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Given the multiple challenges that agriculture faces, collective action is a potential pathway towards more sustainable agriculture. This article aims to contribute to the literature by assessing the extent to which collective action can meet the objective of both healthy and profitable production in the French West Indies. To do so, we call on the theory of collective action and emphasise the role of formal and informal collectives in achieving the objectives of improving income and implementing agroecological practices. We use original data collected in 2022 from 409 vegetable farmers in Martinique and Guadeloupe. We consider the interdependence between farmers' economic and environmental objectives through a simultaneous equations model. We characterise the diversity of collectives according to their degree of formalisation and to the adequacy between the objectives pursued by these collectives and the individual objectives of their members. Our results show that the achievement of an individual objective is fostered by its adequacy with the objective set by the collective and also, to a certain extent, by the degree of formalisation of this collective. It appears that achieving individual objectives is based on sharing common objectives as well as having collective rules. More particularly, we find that producer organisations - collectives considered to be the most formal - best meet the objectives of improving income and adopting agroecological practices. However, in the French West Indies, the instability of such collectives and the organisational deficiencies of the sector call into question their real long-term impact. These findings contribute to a better understanding of farmers' decision-making and provide relevant policy implications for supporting agricultural collectives in managing and federating producers towards achieving a more healthy and profitable production.

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ABSTRACTIn 2019, the Doña Ana Wellness Institute (DAWI), Doña Ana County, New Mexico's health council, sponsored two trainings in structural competency by the Structural Competency Working Group. One focused on health care professionals and learners; the other focused on government, non-profit organisations, and elected officials. DAWI and New Mexico Human Services Department (HSD) representatives attended the trainings and identified the structural competency model as useful for the health equity work both groups were already engaging. These trainings provided the foundation for DAWI and HSD to develop additional trainings, programmes, and curricula founded on structural competency and focused on supporting health equity work.This article describes how DAWI and HSD used the structural competency framework to deepen our work, including how we have expanded the concept beyond its original orientation to support strategic planning, improve communication, and build structurally competent communities. We illustrate how the framework strengthened our existing community and state work and how we adapted the model to better fit our work. Adaptations included changes in language, the use of the lived experiences of organisation members as a foundation for structural competency education, and a recognition that policy work happens at multiple levels and in multiple ways for organisations.

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La gestión del conocimiento es un recurso de gran importancia para poder gestionar el conocimiento tácito de la organización y convertirlo en información valiosa que sea distribuida transaccionalmente para que esté al alcance de todos dentro de los centros de salud y por tanto estén en capacidad de responder a las exigencias del entorno y del mercado. El estudio tiene como propósito evaluar las características de la gestión de información de las organizaciones que conforman un clúster de conocimiento en los hospitales y clínicas que posee la población de Ambato Ecuador y el impacto que ejerce las TIC. La metodología adoptada para el análisis bajo un enfoque descriptivo, la técnica utilizada fue la encuesta para ello, se aplicó un instrumento de consulta a informantes clave a través de la aplicación de la escala de Likert constituido por 13 ítems que permitieron validar la información obtenida, el mismo fue aplicado a 10 usuarios del sistema de salud. Como resultado pudo lograr describir el clúster del área de salud sus características y actores, además se analizó la gestión de la información pública de dichas organizaciones con el propósito de comparar aspectos relacionados a la gestión del conocimiento en dicho clúster. Se concluye que las organizaciones públicas de salud tienen menos presencia digital y deben adoptar sistemas electrónicos idóneos para prestar un servicio acorde a las posibilidades que provee la tecnología y que responda a las percepciones de sus usuarios

Knowledge management is a resource of great importance to be able to manage the tacit knowledge of the organisation and convert it into valuable information that is distributed transactionally so that it is available to everyone within the health centres and therefore they are able to respond to the demands of the environment and the market. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the characteristics of the information management of the organisations that make up a knowledge cluster in the hospitals and clinics of the population of Ambato Ecuador and the impact of ICTs. The methodology adopted for the analysis under a descriptive approach, the technique used was the survey for this, a consultation instrument was applied to key informants through the application of the Likert scale consisting of 13 items that allowed validation of the information obtained, it was applied to 10 users of the health system. As a result, it was possible to describe the health cluster, its characteristics and actors, and the public information management of these organisations was analysed in order to compare aspects related to knowledge management in the cluster. It is concluded that public health organisations have less digital presence and must adopt suitable electronic systems to provide a service in accordance with the possibilities provided by technology and that responds to the perceptions of its users.

