RESUMO
Objectives: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling mental illnesses and it has a significant impact on society. This review aims to provide updated scientific evidence about the epidemiology of MDD. Methods: A systematic literature review of the PubMed and MEDLINE databases was performed to identify articles on the prevalence of MDD and its correlates. The search was restricted to manuscripts published between January 2001 and December 2018. Results: Sixty-three articles were included in the review. The lifetime prevalence of MDD ranged from 2 to 21%, with the highest rates found in some European countries and the lowest in some Asian countries. The main sociodemographic correlates were separated/divorced marital status and female gender. Child abuse, intimate partner violence, and comorbidity with other physical and mental disorders also were consistently associated with MDD across the reviewed studies. Conclusions: MDD is a highly prevalent condition worldwide. There are remarkable interregional differences in the disorder's prevalence, as well as in certain sociodemographic correlates. MDD is also highly comorbid with physical and mental health problems.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Prevalência , Estado CivilRESUMO
Condições inadequadas de trabalho estão diretamente relacionadas com a ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho e doenças ocupacionais, tais como Lesões por Esforço Repetitivo (LER) e Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT). Este trabalho teve por objetivo estimar a prevalência de queixas de dores e/ou desconfortos osteomusculares em colaboradores de uma Unidade Produtora de Refeições (UPR) e identificar condicionantes físicos e gestuais envolvidos na realização das atividades dos mesmos, estabelecendo uma comparação com diagnóstico médico previamente realizado. A amostra estudada foi composta por 36 colaboradores e para estimar a prevalência de sintomas osteornusculares utilizou-se o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e, a partir das respostas, foram calculadas frequências e porcentagens para as regiões acometidas. Os condicionantes físicos e gestuais foram determinados através de observação direta das tarefas realizadas pelos colaboradores, sendo posteriormente comparados com o diagnóstico médico documentado em relatório do Programa de Controle Médico de Saúde Ocupacional (PCMSO). Os resultados revelaram que 50% dos colaboradores relataram algum tipo de dor ou desconforto osteornuscular no período considerado. A região anatômica mais relatada foi a coluna lombar. O diagnóstico estabelecido no relatório do PCMSO identifica condições físicas e gestuais similares às observadas, destacando-se longa permanência na posição de pé e execução de movimentos repetitivos. Considera-se necessária a implementação de medidas ergonômicas no processo produtivo e de distribuição de refeições que visem eliminar ou reduzir o risco de desenvolvimento de LERlDORT nos colaboradores. (AU)
Inadequate conditions of work are directly related to the occurrence of work accidents and occupational diseases such as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs). The aim this study to estimate the prevalence of pain and/or musculoskeletal discomfort complaints in collaborators of a Food Production Unit (FPU) and identify physical and gestural constraints at their routine activities, comparing with a previously medical diagnosis. The sample consists of 36 collaborators. To estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was used the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and from the responses, frequencies and percentages were calculated for the affected regions. The physical and gesture constraints were determined by direct observation of collaborators routine activities and subsequently compared with the medical diagnosis documented in the report of the Occupational Health Medical Control Programme (OHMCP). The results revealed that 50% of respondents reported some type of musculoskeletal pain or discomfort in the period considered The most frequently anatomic region reported was the lumbar spine. The diagnosis in OHMCP report identfies physical and gestures constraints similar to those observed, especially long stay in the upright position and execution of repetitive movements. It is necessary to implement ergonomic practices in the production and distribution process of meals to eliminate or reduce the risk of RSI/WMSD in the collaborators. (AU)