RESUMO

A Randomized Controlled Trial involving 158 Brazilian medical and nursing students assessed one of three conditions over an 8-week period: 1) a circuit training protocol (CTG); 2) a yoga protocol (YG); or 3) no intervention (CG). The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of circuit training and yoga protocols in reducing perceived mental stress and examining their effects on serum cortisol levels, as well as on traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs), during an academic semester. Mental stress was measured using self-reported stress questionnaires. For the CTG, comparisons of pre- vs. post-intervention data indicated a reduction in self-reported stress levels on a Brazilian scale (p < 0.001) and an international scale (p < 0.05). Regarding CRFs, there was a reduction in waist circumference (WC) (p < 0.05), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p < 0.05), and heart rate (HR) (p < 0.001). No changes were observed in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.211) and serum cortisol (SC) (p = 0.423). In the YG, pre- vs. post-intervention data indicated a reduction in self-reported stress levels on the ISSL (p < 0.001), in both resistance and exhaustion stress levels on the PSS scale (p < 0.001), and in SC levels (p < 0.001), WC (p < 0.05), and SBP (p < 0.05); however, HR and DBP did not change (p = 0.168 and p = 0.07, respectively) in this group. No changes were noted in any measures in the CG. The intervention protocols demonstrated that both CTG and YG can positively impact mental or biochemical stress responses, as well as CRFs.

Assuntos

Biomarcadores , Pressão Sanguínea , Frequência Cardíaca , Hidrocortisona , Estresse Psicológico , Estudantes de Medicina , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Yoga , Humanos , Estresse Psicológico/terapia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Yoga/psicologia , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/psicologia

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction Suicide is a public health problem with multifactorial etiology affecting all age groups. In Mexico, the suicide rate was 6.5 suicides per 100,000 population in 2021. Objective To determine the predictive factors for suicidal behaviors (SB) in college students in the north-central region of Mexico. Method A descriptive, comparative, analytical study was conducted of 1,147 randomly selected college students. Sociodemographic data, alcohol consumption (AC), perceived stress (PS), social support (SS) and suicidal behavior (SB), suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempt (SA) and suicide risk (SR) were measured. Data analysis in SPSS included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The mean age of study participants was 20.2 years, with a female predominance (82.2%). Prevalence rates for SB were 62% for SI, 14.9% for SA, and 18.3% for SR. In regard to predictive factors for SB, risky, harmful, or dependent AC increased SR 1.7-fold [1.071-2.926]. At the same time, not having SS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 2.4 [1.843-3.246], 2.7 [1.890-4.123], and 3.6 respectively. Higher PS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 5.6 [4.209-7.538], 3.1[2.103-4.663] and 6.4 [4.184-9.826] respectively. PS and lack of SS predict SB in both sexes and across all states. Discussion and Conclusion The results show the importance of mental health care, in both epidemiologically risky situations and everyday life, together with the early identification, and timely, effective treatment of suicide risk factors in university students.

---

Resumen Introducción El suicidio, problema de salud pública de etiología multifactorial que afecta a todos grupos de edad. En México, la tasa en 2021 fue de 6.5 suicidios por cada 100,000 habitantes. Objetivo Determinar factores predictores de conductas suicidas (CS) en estudiantes universitarios de la Región Norte-Centro de México. Método Estudio descriptivo, comparativo y analítico, realizado en 1147 estudiantes universitarios, seleccionados aleatoriamente. Se midieron datos sociodemográficos, consumo de alcohol (CA), estrés percibido (EP), apoyo social (AS) y CS (ideación suicida [IS], intento suicida [SA] y riesgo suicida [RS]). Análisis de datos en SPSS, incluyó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados Edad promedio 20.2 años, género femenino 82.2%. En la prevalencia de CS, el 62% mostró IdS, 14.9% con InS, y 18.3% con RS. Respecto a los factores predictores de CS, el CA de riesgo, perjudicial o dependiente aumentó 1.7 [1.071-2.926] veces el RS. Por otra parte, el no contar con AS aumentó 2.4 [1.843-3.246], 2.7 [1.890-4.123], y 3.6 veces el riesgo de IdS, InS y RS respectivamente; a mayor EP, aumentó 5.6 [4.209-7.538], 3.1 [2.103-4.663] y 6.4 [4.184-9.826] veces el riesgo de IdS, InS y RS respectivamente. El EP y la falta AS predicen las CS en ambos géneros y en todos los estados. Discusión y conclusión Los resultados evidencian la importancia del cuidado de la salud mental de manera cotidiana, así como la identificación temprana, tratamiento oportuno y efectivo de factores de riesgo de suicidio en universitarios.