A gestão do conhecimento é um recurso de grande importância para poder administrar o conhecimento tácito da organização e convertê-lo em informação valiosa que é distribuída transacionalmente para que esteja disponível a todos dentro dos centros de saúde e, portanto, possam responder às exigências do meio ambiente e do mercado. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar as características da gestão da informação das organizações que compõem um cluster de conhecimento nos hospitais e clínicas da população de Ambato Equador e o impacto das TIC. A metodologia adotada para a análise sob uma abordagem descritiva, a técnica utilizada foi a pesquisa para isto, um instrumento de consulta foi aplicado aos informantes-chave através da aplicação da escala Likert composta por 13 itens que permitiram a validação das informações obtidas, ela foi aplicada a 10 usuários do sistema de saúde. Como resultado, foi possível descrever o cluster da saúde, suas características e atores, e a gestão da informação pública destas organizações foi analisada a fim de comparar aspectos relacionados à gestão do conhecimento no cluster. Conclui-se que as organizações de saúde pública têm menos presença digital e devem adotar sistemas eletrônicos adequados para prestar um serviço de acordo com as possibilidades oferecidas pela tecnologia e que responda às percepções de seus usuários.

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This paper investigates the confluence of humanitarian aid, centralisation, and politics. The 7.0 magnitude earthquake in Haiti on 12 January 2010 led to more than USD 16 billion in pledges. By contrast, Hurricane Matthew, which made landfall in Haiti on 4 October 2016, stayed in the shadows, attracting about one per cent of the amount. While the earthquake exhibited one face of centralisation, the Category 4 storm laid bare rural vulnerabilities shaped by postcolonial state neglect, and reinforced by the influx of non-governmental organisations in the 'Republic of Port-au-Prince'. The study draws on data from four case studies in two departments to illuminate the legacies of hyper-centralisation in Haiti. Compounding matters, Matthew struck in the middle of an extended election that the international community attempted to control again. The paper argues that disaster assistance and politics are uncomfortably close, while reflecting on the momentary decentralisation of aid after the hurricane and its effectiveness.

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The Dominican Republic is thought to have significant epidemics of illicit drug use but lacks surveillance and formal analyses of the policy context of drug prevention and treatment services. We conducted an institutional ethnography of 15 drug service organisations in Santo Domingo and Boca Chica, Dominican Republic, to explore barriers and resources for drug abuse prevention and treatment. Here, we present a typology of drug service organisations based on their services, methods, and approach. We then draw on interviews with representatives of drug service institutions to describe the primary barriers to drug treatment and prevention services for drug users. We conclude with a focus on the policy priorities that could improve the conditions of health care for marginalised drug users in the Dominican Republic.

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Através de fatos clínicos, estudam-se fantasias subjacentes à necessidade do suicida de destruir seu aparelho de sentir e pensar para escapar de sofrimentos insuportáveis. Abordam-se as fantasias de fusão a um objeto idealizado, de autopunição e de vingança. Fatores relacionados a essas fantasias são estudados também em situações de suicídio coletivo e em condutas autodestrutivas de várias culturas. Em seguida, articula-se a ideia de anomia com a de suicídio em grupos indígenas e com aspectos autodestrutivos em nossa sociedade. Esses fatos são aprofundados por meio do estudo de organizações defensivas narcísicas. Demonstra-se que condutas autodestrutivas na adolescência são influenciadas por defesas similares, mas que devem ser diferenciadas das configurações borderline. Finalmente propõe-se que o fanatismo, considerado também como uma fusão com o objeto idealizado, se confunde com o suicídio da condição humana.

Fantasies that underlie the suicidal need to destroy the feeling and thinking apparatus, in order to escape unbearable suffering, are studied through clinical facts. Fantasies of fusion to an idealized object, of self-punishment and revenge are addressed. Factors related to these fantasies are also studied in situations of collective suicide and self-destructive behaviors of various cultures. The idea of anomia is articulated with the study of suicide in indigenous groups and with self-destructive aspects in our society. These facts are deepened through the study of narcissistic defensive organizations. Self-destructive behavior in adolescence is shown to be influenced by similar defenses, but should be differentiated from borderline configurations. Finally it is proposed that Fanaticism, also considered as a fusion with the idealized object, is a way of suicide of the human condition.

A través de hechos clínicos, se estudian fantasías subyacentes a la necesidad del paciente suicida de destruir su aparato de sentir y pensar para escapar del sufrimiento insoportable. Se abordan las fantasías de fusión con un objeto idealizado de auto castigo y venganza. Los factores relacionados con estas fantasías también se estudian en situaciones de suicidio colectivo y comportamientos autodestructivos de diversas culturas. Enseguida se articula la idea de anomia con la de suicidio en grupos indígenas y con aspectos autodestructivos en nuestra sociedad. Estos hechos se profundizan a través del estudio de las organizaciones defensivas narcisistas. El comportamiento autodestructivo en la adolescencia se ve influenciado por defensas similares, pero debe diferenciarse de las configuraciones borderline. Finalmente, se propone que el fanatismo, también considerado como una fusión con el objeto idealizado, se confunda con el suicidio de la condición humana.

