RESUMO
Due to their intimate relationship with human beings, animals can experience abuse, especially in the family environment. Research on the variables involved in this topic is scarce in Latin America. The objective of this study was to identify the main types of animal abuse in Brazilian municipalities and to characterize animals and perpetrators in addition to identifying the socioeconomic factors associated with the incidents. The occurrences of animal abuse were analyzed from the records of the Police Station Specialized in Fauna Crimes Investigation Department of the Civil Police of Minas Gerais operating in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from September 2016 to September 2018. Events involving cruelty to animals were categorized as active maltreatment, while acts of omission, which refer to neglected animals, were categorized as passive maltreatment, defined according to sets of nutritional, health, behavioral, and comfort indicators. Cruel crimes were the most frequently registered (45.7 %, 101/221), with intoxication and aggression being the most common types. Active maltreatment generated more deaths compared to passive maltreatment (OR: 3.900, 95 % CI: 1.873-8.588, p<0.05). Regarding abuse, dogs were the most affected animals (59.7 %, 132/221), followed by felines (14.9 %, 33/221), equine (5.4 %, 12/221), birds (5.8 %, 13/221), poultry (2.7 %, 6/221), reptiles (2.2 %, 5/221), and other groups of animals (9.0 %, 20/221). Adults were the most frequently reported (55.2 %, 122/221) age of abused animals. Cats were the main cruelty victims, with the highest chance of death (OR: 6.829, 95 %CI: 2.916-16.696, p<0.05) and were those who suffered most from intoxication abuse (OR: 4.72, 95 % CI 1.585-14.996, p=0.001). The perpetrators of abuse were predominantly males (66.8 %, 137/205) aged between 40 and 59 years (38.6 %, 53/137). Perpetrators of committing animal cruelty were 3.57 times more likely to be male and 2.5 times more likely to have no college education. The perpetrators of animal abandonment had a 25 times greater chance of being between 18 and 24 years old compared to the category between 40 and 59 years old and perpetrators of animal intoxication had 5 times greater chance of being also between 18 and 24 years old. Among all victimized animals, dogs and cats were the most affected, probably due to their close relationships with humans. Understanding the profile of victims and suspects involved in neglect maltreatment and cruelty to animals is fundamental to the establishment of policies and strategies to prevent and restrain these activities.
Assuntos
Bem-Estar do Animal , Adolescente , Adulto , Agressão , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Gatos , Cães , Feminino , Cavalos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar cães com doença do disco intervertebral toracolombar (Hansen tipo I) submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico em um serviço de rotina em neurologia de um hospital veterinário universitário no período de 2006 a 2014, e obter informações a respeito da idade, do sexo, da raça, local da extrusão, interpretação da mielografia, avaliação dos graus de disfunção neurológica, recuperação funcional desses cães e observar a ocorrência de recidiva dos sinais clínicos da doença. A raça mais frequente foi Dachshund (69%), seguida dos cães sem raça definida (14,5%). Os locais mais afetados foram entre T12-T13 (31,9%) e L1-L2 (19,1%). Dos 110 cães, 74 (67,3%) tiveram melhora dos sinais clínicos após o procedimento cirúrgico, sendo 54 (49,1%) considerados satisfatórios e 20 (18,2%), parcialmente satisfatórios. Destes cães, seis (8,1%) cães estavam em grau II, 19 (25,7%) em grau III, 35 (47,3%) em grau IV e 14 (18,9%) em grau V. Pode-se concluir que o tratamento cirúrgico promove recuperação funcional satisfatória na maioria dos cães com extrusão de disco toracolombar. O prognóstico para recuperação funcional após o tratamento cirúrgico é tanto melhor quanto menor for o grau de disfunção neurológica e o percentual de recidiva é baixo em animais submetidos a este tipo de terapia.(AU)
