RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to verify the psychometric qualities of the PID-5-FBF in a community sample of Brazilian adults. The internal consistency of the facets and the internal structure of the dimensions were checked. In addition, we verified the correlations between the PID-5-FBF facets and domains with a five-factor model measure. METHODS: The sample of this study consists of the 774 Brazilian adults aged 18 to 73 years (mean 28.9±11.58) who answered the PID-5-FBF and BFI-2S. RESULTS: The alpha values were adequate. The internal structure was similar to the PID-5 original form. All the factors and dimensions of the PID-5-FBF have a negative association with agreeableness, while, on the other hand, all correlations with neuroticism were positive. Neuroticism was the factor with the highest correlation with the PID-5-FBF, and openness was the one with the lowest number of correlations. CONCLUSIONS: This research contributes to adding evidence of validity to the PID-5-FBF in the Brazilian community sample. Our results are important because it is the first study with the PID-FBF in a Brazilian sample.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD-47) has a controversial factor structure, as some studies have provided support for 5 correlated factors, and others have suggested the existence of a general second-order dimension. One approach of data modelling that reconciles multidimensionality and the existence of a general factor is the bifactor analysis. We used unrestricted exploratory-confirmatory bifactor modelling to validate the Brazilian version of the IIP-PD-47. METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,091 subjects aged 18-64 years who answered the IIP-PD-47 and a collateral measure of pathological traits, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). RESULTS: After testing many candidate models, our data were best represented by a bifactor model with one general factor and five specific uncorrelated factors. Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the discriminant validity of each IIP-PD-47 factor revealed strong support for the general factor and a factor capturing aggressive behaviours, but less support for the additional four specific factors. CONCLUSIONS: The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and some recommendations are offered about the need for controlling response styles when assessing PD traits via self-report inventories. Our findings indicate that the Brazilian version of IIP-PD has promising psychometric properties.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue generar una versión corta del Inventario de Cinco Continuos de la Personalidad (ICCP; de la Iglesia y Castro Solano, 2021). Para ello se analizó una muestra de 2 183 adultos de población general de edad promedio de 39.04 años (DE = 14.18; 51.95 % mujeres, 47.64 % varones, 0.41 % otro). Se obtuvo una versión corta de 55 elementos que cumplían con los criterios de calidad interna, externa y de juicio esperados. Los elementos resultaron claros, no redundantes y altamente correlacionados con la puntuación total de la escala a la que pertenecían (entre .89 y .96). Además, la estructura factorial de diez rasgos de la personalidad presentó un buen ajuste y buena consistencia interna. Las correlaciones entre las versiones cortas de las escalas y las largas fueron todas positivas y altas (entre .89 y .96). Además, los análisis de asociación con los criterios externos resultaron como se esperaba: los rasgos patológicos correlacionaron de manera directa con la presencia de sintomatología psicológica (entre .26 y .64) y de manera inversa con el bienestar (-.18 y -.43); los rasgos positivos y los índices de ajuste correlacionaron de manera inversa con la presencia de sintomatología psicológica (entre -.09 y -.53) y de manera directa con el bienestar (entre .11 y .44). Se concluye que la versión corta del ICCP resulta ser una medida psicométrica apropiada y se sugiere su uso para el ámbito de investigación o para instancias de rastrillaje en el ámbito aplicado.

Abstract This research aimed at developing a short version of the Five Continua Personality Inventory (FCPI; de la Iglesia y Castro Solano, 2021). The FCPI is a 120 item measure that operationalizes the Dual Personality Model (DPM). The DPM proposes that personality traits may and must be assessed in their pathological and positive aspects conjointly. DPM is based on the notion of traits conceived as dimensional and in the notion of continuum of traits. These two pillars allow to study the degree of presence of each trait (dimensionally) and their pathological and positive aspects (continuum). Pathological traits included in the model are negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition and psychoticism. Positive traits are serenity, humanity, integrity, moderation and sprightliness. An assessment of this kind would provide a notion of the total personality adjustment that considers both aspects of the phenomenon as well as an integrated view of personality functioning as a whole, in contrast to a dissociated one. The strengths of the DPM are: (1) the integrated view of personality that includes healthy and pathological aspects simultaneously; (2) the use of dimensional measures in contrast of categories; and (3) its link to current diagnostic nosologies (DSM-5). Since the FCPI could be considered too long for many instances of psychological assessment, the development of a shorter version could provide a more versatile measure. Shorter versions of this type of instruments are recommended for long research surveys and longitudinal studies since they would prevent the undesirable effect than long scales have on attrition rates or attention levels. To develop a shorter version three main aspects were considered: (1) the characteristics of the items that can be assessed by studying their association with each other (internal item qualities); (2) the correlation of the new instrument with other variables or indicators (external item qualities); and (3) the properties that exceed statistical analyses, such as clarity, non-redundancy, invasiveness and "face" validity (judgmental item qualities). Sample was composed of 2 183 adults of the general population with a mean age of 39.04 (SD = 14.18; 51.95 % female, 47.64 % male, 0.41 % other). A shorter version was obtained which had 55 items that met the internal, external and judgement quality criteria expected. Selected elements were clear, non-redundant and had a high correlation with the total score of the scale they belonged to (between .89 and .96). In addition, evidence of the ten-trait personality model (five pathological traits and five positive traits) was obtained by means of a confirmatory factor analysis since the structure showed an excellent fit. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach, ordinal and Omega alphas and their values were as expected and also indicated a good psychometric functioning of the scale. Associations between the long version and the short version of each scale were all positive and strong (between .89 and .96). Additionally, correlation analyses with external criteria resulted as expected: pathological traits were positively associated with psychological symptoms (between .26 and .64) and negatively associated with well-being (between -.18 and -.43); positive traits and adjustment indexes were negatively related to psychological symptoms (between -.09 and -.53) and positively related to well-being (between .11 and .44). An interesting result is that, when compared with the ten individual traits, indexes had stronger associations with psychological symptoms and well-being. It is possible that these combined measures have greater explanatory power since they provide an integrated view of personality in contrast to a disaggregated assessment. It is concluded that the short version of the FCPI meets the three criteria sought and it is an appropriate psychometric measure and it is suggested to be used for research purposes or for screening assessments in the applied fields.