Par l'intermédiaire de faits cliniques, on étudie des fantasmes subjacents au besoin du suicide de détruire son appareil à ressentir et à penser, pour échapper à des souffrances insupportables. On aborde des fantasmes de fusion d'un objet idéalisé, d'autopunition et de vengeance. On étudie aussi des facteurs rattachés à ces fantasmes dans des situations de suicide collectif et dans de conduites autodestructives de plusieurs cultures. Ensuite, on articule l'idée d'anomie à celle de suicide chez des groupes indigènes et à des aspects autodestructifs dans notre société. Ces faits sont approfondis par l'intermédiaire de l'étude d'organisations défensives narcissiques. On démontre que des conduites autodestructives pendant l'adolescence sont influencées par des défenses similaires, mais qui doivent être distingués des configurations borderline. Finalement on propose que le fanatisme, que l'on considère aussi comme une fusion avec l'objet idéalisé, se confonde avec le suicide de la condition humaine.

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BACKGROUND: Currently, thanks to the growing number of public database resources, most evidence on planning and management, healthcare institutions, policies and practices is becoming available to everyone. However, one of the limitations for the advancement of data and literature-driven research has been the lack of flexibility of the methodological resources used in qualitative research. There is a need to incorporate friendly, cheaper and faster tools for the systematic, unbiased analysis of large data corpora, in particular regarding the qualitative aspects of the information (often overlooked). METHODS: This article proposes a series of novel techniques, exemplified by the case of the role of Institutional Committees of Bioethics to (1) massively identify the documents relevant to a given issue, (2) extract the fundamental content, focusing on qualitative analysis, (3) synthesize the findings in the published literature, (4) categorize and visualize the evidence, and (5) analyse and report the results. RESULTS: A critical study of the institutional role of public health policies and practices in Institutional Committees of Bioethics was used as an example application of the method. Interactive strategies were helpful to define and conceptualise variables, propose research questions and refine research interpretation. These methods are additional aids to systematic reviews, pre-coding schemes and construction of a priori diagrams to survey and analyse social science literature. CONCLUSIONS: These novel methods have proven to facilitate the formulation and testing of hypotheses on the subjects to be studied. Such tools may allow important advances going from descriptive approaches to decision-making and even institutional assessment and policy redesign, by pragmatic reason of time and costs.

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Diasporas and diaspora non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are increasingly important as resource lifelines to their home countries, yet the resources that they mobilise, the types of challenges that they face, and their coping mechanisms are not well explored or understood in the context of disaster recovery. To fill this knowledge gap, this study employed an inductive qualitative methodological approach, using interviews to comprehend the role played by Haitian diaspora NGOs after the catastrophic earthquake in 2010. It found that resources take four common forms: event fundraisers; financial and material donations from supporters; remittances; and volunteer labour. Challenges include an overreliance on diaspora donors, competition among NGOs, and what is perceived as inequitable funding practices towards diaspora NGOs. The findings provide insights centred on better coordination among diaspora NGOs, as well as between diaspora NGOs and other local and international NGOs and local governments and international institutions, to ensure more efficient delivery of services to survivors.

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Neste texto, aborda-se a mentira a partir do estudo de obras literárias, mitos, situações sociais e da clínica psicanalítica. Propõe-se uma classificação das mentiras utilizando o continuum narcisismo ↔ social-ismo. Discutem-se, em particular, a mentira narcísica e a mentira perversa, levantando-se hipóteses sobre sua dinâmica e suas funções nos grupos e na sociedade. Vinhetas clínicas mostram como a mentira consciente se articula com outras defesas, constituindo-se organizações narcísicas perversas, que buscam desumanizar o objeto e destruir a percepção da alteridade. As organizações defensivas protegem da desestruturação psicótica e da revivência de traumas primitivos. O sentimento de não existência é substituído por uma fachada de excitação perversa e fruição sádica. Objetos mentirosos, fraudulentos, suspeitos, não confiáveis revelam-se nas tramas encenadas no campo analítico. Conluios perversos entre os membros da dupla analítica podem não ser identificados, eventualmente ativando condutas não éticas do analista.

Based on studies of literary work, myths, social situations, and psychoanalytic practice, the author discusses lie. He proposes a classification of lies that uses the continuum of narcissism ↔ social-ism. The author writes especially about narcissistic lies and perverse lies, and he formulates hypothesis about their dynamics and functions in both groups and society. Clinical vignettes demonstrate how conscious lie relates to other defenses in order to form perverse narcissistic organizations which attempt to dehumanize the object and destroy the perception of alterity. Defensive organizations protect against psychotic disruption and against the revival of primary traumas. The feeling of not existing is replaced by a facade of perverse excitement and sadistic fruition. Objects, which are liars and fraudulent, suspicious, not reliable, show up in the storylines performed in the psychoanalytic field. A perverse collusion between the members of the analytic pair may not be identified, which may lead to an unethical behavior of the analyst.

