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Green propolis is a resin produced from Baccharis dracunculifolia, which has as its main compounds flavonoids, derivatives of cinnamic acids, such as artepillin C and baccarin. This resin has antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. This review aimed to analyze pharmaceutical patents containing green propolis in various formulations. The search was conducted in the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), the Patent Search of Spain and Latin America (Latipat-Espacenet), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), and Google Patents, with a combination of the keywords green propolis, green propolis extract, pharmacology, and pharmaceutical product. Primary research identified 60 patents, from which 22 were selected after applying the inclusion criteria. The selected patents referred to products with pharmacological activities, from cancer treatment to food supplements and included innovations for improved controlled release of the green propolis compounds. Most of the documents concerned the preparation and/or formulation of the green propolis extract, followed by innovative extraction methods, treatment and systemic use, and finally by topical use and quality control techniques and procedures. Thus, the reviewed patents of green propolis provided valuable insights into the pharmaceutical applications of green propolis, showing its potential in diverse formulations and treatments.
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Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. is a perennial herbaceous plant found mainly in tropical areas, particularly in Southeast Asia, South America, and India. Various parts of V. cinerea have traditionally been used in folk medicine to treat several diseases, such as malaria, fever, and liver diseases. V. cinerea has so far yielded about 92 secondary metabolites. The majority of these are sesquiterpene lactones, but triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, and other compounds are present as well. V. cinerea crude extracts reportedly exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and renoprotective activities. This study aims to provide the latest up-to-date information on the botanical characterization, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activity of V. cinerea. Information on V. cinerea was thoroughly reviewed. The literature published between 1950 and 2024 was compiled through online bibliographic databases, including SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Wiley, and the MDPI online library. The keywords used for the literature search included Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. and the synonyms Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob., Conyza cinerea L., and various others.
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Medicina Tradicional , Compostos Fitoquímicos , Extratos Vegetais , Vernonia , Vernonia/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Humanos , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Animais , América do Sul , Sudeste AsiáticoRESUMO
Species of the genus Kalanchoe have a long history of therapeutic use in ethnomedicine linked to their remarkable healing properties. Several species have chemical and anatomical similarities, often leading to confusion when they are used in folk medicine. This review aims to provide an overview and discussion of the reported traditional uses, botanical aspects, chemical constituents, and pharmacological potential of the Kalanchoe species. Published scientific materials were collected from the PubMed and SciFinder databases without restriction regarding the year of publication through April 2023. Ethnopharmacological knowledge suggests that these species have been used to treat infections, inflammation, injuries, and other disorders. Typically, all parts of the plant are used for medicinal purposes either as crude extract or juice. Botanical evaluation can clarify species differentiation and can enable correct identification and validation of the scientific data. Flavonoids are the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified from Kalanchoe species and can be correlated with some biological studies (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential). This review summarizes several topics related to the Kalanchoe genus, supporting future studies regarding other unexplored research areas. The need to conduct further studies to confirm the popular uses and biological activities of bioactive compounds is also highlighted.
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Crassulaceae , Kalanchoe , Plantas Medicinais , Fitoterapia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Etnofarmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/químicaRESUMO
Because of the increasing demand for natural products, the development of nanoformulations containing natural active ingredients requires in-depth knowledge of the substances used, methods of obtaining, and stability profiles to ensure product quality, efficacy, and safety. Considering this, the bibliography of the last five years presented in databases (PubMed and Science Direct) was discussed in this work, discussing the study with medicinal plants to obtain active metabolites with therapeutic properties, as well as the different nano-systems responsible for carrying these molecules. Due to the wealth of biodiversity found in the world, many species are submitted to the extraction process for several purposes. However, identifying, classifying, and quantifying the constituents of herbal matrices are crucial steps to verify their therapeutic potential. In addition, knowing the techniques of production and elaboration of nanotechnology products allows the optimization of the incorporation of herbal extracts as an innovation target. For studies to be successful, it is necessary to exhaust experimental results that guarantee the efficacy, safety, and quality of natural nanosystems, with the objective of obtaining reliable answers in nanotechnology therapy.