RESUMO

The current study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Spanish language version of the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-S) in a population of pregnant women who speak Spanish in Peru using item response theory (IRT). Our study consisted of 5,435 pregnant women who participated in the Pregnancy Outcomes Maternal and Infant Study (PrOMIS) cohort in Peru. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to determine dimensionality of the scale in this population, and item response theory was conducted to determine the applicability of the PSS. The PSS consisted of a 2-factor questionnaire measuring perceived stress and coping capacity accounting for 77% of variability. The IRT analysis showed differences in item difficulty and discrimination. Item difficulty represents the level of the latent construct where 50% of respondents endorse a particular response, and item discrimination determines the rate of change of the probability of endorsing an item for differing ability levels. For the first factor, perceived stress, item 12 was the least difficult and item 2 was the most difficult. For the second factor, coping capacity, item 9 was the least difficult and item 6 was the most difficult. The Spanish version of the 14-item PSS can be a useful assessment tool for perceived stress, but more IRT should be done to delve further into the psychometric properties of the questionnaire to inform clinicians and policy makers more appropriately.

Assuntos

Adaptação Psicológica , Gestantes , Psicometria , Estresse Psicológico , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Psicometria/normas , Psicometria/instrumentação , Adulto , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Gestantes/psicologia , Peru , Adulto Jovem , Análise Fatorial , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Testes Psicológicos , Autorrelato

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of perceived stress, eating behaviors and anthropometric measurements related to obesity in the university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with 658 university students (128 males, 530 females). A questionnaire comprising socio-demographic characteristics, eating habits, perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale-14, eating behaviors assessed with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire and measured anthropometric parameters was administered by researchers. Results Perceived stress was higher in pre-obesity/obese participants compared to those were underweight and had normal weight (p<0.001). Emotional and external eating behaviors were higher in pre-obesity/obese participants compared to others (p<0.001). The total score of the Perceived Stress Scale-14 showed significant correlations with body mass index (r=0.245, p<0.001), hip circumference (r=0.223, p<0.001), mid-upper arm circumference (r=0.248, p<0.001) and triceps skinfold thickness (r=0.178, p<0.001). In addition, after adjusting for mediators, a positive association was detected between the perceived stress score and body mass index (β=0.358, 95% CI [0.185, 0.531], p<0.001). Increased Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire score showed a mediating effect in this relationship (β=0.073, 95% CI [0.056, 0.091], p<0.001). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest a notable correlation between perceived stress, eating behaviors, and anthropometric measurements associated with obesity in university students. Enhancing stress coping strategies for individuals could potentially lead to improvements in eating behaviors and reduce risk of obesity.

---

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a associação do estresse percebido, dos comportamentos alimentares e das medidas antropométricas relacionadas à obesidade em universitários. Métodos Um estudo transversal foi realizado com 658 estudantes universitários (128 homens, 530 mulheres). Por meio de um questionário, indagou-se sobre as características sociodemográficas, alguns hábitos alimentares, estresse percebido com Perceived Stress Scale-14, comportamentos alimentares com o Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire e medidas antropométricas e medidas por pesquisadores. Resultados O estresse percebido foi maior em participantes pré-obesos/obesos em comparação ao baixo peso e normais (p<0.001). A alimentação emocional e externa foi maior nos participantes pré-obesos/obesos em relação aos demais (p<0.001). Além disso, a pontuação total Perceived Stress Scale-14 foi determinada significativamente correlacionada ao índice de massa corporal (r=0.245, p<0.001), circunferência do quadril (r=0.223, p<0.001), circunferência do braço (r=0.248, p<0.001), e dobra cutânea tricipital (r=0.178, p<0.001). Ademais, quando o efeito dos mediadores foi levado em consideração, a relação positiva entre o escore de estresse percebido e o índice de massa corporal foi mantida (β=0.358, IC 95% [0.185, 0.531], p <0.001). O aumento do escore Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire teve um efeito mediado nessa relação (β=0.073, IC 95% [0.056, 0.091], p<0.001). Conclusão Os resultados deste estudo indicam que há uma relação significativa entre estresse percebido, comportamentos alimentares e medidas antropométricas relacionadas à obesidade em estudantes universitários. Melhorar as estratégias de enfrentamento do estresse para os indivíduos pode acurar os comportamentos alimentares e reduzir o risco de obesidade.

