rehabilitado con una corona en zirconio. Tuvo un periodo de seguimiento de 24 meses. Conclusiones: Un buen diagnóstico, manejo quirúrgico adecuado, la colaboración del paciente y los controles periódicos, resultan en una técnica segura, que proporciona estabilidad de los tejidos periimplantares(AU)
Introduction: Dental implant placement simultaneous with maxillary sinus lifting on ridges with severe resorption < 4 mm is a sensitive surgical technique that shortens the duration of interventions. However, it is considered to be operator dependent, and may cause complications if not appropriately managed. Objective: After 24 months of functional load, evaluate the stability of the peri-implant tissue of a dental implant placed simultaneously with maxillary sinus lifting on an alveolar ridge with severe bone resorption. Case presentation: A case is presented of a male 62-year-old patient with severe bone resorption in the area of the first upper right molar. Analysis of the diagnostic means and scientific evidence involved led to placement of a dental implant simultaneous with maxillary sinus lifting (lateral window technique). The second surgical stage was performed four months later. A zirconium crown was finally placed, and a 24-month follow-up period was started. Conclusions: With a good diagnosis, appropriate surgical management, patient cooperation and periodic controls, it is a safe technique that ensures the stability of peri-implant tissue(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reabsorção Óssea/diagnóstico , Implantes Dentários/efeitos adversos , Seio Maxilar/cirurgia , Assistência ao ConvalescenteRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Acute coronary artery obstruction is a rare complication of congenital heart disease surgery but imposes a high burden of morbidity and mortality. Previous case series have described episodes in specific congenital heart lesions or surgical repairs but have not examined the complication in all-comers to congenital heart surgery. We hypothesize that shorter time from a clinically recognized postoperative sentinel event suggestive of coronary ischemia to diagnosis of coronary obstruction is associated with improved clinical outcomes. METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective review of patients diagnosed with acute coronary artery obstruction by angiography following surgical repair of congenital heart disease between January 2000 and June 2016. RESULTS: In total, 34 patients were identified. The most common procedures associated with coronary artery obstruction were the Norwood procedure, arterial switch operation, and aortic valve repair/replacement. In total, 79% required mechanical circulatory support, 41% died, and 27% were listed for heart transplant. Patients who died or were listed for heart transplant had longer median sentinel-event-to-cardiac-catheterization time (28 [6-168] hours vs 10 [3-56] hours, P = .001), and longer median sentinel-event-to-intervention time (32 [11-350] hours vs 13 [5-59] hours, P = .003). Patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome were at greater risk of death or transplant listing (odds ratio, 9.23, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Time from clinically relevant postoperative sentinel event to diagnosis of coronary artery obstruction by angiography was associated with transplant-listing-free survival. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for coronary obstruction and consider early catheterization and coronary angiography for patients in whom post-operative coronary compromise is suspected.
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Oclusão Coronária , Cardiopatias Congênitas/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Oclusão Coronária/epidemiologia , Oclusão Coronária/mortalidade , Oclusão Coronária/cirurgia , Vasos Coronários/fisiopatologia , Vasos Coronários/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intestinal failure (IF) was first defined as "a reduction in the functioning gut mass below the minimal amount necessary for adequate digestion and absorption." In our environment, there are no statistical data for IF in adult patients' extended length of stay (LOS), nor the economic impact that it implies. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to describe the association between the IF type and extended LOS. METHODS: Patients admitted to our IF Unit between March 2016 and March 2018 were enrolled. We conducted a 2-year retrospective cross-sectional study. RESULTS: From the total of 53 patients, 35% corresponded to type I IF, 58.5% to type II IF, and 7.5% to type III IF. The mean LOS, according to the type of functional IF was 51 days for type I, 77.48 days for type II, and 68.25 days for type III. The mean LOS for the three IF types was 67.79 days. CONCLUSION: Extended LOS occurs in an important proportion of patients with IF, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, as well as in costs and associated side effects. Future research should focus on economic studies, to know the economic impact that this subject entails for our health systems.