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Produtos Biológicos , Plantas Medicinais , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Fitoterapia/métodos , NanotecnologiaRESUMO
Glycycoumarin is a representative coumarin compound with significant pharmacological activities isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Fabaceae. Studies have shown that glycycoumarin has many biological activities, such as anti-tumor, liver protection, antispasmodic, antibacterial, and antivirus. However, the poor solubility of glycycoumarin in water and the accompanying reactions of the phase I (hydroxylation) and II (glucuronidation) metabolism limit its druggability, which manifests as low absorption in the body after oral administration and low free drug concentration, ultimately leading to low bioavailability. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetics of glycycoumarin is presented to provide a reference for further research and application as a therapeutic agent. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-022-00342-x.
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For centuries, traditional medicine from plants (phytotherapy) was the only treatment for infectious and non-infectious diseases. Although it is still practiced in several countries with excellent therapeutic results, it is frequently underestimated because, unlike Western medicine, it is not based on an empirical scientific foundation. However, interest in the search for plant-based therapeutic resources has been stimulated by disciplines such as phytochemistry and the side effects of conventional pharmacological therapies. For example, Larrea tridentata is a perennial shrub used in traditional medicine in northern Mexico and the southern United States to treat infertility, rheumatism, arthritis, colds, diarrhea, skin problems, pain, inflammation and excess body weight. Scientific research has revealed its beneficial effects-antioxidant, antitumor, neuroprotective, regenerative, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anthelmintic, antiprotozoal and insecticidal-although reports indicate that some compounds in Larrea tridentata may be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic. Therefore, the aim of this review was to highlight the updates regarding phytochemical compounds and the pharmacological properties of Larrea tridentata.
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Larrea , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Larrea/química , Medicina Tradicional , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , PlantasRESUMO
The use of plants as therapeutic agents is part of the traditional medicine that is practiced by many indigenous communities in Ecuador. The aim of this study was to update a review published in 2016 by including the studies that were carried out in the period 2016-July 2021 on about 120 Ecuadorian medicinal plants. Relevant data on raw extracts and isolated secondary metabolites were retrieved from different databases, resulting in 104 references. They included phytochemical and pharmacological studies on several non-volatile compounds, as well as the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). The tested biological activities are also reported. The potential of Ecuadorian plants as sources of products for practical applications in different fields, as well the perspectives of future investigations, are discussed in the last part of the review.
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The discovery of new pharmaceutical identities, particularly anti-infective agents, represents an urgent need due to the increase in immunocompromised patients and the ineffectiveness/toxicity of the drugs currently used. The scientific community has recognized in the last decades the importance of the plant kingdom as a huge source of novel molecules which could act against different type of infections or illness. However, the great diversity of plant species makes it difficult to select them with probabilities of success, adding to the fact that existing information is difficult to find, it is atomized or disordered. Persicaria and Polygonum constitute two of the main representatives of the Polygonaceae family, which have been extensively used in traditional medicine worldwide. Important and structurally diverse bioactive compounds have been isolated from these genera of wild plants; among them, sesquiterpenes and flavonoids should be remarked. In this article, we firstly mention all the species reported with pharmacological use and their geographical distribution. Moreover, a number of tables which summarize an update detailing the type of natural product (extract or isolated compound), applied doses, displayed bioassays and the results obtained for the main bioactivities of these genera cited in the literature during the past 40 years. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anticancer, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-diabetic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, gastroprotective and neuropharmacological activities were explored and reviewed in this work, concluding that both genera could be the source for upcoming molecules to treat different human diseases.
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Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Polygonaceae/química , Analgésicos/química , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Etnofarmacologia , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/química , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Polygonum/químicaRESUMO
The Myrtaceae family is considered one of the largest known botanical families and the genus Psidium is among the most economically interesting. Psidium genus comprises approximately 112 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of Psidium guavaja species. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of phenolics as the main compounds, as well as the essential oils, which were also widely investigated. Pharmacological studies report analgesic, anthelminthic, acaricidal, antihiperglicemic, among other biological activities for different species. The present review covers the relevant literature until 2019 and outlines the current data on chemical composition, preclinical and clinical studies on Psidium species, as well as the main possible mechanisms of action responsible for the described activities. Therefore, it can provide a reference for pharmaceutical research and clinical application of this genus.