Se discute la mentira a partir del estudio de obras literarias, mitos, situaciones sociales y de la clínica psicoanalítica. Se propone una clasificación de las mentiras utilizando el continuum narcisismo ↔ social-ismo. Se discuten, en particular, la mentira narcisista y la mentira perversa, efectuando hipótesis sobre su dinámica y funciones en los grupos y en la sociedad. Casos clínicos muestran como la mentira consciente se articula con otras defensas, constituyendo organizaciones narcisistas perversas que deshumanizan el objeto y destruyen la percepción de alteridad. Las organizaciones defensivas protegen de desestructuración psicótica y de revivir traumas primitivos. El sentimiento de inexistencia se sustituye por una fachada de excitación perversa y fruición sádica. Objetos mentirosos, fraudulentos, sospechosos, no confiables, se muestran en las tramas escenificadas en el campo analítico. Trucos perversos entre los miembros del par analítico pueden identificarse, activando eventualmente conductas no éticas del analista.

Le mensonge est analysé ayant pour base l'étude d'oeuvres littéraires, de mythes, de situations sociales et de la clinique psychanalytique. On propose une classification des mensonges en employant le continuum narcissisme ↔ social-isme. On discute, en particulier, le mensonge narcissique et le mensonge pervers, en faisant des hypothèses sur sa dynamique et ses fonctions dans les groupes et la société. Des vignettes cliniques démontrent comment le mensonge s'articule avec d'autres défenses en créant des organisations narcissiques perverses qui cherchent à déshumaniser l'objet et à détruire la perception de l'altérité. Les organisations défensives protègent de la déstructuration psychotique et de la reviviscence de traumas primitifs. Le sentiment de non-existence est remplacé par une façade d'excitation perverse et de jouissance sadique. Des objets mensongers, frauduleux, suspects, pas fiables se révèlent dans les trames mises en scène dans le champs analytique. Des complots pervers entre les membres du duo analytique peuvent ne pas être identifiés, en activant éventuellement des conduites de l'analyste qui ne sont pas éthiques.

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Although the organisation of mental health service users and ex-users in Latin America is a recent and under-researched phenomenon, global calls for their involvement in policy have penetrated national agendas, shaping definitions and expectations about their role in mental health systems. In this context, how such groups react to these expectations and define their own goals, strategies and partnerships can reveal the specificity of the "user movement" in Chile and Latin America. This study draws on Jacques Rancière's theorisation of "police order" and "politics" to understand the emergence of users' collective identity and activism, highlighting the role of practices of disengagement and rejection. It is based on interviews and participant observation with a collective of users, ex-users and professionals in Chile. The findings show how the group's aims and self-understandings evolved through hesitations and reflexive engagements with the legal system, the mental health system, and wider society. The notion of a "politics of incommensurability" is proposed to thread together a reflexive rejection of external expectations and definitions and the development of a sense of being "outside" of the intelligibility of the mental health system and its frameworks of observation and proximity. This incommensurability problematises a technical definition of users' presence and influence and the generalisation of abstract parameters of engagement, calling for approaches that address how these groups constitute themselves meaningfully in specific situations.

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El presente artículo busca aportar a la discusión sobre el Fortalecimiento Institucional de procesos asociativos rurales en Uruguay. Desde la década del '90 los gobiernos uruguayos han trabajado en fortalecer este sector de la producción a través de diversas políticas que llegan hasta la actualidad. En este sentido cabe preguntarse ¿De qué forma se busca fortalecer la institucionalidad de los procesos asociativos? Y ¿Como impacta en las organizaciones los efectos de estas políticas públicas? Para buscar dar respuesta a estas problemáticas se realizó un abordaje desde un enfoque territorial de las ruralidades y desde la Psicología de las Organizaciones y el Trabajo (POT). La invitación es, además, a realizar un recorrido por más de dos décadas de políticas de apoyo a los procesos asociativos de productores familiares y asalariados, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos macro-políticos, económicos y sociales que afectan al agro uruguayo.

This article seeks to contribute on the discussion of Institutional Strengthening of rural associative processes in Uruguay. Since the 90s, Uruguayan governments have worked to strengthen this sector of production through various policies that have reached the present day. In this sense, it is necessary to ask: How is it sought to strengthen the institutionality of associative processes? And how do the effects of these public policies impact on organizations? In order to answer these problems, an approach will be taken from a territorial focus of the ruralities and from the Psychology of Organizations and Work (POT). The invitation is also to make a journey through more than two decades of policies to support the associative processes of family producers and wage earners, taking into account the macro-political, economic and social aspects that affect Uruguayan agriculture.

Este artigo busca contribuir para a discussão sobre fortalecimento institucional dos processos associativos rurais no Uruguai. Desde 1990 os governos uruguaios trabalharam para fortalecer este setor de produção através de várias políticas que vão ter continuidade até a atualidade. Neste sentido, é necessário perguntar-se: como se busca fortalecer a institucionalidade dos processos associativos? E como estas políticas públicas afetam as organizações? Para responder a esses questões, realizou-se uma abordagem territorial das ruralidades e da Psicologia das Organizações e o Trabalho (POT). O convite também é fazer um recorrido através de mais de duas décadas de políticas orientadas a apoiar os processos associativos dos produtores familiares e assalariados, levando em consideração os aspectos macro-políticos, econômicos e sociais que afetam o agro uruguaio.