ANTECEDENTES: En nuestro entorno no existen datos estadísticos sobre la falla intestinal en adultos, su estancia hospitalaria prolongada (EHP) ni el impacto económico que implica. OBJETIVO: Describir la asociación entre el tipo de falla intestinal y la estancia hospitalaria prolongada en pacientes de la unidad de falla intestinal del Hospital Central del Estado Chihuahua, México. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio transversal retrospectivo con un total de 53 participantes durante el periodo de marzo de 2016 a marzo de 2018. RESULTADOS: De los 53 pacientes, el 35% tuvieron falla intestinal tipo I, el 58.5% tipo II y el 7.5% tipo III. La media de estancia fue de 51 días para la falla intestinal tipo I, 77,48 días para la tipo II y 68,25 días para la tipo III. La media de estancia hospitalaria para los tres tipos de insuficiencia intestinal fue de 67,79 días. CONCLUSIONES: La estancia hospitalaria prolongada ocurre en una proporción importante de pacientes con falla intestinal, lo que resulta en un aumento de la morbilidad, la mortalidad y los costos. Investigaciones futuras deberían centrarse en la realización de estudios económicos para conocer el impacto que esta cuestión tiene para nuestros sistemas de salud.
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Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Enteropatias/classificação , Escores de Disfunção Orgânica , Estudos Transversais , Custos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades Hospitalares/economia , Unidades Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitalização/economia , Humanos , Enteropatias/epidemiologia , Enteropatias/cirurgia , Enteropatias/terapia , Tempo de Internação/economia , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , México/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/economia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da terapia nutricional imunomoduladora pré-operatória na taxa de complicação pós-operatória e sobrevida de pacientes com câncer gástrico. Métodos: Uma coorte retrospectiva foi formada após coleta de dados dos pacientes internados com câncer gástrico. Complicações pós-operatórias classificadas de acordo com ClavienDindo, tempo de internação hospitalar, reinternações e sobrevida de 6 meses, 1 ano e 5 anos foram analisados. Teste qui-quadrado ou exato de Fischer, teste t de Studant ou Mann Wthitney, Kaplan-Meier e Regressão de Cox foram utilizados na análise estatística. Resultados: Foram incluídos 164 pacientes, 56 no grupo imunonutrição e 108 no grupo convencional. Não houve diferenças significativas nas complicações pós-operatórias entre o grupo imunonutrição e o convencional (51,8% vs. 58,3%, p = 0,423). As complicações mais frequentes foram fístula e infecção de ferida operatória. O tempo de internação hospitalar não diferiu entre os grupos (mediana de 7,0 dias em ambos, p = 0,615) assim como a presença de reinternações (12,5% vs. 15,7%, p = 0,648). Na regressão multivariada de Cox, em modelo ajustado para grupo, idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal, índice de comorbidade de Charlson, estadiamento, quimioterapia neoadjuvante e tipo de cirurgia, houve diferença significativa na sobrevida em 6 meses (p = 0,011), 1 ano (p = 0,006) e 5 anos (p < 0,001). Conclusões: Terapia nutricional imunomoduladora no pré-operatório de pacientes com câncer gástrico não reduziu as complicações pós-operatórias ou o tempo de internação hospitalar. Apesar disso, essa suplementação pode melhorar a sobrevida de até 5 anos, quando associada a outros fatores de proteção.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of preoperative immunonutrition on the rate of postoperative complication and survival of patients with gastric cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort was formed after data collection of patients hospitalized with gastric cancer. Postoperative complications classified according to Clavien-Dindo, length of hospital stay, readmissions and survival of 6 months, 1 year and 5 years were analyzed. Chisquare test or Fisher's exact test, test-t of Student or Mann Whitney, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used in the statistical analysis. Results: Were included 164 patients, 56 in the immunonutrition group and 108 in the conventional group. There were no significant differences in the postoperative complications between the immunonutrition and the conventional group (51.8% vs. 58.3%, p = 0.423). The most frequent complications were fistula and surgical wound infection. Length of hospital stay did not differ between groups (median of 7.0 days in both, p = 0.615) and the presence of readmissions did not differ either (12.5% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.648). In the multivariate Cox regression, in a pooled model for group, age, sex, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, staging, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and type of surgery, there was a significant difference in survival at 6 months (p = 0.011), 1 year (p = 0.006) and 5 years (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Preoperative immunonutrition in patients with gastric cancer did not reduce postoperative complications or length of hospital stay. Despite this, this supplementation can improve the survival of up to five years, when associated with other protective factors.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Gástricas , Terapia Nutricional , Imunomodulação , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Indication of free tissue transfer for limb reconstruction continues to grow, and despite the good results with this treatment option, complications can impair the functional results and cause a raise in health costs, with prolonged hospitalization. Therefore, peri-operative surgical information and comorbidities were described and analyzed, for identification of independent risk factors for complications of free flaps results for traumatic wounds. For our knowledge, intraoperative ischemia time of free flap was not previously studied for post-traumatic limb reconstruction, which could influence results, in these traumatic cases, with the highest rates of complications among microsurgical flap reconstructions. METHODS: From July 2014 to January 2017, all patients with free flaps for limb reconstruction were consecutively included. Data on personal medical history, intra-operative microsurgical procedure, and laboratory tests were collected and complications analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. RESULTS: Sixty-two free flaps for traumatic limb reconstruction in 60 patients were studied. We observed a higher rate of complications in patients who underwent surgery > seven days after the trauma, patients with obesity, when used recipient veins from the superficial system for drainage of the flap, and in those in whom the ischemia time of the free flap was higher in univariate analyzes. After logistic regression, the remaining independent risk factors for complications were ischemia time of free flap > two hours and obesity. The presence of thrombocytosis was associated with partial flap loss. CONCLUSIONS: The independent risk factors for complications were ischemia time of free flap > two hours and obesity.