RESUMO

Background and objectives: The situation caused by the confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the mobility restriction implemented by governments worldwide had a significant impact on people's routines. Stressors are known to increase emotional imbalance, uncertainty, and frustration in the general population. This study explores the factors that predispose to the risk of perceived stress from COVID-19 and determines the underlying mediating mechanisms in the Ecuadorian population. Method: The cross-sectional study an incidental non-probabilistic sample of n = 977 participating student volunteers from the four regions of the Republic of Ecuador (68.6% women and 31.4% men). Data on emotional regulation (ERQ), perceived stress (PSS), active procrastination (APS), diagnosis and symptoms related to COVID-19, social isolation, coexistence, and a sociodemographic questionnaire (biological sex, marital status, and age) were recruited. Statistical analysis was based on a structural equation model. Results: The risk of suffering perceived stress in the COVID-19 pandemic was higher for single women who have lived longer in social isolation, have lived with more people, have poor emotional regulation and high rates of procrastination. This structural model is similar in all Ecuadorian regions χ2 = 21.54 (p = 0.760), RMSEA = 0.001 (95%CI, 0.00-0.02), CFI = 0.998; TLI = 0.999; SRMR = 0.020. Discussion: Although our findings are consistent and revealing for the scientific community, the lack of discrimination of the data due to strict isolation measures, taken at different periods by the Ecuadorian government against positive cases of COVID-19, is discussed. The research was applied to the university population, it would be representative to extend the study to schools and colleges. Conclusion: We consider this work as a starting point for the creation of preventive models against perceived stress in the university environment in the event of health emergencies.

RESUMO

Background: Diet quality is associated with psychobiological, psychological, biological, and physiological factors of individuals, and in the context of prolonged stress, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, it can lead to a worsening of the quality of food for undergraduates. This study aimed to analyze diet quality and associated factors in Brazilian undergraduates. Methods: Data were collected from 4,799 undergraduate students from all Brazilian regions, from August 2020 to February 2021. The online questionnaire contained socioeconomic variables, the ESQUADA scale to assess diet quality, self-referred changes in weight, the Brazilian food insecurity scale (EBIA), sleep assessment and the perceived stress scale. Unconditional multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to study variables associated with poor and very poor diet quality. Results: Most of participants presented a good diet quality (51.7%), while 9.8% had a poor or very poor diet quality and only 1.1% had an excellent diet quality. 58.2% of undergraduates reported to have an increase in weight during the pandemic and 74.3% of the students presented elevated stress during the pandemic. Logistic regressions showed students who gained weight during the pandemic presented the highest AOR = 1.56 (95% CI = 1.12-2.20) for poor or very poor diet quality. The elevated perceived stress was also associated with a higher AOR = 2.85 (95% CI = 1.71-4.74) for poor or very poor diet quality. Conclusion: Most of the studied undergraduates presented a good diet quality. Nevertheless, poor/very poor diet quality was associated with higher perceived stress and weight gain. Our study indicated that policies should beaimed at the socioeconomically most vulnerable undergraduates, those in a situation of food and nutritional insecurity, high perceived stress, and who gained weight during the pandemic.

RESUMO

Stress is a public health disease that is increasing rapidly in the population worldwide, so it is necessary to take measures for detection and evaluation, through short scales. The purpose of the study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) in a sample made up of 752 people with an age range of 18 to 62 years (M = 30.18, DE = 10.175), of whom 44% (331) were women and 56% (421) men, from Lima, Peru. The results, by means of confirmatory factor analysis and the Rasch model, confirmed the global adjustment of a 12-item (PSS-12) version with the presence of two orthogonal factors independent of each other, and also demonstrated the metric equivalence according to gender and adequate internal consistency. These results allow us to recommend the use of the PSS-12 in the Peruvian population for the measurement of stress.