RESUMO

Objective: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD-47) has a controversial factor structure, as some studies have provided support for 5 correlated factors, and others have suggested the existence of a general second-order dimension. One approach of data modelling that reconciles multidimensionality and the existence of a general factor is the bifactor analysis. We used unrestricted exploratory-confirmatory bifactor modelling to validate the Brazilian version of the IIP-PD-47. Methods: The sample consisted of 1,091 subjects aged 18-64 years who answered the IIP-PD-47 and a collateral measure of pathological traits, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Results: After testing many candidate models, our data were best represented by a bifactor model with one general factor and five specific uncorrelated factors. Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the discriminant validity of each IIP-PD-47 factor revealed strong support for the general factor and a factor capturing aggressive behaviours, but less support for the additional four specific factors. Conclusions: The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and some recommendations are offered about the need for controlling response styles when assessing PD traits via self-report inventories. Our findings indicate that the Brazilian version of IIP-PD has promising psychometric properties.

Objetivo: El Inventario de Problemas Interpersonales-Trastornos de la Personalidad (IIP-PD-47) tiene una estructura factorial controvertida, ya que algunos estudios han apoyado 5 factores correlacionados y otros han sen˜ alado la existencia de una dimensión general de segundo orden. Un enfoque del modelado de datos que concilia la multidimensionalidad y la existencia de un factor general es el análisis de bifactores. Para validar la versión brasileña del IIP-PD-47, se utilizó un modelo bifactorial confirmatorio exploratorio sin restricciones. Métodos: La muestra incluyó a 1.091 sujetos de 18 a 64 anos que respondieron al IIP-PD-47 y una medida colateral de rasgos patológicos, el Inventario de Personalidad Clínica Dimensional 2 (IDCP-2). Resultados: Después de probar muchos modelos candidatos, nuestros datos se representaron mejor mediante un modelo bifactorial con 1 factor general y 5 factores específicos no correlacionados. Sin embargo, una inspección más cercana de la validez discriminante de cada factor IIP-PD-47 reveló un fuerte respaldo del factor general y un factor que capta comportamientos agresivos, pero menos respaldo a los 4 factores específicos adicionales. Conclusiones: Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de estos hallazgos y se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones sobre la necesidad de controlar los estilos de respuesta al evaluar los rasgos de la EP a través de inventarios de autoaplicados. Nuestros hallazgos indican que la versión brasileña de IIP-PD tiene propiedades psicométricas prometedoras.

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La vacunación es la única herramienta práctica para detener la expansión y erradicar la pandemia COVID-19, la mayoría de las vacunas han demostrado capacidad de inducir respuestas inmunitarias. Es predecible que existan varias vacunas con distintos niveles de protección por lo que su uso dependerá en cada país de las autoridades sanitarias y recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). OBJETIVO: Determinar los Eventos Adversos (ESAVIS) de la vacuna Sinopharm administrada en personas adultas en el punto de vacunación masivo de la Red de salud N°4 ESTE de la ciudad de La Paz, meses de abril a octubre gestión 2021. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, muestra de 60 casos, con diagnóstico de Eventos Supuestamente atribuibles a la vacunación y/o inmunización. Los métodos empleados fueron análisis documental, instrumentos usados fichas ESAVIS del Ministerio de Salud y Deportes. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, sexo y edad. RESULTADOS: Las personas que presentaron eventos adversos a la Vacuna Sinopharm son del sexo femenino en un 78,3% con un promedio de edad 44 años, con antecedentes patológicos de Hipertensión Arterial Sistèmica en un 5%, el medicamento administrado en un 83,3% es el oxígeno, el síntoma más frecuente son los mareos 58,3%, se presentó más ESAVIS leves en un 98,3%. CONCLUSIÓN: Las personas que recibieron la vacuna Sinopharm presentan ESAVIS Leves.

INTRODUCTION: Vaccination is the only practical tool to stop the expansion and eradicate the COVID-19 pandemic, most vaccines have demonstrated the ability to induce immune responses. It is predictable that there are several vaccines with different levels of protection, so their use will depend in each country on the health authorities and recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). OBJECTIVE: To determine the Adverse Events (ESAVIS) of the Sinopharm vaccine administered to adults at the mass vaccination point of the Health Network No. 4 ESTE of the city of La Paz, from April to October, 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive, observational study was carried out, a sample of60 cases, with a diagnosis of Events Supposedly attributable to vaccination and/or immunization. The methods used were documentary analysis, instruments used ESAVIS files from the Ministry of Health and Sports. Sociodemographic data, sex and age were collected. RESULTS: The people who presented adverse events to the Sinopharm Vaccine are 78.3% female with an average age of 44 years, with a pathological history of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in 5%, the medication administered in 83.3% is oxygen, the most frequent symptom is dizziness 58.3%, more mild ESAVIS occurred in 98.3%. CONCLUSION: People who received the Sinopharm vaccine have Mild ESAVIS.

RESUMO

Introducción: En un proceso patológico como la preeclampsia durante el embarazo, la Enfermería deberá enfocar sus cuidados a la gestante y a la complicación que se presenta. Un adecuado abordaje desde la profesión requiere, en este contexto, de una visión desde la perspectiva enfermera. Objetivo: Sistematizar el término gestante con preeclampsia en el contexto de la Enfermería. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integrativa para un análisis crítico reflexivo de contenidos de documentos publicados desde 2003 al 2020 con una clara metodología y referencial teórico, seleccionados desde agosto del 2020 hasta febrero del 2021. Se utilizaron las palabras clave identificadas en DeCS y operadores booleanos: "embarazo" AND "complicaciones del embarazo" OR "procesos patológicos" AND "enfermería" OR "cuidados de enfermería". La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos Medigraphic, SciELO, Index. Se utilizó el diagrama de flujo (PRISMA) para contribuir a la formulación de la estrategia de búsqueda. Conclusiones: La sistematización realizada permite identificar las características definitorias que caracterizan a la preeclampsia y las respuestas humanas que en ella afloran, información de extraordinaria relevancia para brindar un cuidado con enfoque holístico y de respeto, lo que favorece la interacción a través de la comunicación para satisfacer la necesidad de información y de ayuda insatisfecha(AU)

