RESUMO
Each year, the Brazilian Society for Virology promotes a national meeting during the second semester of the year. In October 2022, the 33rd meeting took place at Arraial da Ajuda, Porto Seguro, Bahia, in-person:.this was the first in-person meeting since 2019, as the 2020 and 2021 events occurred online due to the issues imposed by COVID-19. It was a great pleasure for the whole audience to return to an in-person event, which certainly improved the interactions between the attendees in all ways. As usual, the meeting involved massive participation of undergraduate, graduate, and postdoc students, and several noteworthy international researchers were present. During five afternoons and evenings, attendees could discuss and learn about the most recent data presented by distinguished scientists from Brazil and other countries. In addition, young virology researchers from all levels could present their latest results as oral presentations and posters. The meeting covered all virology areas, with conferences and roundtables about human, veterinary, fundamental, environmental, invertebrate, and plant virology. The costs associated with attending the in-person event caused a slight reduction in the number of attendees compared to the two online events. However, even with this issue, the attendance was impressive. The meeting successfully achieved its most important goals: inspiring young and senior scientists and discussing high-quality, up-to-date virology research.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Brasil , Sociedades Científicas , VirologiaRESUMO
The Brazilian Society of Virology has been organizing annual meetings for 32 years now. The 32nd annual meeting, which occurred in 2021, was once again an online meeting in consequence of the issues imposed by COVID-19, even with the vaccination advances. As in the 2020 meeting, the number of attendees was high, with considerable participation by undergraduate, graduate, and postdoc students. Distinguished scientists from different countries offered high-quality conferences, and oral presentation sessions were presented by young scientists showing their newest research results. For almost five hours a day during five days, attendees discussed high-quality science related to all areas of virology. Even with the difficulties imposed by another pandemic year, the 32nd SBV annual meeting achieved its most important goal-to inspire young scientists and discuss high-quality virology research.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Brasil/epidemiologia , HumanosRESUMO
RESUMEN En Antioquia, el cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) se ve afectado por diversas enfermedades virales, que ocasionan la disminución en la calidad de los frutos y de los rendimientos; sin embargo, pocos estudios han identificado, a nivel de especie, los agentes causales de dichas enfermedades. En los últimos años, la secuenciación de alto rendimiento (HTS), se ha convertido en una herramienta eficiente de diagnóstico de fitopatógenos, permitiendo la detección y la caracterización genómica de un alto número de virus, en diferentes plantas. En este trabajo, se evaluó la presencia de virus de ARN infectando tomate var. Chonto del oriente Antioqueño, mediante HTS y RT-PCR, en tiempo real (RT-qPCR), en muestras de tejido foliar y en semillas. El análisis de HTS indicó la infección de los virus Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato yellow vein virus (PYVV), Potato virus X (PVX), Southern tomato virus (STV) y Bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV), en los cultivos de tomate de esta región, obteniéndose los genomas completos de PYVV, STV y BPEV. Las pruebas de RT-qPCR indicaron la presencia de PYVV en el 100% de las muestras foliares analizadas, mientras que PVX, PVY, STV y PVS, se encontraron en niveles de 94,4, 77,8, 72,2 y 5,6%, respectivamente. La evaluación de estos virus en lotes de semilla sexual comercial y no comercial y en sus plantas derivadas evidenció la presencia de cinco virus en dicho material, con niveles de prevalencia del 13 al 93% e infecciones mixtas, que incluyeron combinaciones, desde dos a cinco virus.
ABSTRACT In Antioquia, the tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum) is seriously affected by a wide range of viral diseases that affect yield and the quality of fruits. Despite of this, there are few studies aimed at identifying these viruses at the species level. With the advent of High-throughput sequencing (HTS) methods, it is now possible to achieve an efficient characterization of viruses infecting plant hosts. In this work, the presence of RNA viruses infecting tomato var. Chonto in eastern Antioquia was tested using HTS and Real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) in leaf tissues and seeds. HTS revealed infection with Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato yellow vein virus (PYVV), Potato virus X (PVX), Southern tomato virus (STV) and Bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV). Complete genome sequences were obtained for PYVV, STV and BPEV. RT-qPCR showed prevalence of 100%, 94.4%, 77.8%, 72.2% and 5.6% for PYVV, PVX, PVY, STV and PVS in leaf samples, respectively. These viruses were also found infecting commercial and informal seeds and in their seedlings with a prevalence between 13 and 93%. Mixed infections were found to combine a mixture of two to five viruses.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Crop production and trade are two of the most economically important activities in Colombia, and viral diseases cause a high negative impact to agricultural sector. Therefore, the detection, diagnosis, control, and management of viral diseases are crucial. Currently, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and 'Omic' technologies constitute a right-hand tool for the discovery of novel viruses and for studying virus-plant interactions. This knowledge allows the development of new viral diagnostic methods and the discovery of key components of infectious processes, which could be used to generate plants resistant to viral infections. Globally, crop sciences are advancing in this direction. In this review, advancements in 'omic' technologies and their different applications in plant virology in Colombia are discussed. In addition, bioinformatics pipelines and resources for omics data analyses are presented. Due to their decreasing prices, NGS technologies are becoming an affordable and promising means to explore many phytopathologies affecting a wide variety of Colombian crops so as to improve their trade potential.
RESUMEN La producción y el comercio de cultivos es una de las actividades económicas más importantes para el país. Las enfermedades causadas por virus ocasionan graves pérdidas económicas en el sector, por lo tanto, la detección, diagnóstico y diseño de estrategias para su control y manejo es crucial. Las tecnologías de secuenciación masiva (NGS por sus siglas en ingles) y las ciencias Ómicas constituyen hoy, una herramienta para el descubrimiento de nuevos virus y para el estudio de la interacción entre los virus y su hospedero vegetal. Este conocimiento no solo permite el desarrollo de nuevos métodos de diagnóstico, sino también permite el descubrimiento de componentes claves en la infección, los cuales podrían usarse para obtener plantas resistentes a los virus. En el mundo, el manejo de cultivos se está trabajando con ese enfoque. Por lo tanto, en esta revisión se presentan las diferentes aplicaciones de las tecnologías ómicas en la virología de plantas y el avance que ha alcanzado Colombia. Adicionalmente, se muestran los diferentes recursos y programas usados para el análisis bioinformático de datos ómicos. Debido a su costo cada vez más reducido, las tecnologías NGS son una excelente oportunidad para explorar fitopatologías en una gran diversidad de productos agrícolas y para mejorar su potencial comercial.