RESUMO

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated a swift transition to online learning in medical and health sciences. This study investigated the associations of previous experience with online learning, current confidence with online learning, and resilient coping skills with perceived stress reported by pharmacy students during the emergency transition to online learning. Methods: Undergraduate pharmacy students (N=113, response rate = 41%) completed an online, self-report, cross-sectional survey during April-June 2020. Measures included Likert items measuring prior experience and current comfort levels with online learning, the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and the Perceived Stress Scale 10-Item Version (PSS-10). Experience, comfort with online learning, reported scores, and internal consistency for the BRCS and PSS-10 were summarized. A linear regression model examined the associations of prior experience with online education, gender, and resilient coping with perceived stress. Results: Of the 113 respondents (78% female, mean age 22.3 years), > 50% had only occasional prior experience with online learning, coursework, and examinations, but 63% expressed confidence with online learning. Mean PSS-10 and BRCS scores were 23.8 and 13.3, respectively, and both scales demonstrated good internal consistency (α > 0.80). BRCS score was the single predictor of the PSS-10 score (r2 = 0.18, p < 0.001). Female gender was not a significant predictor (p = 0.11). A multiple regression model explained moderate variation in perceived stress (adjusted R2 = 0.19). Conclusion: PSS-10 and BRCS scores indicated moderate levels of stress and coping skills among students during online teaching. Most students had some prior exposure to online learning, coursework, and examinations. Higher resiliency scores, but not prior online learning experience, predicted lower perceived stress.

RESUMO

Purpose: To analyze the association of perceived stress on the life satisfaction of Chilean adolescents during the recent pandemic, and to evaluate the moderating role that school community support provides. Methods: A total of 1337 adolescents in Chile (56.6% females), aged 14 through 19 (M = 15.99; SD = 1.3) participated. Descriptive statistics, a multiple linear regression model, and moderation analysis were all employed. Results: Females were associated with lower levels of Life Satisfaction (B = -0.19, p = .042), which was not the case for the Age variable (p = .160). The level of Perceived Stress was shown to have a negative association on Life Satisfaction (B = -1.93, p < .001). The moderation analysis revealed an interaction factor between Perceived Stress and School Community Support as predictors of Life Satisfaction (B = 0.37, t = 4.91, p < .001), showing that higher levels of School Community Support moderated the negative effect of Perceived Stress on Life Satisfaction. Conclusions: Perceived stress during the pandemic had a negative association on life satisfaction. School community support was a protective factor for this negative effect, even in the case of online classes due to school closures. Strengthening the connection between adolescents and their school communities along with providing additional tools and resources in support of such a connection are both essential.

RESUMO

Although available evidence indicates that Mexican-origin (MO) adults experience unique stressful life events, little is known about how stress may influence risk for developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) for this high-risk group. This study investigated the association between perceived stress and NAFLD and explored how this relationship varied by acculturation levels. In a cross-sectional study, a total of 307 MO adults from a community-based sample in the U.S-Mexico Southern Arizona border region completed self-reported measures of perceived stress and acculturation. NAFLD was identified as having a continuous attenuation parameter (CAP) score of ≥ 288 dB/m determined by FibroScan®. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD. The prevalence of NAFLD was 50 % (n = 155). Overall, perceived stress was high (Mean = 15.9) for the total sample. There were no differences by NAFLD status (No NAFLD: Mean = 16.6; NAFLD: Mean = 15.3; p = 0.11). Neither perceived stress nor acculturation were associated with NAFLD status. However, the association between perceived stress and NAFLD was moderated by acculturation levels. Specifically with each point increase in perceived stress, the odds of having NAFLD were 5.5 % higher for MO adults with an Anglo orientation and 1.2 % higher for bicultural MO adults. In contrast, the odds of NAFLD for MO adults with a Mexican cultural orientation were 9.3 % lower with each point increase in perceived stress. In conclusion, results highlight the need for additional efforts to fully understand the pathways through which stress and acculturation may influence the prevalence of NAFLD in MO adults.

