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INTRODUCTION: The appearance of adverse drug reactions in neonates is an important issue due to the lack of drug safety data. OBJECTIVE: To identify the behavior of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in hospitalized neonates at two intensive care units in Barranquilla, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional prospective descriptive study based on patientcentered intensive pharmacosurveillance. We followed up and monitored the appearance of ADRs for six months. We used Naranjo's algorithm to assess causality, modified Hartwig and Siegel assessment scale to establish severity and Schumock and Thornton criteria to determine ADR preventability. RESULTS: We detected 123 adverse drug reactions in 78 neonates of the 284 monitored. The cumulative incidence of ADRs was 27.4% (78/284); incidence density was 30.60 ADRs per 1,000 patients/day (78/2,549). The most affected organ system was the digestive (33.6%). Systemic anti-infective drugs were the most involved pharmacological group. Most of the ADRs were mild (58.5%), 83% were classified as probable, 16.2% as possible and 0.8% as definite. CONCLUSIONS: ADR incidence was high in newborns, and it increased in preterm infants (less than 38 weeks of age).

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Resumen Introducción. La aparición de reacciones adversas a medicamentos es un tema relevante debido a la escasez de datos sobre la seguridad de los medicamentos en la población neonatal. Objetivo. Determinar el comportamiento de las reacciones adversas a medicamentos en neonatos hospitalizados en dos servicios de neonatología de Barranquilla, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal de período de farmacovigilancia intensiva centrada en el paciente. El seguimiento y la vigilancia de la aparición de reacciones adversas a medicamentos en neonatos se extendieron durante seis meses. Se utilizaron el algoritmo de Naranjo para evaluar la causalidad, la escala modificada de Hartwig y Siegel para establecer la gravedad y los criterios de Schumock y Thornton para determinar la posibilidad de evitarlas. Resultados. De los 284 pacientes en seguimiento, se detectaron 123 reacciones adversas en 78 neonatos, es decir, una incidencia de 27,4 % (78/284); la densidad de la incidencia fue de 30,60 reacciones adversas por 1.000 pacientes por día (78/2.549). El sistema orgánico más afectado fue el digestivo (33,6 %); los antibióticos sistémicos fueron los más implicados en las reacciones adversas. La mayoría de estas fueron leves (58,5 %), el 83 % se clasificaron como probables, el 16,2 %, como posibles, y el 0,8 %, como definitivas. Conclusiones. La incidencia de las reacciones adversas a medicamentos en neonatos fue alta, especialmente en los pacientes prematuros (menos de 38 semanas).

Abstract Introduction: The appearance of adverse drug reactions in neonates is an important issue due to the lack of drug safety data. Objective: To identify the behavior of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in hospitalized neonates at two intensive care units in Barranquilla, Colombia. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional prospective descriptive study based on patientcentered intensive pharmacosurveillance. We followed up and monitored the appearance of ADRs for six months. We used Naranjo's algorithm to assess causality, modified Hartwig and Siegel assessment scale to establish severity and Schumock and Thornton criteria to determine ADR preventability. Results: We detected 123 adverse drug reactions in 78 neonates of the 284 monitored. The cumulative incidence of ADRs was 27.4% (78/284); incidence density was 30.60 ADRs per 1,000 patients/day (78/2,549). The most affected organ system was the digestive (33.6%). Systemic anti-infective drugs were the most involved pharmacological group. Most of the ADRs were mild (58.5%), 83% were classified as probable, 16.2% as possible and 0.8% as definite. Conclusions: ADR incidence was high in newborns, and it increased in preterm infants (less than 38 weeks of age).

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