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The gall-host Eugenia uniflora (Myrtaceae) is adaptable to different light conditions, enabling leaf production and survival in both sun and shade. Leaves of E. uniflora in shaded environments have more mesophyll layers, and galls of Clinodiplosis profusa (Cecidomyiidae) are larger and wider. Based on these previous observations, this study investigated the morphogenesis of galls induced by C. profusa on leaves of E. uniflora in different light conditions, revealing if the galls have a potential for acclimation, as observed with leaves. For this purpose, we compared the anatomical, histometric, and histochemical development of leaves and galls at different stages of development in sun and shade environments. Additionally, we analyzed the cytological features of the tissues composing the mature gall walls. Cells of shade galls expanded more toward the end of the developmental phase, which may explain the larger volume found for shade galls in a previous study. However, during the mature phase, these galls showed no significant differences in tissue thickness and final cell elongation in the contrasting light conditions. In the ultrastructural analyses, mature galls showed a gradient distinguishing the outer and inner parenchyma cells. The inner parenchyma had nutritive cells, with dense cytoplasm and abundant organelles. A higher accumulation of starch grains in nutritive cells, with evidence of hydrolysis of starch grains detected in the innermost layers leads to the accumulation of reducing sugars, which, with the presence of plastoglobules and protein bodies, are important mechanisms of oxidative stress dissipation in the cells in contact with the gall inducer.
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Maternal obesity predisposes offspring to obesity in adulthood. Since the perinatal period is a critical window for adipose organogenesis, we evaluated if maternal obesity affects the perinatal offspring adipogenesis. Female mice were fed a standard diet (eutrophic dam, ED) or a high-fat diet supplemented with condensed milk (obese dam, OD) for 6 weeks before mating, and the diets were maintained until the end of the protocol. Inguinal adipose tissue of offspring at gestational day 16.5 (E16.5), postnatal day 0 (P0), and P2 was collected to analyze morphological and molecular features. In OD offspring, the number of preadipocytes increased at E16.5 and P0 compared to ED offspring. The cell cycle-related elements Ccnd1 and Ki67 were also upregulated in these groups. In parallel, lipid accumulation started at E16.5 in OD offspring, while ED offspring preadipocytes only accumulated lipids after P0. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) levels and activity were decreased in OD offspring due to impaired nuclear migration. Increased Hdac1 expression, which negatively regulates PPAR-responsive elements in the genome, was also detected. At P2, OD adipocytes presented abnormal features, including a clustered distribution and decreased expression of PPARγ target genes and Adbr3 and Slc2a4, which are highly expressed in mature functional adipocytes. The abnormal adipose tissue is one of the major factors promoting metabolic abnormalities in adulthood. This study demonstrates for the first time the morphological and molecular alterations induced by maternal obesity in vivo in the perinatal adipogenesis in murine inguinal adipose tissue.
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Adipogenia , Obesidade Materna , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Gravidez , Células 3T3-L1 , Adipogenia/genética , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade Materna/metabolismo , PPAR gama/genética , PPAR gama/metabolismoRESUMO
Different species of Cyclocephala scarab beetles (Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae) perform key functional roles in both natural and agricultural systems, such as the cycling of organic matter and pollination, while also being known as destructive pests both as immatures and adults. Therefore, the identification of biological parameters is crucial for defining strategies for their conservation and efficient pest management. In a forest fragment within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot, we field-captured adult individuals of Cyclocephala cearae, C. celata, and C. paraguayensis then reared and bred them under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. On a daily basis, we individually weighted eggs of all three species, from oviposition until hatching, and monitored egg development parameters (i.e., incubation duration, viability, and egg weight increase). Our findings provide novel empirical evidence showing (i) a positive correlation between egg weight and incubation duration, (ii) idiosyncratic characteristics on egg development, and (iii) a negative (involuntary) effect of manipulation on egg development and viability. Thus, the successful breeding and rearing of Cyclocephala spp. is correlated with egg integrity and the targeted species. Our analyses present a quantitative understanding of the egg phase and can assist in refining strategies for ovicidal activity and pest management of Cyclocephala spp. in agriculture systems. Moreover, they can provide a basis for new studies related to captivity breeding, pollinator management, and developmental biology for biodiversity conservation.