L article présente cherche apporter la discussion sur le renforcement de processus associatifs rural en Uruguay. Depuis les années 90 les gouvernements uruguayens ont travaillé pour ce secteur de la production à travers de divers politiques jusqu'à la actualité. Dans ce cas il faut se demander de De quelle façon on cherche fortifier linstutinnalité des processus associatifs? Et Comment percute dans les organisations les effets de ces politiques publiques? Pour pouvoir répondre ce problème on fera un abordage a partir d'un point de vue territorialité des ruralités et de la Psychologie des Organisations et du Travail (POT)

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Com o aumento cada vez mais evidente da população idosa no Brasil, diversas medidas para o bem-estar desta população foram estabelecidas na Política Nacional do Idoso e no Estatuto do Idoso. Dentre estas medidas, destacam-se os programas de preparação para a aposentadoria, apesar de muitas empresas desconhecerem esta obrigatoriedade. A presente pesquisa descritiva teve por objetivo investigar a percepção de 207 gestores – um por organização – sobre os Programas de Preparação para a Aposentadoria – PPA nas organizações. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (60%) com média de idade de 49 anos (26 a 76 anos). Os resultados revelaram que apenas um quarto das organizações adotava o PPA, embora a maioria considerasse sua implantação relevante. Cerca da metade dos gestores respondeu que o programa deveria ser oferecido de três a cinco anos antes da aposentadoria. Quando questionados sobre as medidas que poderiam tomar frente aos trabalhadores mais velhos, a frequência foi maior das medidas que não seriam implantadas, como: a possibilidade reduzir de status hierárquico (84%), licença extra (83%), aposentadoria parcial – meio expediente (78,5%), redução de carga horária (72%). As medidas que seriam implantadas dizem respeito à possibilidade de adequação das tarefas (52,2%), medidas ergonômicas (50,7%) e limite de idade para um trabalho impróprio ou insalubre (44,6%). Estes resultados apontam a necessidade de sensibilizar os gestores especialmente, os de Recursos Humanos quanto ao envelhecimento no contexto organizacional. (AU)

As the ageing of the Brazilian population has become more apparent, the National Policy for Aging and the Statute of the Elderly has taken a number of measures toward the well-being of this population. As part of these measures, the retirement preparation programme stands out, even though many companies do not recognize this requirement. The purpose of this research is to investigate how 207 managers – one per organization – perceive the Retirement Preparation Programme – RPP within the organization. The majority of the participants are female (60%) with an average age of 49 years (26 to 76 years). Results have shown that even though the majority considers its implementation relevant only one quarter of the organizations have adopted the RPP. Around half of the managers feel that the programme should be offered at least 3 to 5 years before retirement. When asked about the measures that could be taken with the more elderly workers, the rate was greater with the measures that would not be implemented, such as: the possibility of reducing the hierarchical status (84%), extra leave (83%) partial retirement – part-time work (78.5%), reduction in working schedule (72%). The measures to be implemented would be the possibility of adapting tasks (52.2%), ergonomic measures (50.7%) and age limit for inappropriate or hazardous work (44.6%). These results have shown the need to make managers more aware of ageing within the organisational context especially those from the Human Resources. (AU)

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A Analisar o trabalho no contexto do final de século XX e início do século XXI é pensar em multiplicidade, multicausalidade e transversalidade. Trata-se de um fenômeno complexo, cada vez mais multifacetado e heterogêneo, e compreendê-lo pressupõe fazer escolhas e problematizar questões centrais que possam avançar na construção do conhecimento na área. A análise da estrutura das chamadas "organizações estratégicas" e das relações que são estabelecidas nesse campo é central para nossa discussão, já que esse modelo estratégico de administração é uma das principais ferramentas do capitalismo monopolista-financeiro. As organizações estratégicas desenvolvem métodos políticos de administração à distância (gestão afetiva de captura psíquica), difundem uma ideologia, uma religião da empresa e, desse modo, conseguem uma adesão fiel de seus membros, através da influência sobre estruturas inconscientes da personalidade destes. A análise das relações estabelecidas nos jogos, em especial, nos jogos de azar - os modos de vida desenvolvidos neles e por eles -, como também de seus respectivos mal-estares, torna-se promissora, caso vislumbrados à lente analítica das políticas de gestão das organizações estratégicas, uma vez que ambos revelam-se como fenômenos sociais com processos de subjetivação característicos que permitem uma leitura das feições psíquicas, políticas, éticas e também antropológicas que compõe nossa sociedade. O referencial teórico norteador do estudo foi a psicossociologia.