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Extremidades/cirurgia , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/efeitos adversos , Microcirurgia/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Extremidades/lesões , Feminino , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/irrigação sanguínea , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Ferimentos e Lesões/cirurgia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Introducción: la comunicación interventricular (CIV) es una cardiopatía congénita frecuente, que varía desde un defecto diminuto sin consecuencias hemodinámicas o un defecto grande, acompañado de insuficiencia cardiaca e hipertensión pulmonar. Aunque el tratamiento médico consigue controlar la insuficiencia cardiaca, es indudable que en algunos casos es necesario el cierre quirúrgico. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas del pre y post operatorio de los pacientes sometidos a cierre de CIV. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, que incluyo a 74 pacientes de 3 meses a 16 años de edad, sometidos a cierre quirúrgico de CIV en el Departamento de Cardiología Pediátrica del Hospital de Clínicas FCM-UNA en el periodo 2012-2017. Se describen variables clínicas, electrocardiográficas y ecocardiográficas en el pre y post operatorio. Se excluyeron los casos de óbito intra-operatorio, casos con defectos cardiacos congénitos complejos asociados a CIV y con canal auriculoventricular. Resultados: la CIV más frecuentemente intervenida fue la de tipo perimembranosa (95%) y la mayoría con clase funcional pre operatoria grado I (52%). Los parámetros post operatorios (electrocardiograma y ecocardiografía) normalizaron en la mayoría de los pacientes, con disminución de la evidencia de sobrecarga de las cámaras cardiacas. Se presentaron complicaciones infecciosas (67%) y pulmonares (neumotórax y atelectasias). La mortalidad fue 1,3%. Conclusión: el cierre quirúrgico de la CIV tuvo significativa morbilidad, baja mortalidad y excelente recuperación funcional.
Introduction: ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a frequent congenital heart disease, which varies from a minute defect without hemodynamic consequences to a large defect, accompanied by heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Although medical treatment manages to control heart failure, it is undoubted that in some cases surgical closure is necessary. Objective: to describe the clinical characteristics of the pre- and post-operative of patients undergoing IVC closure. Methodology: observational, descriptive, retrospective study, which included 74 patients from 3 months to 16 years of age, undergoing surgical closure of VSD in the Pediatric Cardiology Department of Hospital de Clínicas FCM-UNA in the 2012-2017 period. Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic variables are described in the pre- and postoperative period. Cases of intra-operative death, cases with complex congenital heart defects associated with VSD and atrioventricular canal were excluded. Results: the most frequently intervened VSD was the perimembranous type (95%) and the majority with preoperative grade I functional class (52%). Post-operative parameters (electrocardiogram and echocardiography) normalized in most patients, with a decrease in evidence of cardiac chamber overload. Infectious (67%) and pulmonary (pneumothorax and atelectasis) complications occurred. The mortality was 1.3%. Conclusion: Surgical closure of the VSD had significant morbidity, low mortality and excellent functional recovery.