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Óleos Voláteis , Compostos Fitoquímicos , Psidium , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Psidium/químicaRESUMO
Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith is an endemic tree from Northeastern Brazil used in folk medicine as teas, decocts and syrups for the treatment of various respiratory and inflammatory diseases, since therapeutic properties have been attributed to compounds from its stem bark and seeds. Numerous pharmacological properties of semi-purified extracts and isolated compounds from A. cearensis have been described in several biological systems, ranging from antimicrobial to anti-inflammatory effects. Some of these activities are attributed to coumarins and phenolic compounds, the major compounds present in A. cearensis seed extracts. Multiple lines of research demonstrate these compounds reduce oxidative stress, inflammation and neuronal death induced by glutamate excitotoxicity, events central to most neuropathologies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). This review focuses on the botanical aspects, folk medicine use, biological effects and pharmacological activities of A. cearensis compounds and their potential as novel non-toxic drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Fabaceae/química , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Humanos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Trans-resveratrol (TR) is the biological active isomer of resveratrol and the one responsible for therapeutic effects; both molecules are non-flavonoid phenolics of the stilbenes class found mainly in berries and red grapes. TR biological properties lie in modulation of various enzymatic classes. It is a promising candidate to novel drugs due its applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, such as anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antiacne, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and photoprotector agent. It has effects on bone metabolism, gastrointestinal tract, eyes, kidneys, and in obesity treatment as well. Nevertheless, its low solubility in water and other polar solvents may be a hindrance to its therapeutic effects. Various strategies been developed to overcome these issues, such as the drug delivery systems. The present study performed a research about methods to identify TR and RESV in several samples (raw materials, wines, food supplements, drug delivery systems, and blood plasma). Most of the studies tend to analyze TR and RESV by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with different detectors, even so, there are reports of the use of capillary electrophoresis, electron spin resonance, gas chromatography, near-infrared luminescence, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and vibrational spectrophotometry, for this purpose. Thus, the review evaluates the biological activity of TR and demonstrates the currently used analytical methods for its quantification in different matrices.
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Técnicas de Química Analítica/métodos , Resveratrol/análise , Resveratrol/farmacologia , Animais , Humanos , Resveratrol/químicaRESUMO
Manilkara zapota (Sapotaceae), commonly known as Sapodilla, is widely known for its delicious fruit. Various parts of this plant are also used in folk medicine to treat a number of conditions including fever, pain, diarrhoea, dysentery, haemorrhage and ulcers. Scientific studies have demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, anti-hypercholesteremic, antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective activities in several parts of the plant. Phytochemical studies have revealed the presence of phenolic compounds including protocatechuic acid quercitrin, myricitrin, catechin, gallic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, etc. as main constituents of the plant. Several fatty acids, carotenoids, triterpenes, sterols, hydrocarbons and phenylethanoid compounds have also been isolated from M. zapota. The present review is a comprehensive description focused on pharmacological activities and phytochemical constituents of M. zapota.
Manilkara zapota (Sapotaceae), comuÌnmente conocida como Sapodilla, es ampliamente conocida por su delicioso fruto. Variadas partes de esta planta se usan en medicina popular para tratar una serie de afecciones, como fiebre, dolor, diarrea, disenteriÌa, hemorragia y uÌlceras. Estudios cientiÌficos han demostrado actividad analgeÌsica, antiinflamatoria, antioxidante, citotoÌxica, antimicrobiana, antidiarreica, antihipercolesteroleÌmica, antihipergluceÌmica y hepatoprotectora en diferentes partes de la planta. Los estudios fitoquiÌmicos han revelado la presencia de compuestos fenoÌlicos que incluyen aÌcido protocatechuÌico, quercitrina, miricitrina, catequina, aÌcido galico, aÌcido vaniÌlico, aÌcido cafeico, aÌcido siriÌnico, aÌcido cumaÌrico, aÌcido fuÌnico y aÌcido feruÌlico como componentes principales de la planta. Varios aÌcidos grasos, carotenoides, triterpenos, esteroles, hidrocarburos y compuestos feniletanoides tambieÌn han sido aislados de M. zapota. La presente revisioÌn es una descripcioÌn exhaustiva centrada en las actividades farmacoloÌgicas y los constituyentes fitoquiÌmicos de M. zapota.