Introduction: In a pathological process such as preeclampsia (during pregnancy), nursing should focus its care on the pregnant woman and the complication that occurs. An adequate approach from the profession itself requires, in this context, a vision from the nursing perspective. Objective: To systematize the term pregnant woman with preeclampsia in the nursing context. Methods: An integrative review was carried out for a reflexive critical analysis of contents within documents published from 2003 to 2020 with a clear methodology and theoretical referential, selected between August 2020 and February 2021. The keywords identified in DeCS and Boolean operators were used: embarazo [pregnancy] AND complicaciones del embarazo [pregnancy complications] OR procesos patológicos [pathological processes] AND enfermería [nursing] OR cuidados de enfermería [nursing care]. The search was performed in the Medigraphic, SciELO and Index databases. The PRISMA flowchart was used to contribute to formulating the search strategy. Conclusions: The conducted systematization allows to identify the characteristics that define preeclampsia and the human responses that appear during it, an information of extraordinary relevance to provide care with a holistic and respectful approach, which favors interaction through communication in view of satisfying the unmet need for information and help(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: Inhalant users may develop toluene leukoencephalopathy, a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder. We present a case of toluene-induced damage to the corticospinal and the corticonuclear tracts, which presented with involuntary emotional expression dis-order. Methods: Case study of a 20-year-old man with a 3-year history of frequent solvent abuse was admitted to the Neuropsychiatry Unit of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery because "he could not speak or walk" but would keep "laughing and crying without reason". Results: Neuropsychiatric examination revealed pathological laughter and crying, facial and speech apraxia, a bilateral pyramidal syndrome, and lack of control of urinary sphincter. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a highly selective bilateral damage to the pyramidal system and the somatosensory pathway. SPECT imaging showed left fronto-parietal hypoperfusion. Conclusions: This document provides support for the understanding of involuntary emotional expression disorders as a differential diagnosis in the clinical practice of psychiatrists, as well as the functional anatomy of these conditions.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Los usuarios de inhalantes pueden contraer leucoencefalopatía por tolueno, un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico devastador. Se presenta un caso de daño inducido por tolueno en el tracto corticoespinal y corticonuclear, que se manifestó con un trastorno involuntario de la expresión emocional. Métodos: Un varón de 20 años con antecedente de 3 años de abuso de solventes ingresó en la Unidad de Neuropsiquiatría del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía porque «no podía hablar ni caminar¼ y presentaba episodios súbitos de risa y llanto sin razón aparente. Resultados: La valoración neuropsiquiátrica reveló risa y llanto patológicos, apraxia facial y fonatoria, síndrome piramidal bilateral y ausencia de control del esfínter urinario. La resonancia magnética cerebral mostró un daño bilateral muy selectivo del sistema piramidal y la vía somatosensorial. La imagen de tomografía computarizada por emisión monofotónica mostró hipoperfusión frontoparietal izquierda. Conclusiones: Este documento proporciona apoyo para la comprensión de los trastornos de la expresión emocional involuntaria como diagnóstico diferencial en la práctica clínica de los psiquiatras, así como de la anatomía funcional de estas condiciones.

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica se caracteriza por el desarrollo de disfunción fisiológica progresiva y potencialmente reversible en dos o más órganos inducido por una amplia variedad de agresiones. En su patogenia el sistema inmunológico-inflamatorio desempeña un papel indispensable. Objetivo: Determinar factores asociados a la mortalidad en pacientes con síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica. Método: Se desarrolló un estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectivo en 68 pacientes con síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica atendidos en el servicio de Medicina Intensiva del Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" de Pinar del Río, durante los años 2018 y 2019. Se midieron variables, como: edad, sexo, diagnóstico al ingreso, valoración nutricional, puntuación según Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complicaciones desarrolladas, sistemas en fallo y número de órganos en fallo. Resultados: Se encontró predominio de pacientes masculinos (60,3 %) y del grupo de edades entre 60 años y 79 años (47,06 %). Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre la puntuación SOFA y el número de órganos en fallo con el estado al egreso. Las complicaciones respiratorias se manifestaron tanto en el 36 % de los pacientes fallecidos como en el 38,89 % de los egresados vivos. Se encontró un mayor número de pacientes con fallo cardiovascular (77,94 %). El fallo respiratorio (p<0,001, OR:9 IC:2,52-32,08) y SOFA ≥ 16 (p<0,042, OR:8,76 IC:1,07-71,51) incrementaron el riesgo de egresar fallecido. Conclusiones: El sobrepeso y la obesidad, el choque al ingreso, altos valores SOFA, el fallo respiratorio y nervioso, así como un mayor número de órganos en fallo se asociaron con peores pronósticos y mayor probabilidad de fallecer.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome is characterized by the development of a progressive and potentially reversible physiological dysfunction in two or more organs induced by a wide variety of aggresive situations. The immune-inflammatory system plays an indispensable role in its pathogenesis. Objective: To identify the mortality-associated factors in patients with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Method: An analytical, observational, and retrospective cohort study was developed in 68 patients with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome attended in the Intensive Care Medicine Service at the Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado", Pinar del Río, between 2018 and 2019. Variables used: age, sex, diagnosis at admission, nutritional assessment, score accordind to Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complications arose, systems and number of organs in failing process. Results: Male patients (60.3%) and age group between 60 and 79 (47.06%) were predominant. There was statistically significant association (p<0.05) between SOFA score and the number of failing organs at discharge. Respiratory complications were reported in 36% of deceased patients and in 38.89% of those discharged alive. Patients with cardiovascular failure were the most common (77.94%). Respiratory failure (p<0.001, OR:9 CI:2.52-32.08) and SOFA≥16 (p<0.042, OR:8.76 CI:1.07-71.51) increased the risk of decease-related discharge. Conclusions: Excessive body mass index and obesity, admission shock, high score of SOFA, respiratory and nerveous failure, as well as the enormeus failure of organs were associated with the worsen prognoses and with the highest probability of decease.

RESUMO Introdução: A síndrome de disfunção multiorgânica é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de disfunção fisiológica progressiva e potencialmente reversível em dois ou mais órgãos induzida por uma ampla variedade de agressões. Objetivo: Determinar os fatores associados à mortalidade em pacientes com síndrome de disfunção multiorgânica. Método: Foi realizado um estudo observacional analítico de coorte retrospectivo em 68 pacientes atendidos no serviço de Medicina Intensiva do Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado", durante os anos de 2018 e 2019. Foram medidas variáveis, tais como como: idade, sexo, diagnóstico na admissão, avaliação nutricional, escore Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complicações desenvolvidas, sistemas em falha e número de órgãos em falha. Resultados: Encontrou-se predomínio de pacientes do sexo masculino (60,3%) e da faixa etária entre 60 anos e 79 anos (47,06%). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa (p <0,05) entre o escore SOFA e o número de órgãos em falha com o estado de alta. Complicações respiratórias foram manifestadas em 36% dos pacientes falecidos e em 38,89% das altas hospitalares. Foi encontrado um maior número de pacientes com insuficiência cardiovascular (77,94%). Insuficiência respiratória (p<0,001, OR:9 CI:2,52-32,08) e SOFA ≥16 (p <0,042, OR:8,76 CI:1,07-71,51) aumentaram o risco de falecimento de alta. Conclusões: Sobrepeso e obesidade, choque na admissão, valores elevados de SOFA, insuficiência respiratória e nervosa, assim como maior número de órgãos em falha estiveram associados a pior prognóstico e maior probabilidade de óbito.

