RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the variation in COVID-19 inpatient care mortality among hospitals reimbursed by the Unified Health System (SUS) in the first two years of the pandemic in São Paulo state and make performance comparisons within periods and over time. METHODS: Observational study based on secondary data from the Hospital Information System. The study universe consisted of 289,005 adult hospitalizations whose primary diagnosis was COVID-19 in five periods from 2020 to 2022. A multilevel regression model was applied, and the death predictive variables were sex, age, Charlson Index, obesity, type of admission, Brazilian Deprivation Index (BrazDep), the month of admission, and hospital size. Then, the total observed deaths and total deaths predicted by the model's fixed effect component were aggregated by each hospital, estimating the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) in each period. Funnel plots with limits of two standard deviations were employed to classify hospitals by performance (higher-than-expected, as expected, and lower-than-expected) and determine whether there was a change in category over the periods. RESULTS: A positive association was observed between hospital mortality and size (number of beds). There was greater variation in the percentage of hospitals with as-expected performance (39.5 to 76.1%) and those with lower-than-expected performance (6.6 to 32.3%). The hospitals with higher-than-expected performance remained at around 30% of the total, except in the fifth period. In the first period, 64 hospitals (18.3%) had lower-than-expected performance, with standardized mortality ratios ranging from 1.2 to 4.4, while in the last period, only 23 (6.6%) hospitals were similarly classified, with ratios ranging from 1.3 to 2.8. A trend of homogenization and adjustment to expected performance was observed over time. CONCLUSION: Despite the study's limitations, the results suggest an improvement in the COVID-19 inpatient care performance of hospitals reimbursed by the SUS in São Paulo over the period studied, measured by the standardized mortality ratio for hospitalizations due to COVID-19. Moreover, the methodological approach adapted to the Brazilian context provides an applicable tool to follow-up hospital's performance in caring all or specific-cause hospitalizations, in regular or exceptional emergency situations.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , COVID-19/mortalidade , Brasil/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Idoso , SARS-CoV-2 , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Pandemias , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: Se desconoce si el personal de enfermería del consultorio del médico y la enfermera de la familia cumple con las actividades asignadas, ni cómo consume los recursos. Objetivo: Describir las actividades y los recursos consumidos por el personal de enfermería en los consultorios del médico y la enfermera de la familia. Métodos: Investigación descriptiva transversal. Se estudió la totalidad de los consultorios del médico y la enfermera de la familia de tres policlínicos del municipio Diez de Octubre en 2016. Se utilizaron seis indicadores de actividades y cuatro de recursos. Se emplearon la mediana, la media, el mínimo, el máximo y se aplicaron pruebas para comparación de medias y proporciones. Resultados: En dos de los tres policlínicos, menos de la mitad de los consultorios cumplieron el seguimiento del programa materno infantil (mediana 67,69 por ciento y 36,25 por ciento), ninguno cumplió el seguimiento a los grupos especiales (mediana 46,02 por ciento y 38,38 por ciento) ni a los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas (mediana 17,46 por ciento y 1,92 por ciento) o con enfermedades transmisibles (mediana 0,00 por ciento). Solo en un policlínico todos los consultorios cumplieron con la citología vaginal (mediana 117,16). El mayor gasto fue por recursos humanos y fue similar entre las unidades (10122,44 CUP a 10997,29 CUP). Conclusiones: El funcionamiento fue dispar. Si bien hubo consultorios del médico y la enfermera de la familia que cumplieron con la mayoría de las actividades previstas con gastos similares o menores al resto, en otros, el trabajo quedó muy por debajo de lo establecido, aunque con gastos iguales o mayores al resto(AU)
ABSTRACT Introduction: It is unknown if the nursing staff of the family doctor's and nurse's office fulfills the assigned activities, or how they consume the resources. Objective: To describe the activities and resources consumed by the nursing staff of the family doctor's and nurse's office. Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive research. All the family doctor's and nurse's offices belonging to three outpatient polyclinics of Diez de Octubre Municipality were studied in 2016. Six indicators of activities and four of resources were used. The median, average, minimum, maximum were used, and tests were applied to compare means and proportions. Results: In two of the three outpatient polyclinics, less than half of the medical offices fulfilled the follow-up of the maternal and child program (median 67.69 percent and 36.25 percent), none complied with the follow-up of special groups (median 46.02 percent and 38.38 percent), or to patients with chronic diseases (median 17.46 percent and 1.92 percent) or with communicable diseases (median 0.00 percent). Only for one outpatient polyclinic all the medical offices fulfilled the vaginal cytology (median 117,16). The highest expenditure was in human resources and similar among the units (10122.44 CUP to 10997.29 CUP). Conclusions: The medical office running was uneven. Although there were family doctor's and nurse's offices that fulfilled most of the planned activities with expenses similar or less than the rest, in others, the work was well below what was established, although with expenses equal to or greater than the rest(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Consultórios Médicos/normas , Enfermagem de Atenção Primária/métodos , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo analisar a associação entre os fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos e os indicadores do resultado de enfermagem Integridade Tissular em pacientes com úlceras venosas. Métodos estudo transversal realizado em um hospital universitário de Natal/RN/Brasil entre os meses fevereiro a junho de 2012, com 50 indivíduos. Para a análise das variáveis, utilizou-se o teste de Correlação de Spearman, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis, adotando-se um nível de 5%. Resultados houve correlação, de intensidade fraca, entre idade e os indicadores hidratação e descamação cutânea; renda familiar e necrose, bem como associação entre sexo e indicadores temperatura, quantidade de pelos e exsudato. Conclusão as variáveis que apresentaram associação geram informações relevantes para o tratamento dos pacientes com úlceras venosas, contribuindo na redução do tempo úlcera e, consequentemente, do incômodo, das restrições e dos gastos. Assim, devem ser considerados durante a assistência a um paciente com os diagnósticos de enfermagem Integridade da pele prejudicada e/ou Integridade Tissular prejudicada.