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Besouros , Animais , Feminino , Brasil , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Florestas , Polinização , Zigoto/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cruzamento , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo , UmidadeRESUMO
Palm fruits show great structural complexity, and in-depth studies of their development are still scarce. This work aimed to define the developmental stages of the fruit of the neotropical palm Butia capitata and to characterize the ontogenesis of its pericarp. Biometric, anatomical, and histochemical evaluations were performed on pistillate flowers and developing fruits. The whole fruit develops in three phases: (I) histogenesis (up to 42 days after anthesis - DAA), when the topographic regions of the pericarp are defined; (II) pyrene maturation (42 to 70 DAA), when the sclerified zone of the pericarp is established; and (III) mesocarp maturation (70 to 84 DAA), when reserve deposition is completed. During pericarp ontogenesis (i) the outer epidermis and the outer mesophyll of the ovary give origin to the exocarp (secretory epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, sclerenchyma, and vascular bundles); (ii) the median ovarian mesophyll develops into the mesocarp, with two distinct topographical regions; (iii) the inner ovarian epidermis originates the endocarp; and in the micropylar region, it differentiates into the germination pore plate, a structure that protects the embryo and controls germination. (iv) Most of the inner region of the mesocarp fuses with the endocarp and, both lignified, give rise to the stony pyrene; (v) in the other regions of the mesocarp, carbohydrates and lipids are accumulated in a parenchyma permeated with fiber and vascular bundles. The development of the B. capitata pericarp presents high complexity and a pattern not yet reported for Arecaceae, which supports the adoption of the Butia-type pyrenarium fruit class.
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Arecaceae , Carboidratos , Frutas , Lipídeos , Pirenos , SementesRESUMO
PREMISE: Gall-inducing organisms change the development of their host plant organs, resulting in ontogenetic patterns not observed in the non-galled plants. Distinct taxa induce galls on Schinus spp., manipulating meristematic patterns in the host plant in distinct ways. Here we report ontogenetic novelties induced in the lateral buds of S. engleri by Eucecidoses minutanus, a Cecidosidae, whose galls have been poorly understood. METHODS: The anatomy, histochemistry, and histometry of galls in distinct phases of development, non-galled buds, and stems of Schinus engleri were analyzed in parallel with the instars of E. minutanus to detail the morphogenetic changes in the host with each larval stage. RESULTS: Ontogenetic phases of the galls were intricately associated with larval development. First and second-instar larvae induced pericycle and pith cells to dedifferentiate into the gall inner meristem, where hyperplasia and cell hypertrophy characterized the growth and development phase of the gall. The innermost layers were lipid-rich nutritive cells that lined the larval chamber. Additional vascular bundle rows were produced in young galls. Third and fourth instar-larvae were associated with the gall maturation phase: centripetal lignification of the outer parenchyma cell layers, epidermal stratification, and activation of a cambium-like meristem (CLM). The CLM activity resulted in new layers of nutritive cells that differentiated inward as the first layers of nutritive cells were consumed by E. minutanus larvae, and, also, in more parenchyma cell layers that formed outward. All tissues between the innermost layer of nutritive tissue that surround the gall chamber and the outermost layer of the dermal system that externally covers the gall form the gall wall, and increased in thickness until the end of gall maturation. CONCLUSIONS: E. minutanus induces a structurally complex globoid stem gall, modifying all host plant tissues and stimulating a novel meristematic pattern in S. engleri. The gall developmental stages are each related to specific gall-inducing instars, as gall development progresses according to the development of E. minutanus.
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Anacardiaceae , Animais , Larva , Meristema , PlantasRESUMO
The secretory structures of Alismataceae have been described as secretory ducts, laticifer ducts, laticifer canals or schizogenous ducts. However, these terms are not found in the specialized literature, and ontogenetic analyses for the exact classification of these structures are missing. Accordingly, more studies regarding the secretory structures of Alismataceae are necessary to establish homology in the family or in the order. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the anatomy, ontogeny, distribution in the organs and exudate composition of the secretory structures present in five Alismataceae species in order to determine whether the family has laticifers or secretory ducts. Samples of leaves, flowers and floral apices were processed for anatomical and histochemical analyses by light microscopy. The analysis indicated the presence of anastomosing secretory ducts in all species, occurring in both leaves and flowers. The exudate contains lipids, alkaloids, proteins and polysaccharides, including mucilage. The secretory duct structure, distribution and exudate composition suggest a defense role against herbivory and in wound sealing. The presence of secretory ducts in all species analyzed indicates a probable synapomorphy for the family.