RESUMO

Introducción:El síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica se caracteriza por el desarrollo de disfunción progresiva y potencialmente reversible en dos o más órganos inducido por una amplia variedad de agresiones. En su patogenia el sistema inmunológico-inflamatorio desempeña un papel indispensable. Objetivo:Determinar factores asociados a la mortalidad en pacientes con síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica. Método: Se desarrolló un estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectivo en 68 pacientes con síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica atendidos en el servicio de Medicina Intensiva del Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de Pinar del Río, durante los años 2018 y 2019. Se midieron variables, como: edad, sexo, diagnóstico al ingreso, valoración nutricional, puntuación según Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complicaciones desarrolladas, sistemas en fallo y número de órganos en fallo. Resultados: Se encontró predominio de pacientes masculinos 60,3 por ciento y del grupo de edades entre 60 años y 79 años 47,06 por ciento. Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre la puntuación SOFA y el número de órganos en fallo con el estado al egreso. Las complicaciones respiratorias se manifestaron tanto en el 36 por ciento de los pacientes fallecidos como en el 38,89 por ciento de los egresados vivos. Se encontró un mayor número de pacientes con fallo cardiovascular 77,94 por ciento.El fallo respiratorio (p<0,001, OR:9 IC:2,52-32,08) y SOFA ≥ 16 (p<0,042, OR:8,76 IC:1,07-71,51) incrementaron el riesgo de egresar fallecido. Conclusiones: El sobrepeso y la obesidad, el choque al ingreso, altos valores SOFA, el fallo respiratorio y nervioso, así como un mayor número de órganos en fallo se asociaron con peores pronósticos y mayor probabilidad de fallecer (AU)

Introduction: Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome is characterized by the development of a progressive and potentially reversible physiological dysfunction in two or more organs induced by a wide variety of aggresive situations. The immune-inflammatory system plays an indispensable role in its pathogenesis. Objective:To identify the mortality-associated factors in patients with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Method: An analytical, observational, and retrospective cohort study was developed in 68 patients with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome attended in the Intensive Care Medicine Service at the Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado, Pinar del Río, between 2018 and 2019. Variables used: age, sex, diagnosis at admission, nutritional assessment, score accordind to Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complications arose, systems and number of organs in failing process. Results: Male patients (60.3 percent) and age group between 60 and 79 (47.06 percent) were predominant. There was statistically significant association (p<0.05) between SOFA score and the number of failing organs at discharge. Respiratory complications were reported in 36 percent of deceased patients and in 38.89 percent of those discharged alive. Patients with cardiovascular failure were the most common (77.94 percent). Respiratory failure (p<0.001, OR:9 CI:2.52-32.08) and SOFA≥16 (p<0.042, OR:8.76 CI:1.07-71.51) increased the risk of decease-related discharge. Conclusions: Excessive body mass index and obesity, admission shock, high score of SOFA, respiratory and nerveous failure, as well as the enormeus failure of organs were associated with the worsen prognoses and with the highest probability of decease (AU)

Introdução: A síndrome de disfunção multiorgânica é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de disfunção fisiológica progressiva e potencialmente reversível em dois ou mais órgãos induzida por uma ampla variedade de agressões. Objetivo: Determinar os fatores associados à mortalidade em pacientes com síndrome de disfunção multiorgânica. Método: Foi realizado um estudo observacional analítico de coorte retrospectivo em 68 pacientes atendidos no serviço de Medicina Intensiva do Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado, durante os anos de 2018 e 2019. Foram medidas variáveis, tais como como: idade, sexo, diagnóstico na admissão, avaliação nutricional, escore Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complicações desenvolvidas, sistemas em falha e número de órgãos em falha. Resultados: Encontrou-se predomínio de pacientes do sexo masculino (60,3 por cento) e da faixa etária entre 60 anos e 79 anos (47,06 por cento). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa (p <0,05) entre o escore SOFA e o número de órgãos em falha com o estado de alta. Complicações respiratórias foram manifestadas em 36 por cento dos pacientes falecidos e em 38,89 por cento das altas hospitalares. Foi encontrado um maior número de pacientes com insuficiência cardiovascular (77,94 por cento). Insuficiência respiratória (p<0,001, OR:9 CI:2,52-32,08) e SOFA ≥16 (p <0,042, OR:8,76 CI:1,07-71,51) aumentaram o risco de falecimento de alta. Conclusões: Sobrepeso e obesidade, choque na admissão, valores elevados de SOFA, insuficiência respiratória e nervosa, assim como maior número de órgãos em falha estiveram associados a pior prognóstico e maior probabilidade de óbito (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introducción: Desde marzo de 2020 Cuba está siendo afectada por el SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus altamente infeccioso y causante de la COVID-19. La COVID-19 presenta un conjunto de síntomas asociados y la evolución de los pacientes puede estar influenciada por la presencia de ciertos antecedentes patológicos personales en el hospedero. Objetivo: Identificar mediante componentes principales el agrupamiento de variables clínicas en los pacientes con COVID-19 en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. La población de estudio se conformó por los 49 casos confirmados con COVID-19 en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba desde el 20 de marzo hasta el 30 de abril del 2020. Se seleccionaron diez variables clínicas: nueve relacionadas con los síntomas y los antecedentes patológicos personales, y una con el estado fallecido. Se aplicó como técnica estadística el análisis de componentes principales. Resultados: Se obtuvo la representación de las variables en el plano de los dos primeros componentes principales. El primer componente estuvo asociado a los síntomas y el segundo componente a los antecedentes patológicos personales no asociados al aparato respiratorio. Esta representación reveló que en el primer y cuarto cuadrantes del plano se ubicaron las variables que llevaron a una evolución desfavorable de los casos, siendo notable para los que se ubican en el cuarto cuadrante. El segundo y tercer cuadrantes fueron indicadores de la evolución favorable, marcada en el segundo cuadrante. Conclusiones: El análisis de componentes principales agrupa las variables clínicas y corrobora que los antecedentes patológicos personales tienen el rol esencial en la evolución desfavorable de los pacientes con COVID-19(AU)