Analyzing the work in the context of the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century represents the idea about multiplicity, multiple causality and transversality. It is a complex phenomenon, increasingly multifaceted and heterogeneous. To understand that, requires making choices and asking central issues that can advance in construction of knowledge in the area. The structural analysis of the "strategic organizations" and the relationships that are established in this field, is central to our discussion, considering that this model of strategic management is one of the main tools of monopoly-finance capitalism. The strategical organizations develops political methods of administration in distance (emotional management of psychic capturation), extends an ideology, a religion of the company and thus get a faithful adherence of its members, through the influence of these unconscious structures of personality. The analysis of relations established in the games, especially in gambling - the ways of life developed in and through it - as well as their malaises becomes promising if glimpsed the analytical lens of political management of the strategic organizations, since both show as social phenomena with subjective processes that allow a reading of psychic, political, ethical, features and also anthropological that makes up our society. The theoretical framework of the study was the psycho sociology.

Analizar el trabajo en el contexto de fines del siglo XX y comienzos del siglo XXI es pensar en la multiplicidad, la multicausalidad y la transversalidad. Se trata de un fenómeno complejo, cada vez más multifacético y heterogéneo, y compreenderlo presupone hacer elecciones y problematizar cuestiones centrales que puedan avanzar hacia la construcción del conocimiento en esta área. El análisis de la estructura de las denominadas "organizaciones estratégicas" y de las relaciones que se establecen en ese campo es fundamental para nuestra discusión ya que ese modelo estratégico de administración constituye una de las principales herramientas del capitalismo monopolista - financiero. Las organizaciones estratégicas desarrollan métodos políticos de administración a distancia (gestión afectiva de captura psíquica), difunden una ideología, una religión de la empresa y, de ese modo, logran una adhesión fiel de sus miembros mediante la influencia de estructuras inconscientes de la personalidad de los mismos. El análisis de las relaciones establecidas en los juegos, particularmente en los juegos de azar, los modos de vida desarrollados en los mismos y por los mismos, así como también sus respectivos malestares se volvieron promisorios cuando se vislumbraron bajo la lente analítico de las políticas de gestión de las organizaciones estratégicas dado que ambos se revelaron fenómenos sociales en procesos de subjetivación característicos que permiten una lectura de los trazos psíquicos, políticos, éticos y también antropológicos que componen nuestra sociedad. El referencial teórico tomado como guía para el estudio fue la psicosociología.

Analyser le travail dans le contexte de la fin du Xxe siècle et le début du XXIe siècle signifie penser à la multiplicité, la multicausalité, la transversalité. Ils'agit d'un phénomène complexe, de plus en plus multiforme et hétérogène, et le comprendre présuppose faire des choix et discuter des questions clés qui puissent faire avancer la construction des connaissances dans le domaine. L'analyse de la structure des dites «organisations stratégiques¼ et des relations qui y sont établies est au cœur de notre discussion, puisque ce modèle de gestión stratégique est l'un des principaux instruments du capitalisme monopoliste financier. Les organisations stratégiques développent des méthodes politiques d'administration à distance (gestión affective de capture psychique), diffusent une idéologie, une religion de l'entreprise, et ainsi obtiennent une adhésion fidèle de ses membres, grâce à l'influence sur des structures inconscientes de la personnalité de ces derniers. L'analyse des relations établies dans les jeux, en particulier dans les jeux de hasard - les modes de vie développés en eux et par eux - ainsi que leurs respectifs malaises s'annonce prometteuse dans le cas où ils sont entrevus dans l'optique analytique des politiques de gestion des organisations stratégiques, puisque les deux se révèlent comme des phénomènes sociaux avec des processus subjectifs qui permettent une lecture des configurations psychiques, politiques, éthiques et aussi anthropologiques qui compose notre société. Le cadre théorique qui guide l'étude a été la psychosociologie.

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Com o aumento cada vez mais evidente da população idosa no Brasil, diversas medidas para o bem-estar desta população foram estabelecidas na Política Nacional do Idoso e no Estatuto do Idoso. Dentre estas medidas, destacam-se os programas de preparação para a aposentadoria, apesar de muitas empresas desconhecerem esta obrigatoriedade. A presente pesquisa descritiva teve por objetivo investigar a percepção de 207 gestores – um por organização – sobre os Programas de Preparação para a Aposentadoria – PPA nas organizações. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (60%) com média de idade de 49 anos (26 a 76 anos). Os resultados revelaram que apenas um quarto das organizações adotava o PPA, embora a maioria considerasse sua implantação relevante. Cerca da metade dos gestores respondeu que o programa deveria ser oferecido de três a cinco anos antes da aposentadoria. Quando questionados sobre as medidas que poderiam tomar frente aos trabalhadores mais velhos, a frequência foi maior das medidas que não seriam implantadas, como: a possibilidade reduzir de status hierárquico (84%), licença extra (83%), aposentadoria parcial – meio expediente (78,5%), redução de carga horária (72%). As medidas que seriam implantadas dizem respeito à possibilidade de adequação das tarefas (52,2%), medidas ergonômicas (50,7%) e limite de idade para um trabalho impróprio ou insalubre (44,6%). Estes resultados apontam a necessidade de sensibilizar os gestores especialmente, os de Recursos Humanos quanto ao envelhecimento no contexto organizacional.