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La osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) es un grupo de trastornos del tejido conectivo que genera anomalías esqueléticas caracterizadas por fragilidad y deformidades óseas. Las características genéticas son variables y se han descrito nuevos subgrupos los últimos años agregando información a las clasificaciones tradicionales. Su incidencia es de 1/10.000 a 20.000 RN vivos. Existe un amplio espectro de manifestaciones clínicas, que van desde una leve fragilidad ósea, en niños asintomáticos, hasta versiones que son letales al momento de nacer. El diagnóstico es principalmente clínico y debe diferenciarse de otras anomalías del esqueleto que producen fragilidad y de lesiones por maltrato infantil. El tratamiento es multidisciplinario y está orientado a mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Para lo que se debe mejorar la densidad ósea, a través de medicamentos, buena musculatura y cargas fisiológicas. Las fracturas se tratan con períodos cortos de inmovilización y carga precoz, o con cirugías que limiten el tiempo de inmovilización. Por otro lado, las deformidades esqueléticas deben tratarse en forma quirúrgica utilizando osteosíntesis que sean extensibles y mantengan la corrección a medida que el niño crece. El manejo coordinado de los distintos profesionales involucrados es de gran importancia para lograr los mejores resultados en esta enfermedad crónica que involucra al niño y todo su entorno
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a group of connective tissue disorders involved in skeletal abnormalities characterized by bone fragility and deformities. Genetic abnormalities are variable and new subgroups have been described recently, adding information to traditional classifications. There is a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild bone fragility, in otherwise asymptomatic children, to versions that are lethal at birth. Its incidence is 1/10.000-20.000 newborns. The diagnosis is mainly clinical and must be distinguished from other skeletal abnormalities and child abuse. The treatment is multidisciplinary, and it is aimed to improve the quality of life of patients. For which the bone density must be improved, through medications, strong musculature, and physiological loads. Fractures are treated by immobilizing for short periods, trying to load at soon as possible, or by surgeries that limit immobilization time. On the other hand, skeletal deformities should be treated surgically using dynamic rods that are extensible and maintain correction as the child grows. The coordinated management of the different professionals involved is of the utmost importance to achieve the best results in this chronic disease that involves the child and his entire environment
Assuntos
Humanos , Osteogênese Imperfeita/diagnóstico , Osteogênese Imperfeita/etiologia , Osteogênese Imperfeita/terapia , Osteogênese Imperfeita/classificação , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMO
PREMISE: Plant mucilages are composed of strongly hydrophilic polysaccharides and contribute to seed germination and seedling establishment. The myxospermic seeds of Magonia pubescens, a Cerrado (neotropical savanna) tree species, produces a voluminous mucilage capsule when hydrated. The development of the mucilaginous layer, the process of mucilage secretion and its role in seed germination was not previously studied so far. METHODS: Morphological, anatomical, histochemical, and ultrastructural evaluations of the seed coat during seed development were undertaken. The formation of the mucilage capsule was followed using scanning electron microscopy, and the coat's effects on seed hydration and germination were evaluated after experimental manipulation of the seed coat. RESULTS: The mucilaginous layer is contained in the outer coat of the seed. The mucilage-secreting cells accumulate proteins in the outer periclinal region and acidic polysaccharides in the inner periclinal region of the periplasmic space. Neutral polysaccharides, which form the loosely organized secondary wall, form a folding, basket-like structure surrounding the acidic polysaccharides. The protoplast collapses at maturity. With hydration, the mucilage expands, breaks the epidermal layer, and forms a mucilage capsule around the seed. The mucilaginous seed coat does not increase the germination rate. CONCLUSIONS: Upon mucilage hydration, the secondary cell walls forming the network of neutral polysaccharides are released, along with proteins, and help retain the acidic polysaccharides-forming a peculiar architecture that imparts integrity and consistency to the mucilage capsule. As winged seeds are not usually buried, the mucilage capsule favors seedling hydration, contributing to its establishment on the soil surface.