Introduction: Since March 2020, Cuba has been affected by SARS-CoV-2, a highly infectious coronavirus that causes COVID-19. In COVID-19 a set of associated symptoms is presented and its evolution can be influenced by the presence of certain personal pathological antecedents in the host. Objective: To identify through principal components the grouping of clinical variables in cases with COVID-19 in Santiago de Cuba province, Cuba. Methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive and transversal study. The study population consisted of the 49 confirmed cases with COVID-19 in the province of Santiago de Cuba. Ten clinical variables were selected: nine related to symptoms and personal pathological history, and one to the state "deceased". Principal component analysis was applied as a statistical technique. Results: Variables were represented at the level of the first two principal components. The first component was associated to symptoms and the second component to personal pathological antecedents not associated to the respiratory system. This representation revealed that variables leading to an unfavorable evolution of cases were located in the first and fourth quadrants of the plane, being remarkable for those located in the fourth quadrant. The second and third quadrants were indicators of the favorable evolution, being marked in the second quadrant. Conclusions: The principal component analysis groups the clinical variables and corroborates that personal pathological antecedents have an essential role in the unfavorable evolution of patients with COVID-19(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD-47) has a controversial factor structure, as some studies have provided support for 5 correlated factors, and others have suggested the existence of a general second-order dimension. One approach of data modelling that reconciles multidimensionality and the existence of a general factor is the bifactor analysis. We used unrestricted exploratory-confirmatory bifactor modelling to validate the Brazilian version of the IIP-PD-47. METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,091 subjects aged 18-64 years who answered the IIP-PD-47 and a collateral measure of pathological traits, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). RESULTS: After testing many candidate models, our data were best represented by a bifactor model with one general factor and five specific uncorrelated factors. Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the discriminant validity of each IIP-PD-47 factor revealed strong support for the general factor and a factor capturing aggressive behaviours, but less support for the additional four specific factors. CONCLUSIONS: The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and some recommendations are offered about the need for controlling response styles when assessing PD traits via self-report inventories. Our findings indicate that the Brazilian version of IIP-PD has promising psychometric properties.

RESUMO

The competitive anxiety shows positive and linear relationship with risk behaviors for eating disorders (RBED). The competitive anxiety shows negative and linear relationship with coping strategies. Perhaps the coping strategies can mediate the relationship between competitive anxiety and RBED in athletes. The aim of this study was to analyze the coping mediation between competitive anxiety and RBED in Brazilian male athletes. 739 athletes from various sports participated. To assess the RBED frequency, the Disordered Eating in Sports Scale was adopted. The Brazilian version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory was used to evaluate competitive anxiety. Athletic Coping Strategies Inventory was used to evaluate coping strategies. The findings revealed a direct relationship between competitive anxiety and RBED (p = .01). The results indicated that coping strategies potentiated the relationship between competitive anxiety and RBED (p = .01). It was concluded that coping can be considered a psychological determinant in the relationship between competitive anxiety and RBED.

A ansiedade competitiva possui relação positiva e linear com a frequência de comportamentos de risco para os transtornos alimentares (CRTA). A ansiedade competitiva apresenta relação negativa e linear com as estratégias de coping. Talvez o coping possa mediar a relação entre a ansiedade competitiva e a frequência de CRTA em atletas. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a mediação do coping entre a ansiedade competitiva e os CRTA em atletas brasileiros do sexo masculino. Participaram 739 atletas. Para avaliação da frequência de CRTA, foi adotada a Disordered Eating in Sports Scale. Utilizou-se a versão brasileira do Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) para avaliar a ansiedade competitiva. Foi utilizado o Athletic Coping Strategies Inventory para avaliar as estratégias de coping. Os achados revelaram relação direta entre a ansiedade competitiva e os CRTA (p = .01). Os resultados indicaram que as estratégias de coping potencializaram a relação entre a ansiedade competitiva e os CRTA (p = .01). Concluiu-se que o coping pode ser considerado uma variável psicológica determinante na relação entre a ansiedade competitiva e os CRTA.

No se sabe si el afrontamiento media la relación entre la ansiedad y los comportamientos de riesgo para los trastornos de la alimentación (CRTA) en atletas. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la mediación de afrontamiento entre la ansiedad competitiva y CRTA en los atletas masculinos brasileños. Participaron 739 atletas. Para evaluar la frecuencia de los CRTA se adoptó Disordered Eating in Sports Scale. Se utilizó la versión brasileña del Competitive State Anxiety Inventory para evaluar la ansiedad competitiva. Se utilizó el Athletic Coping Strategies Inventory para evaluar las estrategias de afrontamiento. Los resultados revelaron una relación directa entre la ansiedad competitiva y CRTA (p = .01). Los resultados indicaron que las estrategias de afrontamiento potenciaron la relación entre la ansiedad competitiva y CRTA (p = .01). Se concluyó que el afrontamiento se puede considerar una variable psicológica decisiva en la relación entre la ansiedad competitiva y CRTA.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introducción: Las "zonas de entrada seguras" (ZES) al tronco cerebral describen accesos destinados a preservar estructuras críticas. La mayoría de las publicaciones son descripciones anatómicas; existiendo pocas sobre su aplicación. En este escenario, nuestro trabajo puede sumar información para el manejo quirúrgico en casos seleccionados. Material y Métodos: De una serie de 13 pacientes, se presentan 9 que no eran candidatos para biopsia estereotáctica y recibieron microcirugía. Las localizaciones fueron: mesencéfalo (3), tectum (1), protuberancia (2) y bulbo (3). Cinco pacientes tuvieron KPS => 70; y 4, KPS <70. Diferentes ZES fueron utilizadas según la topografía lesional. El grado de resección se basó en la biopsia intraoperatoria y el monitoreo neurofisiológico. Resultados: Los hallazgos patológicos fueron: astrocitoma pilocítico (1), glioma de bajo grado (1), hemangioblastoma (1), subependimoma (1), disgerminoma (1), y lesiones pseudotumorales (3 cavernomas y 1 pseudotumor inflamatorio). El grado de resección fue completo (4), subtotal (3), y biopsia fue considerada suficiente en (2). Un paciente falleció en el postoperatorio. Discusión: Las lesiones del tronco cerebral son infrecuentes en adultos. Las controversias surgen cuando se balancean los beneficios de obtener diagnóstico histopatológico y los riesgos potenciales de procedimientos invasivos. La amplia variedad de hallazgos en esta localización exige una precisa definición histopatológica, que no solamente determinará la terapéutica adecuada, sino que advierte sobre las consecuencias potencialmente catastróficas de los tratamientos empíricos. Las ZES ofrecen un acceso posible y seguro, aunque es más realista considerarlas como áreas para abordar lesiones intrínsecas con baja morbilidad más que como zonas completamente seguras