RESUMO

Stress is a condition that has been related to the development of risk behaviors for health such as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption. The aim of this study was to examine the link between SSBs consumption and perceived stress level in university students. This was an observational, cross-sectional and single-time-point study where the subjects were recruited as a non-probabilistic sample of first-year university students. The students reported their SSBs consumption through a validated questionnaire, as well as their perceived stress level, evaluated through the Cohen scale. Comparisons were made between the means of all variables. Factorial analysis of variance was conducted to explore the effect of the variables' interaction on the stress level. One-way analysis of variance was performed to assess differences between the sexes. Men consumed more SSBs (6101.17 ± 3772.50 mL/week) compared to women (4294.06 ± 3093.8 mL/week). However, women had higher scores of perceived stress and showed a strong association of stress with the SSBs consumption pattern (r and p-value). This study shows for the first time the association that exists between stress and SSBs consumption and indicates that it is related to sex in the young population.

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: Medir os níveis de estresse percebido, os fatores associados, em especial o impacto da escolha e satisfação com o curso, bem como as possíveis consequências desse desfecho entre graduandos. Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em 2019 com 996 estudantes de graduação de uma universidade pública no Sul do Brasil. A amostragem foi realizada de forma sistemática por conglomerados em único estágio. O desfecho foi avaliado por meio da Escala de Estresse Percebido. As análises de fatores associados e possíveis consequências foram realizadas por meio de regressão linear múltipla e regressão de Poisson, respectivamente. Resultados: O escore médio de estresse percebido foi de 31,1 (DP = 9). Indivíduos do sexo feminino, de orientação sexual não heterossexual, mais pobres, com insegurança alimentar, com medo de violência no bairro, com percepção de difícil acesso a serviço psicológico e com menor suporte social foram os mais estressados. Participantes mais velhos e com algum nível de atividade física foram menos estressados. A insatisfação com o curso atual, e não o fato de ser o curso desejado no ingresso, foi associada ao estresse. Uso não médico de remédio prescrito, ansiedade generalizada, sintomas depressivos e pior qualidade de sono e de vida foram identificados como possíveis consequências do estresse. Conclusões: O modelo ENEM/SiSU parece não exercer efeito no estresse. Além disso, esse desfecho foi mais elevado entre indivíduos mais vulneráveis, tendo contribuído para diversos desfechos negativos em saúde mental. Recomenda-se o fortalecimento de serviços de assistência estudantil para que esses casos sejam identificados e manejados.

---

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure levels of perceived stress, associated factors, especially the impact of choice and satisfaction with the course, as well as the possible consequences of this outcome among undergraduates. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 with 996 undergraduate students from a public university in southern Brazil. Sampling was carried out systematically by single-stage clusters. The outcome was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale. Analysis of associated factors and possible consequences were performed using multiple linear regression and Poisson regression, respectively. Results: Mean perceived stress score was 31.1 (SD = 9). Female individuals, with non-heterosexual orientation, poorer, with food insecurity, with fear of violence in the neighborhood, with perception of difficult access to psychological services and with less social support were the most stressed. Older participants with some level of physical activity were less stressed. Dissatisfaction with the current course, rather than the fact that it was the desired course prior admission, was associated with high levels of stress. Non-medical use of prescribed medication, generalized anxiety, depressive symptoms, and poorer quality of sleep and life were identified as possible consequences of stress. Conclusions: The ENEM/SiSU model seems to have no effect on stress. Furthermore, this outcome was higher among more vulnerable individuals, having contributed to several negative outcomes in mental health. It is recommended to strengthen student assistance services so that these cases can be identified and managed.

RESUMO

Abstract Objective Gestational diabetes can cause maternal and neonatal morbidity. Psychological factors, especially stress, play a meaningful role in diabetes management. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction counseling on blood sugar and perceived stress in women with gestational diabetes. Methods The present quasi-experimental interventional study was performed on 78 women with gestational diabetes. In the intervention group, a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction counseling program was conducted by the researcher in 8 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week. The Cohen stress questionnaire was filled in both groups. Also, fasting blood sugar and 2-hour blood sugar levels were measured in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent T-Test, the paired T-Test, the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Tests using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 20 version (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results The mean age of pregnant women in the intervention group was 28.84 ± 6.20 years old and 29.03 ± 5.42 years old in the control group. There was a significant mean difference between the fasting blood sugar score (p= 0.02; - 6.01; and - 11.46) and the 2-hour fasting blood sugar score (p< 0.001;12.35; and - 5.3) and the perceived stress score (p< 0.001; 35.57; and - 49.19) existed between the intervention and control groups after the intervention. Conclusion The results of the present study showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction counseling is effective in reducing blood sugar levels and reducing perceived stress in women with gestational diabetes treated with diet.