As the ageing of the Brazilian population has become more apparent, the National Policy for Aging and the Statute of the Elderly has taken a number of measures toward the well-being of this population. As part of these measures, the retirement preparation programme stands out, even though many companies do not recognize this requirement. The purpose of this research is to investigate how 207 managers – one per organization – perceive the Retirement Preparation Programme – RPP within the organization. The majority of the participants are female (60%) with an average age of 49 years (26 to 76 years). Results have shown that even though the majority considers its implementation relevant only one quarter of the organizations have adopted the RPP. Around half of the managers feel that the programme should be offered at least 3 to 5 years before retirement. When asked about the measures that could be taken with the more elderly workers, the rate was greater with the measures that would not be implemented, such as: the possibility of reducing the hierarchical status (84%), extra leave (83%) partial retirement – part-time work (78.5%), reduction in working schedule (72%). The measures to be implemented would be the possibility of adapting tasks (52.2%), ergonomic measures (50.7%) and age limit for inappropriate or hazardous work (44.6%). These results have shown the need to make managers more aware of ageing within the organisational context especially those from the Human Resources.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em descrever e analisar quais são os mecanismos de que as organizações empresariais contemporâneas se valem para moldar as subjetividades de pessoas homossexuais mediante o método genealógico especialmente desenvolvido por Rohm (2003) e explicitar as relações de poder subjacentes a tais discursos. Para tanto, este estudo é referendado nos principais conceitos de filósofos pósestruturalistas tais como Michel Foucault e Félix Guattari. Encontrou-se, como reflexos dos discursos homofóbicos relatados pelos sujeitos da pesquisa nas empresas, diversas formas de lidarem com tal discriminação, tais como a negação e o medo de se assumirem homossexuais, a busca por instrumentalização de competências técnicas, e mesmo a demissão voluntária.(AU)

The objective of this research is to describe and analyze which are the mechanisms that contemporary business organizations employ to shape the subjectivities of homosexual subjects from the perspective of the genealogical method which has been specifically developed by Rohm (2003). This study is endorsed by some post-structuralist concepts from philosophers such as Michel Foucault and Félix Guattari. As reflections due to some homophobic discourses within companies, one has found subjects reporting various ways of coping with such discrimination, such as self-denial, fear of coming out, a search for instrumentalisation of technical expertises and even resigning.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio es describir y analizar cuáles son los mecanismos que las organizaciones empresariales actuales se basan para dar forma a las subjetividades de las personas homosexuales a través del método genealógico específicamente desarrollado por Rohm (2003) y explicar las relaciones de poder que subyacen a tales discursos. Por lo tanto, este estudio se apoyó en conceptos posestructuralistas de los filósofos como Michel Foucault y Félix Guattari. Como reflejos de los discursos homófobos, informes de diversas formas de lidiar con ese tipo de discriminación fueran encontradas: la negación y el miedo a salir del armario, la búsqueda de la explotación de los conocimientos técnicos, y mismo la rescisión voluntaria.(AU)

L'objectif de cette recherche est de décrire et d'analyser quels sont les mécanismes que les organisations d'affaires contemporains comptent pour façonner les subjectivités des homosexuels par la méthode généalogique spécialement développé par Rohm (2003 ) et les relations de pouvoir explicites sous-tendent de tels discours . Par conséquent , cette étude est approuvé dans les concepts clés de philosophes post-structuralistes comme Michel Foucault et Félix Guattari. Il a été constaté, comme des reflets de discours homophobes signalés par les sujets de recherche dans les entreprises, diverses formes de traiter avec une telle discrimination, comme déni et la peur de prendre des homosexuels, la recherche pour l'exploitation de compétences techniques, et même la démission.(AU)

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O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em descrever e analisar quais são os mecanismos de que as organizações empresariais contemporâneas se valem para moldar as subjetividades de pessoas homossexuais mediante o método genealógico especialmente desenvolvido por Rohm (2003) e explicitar as relações de poder subjacentes a tais discursos. Para tanto, este estudo é referendado nos principais conceitos de filósofos pósestruturalistas tais como Michel Foucault e Félix Guattari. Encontrou-se, como reflexos dos discursos homofóbicos relatados pelos sujeitos da pesquisa nas empresas, diversas formas de lidarem com tal discriminação, tais como a negação e o medo de se assumirem homossexuais, a busca por instrumentalização de competências técnicas, e mesmo a demissão voluntária...