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Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Manilkara/química , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/farmacologia , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Saponinas/farmacologia , Esteróis/isolamento & purificação , Esteróis/farmacologia , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Carotenoides/isolamento & purificação , Carotenoides/farmacologia , Sapotaceae/química , Compostos Fenólicos/análise , Medicina TradicionalRESUMO
Erythrina L. genus (Fabaceae) comprises about 115 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of its alkaloids, which have pharmacological properties. References demonstrated that Erythrina spp. have a potential to act in the central nervous system, presenting anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties already established. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of tetracyclic alkaloids as the major compounds. However, other alkaloid classes have also been reported, including dimeric and trimeric substances, coupled through direct polymerization or two erythrinine units via an acetyl glucose. The present review covers the relevant literature from 1990 until 2017 and outlines the current data on chemical composition and preclinical and clinical studies on Erythrina species. Additionally, the quite striking analogy in the biosynthetic route of erythrin, morphinans, and Amaryllidaceae family alkaloids was also discussed.
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Alcaloides/uso terapêutico , Erythrina/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Alcaloides/farmacologia , HumanosRESUMO
Copaifera is a genus of large trees found in Brazil, mainly in Amazon forest, but also in Atlantic forest and cerrado biomes. It has also been found in other countries in South America. In Africa, it is found mainly in Congo, Cameroon, Guinea and Angola. Its oleoresin has been used in folk medicine in the treatment of numerous healthy disorders, such as urinary, respiratory, skin and inflammatory diseases, for which there are several studies corroborating its ethnopharmacological uses. It is also extensively employed in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries in the development of ointments, pills, soaps, perfumes, among others. Copaifera oleoresin contains mainly diterpenes, such as: kaurenoic acid, kaurenol, copalic acid, agathic acid, hardwiickic acid, polyalthic acid, and sesquiterpenes, comprising ß-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, α-copaene, α-humulene, γ-muurolene and ß-bisabolol, among other compounds. On the other hand, Copaifera leaves contain mainly phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and methylated galloylquinic acid derivatives. Therefore, considering the economic importance of Copaifera oleoresin, its ethnopharmacological uses, the need to develop new pharmaceuticals for the treatment of many diseases, as well as the pharmacological potential of the compounds found in Copaifera spp., it was undertaken a review covering mostly the last two decades on the distribution, chemistry, pharmacology, quality control and safety of Copaifera species.
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Fabaceae/química , Medicina Tradicional/métodos , Preparações de Plantas/farmacologia , África , Animais , Etnofarmacologia , Humanos , Preparações de Plantas/efeitos adversos , Preparações de Plantas/química , América do SulRESUMO
In the current study the ability of copper complex to exert multiple biological activities is combined with the pharmacological action of sertraline (SerH2Cl, antidepressant drug). The hydrated and anhydrous forms of the tetrachlorocuprate(II) salts, namely (SerH2)2[CuCl4]·½H2O and (SerH2)2[CuCl4], were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical methods. The crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The hydrate complex crystallizes in the monoclinic P21 space group with a=8.0807(2) Å, b=36.2781(8) Å, c=12.6576(3) Å, ß=95.665(2)°, and Z=4 molecules per unit cell and the un-hydrate in P21 with a=13.8727(6) Å, b=7.5090(3) Å, c=18.618(1) Å, ß=104.563(6)°, and Z=2. It has been suggested that Cu(II) ions might be critical in the development of mood disorders, showed potent biocidal activity, and also acted as analgesic adjuvant. To improve sertraline efficiency, the antidepressant and analgesic activities of the complex have been assessed in rats denoting a marked synergistic effect. Antithyroid and antimicrobial activities were also evaluated. Because depressive disorders and hyperthyroidism diseases led to an oxidative stress state, antioxidant capability has also been tested. The complex behaved as a good superoxide radical scavenger (IC50=6.3×10-6M). The ability of the complex to act as bromoperoxidase mimic was assessed. A pseudo-first order constant of k=0.157±0.007min-1 has been determined. The complex evidences promising biological-pharmacological activities and the albumin binding studies showed a Kb of 2.90×103M-1 showing an improvement in the uptake of sertraline by albumin at 8h incubation (time required for effective interaction of sertraline with the protein).