Assuntos

Humanos , Feminino , Estresse Psicológico , Glicemia , Diabetes Gestacional , Atenção Plena

RESUMO

Introduction: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue, characterized by being a highly stressful experience for its victims. The relationship between IPV and stress creates a harmful cycle with broad health implications, affecting individuals and society at large. Despite its significance, there's a noticeable lack of research on this topic, especially regarding IPV throughout one's life and during the pandemic. Objective: To verify the association between perceived stress and the history of intimate partner violence throughout life and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample of 1,086 women. Sociodemographic information and violence history, assessed using the World Health Organization Violence Against Women (WHO VAW STUDY), along with perceived stress measured by the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), were collected. The sampling process unfolded through multiple stages. For bivariate analyses, the t-test and ANOVA were performed, whereas for multivariate analyses simple and multiple linear regression were performed. The software Stata® version 15.1 and R® were used. Results: Women who reported having suffered intimate partner violence throughout their lives had higher means of stress (18.49), with an average increase of 4 points without adjustments and 3.5 points after adjustments for sociodemographic variables. Similarly, during the COVID-19 pandemic (19.01), stress increased by an average of 3.3 points, which was reduced to 2.8 points after adjustments. Conclusion: The results indicate an association between intimate partner violence and an increase in women's perceived stress, both throughout life and during the pandemic. The importance of preventive approaches, promoting gender equality and preventing IPV from the early stages of life is highlighted. In addition, they underscore the urgency of evidence-based interventions of a comprehensive nature to deal with this complex issue in a careful and effective manner. The cross-sectional nature of this study limits the inference of causality, and an additional limitation is acknowledged concerning information bias. This bias relates to the multifaceted issues surrounding the concept of violence, potentially influencing the accuracy of participants' information and complicating the measurement of violence.

Assuntos

COVID-19 , Violência por Parceiro Íntimo , Humanos , Feminino , Pandemias , Estudos Transversais , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia

RESUMO

Introducción: A pesar de que varias investigaciones han demostrado que el mindfulness o atención plena influye en el estrés percibido, se ha evidenciado la carencia de estudios que hayan probado las relaciones entre la regulación emocional, la atención plena y el estrés percibido, específicamente en el personal de la salud que labora en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Objetivo: Probar la relación entre la atención plena y el estrés percibido en el personal de salud de hospitales públicos y privados de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Ecuador, para identificar si esta relación es mediada por la regulación emocional. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo correlacional y diseño transversal donde se aplicó un cuestionario conformado por 39 preguntas tomadas de tres escalas psicosomáticas a 382 trabajadores de la salud de unidades de cuidados intensivos de las instituciones antes mencionadas. Se midieron las variables: atención plena, regulación emocional y estrés percibido. Los análisis estadísticos fueron desarrollados a través de Excel y Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21. Resultados: Los análisis estadísticos evidenciaron que la atención plena influyó en el estrés percibido (β=0,428**) y, también, en la regulación emocional (β=0,488**), así mismo la regulación emocional influyó sobre el estrés percibido (β=0,417**). Conclusiones: Se corrobora que la regulación emocional tiene un efecto mediador entre el mindfulness o atención plena y el estrés percibido en los trabajadores de la salud de las unidades de cuidados intensivos. Este personal a menudo desarrolla actividades sin prestar atención plena, sin embargo, tienen control sobre sus actividades laborales y están en la capacidad de regular y ocultar emociones que se les pueda presentar dentro de los contextos laborales de la salud y, de esta manera, disminuir los riesgos de padecer estrés.

