RESUMO
No presente artigo, analisamos a gênese e a extensão das críticas realizadas por Merleau-Ponty, em sua obra A Estrutura do Comportamento, à fisiologia clássica, representada pela teoria do reflexo de Ivan Pavlov. Merleau-Ponty se apropria da fisiologia contemporânea, especialmente do pensamento de Kurt Goldstein, para questionar a centralidade teórica e experimental ocupada pela noção de reflexo nos estudos experimentais sobre o comportamento. Trata-se de investigar os limites da teoria reflexológica, expondo a insuficiência do método como explicação objetiva do comportamento. Pretendemos explicitar que a interlocução com o campo da fisiologia não sinaliza, nesta obra, uma atitude de afastamento dos problemas filosóficos, mas expressa o movimento necessário de revisão epistemológica e metodológica tanto das ciências naturais, como da própria filosofia.(AU)
In this article, we analyze the genesis and extent of the criticisms made by Merleau-Ponty, in his work The Structure of Behavior, to classical physiology, represented by Ivan Pavlov's reflex theory. Merleau-Ponty appropriates contemporary physiology, especially Kurt Goldstein's thought, to question the theoretical and experimental centrality occupied by the notion of reflex in experimental behavioral studies. It is a case of investigating the limits of the reflexological theory, in order to expose the insufficiency of the method as an objective explanation of the behavior. We explicit that the interlocution with the field of physiology does not signal in this work to a distant attitude from philosophical problems, but it expresses the necessary movement of epistemological and methodological revision of both the natural sciences and philosophy itself.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Comportamento , Filosofia , Fisiologia , Percepção , PsicologiaRESUMO
Memristive devices have found application in both random access memory and neuromorphic circuits. In particular, it is known that their behavior resembles that of neuronal synapses. However, it is not simple to come by samples of memristors and adjusting their parameters to change their response requires a laborious fabrication process. Moreover, sample to sample variability makes experimentation with memristor-based synapses even harder. The usual alternatives are to either simulate or emulate the memristive systems under study. Both methodologies require the use of accurate modeling equations. In this paper, we present a diffusive compact model of memristive behavior that has already been experimentally validated. Furthermore, we implement an emulation architecture that enables us to freely explore the synapse-like characteristics of memristors. The main advantage of emulation over simulation is that the former allows us to work with real-world circuits. Our results can give some insight into the desirable characteristics of the memristors for neuromorphic applications.
RESUMO
El trabajo se enmarca dentro de los estudios de recepción de las ideas psicológicas en Argentina. Se aborda la figura y la obra del médico y fisiólogo alemán Georg Nicolai, exiliado pacifista que se instala en la ciudad de Córdoba entre 1922 y 1927. Se estudia el período de formación con el fisiólogo ruso Iván Pavlov y el impacto de la difusión de sus ideas en Córdoba, Argentina. A su vez se estudian las redes intelectuales con las que tuvo contacto y se muestran los espacios institucionales y editoriales que posibilitaron la mencionada difusión.
This is a study about reception of psychological ideas in Argentina. It approaches the figure and work of the German physician and physiologist Georg Nicolai, exiled and settled in the city of Cordoba between 1922 and 1927. We study the training period with the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov and the impact of ideas spreading in Cordoba, Argentina. We study the intellectual networks which he had contact with and the institutional spaces that enabled that spreading of psychological knowledge.