RESUMEN Objetivo analizar la asociación entre los factores socioeconómicos y clínicos y los indicadores del resultado Integridad del Tejidos en pacientes con úlceras venosas. Métodos estudio transversal en un hospital universitario de Natal / RN / Brasil, de febrero a junio de 2012, con 50 individuos. Para el análisis de las variables se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Spearman, Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis, adoptando un nivel de 5%. Resultados se observó una correlación de baja intensidad, entre la edad y los indicadores de la hidratación y la descamación de la piel; ingresos familiares y necrosis, así como la asociación entre el sexo y la temperatura, la cantidad de pelo y exudado. Conclusión las variables que se asociaron generan información relevante para el tratamiento de pacientes con úlceras venosas, que contribuyen a reducir el tiempo de la úlcera, y, en consecuencia, la molestia, restricciones y gastos. Por lo tanto, deben ser considerados durante el cuidado de un paciente con el diagnóstico de enfermería Deterioro de la integridad de la piel y / o la integridad del tejido deteriorado.
ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the association between socioeconomic and clinical factors and indicators of the tissue integrity outcome in nursing among patients with venous ulcers. Methods a cross-sectional study at a university hospital in Natal, RN, Brazil, from February to June 2012, with 50 individuals. To analyze the variables, we used the Spearman correlation test and the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests at a level of 5%. Results there was a correlation of low intensity between age and the indicators hydration and skin peeling, and family income and necrosis. There was also an association between gender and the indicators temperature, amount of body hair and exudation. Conclusion the associated variables provide important information for the treatment of patients with venous ulcers, and can help reduce ulcer time and the consequent discomfort, limitations and costs. This information should be considered when providing care for patients with a nursing diagnosis of impaired skin integrity and/or impaired tissue integrity.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Úlcera Varicosa/epidemiologia , Ambulatório Hospitalar , Exame Físico , Pele/irrigação sanguínea , Pele/patologia , Úlcera Varicosa/enfermagem , Úlcera Varicosa/patologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Fatores Sexuais , Estudos Transversais , Fatores Etários , Resultado do Tratamento , Exsudatos e Transudatos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , NecroseRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Em uma unidade de terapia intensiva, a circulação de pessoas da equipe multidisciplinar e o número considerável de equipamentos e alarmes sonoros deixam o ambiente ruidoso. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi mensurar os níveis de ruídos de uma unidade de terapia intensiva da cidade de Recife e avaliar sua percepção pelos profissionais da unidade. MÉTODOS: Durante uma semana, 24 horas por dia, foi utilizado um decibelímetro para realizar mensurações a cada cinco segundos. Após as aferições, foi aplicado um questionário aos profissionais sobre sua percepção e incômodo causados pelo ruído, e se eles achavam possível reduzir o barulho. RESULTADOS: A média de ruído verificada foi de 58,21 ± 5,93 dB. O período diurno apresentou maiores níveis de ruídos que o noturno (60,86 ± 4,90 vs 55,60 ± 5,98 dB; p < 0,001), assim como os dias úteis quando comparados ao final de semana (58,77 ± 6,05 vs 56,83 ± 5,90 dB; p < 0,001) e a passagem de plantão noturna quando comparada a diurna (62,31 ± 4,70 vs 61,35 ± 5,08 dB; p < 0,001). Dos 73 profissionais que responderam o questionário, 97,3 por cento acham que a unidade de terapia intensiva tem ruído de moderado a intenso, 50,7 por cento se sentem prejudicados pelo barulho e 98,6 por cento acham que é possível reduzir o nível de ruídos. CONCLUSÃO: Os níveis de ruídos encontrados estavam acima dos recomendados. Programas preventivos e educativos conscientizando da importância da redução do nível de ruído devem ser estimulados, envolvendo todos os profissionais que compõem a equipe da unidade de terapia intensiva.
OBJECTIVE: The several multidisciplinary team personnel and device alarms make intensive care units noisy environments. This study aimed to measure the noise level of a medical-surgical intensive care unit in Recife, Brazil, and to assess the noise perception by the unit's healthcare professionals. METHODS: A decibel meter was used for continuous every five seconds one week noise levels recording. After this measurement, an interview shaped noise perception questionnaire was applied to the healthcare professionals, approaching the discomfort level and noise control possibilities. RESULTS: Mean 58.21 ± 5.93 dB noise was recorded. The morning noise level was higher than at night (60.85 ± 4.90 versus 55.60 ± 5.98, p <0.001), as well as work-days versus weekend (58. 77 ± 6.05 versus 56.83 ± 5.90, p <0.001). The evening staff shift change noise was louder than by daytime change (62.31 ± 4.70 versus 61.35 ± 5.08 dB; p < 0.001). Of the 73 questionnaire respondents, 97.3 percent believe that the intensive care unit has moderate or intense noise levels; 50.7 percent consider the noise harmful; and 98.6 percent believe that noise levels can be reduced. CONCLUSION: The measured noise levels were above the recommended. Preventive and educational programs approaching the importance of noise levels reduction should be encouraged in intensive care units.