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Mucilagem Vegetal , Parede Celular , Germinação , Polissacarídeos , SementesRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to perform comparative histological analyses of the ontogenetic development of two fish species endemic to the São Francisco River in Brazil: Prochilodus argenteus and Lophiosilurus alexandri. Histological analyses were performed every 24 h from the moment of hatching until 14 days post-hatching (dph) for the observation of larval development and until 39 dph for the observation of gonadal development. Whole larvae were fixed in Bouin's solution and the histological slides were stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae had a larger body size compared with P. argenteus larvae since hatching. Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae had mouth opening and pigmentation of the eyes upon hatching, whereas these events were observed at 1 dph in P. argenteus larvae. The visualisation and the inflation of the swim bladder occurred at 1 and 3 dph, respectively, in the P. argenteus, whereas these events occurred at 2 and 8 dph, respectively, in L. alexandri. Yolk granules were absorbed at 4 dph in P. argenteus and the 10 dph in L. alexandri. At 7 dph, the digestive tube was more differentiated in L. alexandri than P. argenteus and at 14 dph, the digestive system of both species had features of their eating habits: broad stomach and short intestine in L. alexandri, typical of carnivorous habits; stomach with a mechanical function and long intestine in P. argenteus, typical of detritivorous habits. The epithelial lining tissue, formed by a single layer of cells in the newly hatched larvae (0 dph), differentiated throughout the study, exhibiting scales in P. argenteus and numerous club cells in the middle epithelial region of L. alexandri at 39 dph. Undifferentiated gonads with somatic cells and primordial germ cells were observed at 39 dph, with caudal-cranial migration since 1 dph in both species. The anatomic changes during the ontogeny of P. argenteus and L. alexandri larvae are directly associated with the evolutionary history of each species, which explains their feeding habits, behaviour and distribution in the environment: Prochilodus argenteus is detritivorous and actively swims in the water column, whereas L. alexandri is carnivorous and inhabits bottom regions. At 39 dph neither species exhibited sexual differentiation.
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Peixes-Gato/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Caraciformes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Evolução Biológica , Brasil , Peixes-Gato/genética , Caraciformes/genética , Larva/genética , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , RiosRESUMO
RESUMEN El artículo expone los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan el tratamiento en la formación inicial del maestro logopeda, de una temática necesaria para este especialista, la comunicación extraverbal kinésica, pero insuficientemente abordada en los planes de estudio. Es resultado de la tesis doctoral de la primera autora y responde al proyecto de investigación La atención logopédica integral a la primera infancia, que se ejecuta durante el período 2019 - 2021 en el departamento Educación Especial de la Universidad de Camagüey. Para la construcción de los fundamentos referidos se emplearon métodos de investigación empíricos y teóricos. Mediante la revisión documental, se realiza un examen crítico acerca de la comunicación extraverbal kinésica y su valor para la atención logopédica.
ABSTRACT The article exposes the theoretical foundations that support the treatment in the initial training of the speech therapist teacher, of a theme necessary for this specialist, kinesic extraverbal communication, but insufficiently addressed in the study plans. It is the result of the first author's doctoral thesis and responds to the research project Comprehensive speech therapy for early childhood, which is carried out during the period 2019-2021 in the Department of Special Education of the University of Camagüey. Empirical and theoretical research methods were used to build the mentioned foundations. Through the documentary review, a critical examination is made about extraverbal kinesic communication and its value for speech therapy care.
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Através de três fatos clínicos psicanalíticos, propõe-se a conjunção constante da mente suicida. O autor utiliza-se de pesquisa da gestação e do perinatal, em que estuda as condições da instalação da reverie de vida e do destino da pulsão de morte pela reverie de morte.
Through three psychoanalytical clinical facts, the constant conjunction of the suicidal mind is proposed. The author uses pregnancy and perinatal research where conditions for the installation of life reverie and the fate of death drive through death reverie are studied.
A través de tres eventos clínicos psicoanalíticos se propone la conjunción constante de la mente suicida. El autor utiliza la investigación de la gestación y del perinatal donde estudia las condiciones de la instalación de la reverie de vida y del destino de la pulsión de muerte por la reverie de muerte.
On propose la conjonction constante de l'esprit suicidaire par l'intermédiaire de trois faits cliniques psychanalytiques. L'auteur se sert de recherches sur la grossesse et la périnatalité au moyen desquelles il étudie les conditions d'installation de la rêverie de vie et le sort de la pulsion de mort par la rêverie de mort.