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AIMS: Recently, nerve-sparing (NS) techniques have been incorporated in surgeries for deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) to prevent urinary complications. Our aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the risk of urinary retention after NS surgery for DIE compared with classical (non-NS) techniques. METHODS: Following the MOOSE guidelines for systematic reviews of observational studies, data were collected from published research articles that compared NS techniques with non-NS techniques in DIE surgery, with regard to post-operative urinary complications. INCLUSION CRITERIA: randomized clinical trials, intervention or observational (cohort and case-control) studies assessing women who underwent surgery for painful DIE. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: cancer surgery and women submitted to bladder or ureteral resections. The respective relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted and a forest plot was generated to show individual and combined estimates. RESULTS: Preliminarily, 1,270 potentially relevant studies were identified from which four studies were selected. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the risk of urinary retention at discharge and 90 days after surgery. We found a common RR of 0.19 [95%CI: 0.03-1.17; (I2 = 50.20%; P = 0.09)] for need of self-catheterization at discharge in the NS group in relation to the conventional technique. Based on two studies, common RR for persistent urinary retention (after 90 days) was 0.16 [95%CI: 0.03-0.84]. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest significant advantages of the NS technique when considering the RR of persistent urinary retention. Controlled studies evaluating the best approach to manage the urinary tract after complex surgery for DIE are needed. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:57-61, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Endometriose/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Retenção Urinária/epidemiologia , Retenção Urinária/etiologia , Endometriose/complicações , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos , HumanosRESUMO
AIM: This study aims to address and assess possible factors associated with nausea and vomiting (NV) following oral and maxillofacial surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was carried out in the period from December 2013 to January 2016 targeting all attended cases in that period. For statistical analysis, Pearson chi-square and Fisher tests were used to verify association and ANOVA and Student's t tests to test for significant difference, p was defined as ≤0.05. The sample group consisted of 207 patients with an average age of 33.56 years (±13.23), and 70.5% of subjects were male. RESULTS: Calculations based on the predictive model showed that a female patient with prior history of nausea and vomiting who used opioids and had intra-oral surgical access would have a 96% chance of experiencing a nausea and vomiting episode. Other factors like age, being overweight, anesthesia, surgery duration, and duration of hospital stay also contribute so that these aspects must be paid careful attention prior to surgery to ensure a suitably orientated treatment that will avoid disturbances caused by post-operative nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of post-operative nausea and vomiting after oral and maxillofacial surgery was found to be more higher incidence associated to female patients who used opioids, who had a prior history of NV, whose surgery involved intra-oral access, who were in the second or third decades of their lives, who have above average weight, and who have long anesthesia when undergoing surgery, resulting in a long hospital stays.
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/etiologia , Adulto , Comorbidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Varios estudios han descrito y analizado el funcionamiento de los servicios quirúrgicos orales/bucales en miras a introducir mejoras de calidad y disponibilidad de la atención. El objetivo del presente artículo es revisar los patrones de derivación, procedimentales y de complicaciones descritos en la literatura de corriente principal. En estudios realizados principalmente en Inglaterra y África, se determinó que los procedimientos más frecuentes son de baja complejidad, principalmente exodoncias, y dentro de las exodoncias, primariamente terceros molares. En la mayoría de los procedimientos se utilizó anestesia local y el motivo más común de derivación fue por extracciones múltiples, quirúrgicas o complicadas. La derivación fue dada principalmente por el odontólogo general, y en menor cantidad por odontólogo especialista, médico general y médico especialista. Son pocos los procedimientos que generan complicaciones postquirúrgicas, dentro de las cuales está alvéolo seco, infección, inflamación y dolor alrededor de las suturas y hemorragias.
Several studies have described and analyzed performance of oral surgical services with the aim of introducing improvement in care quality and availability. The aim of the present article was to review referral, procedure and complication patterns described in scientific literature. In studies mainly conducted in the United Kingdom and Africa, it was determined that most frequent procedures are of low complexity, mainly extractions, and within extractions, those of third molars. Local anesthesia was used in most procedures, the most common reasons for referral were multiple, surgical or complicated extractions. Referral was mainly executed by the general dentist, and in lesser amounts by the specialist dentist, general physician and specialist physician. Few procedures cause post-surgical complications. Among these we can count dry socket, infection, inflammation, pain around sutures and hemorrhage.