Introduction: The "safe entry zones" (SEZ) to the brainstem are special entrances described to preserve critical structures. Most publications correspond to anatomic research; few papers report their application in surgery. In this scenario, our report could add information to the surgical management in selected cases. Material and Methods: Out of a series of 13 patients, 9 were non-candidates for stereotactic biopsy and received microsurgery. Localizations of the lesions were: mesencephalus (3), tectal plate (1), pons (2) and medulla oblongata (3). Five patients had KPS => 70; 4, KPS <70. Different SEZ were used according to lesional topography. The extent of resection were based on the frozen pathology findings and neurophysiological monitoring. Results: A variety of pathological findings were found: low-grade glioma (1); pilocytic astrocytoma (1); hemangioblastoma (1); subependimoma (1); disgerminoma (1); pseudotumoral lesions (cavernomas 3 and inflammatory pseudotumor 1). The extent of resection was complete (4), subtotal (3), and biopsy was considered sufficient in 2 cases. One patient died 96-hours-postoperative due to brainstem edema. Discussion: Brainstem structural lesions are uncommon in adults. Controversies arise regarding the need of histologic diagnosis, weighing benefits of a reliable diagnosis and the potential disadvantages of the invasive procedures. The accurate histopathological definition could not only determine an adequate therapy, but also can prevent the disastrous consequences of empiric treatments. The SEZ provides a feasible and safe access, although it is more realistic to consider them as areas to approach intrinsec lesions with less morbidity than to consider them as completely safe entrances

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Background: The association of subclinical thyroid dysfunction (STD) with cardiac arrhythmias remains controversial, particularly in the non-elderly population. Objective: To investigate whether STD was associated with cardiac arrhythmias in a cohort of middle-aged and older adults. Methods: Baseline data of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health, ELSA-Brasil (35-74 years) were collected from 2008 to 2010. After exclusion of clinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, participants were categorized as euthyroidism (TSH = 0.4-4.0 µU/mL), subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH > 4.0 µU/mL; FT4 = 0.8-1.9 ng/dL), and subclinical hyperthyroidism (TSH < 0.4 µU/mL; FT4 = 0.8-1.9 ng/dL). The prevalence rates of tachycardia (HR > 100) and bradycardia (HR < 60), atrial fibrillation/flutter, conduction disorders, extrasystoles, low QRS voltage, prolonged QT intervals, and persistent supraventricular rhythms were compared between groups after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, lifestyle, body mass index and medications. Results: The HR data of 13,341 participants (52% female; median age, 51 years) and the electrocardiogram readings of 11,795 were analyzed; 698 participants (5.23%) were classified as subclinical hypothyroidism, 193 (1.45%) as subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 12,450 (93.32%) as euthyroidism. The prevalence of rhythm and conduction disorders was similar, as were HR medians, even in the subgroups with TSH < 0.01 UI/mL or > 10.0 UI/mL or in older adults. Conduction disorders were less prevalent in older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism (adjusted OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.80). Conclusion: In this large, multicenter and cross-sectional study, STD was not associated with cardiac arrhythmias, but a longitudinal assessment is necessary.

Resumo Fundamento: A associação de disfunção tireoidiana subclínica (DST) com arritmias cardíacas permanece controversa, particularmente na população não idosa. Objetivo: Investigar se a DST está associada a arritmias cardíacas em uma coorte de adultos de meia-idade e idosos. Métodos: Dados da linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, ELSA-Brasil (35-74 anos) foram coletados de 2008 a 2010. Após exclusão de hipo e hipertireoidismo clínicos, os participantes foram categorizados como eutireoidismo (TSH = 0,4 a 4,0 µU/mL), hipotireoidismo subclínico (TSH > 4,0 µU/mL; T4L = 0,8-1,9 ng/dL) e hipertireoidismo subclínico (TSH <0,4 µU/mL; T4L = 0,8 a 1,9 ng/dL). As prevalências de taquicardia (Frequência cardíaca [FC] > 100) e bradicardia (FC < 60), fibrilação atrial/flutter, distúrbios de condução, extrassístoles, baixa voltagem do QRS, intervalos QT prolongados e ritmo supraventricular persistente foram comparadas entre os grupos após ajuste por idade, sexo, comorbidades, estilo de vida, índice de massa corporal e uso de medicamentos. Resultados: Foram analisados os dados da FC de 13.341 participantes (52% do sexo feminino; idade média de 51 anos) e das leituras de 11.795 ECG; 698 participantes (5,23%) foram classificados como hipotireoidismo subclínico, 193 (1,45%) como hipertireoidismo subclínico e 12.450 (93,32%) como eutireoidismo. A prevalência de distúrbios de ritmo e condução foi semelhante, assim como as médias de FC, mesmo nos subgrupos com TSH < 0,01 UI/mL ou > 10,0 UI/mL ou em idosos. Distúrbios de condução foram menos prevalentes em idosos com hipotireoidismo subclínico (OR ajustado = 0,44; IC95% 0,24-0,80). Conclusão: Neste grande estudo multicêntrico e transversal, a DST não foi associada a arritmias cardíacas, mas uma avaliação longitudinal é necessária.

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

O carcinoma de células renais (CCR) corresponde a 2 a 3% das malignidades em adultos, sendo que 75-80% destes correspondem ao CCR do tipo células claras (CCRcc). Sua forma metastática é quase sempre fatal. A transição Epitélio-Mesênquima (TEM), alteração fenotípica observada por células neoplásicas, pode conferir pior prognóstico, por aumentar a migração e invasão e favorecer o surgimento de metástases. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a expressão de e-caderina e vimentina, marcadores de TEM, e associá-los a fatores clínico-patológicos em CCRcc utilizando-se de larga casuística disponível no nosso serviço (580 pacientes presentes com cortes de Tissue MicroArray ­ TMA), de modo a avaliar o impacto da presença de TEM na sobrevida dos pacientes de forma substancial. Houve predominância de expressão de vimentina e de algum grau de perda de e-caderina nas amostras analisadas. A perda de expressão de e-caderina foi associada a tamanho, necrose tumoral e margem positiva, enquanto a expressão de vimentina associou-se com menor grau ISUP. Nenhum dos marcadores estudados influenciou sobrevidas global e câncer-específica (AU)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2 to 3% of malignancies in adults, with 75-80% of them corresponding to clear cell CRC (ccRCC). Its metastatic form is almost always lethal. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a phenotypic alteration observed by neoplastic cells, may confer a worse prognosis, as it increases migration and invasion and favors the appearance of metastases. The aim of this study was to analyze the combined expression of two EMT markers, e-cadherin and vimentin, and associate them with clinical-pathological factors in CCRcc using a wide casuistry available in our service (580 patients present with Tissue MicroArray - TMA sections), in order to evaluate the impact of the presence of EMT in the survival of patients in a substantial way. There was a predominance of vimentin expression and some degree of e-cadherin loss in the analyzed samples. E-cadherin was associated with tumor size and necrosis, while vimentin was associated with higher ISUP grade. None of the markers studied influenced global or cancer-specific survivals (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O autor analisa a peça de teatro "Amadeus" e estuda a função da inveja na relação de Mozart e Salieri. Caracteriza a inveja como uma função estruturante normal da maior importância no desenvolvimento da consciência. Chama atenção para a dificuldade de se compreender este fato devido às nossas concepções psicológicas se acharem ainda dominadas pela obra repressora-puritana da Inquisição. Afirma que na apresentação da peça a patologia mental de Mozart é ainda maior que a de Salieri. Relaciona a inveja patológica de Mozart com um complexo paterno negativo e a de Salieri com a prostituição de sua Anima. Explica a deterioração progressiva das personalidades de Mozart e Salieri: ao não assumirem sua inveja normal, esta se tornou cada vez mais sombria e patológica, ultrapassando o dinamismo neurótico e atingindo o psicótico. Descreve a função estruturante normal do ciúme para melhor discriminar a inveja e exemplificar o ciúme patológico com a peça Otelo, de Shakespeare. Finalmente, diferencia a função estruturante normal do ciúme e da inveja nos ciclos arquetípicos matriarcal, patriarcal, de alteridade e cósmico. ■