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Analgésicos , Anti-Infecciosos , Antidepressivos , Complexos de Coordenação , Cobre , Sertralina , Analgésicos/síntese química , Analgésicos/química , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/síntese química , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antidepressivos/síntese química , Antidepressivos/química , Antidepressivos/farmacologia , Bovinos , Complexos de Coordenação/síntese química , Complexos de Coordenação/química , Cobre/química , Cobre/farmacologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Sertralina/química , Sertralina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Presently the search for new drugs from natural resources is of growing interest to the pharmaceutical industry. Natural products have been the source of new drugs since ancient times. Plants are a good source of secondary metabolites which have been found to have beneficial properties. The present study is a review of the chemistry and pharmacology of Citrus sinensis. This review reveals the therapeutic potential of C. sinensis as a source of natural compounds with important activities that are beneficial for human health that could be used to develop new drugs.
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Produtos Biológicos/química , Citrus sinensis/química , Descoberta de Drogas , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , HumanosRESUMO
Acai (acai or assai) is one of the Amazon's most popular functional foods and widely used in the world. There are many benefits to its alleged use in the growing market for nutraceuticals. The acai extracts have a range of polyphenolic components with antioxidant properties, some of those present in greater quantity are orientin, isoorientin and vanillic acid, as well as anthocyanins cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside. The presence of these substances is linked mainly to the antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, anti-proliferative and cardioprotective activities. Importantly, there are two main species of the Euterpe genus which produce acai. There are several differences between them but they are still quite unknown, from literature to producers and consumers. In this review are highlighted the chemical composition, botanical aspects, pharmacological, marketing and nutrition of these species based on studies published in the last five years in order to unify the current knowledge and dissimilarities between them.
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Arecaceae/química , Alimento Funcional/análise , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Bebidas/análise , Frutas/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologiaRESUMO
RESUMO Byrsonima verbascifolia Rich ex. A. Juss é uma espécie do cerrado brasileiro com uso etnobotânico vasto. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico de artigos originais e revisões, indexados até agosto de 2014 nas bases de dados Periódicos CAPES, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science e Medline, nos idiomas português e inglês, utilizando a palavra-chave Byrsonima verbascifolia. Foram contemplados a composição química e os aspectos botânicos, etnobotânicos e farmacológicos. Os estudos presentes na literatura avaliaram as atividades antioxidante, antifúngica, antiviral, antimicrobiana, moluscicida, antimutagênica, mutagênica, teratogênica, imunomodulatória, tóxica e citotóxica de extratos dessa espécie. Apenas um estudo avaliou a atividade da Byrsonima verbascifoliaRich ex. A. Juss in vivo, sendo comprovado que o extrato hidrometanólico das folhas não induz teratogênese, mutagênese ou efeito estimulante ou depressor da resposta imune. Metodologias in vitro predominaram o que demonstra a necessidade de investigação científica empregando testes in vivo para a melhor avaliação das outras atividades biológicas mencionadas.
ABSTRACT Byrsonima verbascifolia is a species of Brazilian cerrado with extensive ethnobotanical application. The aim of this study was to perform a bibliographic description of original papers and reviews indexed until August 2014 in the databases of the CAPES Digital Library, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline, written in Portuguese and English, using the keyword Byrsonima verbascifolia. The chemical and botanical compositions and the ethnobotanical and pharmacological aspects were contemplated. The researches in the reports evaluated the antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral, antimicrobial, molluscicide, antimutagenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, immunomodulatory, toxic and cytotoxic activities of the extracts of this specie. Only one study evaluated the in vivo activity of the Byrsonima verbascifolia Rich ex. A. Juss and proved that the hydromethanolic extract from the leaves does not induce teratogenesis, mutagenesis, stimulant or depressant effect of the immune response. The In vitro methodologies represented the higher number of researches demonstrating the need of scientific investigation using in vivo tests for better assessment of other biological activities mentioned.
