RESUMO
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in dogs. It has a high invasion capacity and commonly metastasizes. This neoplasia ensues mainly in the medullary canal of long bones of the appendicular and axial skeleton, rarely affecting primarily extra-skeletal sites. Primary meningeal osteosarcomas are extremely rare both in human and veterinary medicine. A male, mixed breed dog was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital with a history of over excitement, decreased neurological reflexes, and seizures. The worsening of its clinical condition led to its euthanasia and anatomopathological examination at the Veterinary Pathology Service. This report describes a primary extra-skeletal osteosarcoma of a dogs meninges. Its clinical signs were indicative of a central nervous system disease later diagnosed by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.
O osteossarcoma é considerado a neoplasia óssea mais frequente em cães. Tem elevada capacidade invasiva e comumente gera metástase. Essa neoplasia é mais frequentemente observada no canal medular de ossos longos do esqueleto apendicular e axial. É raro que acometa primariamente sítios extraesqueléticos. O osteossarcoma primário meningeal é considerado extremamente raro em medicinas humana e veterinária. Um cão macho e sem raça definida foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário com histórico de excitação, diminuição dos reflexos neurológicos e desenvolvimento de quadro convulsivo. O agravamento do quadro clínico levou à eutanásia do animal e a um exame anatomopatológico pelo Serviço de Patologia Veterinária. O objetivo deste relato é descrever um caso de osteossarcoma extra-esquelético primário de meninge em um cão que apresentou quadro clínico compatível com doença originária do sistema nervoso central e que foi diagnosticado por meio das análises histopatológica e imunohistoquímica.
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Encéfalo/patologia , Meninges/patologia , Osteossarcoma/diagnóstico , Osteossarcoma/veterinária , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Neoplasias Meníngeas/veterinária , Neoplasias Ósseas/veterináriaRESUMO
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in dogs. It has a high invasion capacity and commonly metastasizes. This neoplasia ensues mainly in the medullary canal of long bones of the appendicular and axial skeleton, rarely affecting primarily extra-skeletal sites. Primary meningeal osteosarcomas are extremely rare both in human and veterinary medicine. A male, mixed breed dog was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital with a history of over excitement, decreased neurological reflexes, and seizures. The worsening of its clinical condition led to its euthanasia and anatomopathological examination at the Veterinary Pathology Service. This report describes a primary extra-skeletal osteosarcoma of a dogs meninges. Its clinical signs were indicative of a central nervous system disease later diagnosed by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.(AU)
O osteossarcoma é considerado a neoplasia óssea mais frequente em cães. Tem elevada capacidade invasiva e comumente gera metástase. Essa neoplasia é mais frequentemente observada no canal medular de ossos longos do esqueleto apendicular e axial. É raro que acometa primariamente sítios extraesqueléticos. O osteossarcoma primário meningeal é considerado extremamente raro em medicinas humana e veterinária. Um cão macho e sem raça definida foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário com histórico de excitação, diminuição dos reflexos neurológicos e desenvolvimento de quadro convulsivo. O agravamento do quadro clínico levou à eutanásia do animal e a um exame anatomopatológico pelo Serviço de Patologia Veterinária. O objetivo deste relato é descrever um caso de osteossarcoma extra-esquelético primário de meninge em um cão que apresentou quadro clínico compatível com doença originária do sistema nervoso central e que foi diagnosticado por meio das análises histopatológica e imunohistoquímica.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Osteossarcoma/diagnóstico , Osteossarcoma/veterinária , Meninges/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/veterinária , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Neoplasias Meníngeas/veterináriaRESUMO
The purpose of this paper is to report a case of chondroblastic osteosarcoma in the region of the maxilla, with 5 months of evolution. The term osteosarcoma refers to a heterogeneous group of malignancies with bone formation or mesenchymal tissue with histopathological evidence of osteogenic differentiation. The pattern of chondroblastic osteosarcoma represents 25% of all reported cases of this neoplasm. Its histopathological diagnosis is based on the predominance of a chondroid matrix formed in the midst of neoplastic cells. A woman patient, 27-year old, melanoderm, presented on extraoral exam with facial asymmetry caused by the a swelling in the premaxillary region with upper lip protrusion. Intraoral exam showed a maxillary tumefaction with involvement of the vestibular and palatine regions. The computerized tomography (CT) analysis exhibited a radiolucent mass with dispersed areas of radiopacity, with poorly defined and indistinct peripheral edges. The patient was subjected to incisional biopsy and histopathological examination showed the presence of a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin characterized by the presence of irregular bone trabeculae dispersed among mildly atypical chondroblastic cells. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes several variants that differ in location, clinical behavior and degree of cellular atypia. The conventional or classical osteosarcoma is the most frequent variant, which develops within the medullary bone. This report illustrates the rapid evolution of one of the histological variants of osteosarcoma.
RESUMO
El osteosarcoma es el tumor óseo primario más frecuente habiendo dos picos de incidencia, uno en torno a los 15 años (adolescentes) y otro en ancianos. Caso clínico: Paciente de 14 años con clínica de dolor en región proximal de perné. Se diagnosticó mediante estudios radiológicos y biopsia osteosarcoma localizado con infiltración de cortical y periostio y extensión hacia epífisis de peroné. Tras quimioterapia preoperatorio se realizó exéresis tumoral con márgenes de 5cm. Siguiendo criterios de Enneking (cirurgia de salvación del miembro). Completamos varios ciclos de quimioterapia postoperatoria. La paciente está libre de enfermedad a los diecisiete años. Discusión: Años atrás en el tratamiento del osteosarcoma localizado se procedía a la amputación radical por norma. Actualmente debido al avance de las técnicas quirurgicas y diagnósticas (capaces de detectar precozmente la diseminación local y a distancia del tumor) es posible efectuar otras modalidades terapéuticas que preservan el miembro hasta en terapéuticas que preservan el miembro hasta en el 90% de los pacientes. Gracias al uso de la quimioterapia la tasa de supervivencia hoy dia se aproxima al 70% en aquellos casos diagnosticados previamente a la aparición de metástasis. Actualmente en quellos casos en los cuales la enfermedad esté localizada, el tamaño tumoral sea reducido y haya una buena respuesta a la quimioterapia preoperatoria es más aconsejable optar por una cirugía de salvación del miembro haciendo una prudente resección a distancia de los márgenes de la tumoración y acompañándola de ciclos de quimioterapia combinada.
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bony tumor with two picks of incidence, one around the 15 years (adolescents) and another in old people. CLINICAL CASE: Patient of 14 years with pain clinic in proximal fibula. It was diagnosed by radiological studies and biopsy of located osteosarcoma with infiltration of cortical and periostium and extension toward fibula epiphysis. After preoperatory chemotherapy she was carried out tumoral resection with margins of 5 cm. following approaches of Enneking (surgery of salvation of the member). Several cycles of chemotherapy were completed after surgery. The patient, after seventeen years, is free of illness. DISCUSSION: Traditionally in the treatment of the located osteosarcoma you proceeded to the radical amputation for norm. At the moment due to the advances of the surgical and diagnostic techniques (able to detect precociously the local and distant dissemination of the tumor) it is possible to make other therapeutic modalities that preserve the member until in 90% of the patients. Thanks to the use of the chemotherapy the rate of survival nowadays approaches to 70% in those cases diagnosed previously to the metastasis appearance. At the moment in those cases in which the illness is located, the tumoral size is reduced and have a good answer to the preoperatroy chemotherapy, it is more advisable to opt for a surgery of salvation of the limb making a wise resection at distance of the margins of the tumor and accompanying it of cycles of combined chemotherapy.