The author describes envy as a normal structuring function in the development of personality. Envy constellates symbols for development and helps to discriminate the Ego from the Other (the I from not I) in the construction of identity. When envy is not given proper attention it becomes part of the Shadow, which may lead to neurotic and even psychotic behavior. An example is given in the relationship between Mozart and Salieri such as it was represented in Peter Shaffer's play "Amadeus". Envy constellated the symbol of Mozart in the development of Salieri's personality as an expression of his betrayed creativity. Since early youth, social ambition had led Salieri to create for fame instead of for his own Self. The betrayal of the Anima formed a powerful symbol of prostituted creativity in his pathological Shadow, which was constellated through envy when he met Mozart. Unable to attend his envy creatively by confronting his Shadow, Salieri acted out his envy destructively by destroying Mozart, his own Anima and himself. Envy constellated the negative father complex in Mozart's personality when he met Salieri. The prodigious child soon surpassed his father. Lack of appropriate protection, affection and loving guidance developed a negative father complex in Mozart's personality. This prevented social adaptation due to a compulsive aggression toward authority figures expressed through defensive irony, ridicule and overall irreverent behavior. Marriage and fatherhood activated the father role and strongly intensified these defenses. As an Italian musician successfully serving the Viennese monarchy, Salieri stood for an extraordinary example of social adaptation and success. Envy constellated the negative father complex through the symbol of social unadaptation present in Mozart's Shadow. By defensively humiliating Salieri through his creativity, Mozart greatly intensified Salieri's defenses against his own genuine creativity. Plotting against Mozart's efforts to support his family through music lessons and court services, Salieri significantly strengthened Mozart's defenses against social adaptation. Such complementary defensive behavior prevented envy from further creative development and established a neurotic symbiotic relationship. The creative forces of both personalities were so powerful, however, that neurotic defenses were insufficient to express their pathological Shadows. Psychopathic aggression and psychotic megalomaniac dynamism took over Salieri's personality, while paranoid, persecutory delusion had and irreversible effect on Mozart's career. The author further clarifies the role of envy in normal and pathological development by comparing it with jealousy as expressed in Shakespeare's Othello. Envy is predominantly active, Jang and revolutionary. It stimulates growth through greed. Jealousy is predominantly passive, Yin and reactionary. lt stimulates the maintenance of the status quo through the threat of loss. Envy functions predominantly through the power drive and favors Ego development by limiting omnipotence through self-humiliation and competitive performance. Jealousy functions predominantly through the erotic drive by rejecting the Ego's narcissistic self-assurance through doubt. Both are archetypal structuring functions indispensable for the symbolic development of Consciousness from its very beginning. While envy discriminates the Ego from the Other through delimitation of the Ego's power, jealousy discriminates the Ego from the intimate Other by introducing a threatening, affectionate foreign Other. The author questions the classical psychoanalytical consideration of jealousy as a later development of envy due to the triangular structure of jealousy as compared to the binary structure of envy. The author argues that jealousy can act through an intimate Other, which is so closely fused with the I that, psychodynamically speaking, jealousy can function in the primary binary relationship as much as envy. The difference, then, lies not in the triangular structure of jealousy but on the threat, which the Other holds for the I in jealousy, which is a complementary psychological function of the threat which the I holds for the Other in envy. The paper ends with a brief description of the different structuring functions of envy and jealousy in each of the four archetypal cycles of symbolic personality development (matriarchal-patriarchal, otherness and cosmic). ■

El autor analiza la pieza de teatro "Amadeus" y estudia la función de la envidia en la relación de Mozart y Salieri. Caracteriza la envidia como una función estructurante normal de la mayor importancia en el desarrollo de la conciencia. Llama atención a la dificultad de comprender este hecho debido a que nuestras concepciones psicológicas se hallan todavía dominadas por la obra represora-puritana de la Inquisición. Afirma que en la presentación de la pieza la patología mental de Mozart es aún mayor que la de Salieri. Relaciona la envidia patológica de Mozart con un complejo paterno negativo y la de Salieri con la prostitución de su Anima. Explica el deterioro progresivo de las personalidades de Mozart y Salieri: al no asumir su envidia normal, ésta se volvió cada vez más sombría y patológica, superando el dinamismo neurótico y alcanzando lo psicótico. Describe la función estructurante normal de los celos para mejor discriminar la envidia y ejemplificar los celos patológicos con la pieza Otelo de Shakespeare. Finalmente, diferencia la función estructurante normal de los celos y la envidia en los ciclos arquetípicos matriarcal, patriarcal, de alteridad y cósmico. ■

RESUMO

Resumen En la presente investigación se analiza la asociación entre sintomatología psicopatológica, estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés y variables sociodemográficas relacionadas con la vivencia de un desastre socionatural. En total, participaron 399 universitarios que completaron las escalas de los síntomas psicológicos (SCL-90-R), estrategias de afrontamientos (CSI) y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Se utilizó una estrategia asociativa-comparativa transversal y un diseño de grupos naturales. Los resultados indicaron la existencia de diferencias debidas al sexo en los síntomas psicopatológicos de somatización, depresión, y ansiedad, siendo las mujeres quienes puntuaron más alto. Se presentan diferencias con respecto a la valoración global del impacto producido por un aluvión en todas las dimensiones psicopatológicas, excepto en sensibilidad interpersonal; y los análisis de regresión múltiple mostraron que las dimensiones psicopatológicas son explicadas por alta retirada social y pensamiento desiderativo. Estos resultados sugieren que tanto las estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés como la presencia de niños en el núcleo familiar, la exposición a la violencia, el deterioro de la vivienda y la valoración de impacto, son potentes predictores de la sintomatología de la depresión, el índice sintomático general, la ansiedad, la somatización, la obsesión-compulsión y el total de síntomas positivos.