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Introdução: O câncer de pele em cabeça e pescoço tem incidência crescente no mundo, sendo o carcinoma basocelular e espinocelular os tipos mais frequentes. Não existe consenso absoluto para todas as situações tumorais conforme tipo histológico, tamanho, profundidade e localização da lesão. O objetivo é analisar a conduta abordada nessas neoplasias de pele em cabeça e pescoço, com ênfase nos tratamentos efetuados, recidivas e seguimento. Método: Foram analisados 69 pacientes com carcinoma basocelular ou de células escamosas tratados por cirurgia com congelação da lesão no intraoperatório, crioterapia ou Imiquimod 5% por 6 semanas. Com 36 meses de seguimento, observou-se a eficácia do tratamento escolhido, recidiva, intercorrências, complicações e satisfação estética do paciente. A análise estatística utilizou o teste exato de Fischer. Resultados: O tipo de reconstrução mais frequente foi o fechamento primário (71%). Não existem associações estatisticamente relevantes relacionando idade, sexo, classificação de Fitzpatrick, local/ tamanho da lesão, métodos de tratamento e recidiva. As principais complicações resultaram das cirurgias: um caso de necrose de retalho frontal, lesão parcial de nervo bucinador, estenose narinária. A recidiva tumoral nos casos operados foi de 4%. A crioterapia e uso do Imiquimod 5% causaram seis casos de reações locais leves com mais recidiva descritiva no tratamento de carcinoma basocelular (CBC) superficial (não estatisticamente relevante). Conclusões: Os CBC não superficiais e carcinoma espinocelular devem ser tratados cirurgicamente. Os CBC superficiais podem ser tratados com crioterapia e uso do Imiquimod 5% com menos complicações e melhor resultado estético, mas a recidiva tumoral é maior.
Introduction: The incidence of skin cancer on the head and neck is increasing worldwide, and basal and squamous cell carcinomas represent the most frequent types. There is no unanimous consensus for all tumor cases, based on the histological type, size, depth, and location of the lesion. The objective is to analyzed the approach used in skin neoplasias in the head and neck, focusing on the treatments performed, recurrence, and follow-up. Methods: Sixty-nine patients with basal or squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with surgery, cryotherapy, freezing of lesions in the intraoperative period, or 5% imiquimod were analyzed for 6 weeks. During 36 months of follow-up, the efficacy of the chosen treatment, recurrence, side effects, complications, and esthetic satisfaction of patients were observed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test. Results: The most frequent type of reconstruction was primary closure (71%). There were no statistically significant correlations between age, sex, Fitzpatrick classification, location/size of lesion, method of treatment, or recurrence. The main complications resulting from surgery were: a case of a frontal flap necrosis, a partial lesion of the buccinator nerve, and nasal stenosis. There was a 4% tumor recurrence in patients treated with surgery. The cryotherapy and 5% imiquimod treatments resulted in six cases of mild local reactions with a more pronounced recurrence in a patient with superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (not statistically significant). Conclusions: Non-superficial BCC and squamous cell carcinomas should be treated with surgery. Superficial BCCs may be treated with cryotherapy and 5% imiquimod with fewer complications and better aesthetic results, but this results in higher tumor recurrence.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , História do Século XXI , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Pele , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Ferimentos e Lesões , Carcinoma Basocelular , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Prontuários Médicos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Crioterapia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Prevenção Secundária , Imiquimode , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/terapia , Pele/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Ferimentos e Lesões/cirurgia , Ferimentos e Lesões/terapia , Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Carcinoma Basocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Basocelular/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Prontuários Médicos/normas , Crioterapia/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Prevenção Secundária/métodos , Imiquimode/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to design a scale for measuring the extent and severity of post-surgical complications in third molar surgery. A multi-stage study using a quantitative methodology and qualitative interview strategy was employed. The degree of importance of signs and symptoms in the evaluation of post-surgical complications was initially observed using a self-report questionnaire administered to maxillofacial surgeons and surgical residents at the International Conference of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in 2011. Then, using exploratory factor analysis, the items and components of the scale were established, with internal consistency determined using Cronbach's alpha. Finally, a group of experts performed a face validity analysis and provided conceptual definitions for the items and components. Thirty-six signs and symptoms were evaluated by 100 respondents, with the most relevant being 'suppuration' and 'abscess'. Factor analysis of the results identified three factors, defined as 'secondary complication', 'soft tissue infection', and 'osseous involvement' (Cronbach's alpha>0.7). Finally, a preliminary scale was designed comprised of these three components and 10 items. In this way, a preliminary scale for measuring post-surgical complications was designed to standardize the semiological concepts of post-surgical assessment. This scale will be assessed in a future investigation.