The objective of this research is to describe and analyze which are the mechanisms that contemporary business organizations employ to shape the subjectivities of homosexual subjects from the perspective of the genealogical method which has been specifically developed by Rohm (2003). This study is endorsed by some post-structuralist concepts from philosophers such as Michel Foucault and Félix Guattari. As reflections due to some homophobic discourses within companies, one has found subjects reporting various ways of coping with such discrimination, such as self-denial, fear of coming out, a search for instrumentalisation of technical expertises and even resigning...

El objetivo de este estudio es describir y analizar cuáles son los mecanismos que las organizaciones empresariales actuales se basan para dar forma a las subjetividades de las personas homosexuales a través del método genealógico específicamente desarrollado por Rohm (2003) y explicar las relaciones de poder que subyacen a tales discursos. Por lo tanto, este estudio se apoyó en conceptos posestructuralistas de los filósofos como Michel Foucault y Félix Guattari. Como reflejos de los discursos homófobos, informes de diversas formas de lidiar con ese tipo de discriminación fueran encontradas: la negación y el miedo a salir del armario, la búsqueda de la explotación de los conocimientos técnicos, y mismo la rescisión voluntaria...

L'objectif de cette recherche est de décrire et d'analyser quels sont les mécanismes que les organisations d'affaires contemporains comptent pour façonner les subjectivités des homosexuels par la méthode généalogique spécialement développé par Rohm (2003 ) et les relations de pouvoir explicites sous-tendent de tels discours . Par conséquent , cette étude est approuvé dans les concepts clés de philosophes post-structuralistes comme Michel Foucault et Félix Guattari. Il a été constaté, comme des reflets de discours homophobes signalés par les sujets de recherche dans les entreprises, diverses formes de traiter avec une telle discrimination, comme déni et la peur de prendre des homosexuels, la recherche pour l'exploitation de compétences techniques, et même la démission...

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Despite the enormous infusion of post-quake aid to Haiti, cholera had killed more than 8,000 people by January 2013. Based on two mixed-method studies of a random sample of 108 internally displaced person (IDP) camps and 168 interviews with agency representatives and recipients, this article examines the prevalence of factors that have proven most relevant to the rapid spread of cholera, particularly the provision of water and sanitation services in IDP camps. The study reveals that 30% of IDP camps had no toilets and 40% had no access to water before the outbreak, with only minimal progress after three months. Using bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses, this article explores patterns in the gaps of services with a range of variables such as NGO camp management, municipality and land-owners. It offers several theoretical and policy explanations for low level of services, concluding with a series of recommendations for better coordination and management.

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This article compares the public images of Colombian and Venezuelan immigrant organisations in the United States. Immigrant organisations' webpages and the expression of their main aims and goals serve to identify their major concerns as they create public images not only for the organisation but for the immigrant community itself. To interpret the immigrant organisations' public images and their goals, we offer a multilevel study that considers immigrants' contexts of exit, which are related to the motivation of migrate and the particular sociodemographic makeup of immigrant groups. This paper adds the Venezuelan immigrant experience to the literature on immigrant organisations.

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El objetivo de este estudio es realizar un análisis del estilo de liderazgo organizacional en líderes brasileños comparándolos con el estilo del liderazgo organizacional en líderes españoles. Este trabajo se inscribe dentro de un proyecto más amplio de investigación, el proyecto GLOBE (Global leadership and organizational behave effectiveness). Para este trabajo, se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y correlacional en 40 empresas brasileñas y 40 empresas españolas, contando con la participación de 88 líderes de Brasil, y 83 líderes en España. Participaron líderes directivos Primer nível (20%), y equipos Subordinados directos miembros del equipo directivo (80%).Los resultados presentan diferencias entre los líderes brasileños y españoles en las dimensiones del liderazgo: autoritarismo, relaciones y anticipación del cambio. Por otra parte, se encuentra una relación negativa entre las subescalas autoritarismo y habilidad socialO una relación positiva entre autoritarismo y relación, y una relación también positiva entre relaciones y habilidad social. Para terminar, se discuten las limitaciones, así como las implicaciones prácticas y teóricas del presente estudio.

The objective of this study is to perform an analysis of the organizational leadership style in Brazilian leaders comparing them with the style of organizational leadership in Spanish leaders. This work is part of a larger research project, the GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness) project. For this work, a transversal and correlational study was carried out in 40 Brazilian companies and 40 Spanish companies, with the participation of 88 leaders from Brazil and 83 leaders in Spain. Leadership leaders First level (20%) and Direct Subordinate teams members of the management team participated (80%) The results show differences between Brazilian and Spanish leaders in the dimensions of leadership: authoritarianism, relationships and anticipation of change. On the other hand, there is a negative relationship between the subscales authoritarianism and social ability or a positive relationship between authoritarianism and relationship, and a positive relationship between relationships and social skills. Finally, limitations are discussed, as well as the practical and theoretical implications of this study.

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