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Farmacologia/classificação , Botânica/classificação , Compostos Químicos/análise , Etnobotânica/classificação , Malpighiaceae/química , Técnicas In Vitro/instrumentação , Anti-Inflamatórios/síntese químicaRESUMO
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum é a única espécie representante brasileira deste gênero de Myrtaceae. Tem sido popularmente utilizada no tratamento de diversas enfermidades, assim como condimento e aromatizante de bebidas, por seu sabor muito similar ao cravo-da-índia. Em menor escala, é empregada em carpintaria e na arborização urbana. Diversos autores analisaram a composição química do óleo essencial da espécie em diferentes regiões do Brasil, encontrando eugenol, metileugenol, (E) metilisoeugenol, chavibetol, geranial e neral como composto predominante nos espécimes estudados. Visando ressaltar a importância de P. pseudocaryophyllus como potencial fonte de recursos assim como subsidiar ações de manejo adequado esta revisão apresenta os principais aspectos botânicos, ecológicos, etnobotânicos e farmacológicos da espécie.
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum is the only Brazilian species representative of this Myrtaceae genus. It has being traditionally used in the treatment of many diseases as well for seasoning food and flavoring beverages due to its similarity with clove flavor. In a minor scale, it is used in carpentry and as urban tree. Many authors have analyzed the chemical composition of the leaf essential oil in different regions of Brazil, founding eugenol, metileugenol, (E) metilisoeugenol, chavibetol, geranial e neral as main component in the specimens studied. Aiming to highlight the importance of P. pseudocaryophyllus as potential source of natural products and to provide some base to the adequate management actions, a review on botanical, ecological, ethnobotanical and pharmacological aspects of this species is presented.
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Etnobotânica/classificação , Ações Farmacológicas , Pimenta/metabolismo , Óleos Voláteis/análise , Polygonum/classificaçãoRESUMO
Physalis angulata is a specie of the Solanaceae family, which edible fruit is used in several countries of tropical and subtropical regions of the world as medicinal and fruit-tree. This review shows research over the last 30 years, about traditional uses, chemical constituents and pharmacology of this specie. The studies related to traditional uses show that P. angulata is known for its antimalarial, anti-inflammatory and post-partum treating properties. It presents the different pharmacological experiments in vitro and in vivo models that have been made, also the identification of phytochemical constituents with medicinal importance, the main being physalins and withanolides. Pharmacological studies have shown antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, antimalarial, antileishmanial, immunosuppressive, antiasthmatic diuretic, and antitumor activities, thus validating its traditional uses and demonstrating the great potential of this specie for further development within the pharmaceutical industry.
Physalis angulata, es una especie de la familia Solanaceae, de frutos comestibles, que en diferentes países de regiones tropicales y subtropicales del mundo utilizan como medicinal y frutal. La presente revisión muestra las investigaciones realizadas durante los últimos 30 años, sobre los usos tradicionales, componentes químicos y farmacología de esta especie. Los estudios referidos a los usos tradicionales, muestran que la especie es conocida por propiedades antimaláricas, antiinflamatorias y en el tratamiento de postparto. Se muestran los diferentes experimentos farmacológicos de ensayos in vitro y modelos in vivo que se han realizado, asimismo la identificación de sus constituyentes fitoquímicos con importancia medicinal, siendo los principales las fisalinas y los witanólidos. Los estudios farmacológicos revelan que tiene actividad antiparasitaria, antiinflamatoria, antimicrobiana, antinociceptiva, antimalárica, antileishmania, inmunosupresor, antiasmático, diurético y antitumoral, validando de esta manera sus usos tradicionales y demostrando el gran potencial que tiene esta especie para un mayor desarrollo dentro de la industria farmacéutica.