The aim of this study was to identify dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease (Hansen type I) submitted for surgical treatment on a routine service in neurology in a university veterinary hospital in 2006-2014, and to get information about age, sex, breed, site of extrusion, interpretation of myelography, evaluation of the degree of neurological dysfunction, functional recovery of these dogs, and to verify the recurrence of clinical signs of disease. The most common breed was Dachshund (69%), followed by mixed breed (14.5%). The most affected sites were between T12-T13 (31.9%) and L1-L2 (19.1%). Of the 110 dogs, 74 (67.3%) improved clinical signs after surgery, 54 (49.1%) satisfactory and 20 (18.2%), in part satisfactory. From these dogs, six (8.1%) dogs were in grade II, 19 (25.7%) in grade III, 35 (47.3%) in grade IV, and 14 (18.9%) in grade V. It can be concluded that satisfactory surgical treatment promotes functional recovery in most dogs with thoracolumbar disk extrusion. The prognosis for functional recovery after surgical treatment is better the lower the degree of neurological dysfunction and the recurrence percentage is lower in dogs subjected to this type of therapy.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Descompressão Cirúrgica/veterinária , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Nociceptividade , Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Doenças da Medula Espinal/veterinária , Hérnia/veterináriaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar cães com doença do disco intervertebral toracolombar (Hansen tipo I) submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico em um serviço de rotina em neurologia de um hospital veterinário universitário no período de 2006 a 2014, e obter informações a respeito da idade, do sexo, da raça, local da extrusão, interpretação da mielografia, avaliação dos graus de disfunção neurológica, recuperação funcional desses cães e observar a ocorrência de recidiva dos sinais clínicos da doença. A raça mais frequente foi Dachshund (69%), seguida dos cães sem raça definida (14,5%). Os locais mais afetados foram entre T12-T13 (31,9%) e L1-L2 (19,1%). Dos 110 cães, 74 (67,3%) tiveram melhora dos sinais clínicos após o procedimento cirúrgico, sendo 54 (49,1%) considerados satisfatórios e 20 (18,2%), parcialmente satisfatórios. Destes cães, seis (8,1%) cães estavam em grau II, 19 (25,7%) em grau III, 35 (47,3%) em grau IV e 14 (18,9%) em grau V. Pode-se concluir que o tratamento cirúrgico promove recuperação funcional satisfatória na maioria dos cães com extrusão de disco toracolombar. O prognóstico para recuperação funcional após o tratamento cirúrgico é tanto melhor quanto menor for o grau de disfunção neurológica e o percentual de recidiva é baixo em animais submetidos a este tipo de terapia.(AU)
The aim of this study was to identify dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease (Hansen type I) submitted for surgical treatment on a routine service in neurology in a university veterinary hospital in 2006-2014, and to get information about age, sex, breed, site of extrusion, interpretation of myelography, evaluation of the degree of neurological dysfunction, functional recovery of these dogs, and to verify the recurrence of clinical signs of disease. The most common breed was Dachshund (69%), followed by mixed breed (14.5%). The most affected sites were between T12-T13 (31.9%) and L1-L2 (19.1%). Of the 110 dogs, 74 (67.3%) improved clinical signs after surgery, 54 (49.1%) satisfactory and 20 (18.2%), in part satisfactory. From these dogs, six (8.1%) dogs were in grade II, 19 (25.7%) in grade III, 35 (47.3%) in grade IV, and 14 (18.9%) in grade V. It can be concluded that satisfactory surgical treatment promotes functional recovery in most dogs with thoracolumbar disk extrusion. The prognosis for functional recovery after surgical treatment is better the lower the degree of neurological dysfunction and the recurrence percentage is lower in dogs subjected to this type of therapy.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Descompressão Cirúrgica/veterinária , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Nociceptividade , Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Doenças da Medula Espinal/veterinária , Hérnia/veterináriaRESUMO
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to identify dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease (Hansen type I) submitted for surgical treatment on a routine service in neurology in a university veterinary hospital in 2006-2014, and to get information about age, sex, breed, site of extrusion, interpretation of myelography, evaluation of the degree of neurological dysfunction, functional recovery of these dogs, and to verify the recurrence of clinical signs of disease. The most common breed was Dachshund (69%), followed by mixed breed (14.5%). The most affected sites were between T12-T13 (31.9%) and L1-L2 (19.1%). Of the 110 dogs, 74 (67.3%) improved clinical signs after surgery, 54 (49.1%) satisfactory and 20 (18.2%), in part satisfactory. From these dogs, six (8.1%) dogs were in grade II, 19 (25.7%) in grade III, 35 (47.3%) in grade IV, and 14 (18.9%) in grade V. It can be concluded that satisfactory surgical treatment promotes functional recovery in most dogs with thoracolumbar disk extrusion. The prognosis for functional recovery after surgical treatment is better the lower the degree of neurological dysfunction and the recurrence percentage is lower in dogs subjected to this type of therapy.