Resumo Na presente pesquisa, analisa-se a associação entre sintomatologia psicopatológica, estratégias de enfrentamento do estresse e variáveis sociodemográficas relacionadas com a vivência de um desastre socionatural. Em total, participaram 399 universitários que completaram as escalas dos sintomas psicológicos (SCL-90-R), estratégias de enfrentamentos (CSI) e um questionário sociodemográfico. Utilizou-se estratégia associativa-comparativa transversal e desenho de grupos naturais. Os resultados indicaram a existência de diferenças devido ao sexo nos sintomas psicopatológicos de somatização, depressão e ansiedade, sendo as mulheres as que pontuaram mais alto. Apresentam-se diferenças a respeito da valoração global do impacto produzido por um deslizamento de terra em todas as dimensões psicopatológicas, exceto em sensibilidade interpessoal; as análises de regressão múltipla mostraram que as dimensões psicopatológicas são explicadas por alta retirada social e pensamento desiderativo. Esses resultados sugerem que tanto as estratégias de enfrentamento do estresse quanto a presença de crianças no núcleo familiar, a exposição à violência, a deterioração da moradia e a valoração de impacto são potentes preditores da sintomatologia da depressão, do índice sintomático geral, da ansiedade, da somatização, da obsessão-compulsão e do total de sintomas positivos.

Abstract This paper aimed to analyze the association between psychopathological symptomatology, stress coping strategies and sociodemographic variables related to the experience of social disaster. 399 undergraduates completed the Psychological Symptom Scales (SCL-90-R), the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) and a sociodemographic survey. A cross-sectional associative-comparative strategy and a natural group design were used. The results indicated the existence of differences due to sex in the psychopathological symptoms of Somatization, Depression, and Anxiety, where women scored higher. There are differences regarding the global assessment of the impact caused by the flood in all psychopathological dimensions, except for Interpersonal Sensitivity. Multiple regression analyzes showed that the psychopathological dimensions are explained by high Social Withdrawal and Desiderative Thinking. These results suggest that not only stress coping strategies, but the presence of children in the family nucleus, exposure to violence, housing deterioration and impact assessment are potent predictors of symptoms of Depression, General Symptomatic Index, Anxiety, Somatization, Obsession-Compulsion, and Total Positive Symptoms.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a presença de anticorpos para Leishmania infantum, Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii, por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), em cães (n=78) provenientes da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, necropsiados no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), bem como avaliar os dados epidemiológicos, sazonais e anátomo-histopatológicos. Do total de animais avaliados, 67,9% (53/78) apresentaram soropositividade para ao menos um agente. A ocorrência de anticorpos para L. infantum, N. caninum e T. gondii foi de 33,3 (26/78), 37,1 (29/78) e 43,5% (34/78), respectivamente. Detectaram-se monoinfecções em 9,4% (5/53) para L. infantum, 18,8% (10/53) para N. caninum e 20,7% (11/53) para T. gondii. As coinfecções foram observadas em 27/53 (50,9%) dos animais. As infecções ocorreram independentemente de idade, sexo, procedência ou raça (P>0,05). Não se verificaram lesões anatomo-histopatológicas relacionadas aos agentes pesquisados, caracterizando-os como animais assintomáticos. Os resultados confirmaram a exposição de cães a esses protozoários na região central do RS e, em especial, demonstraram a circulação do agente causador da leishmaniose em uma área considerada indene para a enfermidade.(AU)

The present paper is aimed to determine the presence of antibodies for Leishmania infantum, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) in dogs (n=78) from the central region in the state of Rio Grande do Sul necropsied in the Veterinary Hospital from Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). The data was evaluated regarding epidemiological, anatomic, and histopathologic findings. Of the total animals evaluated, 67.9% (53/78) showed seropositivity for at least one agent. The occurrence of antibodies to L. infantum, N. caninum and T. gondii was 33.3% (26/78) 37.1% (29/78) and 43.5% (34/78), respectively. The mono infections were detected in 9.4% (5/53) of L. infantum, 18.8% (10/53) for N. caninum and 20.7% (11/53) T. gondii. The coinfections occurred in 50.9% (27/53) of animals. There were not anatomical and histopathological lesions regarding these surveyed agents, characterizing them as subclinical animals. The results confirmed the exposition of dogs to these protozoa in the central region of the RS, highlighting the circulation of the causer agent of leishmaniasis in an area considered harmless for the disease.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a presença de anticorpos para Leishmania infantum, Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii, por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), em cães (n=78) provenientes da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, necropsiados no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), bem como avaliar os dados epidemiológicos, sazonais e anátomo-histopatológicos. Do total de animais avaliados, 67,9% (53/78) apresentaram soropositividade para ao menos um agente. A ocorrência de anticorpos para L. infantum, N. caninum e T. gondii foi de 33,3 (26/78), 37,1 (29/78) e 43,5% (34/78), respectivamente. Detectaram-se monoinfecções em 9,4% (5/53) para L. infantum, 18,8% (10/53) para N. caninum e 20,7% (11/53) para T. gondii. As coinfecções foram observadas em 27/53 (50,9%) dos animais. As infecções ocorreram independentemente de idade, sexo, procedência ou raça (P>0,05). Não se verificaram lesões anatomo-histopatológicas relacionadas aos agentes pesquisados, caracterizando-os como animais assintomáticos. Os resultados confirmaram a exposição de cães a esses protozoários na região central do RS e, em especial, demonstraram a circulação do agente causador da leishmaniose em uma área considerada indene para a enfermidade.(AU)

The present paper is aimed to determine the presence of antibodies for Leishmania infantum, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) in dogs (n=78) from the central region in the state of Rio Grande do Sul necropsied in the Veterinary Hospital from Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). The data was evaluated regarding epidemiological, anatomic, and histopathologic findings. Of the total animals evaluated, 67.9% (53/78) showed seropositivity for at least one agent. The occurrence of antibodies to L. infantum, N. caninum and T. gondii was 33.3% (26/78) 37.1% (29/78) and 43.5% (34/78), respectively. The mono infections were detected in 9.4% (5/53) of L. infantum, 18.8% (10/53) for N. caninum and 20.7% (11/53) T. gondii. The coinfections occurred in 50.9% (27/53) of animals. There were not anatomical and histopathological lesions regarding these surveyed agents, characterizing them as subclinical animals. The results confirmed the exposition of dogs to these protozoa in the central region of the RS, highlighting the circulation of the causer agent of leishmaniasis in an area considered harmless for the disease.(AU)

Assuntos