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Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/classificação , Padrões de Prática Odontológica , Chile , Demografia , Odontologia Baseada em Evidências , Análise Fatorial , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The technical aspects of RT in low-weight children should be specific, particularly with regard to VA. This retrospective study assesses the main VA options in paediatric RTs and proposes a new strategy for renal artery trajectory when using the Ao and the right iVC. The sample included 81 patients and was categorized into a group of children weighing <16 kg and the other group of children weighing 16 kg or more. The smaller children received the graft predominantly on the Ao and iVC (63%); however, the VA options varied in children weighing more than 16 kg, with anastomoses predominantly to the common iliac vessels (46%). In the first group, when the Ao was the selected vessel for anastomosis on the right side, the trajectory adopted for the transplanted kidney artery was posterior to the iVC. This strategy may reduce the risk of compression of the iVC by the renal artery of the donor kidney and may reconstitute the normal anatomy of the renal artery. Moreover, it did not represent a risk factor for graft loss in this sample.
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Peso Corporal , Artéria Ilíaca/cirurgia , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Artéria Renal/cirurgia , Veia Cava Inferior/cirurgia , Adolescente , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Este estudo pretendeu caracterizar e localizar a dor nas mulheres submetidas ao tratamento por câncer de mama. Estudo de caráter exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, pelas medidas de tendência central e percentual. Pesquisa desenvolvida no Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa e Assistência na Reabilitação de Mastectomizadas com 30 mulheres. Os dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro a agosto de 2008, por meio de instrumento contendo variáveis capazes de caracterizar e localizar a dor, e foram tratados por meio de média, mediana, moda e desvio-padrão e percentual. Destacou-se que 56,7% mulheres referiram que a dor é diária, 46,7% mulheres referiram que a dor teve início após a cirurgia da mama, e para 40% a dor é constante. Conhecimento, reconhecimento e manejo do sintoma permitem ofertas terapêuticas alternativas para o alívio da dor, minimizando efeitos físicos e emocionais que podem ser causados na vida de mulheres submetidas ao tratamento por câncer de mama.
Caracterizar y localizar el dolor en mujeres sometidas al tratamiento de cáncer de mama. Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, con medidas de tendencia central y porcentajes. La investigación fue desarrollada con 30 mujeres en el Núcleo de Enseñanza, Investigación y Asistencia en la Rehabilitación de Mastectomizadas. Los datos fueron colectados entre febrero y agosto de 2008 y recopilados por medio de instrumento que contiene variables capaces de caracterizar el dolor. El 56,7% de las mujeres destacaron el dolor diario; el 46,7%, informaron que el dolor tuvo inicio después de la cirugía y para 40% de las enfermas, el dolor es constante. El conocimiento, el reconocimiento y la gestión de las ofertas de los síntomas permiten terapias alternativas para disminuir el dolor, reducir al mínimo los efectos físicos y emocionales que se pueden causar en las vidas de las mujeres que reciben tratamiento para el cáncer de mama.
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Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor , Mastectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias da Mama , Saúde da MulherRESUMO
Introdução: A Triagem de Risco Nutricional (NRS 2002) foi propostapara identificar pacientes em risco nutricional, que podem sebeneficiar de terapia nutricional precoce. Os pacientes cirúrgicosdesnutridos possuem maior chance de apresentar complicaçõesdurante a internação hospitalar e elevado índice de morbidade emortalidade, sendo, portanto fundamental o monitoramento adequadodo estado nutricional.Objetivo: Identificar, por meio de revisão de literatura, a eficáciado método de triagem NRS 2002 em predizer desfechos clínicos empacientes cirúrgicos.Métodos: Foi realizada busca de artigos publicados no período de2003 a 2013, utilizando-se palavras-chaves em conformidade aosDescritores em Ciências da Saúde, nos idiomas inglês, português eespanhol. A seleção foi baseada nos títulos, resumos e descritores.Resultados: A alta taxa de prevalência de desnutrição no ambientehospitalar associa-se a um pior prognóstico, como maior tempode internação, maiores taxas de complicações infecciosas e não infecciosas,além da mortalidade. Dessa forma, é imperativo que essacondição seja detectada precocemente, a fim de se evitar tais desfechosnegativos, principalmente em pacientes cirúrgicos.Considerações finais: A triagem nutricional NRS 2002 permite aidentificação precoce e o tratamento da desnutrição, atenuando osefeitos adversos associados à desnutrição e melhorando o prognósticoclínico durante a internação.