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar cães com doença do disco intervertebral toracolombar (Hansen tipo I) submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico em um serviço de rotina em neurologia de um hospital veterinário universitário no período de 2006 a 2014, e obter informações a respeito da idade, do sexo, da raça, local da extrusão, interpretação da mielografia, avaliação dos graus de disfunção neurológica, recuperação funcional desses cães e observar a ocorrência de recidiva dos sinais clínicos da doença. A raça mais frequente foi Dachshund (69%), seguida dos cães sem raça definida (14,5%). Os locais mais afetados foram entre T12-T13 (31,9%) e L1-L2 (19,1%). Dos 110 cães, 74 (67,3%) tiveram melhora dos sinais clínicos após o procedimento cirúrgico, sendo 54 (49,1%) considerados satisfatórios e 20 (18,2%), parcialmente satisfatórios. Destes cães, seis (8,1%) cães estavam em grau II, 19 (25,7%) em grau III, 35 (47,3%) em grau IV e 14 (18,9%) em grau V. Pode-se concluir que o tratamento cirúrgico promove recuperação funcional satisfatória na maioria dos cães com extrusão de disco toracolombar. O prognóstico para recuperação funcional após o tratamento cirúrgico é tanto melhor quanto menor for o grau de disfunção neurológica e o percentual de recidiva é baixo em animais submetidos a este tipo de terapia.
RESUMO
A través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, publicada entre 1973 y 2009, se consultaron las siguientes bases de datos, a saber: ScienceDirect, Ebsco, Springerlink y Medline, para la búsqueda de la información. Como palabras clave se utilizaron: perros de libre ambulación, vínculo animal-humano, población de mascotas, sobrepoblación y control de población. Además se consultó el banco de publicaciones de la Sociedad Mundial para la Protección Animal (WSPA) y la Organización Internacional de Epizootias (OIE). El objetivo de esta revisión fue presentar una posición crítica sobre la problemática de la sobrepoblación de mascotas, su percepción cultural y la relación hombre-animal. Asimismo, los fracasos asociados con esta relación, estableciendo posibles soluciones sin desconocer nuestro marco cultural. Se obtuvo un total de dieciséis referencias, a las que se aplicó los criterios de inclusión y exclusión; los artículos que cumplieron estos criterios son los que constituyeron la unidad de análisis de esta revisión. A medida que aumente nuestro conocimiento acerca de la tenencia responsable de las mascotas, mejorarán nuestros vínculos afectivos con estas. Solo a través de la educación sanitaria se puede adquirir el conocimiento necesario para evitar fracasos con respecto a una tenencia adecuada, de allí la responsabilidad y el papel fundamental que ejerce el médico veterinario en la comunidad.
Through a systematic review of literature comprising publications between 1973 and 2009, the following databases were consulted: Science Direct, EBSCO, Springer Link and MEDLINE. Key words used included stray dogs, animal-human bond, pet population, overpopulation and population control. The databases of the World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA) and the International Organization of Epizootics (OIE) were also consulted. The objective of the present review was to present a critical position about the pet overpopulation problem, cultural perception and relationships between human and animals, and failures associated with this relationship with the purpose of establishing possible solutions to the problem taking into consideration cultural issues. A total of 16 references were found, which, we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles that met these criteria are those that constitute the unit of analysis of this review. As the knowledge about responsible ownership of pets is increased, the bond with them is enhanced. Only through health education, it is possible to acquire the necessary knowledge needed to avoid failures with respect to proper keeping. In this respect the veterinarian plays a pivotal role with his community.