---

Introduction: While a number of research studies have shown that mindfulness influences perceived stress, there is a lack of research that have tested the relationship between emotional regulation, mindfulness and perceived stress, specifically in those health workers who work in intensive care units. Objective: Test relationship between mindfulness and perceived stress in health workers of public and private hospitals in Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Ecuador, in order to identify whether this relationship is mediated by emotional regulation. Method: A quantitative study of descriptive correlational scope and cross-sectional design was carried out, where a questionnaire consisting of 39 questions taken from three psychosomatic scales was applied to 382 health care workers in intensive care units of the aforementioned institutions. Variables used were as follow: mindfulness, emotional regulation and perceived stress. Statistical analyses were structured using two specialized softwares Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21. Results: Statistical analyses showed that mindfulness influenced perceived stress (β=0.428**), and also emotional regulation (β=0.488**), at the same time, emotional regulation influenced perceived stress (β=0.417**). Conclusions: It was corroborated that emotional regulation played a mediating effect between mindfulness and perceived stress felt by the health care workers who work in intensive care units. Frequently, these personnel develop activities without mindfulness, however, they have control over their work activities and are able to regulate and hide emotions that may arise in their work environment and, in this way, reduce the risks of suffering stress.

---

Introdução: Apesar de várias investigações mostrarem que mindfulness ou atenção plena influenciam o estresse percebido, faltam estudos que comprovem as relações entre regulação emocional, mindfulness e estresse percebido, especificamente no pessoal de saúde que trabalha em unidades de terapia intensiva. Objetivo: Testar a relação entre mindfulness e estresse percebido em trabalhadores de saúde de hospitais públicos e privados de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Equador, para identificar se essa relação é mediada pela regulação emocional. Método: Estudo quantitativo, de alcance descritivo correlacional e delineamento transversal, onde foi aplicado um questionário composto por 39 questões extraídas de três escalas psicossomáticas a 382 trabalhadores de saúde de unidades de terapia intensiva das referidas instituições. As variáveis foram medidas: atenção plena, regulação emocional e estresse percebido. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas usando o Excel e o Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21. Resultados: As análises estatísticas mostraram que a atenção plena influenciou o estresse percebido (β=0,428**) e também a regulação emocional (β=0,488**), da mesma forma que a regulação emocional influenciou a percepção tensão (β=0,417**). Conclusões: Corrobora-se que a regulação emocional tem efeito mediador entre mindfulness ou atenção plena e estresse percebido em trabalhadores de saúde em unidades de terapia intensiva. Esses profissionais muitas vezes realizam atividades sem total atenção, porém, possuem controle sobre suas atividades laborais e são capazes de regular e ocultar emoções que possam surgir nos contextos de trabalho em saúde e, assim, reduzir os riscos de estresse.

RESUMO

Background: Psychiatrists are at high risk of developing burnout and mental health problems mainly due to their emotionally demanding jobs, difficult working conditions, long working hours, and poor work-life balance. As leisure activities are associated with better physical and mental health, engaging in these activities has been recommended as a measure to improve the wellbeing of healthcare workers. However, it is unclear the extent of which psychiatrists and trainees are involved in leisure activities, what type of activities they prefer, or how these impact their self-perceived health, stress, confidence in stress management, and satisfaction with their social support. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify differences in self-perceived health, perceived stress, confidence in stress management, and satisfaction with social support, between psychiatrists and trainees who engage in different leisure activities, compared with those who do not. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, including Mexican psychiatrists (n = 355) and trainees (n = 330) who agreed to participate through an online survey. Results: 73.1% of participants engaged in some leisure activity, being solitary-passive activities the most reported. Those who have a leisure activity reported lower stress, greater confidence in stress management, and more satisfaction with their social support. Passive-solitary activities were associated with less perceived stress and better confidence in stress management, while active-solitary and social activities were associated with better satisfaction with social support. Conclusion: Psychiatrists' and trainees' wellbeing benefits from engagement in leisure activities, which should be part of their daily schedules to reduce stress, and potentially improve their mental health.