Introduction: Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) was proposedto identify patients at nutritional risk who may benefit fromearly nutritional therapy. Malnourished surgical patients are morelkely to have complications during hospital stay and higher morbidityand mortality hospitalization and are therefore fundamentalto proper monitoring of nutritional status.Objective: To identify, through literature review, the effectivenessof NRS 2002 screening method for predicting clinical outcomes insurgical patients.Methods: A search was conducted for articles published in the period2003-2013, using keywords in accordance to Health SciencesDescriptors in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages . The selectionwas based on the titles, abstracts and keywords.Results: A high prevalence of malnutrition in hospitals is associatedwith a worse prognosis, longer hospitalization, higher rates ofinfectious and non-infectious complications, and mortality. Thus,it is imperative that this condition is detected early in order to avoidsuch negative outcomes, particularly in surgical patients.Conclusion: The nutritional screening NRS 2002 allows for theearly identification and treatment of malnutrition, mitigating theadverse effects associated with malnutrition and improving clinicaloutcomes during hospitalization.
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Humanos , Deficiências Nutricionais , Deficiências Nutricionais/diagnóstico , Pacientes Internados , Medidas de Associação, Exposição, Risco ou Desfecho , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Triagem/métodosRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: A confecção do complexo areolopapilar representa o estágio final nas reconstruções de mama, e talvez seja o mais difícil deles. Diversas técnicas são descritas, entretanto, a maioria delas não parece atingir a projeção adequada e sofre com a perda dessas com o passar do tempo, levando a um resultado final estético inadequado. O objetivo do trabalho é comparar e avaliar os resultados e eficácia de quatro técnicas cirúrgicas diferentes de confecção de papila, em cirurgias de reconstrução de mama nos últimos 3 anos. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 64 papilas reconstruídas, utilizando as técnicas de skate flap (n=17), double opposing flap (n=15), "4 pétalas" (n=22) e enxerto de papila contralateral (n=10). Os resultados foram avaliados, a longo prazo, por um examinador cego que classificou os resultados como totalmente satisfatório, satisfatório, parcialmente satisfatório e insatisfatório. RESULTADOS: O enxerto de papila apresentou resultados significativamente melhores que dos outros grupos (p= 0,012). Não houve diferença estatística quando, somente, avaliados os retalhos (excluindo o enxerto de papila)(p=0,102). Já avaliando o resultado da papila confeccionada em função do tipo de reconstrução primária feita, não houve diferença entre os grupos (p=0,563). CONCLUSÃO: O enxerto de papila contralateral se mostrou uma técnica mais efetiva e com melhores resultados. Na impossibilidade do seu uso, não há diferença entre as outras técnicas avaliadas, ficando a sua indicação àquela que se sinta mais familiarizado e capacitado a realizar.
NTRODUCTION: Reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex represents the final and perhaps most difficult stage in breast reconstruction. Several techniques have been described; however, most of the methods do not seem to achieve adequate projection and are associated with the loss of projection over time, leading to an inadequate final aesthetic result. The objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the results and effectiveness of four different surgical nipple reconstruction techniques in the last 3 years. METHOD: Sixty-four reconstructed nipples were evaluated using the skate flap (n = 17), double-opposing-tab flap (n = 15), four petals (n = 22), and contralateral nipple graft (n = 10) techniques. The results were evaluated in the long term by a blinded examiner who classified the results as fully satisfactory, satisfactory, partially satisfactory, or unsatisfactory. RESULTS: The nipple graft showed significantly better results than the other groups (p = 0.012). There was no statistical difference when only the flaps (excluding the contralateral nipple graft) were evaluated (p = 0.102). However, when evaluating the outcome of nipple reconstruction according to primary reconstruction type, no difference was observed among the groups (p = 0.563). CONCLUSION: The contralateral nipple graft technique proved to be the most efficient method that yielded better results; however, no difference was seen among the other evaluated techniques. Hence, when the contralateral nipple graft technique is not possible, surgeons should select the one with which they are most familiar.