RESUMO

El objetivo de este estudio fue validar y estudiar el desempeño psicométrico, consistencia interna y dimensionalidad de la Escala de Estrés Percibido relacionada con el COVID-19 (EEP-10-C) con una muestra de un total 343 estudiantes, quienes completaron la encuesta voluntariamente. La validez se determinó mediante un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio y su consistencia interna fue calculada con los coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach (0.859) y omega de McDonald (0.887). Los resultados mostraron que se establecieron dos dimensiones para EEP-10-C: el distrés general explicó el 44.2 % de varianza acumulada y la capacidad de afrontamiento, el 55.8 %. El AFC de la propuesta bidimensional señaló adecuados índices de ajuste (X2/gl = 2.590, GFI = 0.949, TLI = 0.936, CFI = 0.952 el SRMR = 0.0435 y el RMSEA = 0.068). El EEP-10-C tuvo una consistencia interna aceptable y dos dimensiones que desarrollaron el instrumento psicométrico de estrés percibido por COVID-19 aceptables para estudiantes universitarios peruanos.

---

This study aimed to validate and study the psychometric performance, internal consistency and dimensionality of the Perceived Stress Scale related to COVID-19 (EEP-10-C) with a sample of a total of 343 students, who completed the survey voluntarily. Validity was determined by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and its internal consistency was calculated with Cronbach's alpha (0.859) and McDonald's omega (0.887) coefficients. The results showed that two dimensions were established for EEP-10-C: general distress explained 44.2% of cumulative variance and coping ability, 55.8%. The AFC of the two-dimensional approach indicated adequate fit indices (X2/gl= 2.590, GFI=0.949, TLI=0.936, CFI= 0.952 the SRMR=0.0435 and the RMSEA=0.068). The EEP-10-C had an acceptable internal consistency and two dimensions that developed the psychometric instrument of perceived stress by covid-19 acceptable for Peruvian university students.

RESUMO

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.987149.].

RESUMO

Screening for prenatal stress is not routine in Suriname, despite its significant impact on maternal and newborn health. This study assessed the prevalence of high perceived prenatal stress and its sociodemographic predictors in three geographic areas in Suriname. In this cross-sectional study, data from 1190 participants of the Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health cohort study were analyzed. Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale was completed during pregnancy to ascertain high perceived stress (cut-off score 20). The association between maternal sociodemographic factors and high perceived stress was examined using the chi-square test and logistic regression models; 27.5% of all participants had high perceived stress with statistically significant lower rates in Nickerie (18.8%) compared with Paramaribo (29.8%; p = 0.001) and the Interior (28.6%; p = 0.019). Maternal sociodemographic factors moderated the difference between the Interior and Nickerie. Participants from Paramaribo had statistically significant higher odds of high perceived stress compared to those from Nickerie, independent of their age and educational level (adjusted OR = 1.94; 95% confidence interval 1.32-2.86). Perceived stress during pregnancy is predicted by sociodemographic factors. These findings identified target groups for interventions in Suriname. Policy makers should consider integrating perceived stress assessment as a routine part of prenatal care.

RESUMO

Competitive sports involve physiological, technical and psychological skills, which influence directly on individuals' performance. This study aims to investigate the levels of perceived stress and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) before and after matches with victory and defeat in professional eSports athletes. Our hypothesis was that the winners would have better autonomic and stress responses after match, thus corroborating the literature on neurocardiac connections. Fifty male eSport players were selected players from 10 different Brazilian teams. The experiment was carried out in 2 sessions. Firstly, after signing the informed consent form, 24 h before the game, anthropometric, physical activity levels and time of expertise data were recorded only for sample characterization and the players were familiarized with the perceived stress scale-10 (PSS-10) and the HRV measurements. Secondly, players performed the PSS-10 and HRV recording at rest by 10 min 60 and 30 min before the game (i.e., baseline time) and 10 min after the end of the game. Overall, concerning PSS-10 our findings show that VG had significant reduced scores in post-game time compared to baseline (BL) and pre-game times, while DG had significant increased scores in post-game time compared to BL and pre-game times. Regarding HRV, our results demonstrate that VG had significant increase in RR, SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50 and HF, and significant decrease in LF and LF/HF, while DG had a significant decrease in RR, SDNN, rMSSD and HF, and significant increase in LF and LF/HF. It was observed that VG had better HRV responses (greater parasympathetic activation) as well as lower levels of perceived stress, while DG had worst HRV responses (greater sympathetic activation) and higher levels of perceived stress.