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Resumo Atravessando as principais teorias e sistemas da psicologia onde o problema da percepção é abordado, não se verifica uma dedicação profunda aos processos por meio dos quais os fenômenos perceptivos são constituídos. Predomina aí o pressuposto da percepção e do objeto percebido como elementos "dados" ontologicamente, ou seja, já constituídos previamente à experiência perceptiva. Na contramão desta abordagem ontológica, buscaremos compreender os processos ontogenéticos através dos quais os fenômenos perceptivos são criados, estruturam-se e modificam-se. Para isso, abordaremos a percepção a partir de uma perspectiva transdisciplinar onde ressoam elementos da biologia, etologia, filosofia e artes. No centro dessa investigação, o corpo emerge como sede dos processos cognitivos e foco das intervenções clínicas, como meio de constituição e transformação da subjetividade.(AU)
Abstract Crossing the main theories and systems of psychology where the problem of perception is discussed, there is not a deep commitment to the processes by which the perceptual phenomena are constituted. There prevails the assumption of perception and perceived object as ontologically "given" elements, i.e., constituted previously to the perceptual experience. Against this ontological approach, we seek to understand the ontogenetic processes through which the perceptual phenomena are created, structured and modified. In order to do so, we will address the perception from a transdisciplinary perspective which resounds elements of biology, ethology, philosophy and arts. In the center of this investigation, the body emerges as source of cognitive processes and focus of clinical interventions as a means of formation and transformation of subjectivity.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Corpo Humano , PercepçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The underground saxophone stem systems produced by seedlings of certain palm species show peculiar growth patterns and distinctive morphologies, although little information is available concerning their development and function. We studied the ontogenesis of the saxophone stem in Acrocomia aculeata, an important neotropical oleaginous palm, and sought to experimentally define its function. METHODS: Morpho-anatomical evaluations were performed during 240 d on seedlings using traditional methodologies. The tuberous region of the structure was submitted to histochemical tests and evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. The aerial portions of 130 1- to 3-year-old greenhouse plants were removed and their continuous growth capacity was evaluated after 30 d. Severed saxophone stems were also stored at room temperature (average 25 °C) for up to 90 d and then cultured for 60 d to evaluate root and shoot emission. KEY RESULTS: The development of the saxophone stem is distinct from other underground systems previously described, and involves three processes: growth and curvature of the cotyledonary petiole, expansion and curvature of the hypocotyl, and expansion of the plumule internodes. The tuberous region stores water and starch, as well as lesser amounts of mucilage and oil. Growth of the aerial portion occurred in 84 % of the separated saxophone stems and in 53 % of the stems held in storage. CONCLUSIONS: The saxophone stem represents an important adaptation of A. aculeata to anthropogenically impacted and/or dry environments by promoting the burial of both the shoot meristem and storage reserves, which allows the continuous growth of aerial organs.
Assuntos
Arecaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Caules de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arecaceae/anatomia & histologia , Arecaceae/fisiologia , Hipocótilo/anatomia & histologia , Hipocótilo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hipocótilo/fisiologia , Caules de Planta/anatomia & histologia , Caules de Planta/fisiologia , Tubérculos/anatomia & histologia , Tubérculos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Tubérculos/fisiologia , Plântula/anatomia & histologia , Plântula/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plântula/fisiologiaRESUMO
In marmosets, a phase advance was observed in activity onset in pubertal animals living in captivity under semi-natural conditions which had stronger correlation with the times of sunrise over the course of the year than the age of the animal. In order to evaluate the effect of puberty on the circadian activity rhythm in male and female marmosets living in family groups in controlled lighting conditions, the activity of 5 dyads of twins (4 â/â and 1 â/â) and their respective parents was continuously monitored by actiwatches between the 4th and 12th months of age. The families were kept under LD 12:12 h with constant humidity and temperature. The onset of puberty was identified by monitoring fecal steroids. Juveniles showed higher totals of daily activity and differences in the daily distribution of activity in relation to parents, in which the bimodal profile was characterized by higher levels in evening activity in relation to morning activity. Regarding the phase, the activity onset and offset, occurred later in relation to parents. After entering puberty, the activity onset and offset occurred later and there was an increase in total daily activity. On the other hand, when assessing the effect of sex, only females showed a delay in the activity offset and an increase in total daily activity. Therefore, the circadian activity rhythm in marmosets has peculiar characteristics in the juvenile stage in relation to the total of daily activity, the onset and offset of the active phase, and the distribution of activity during this phase. Besides, the entering puberty was associated with a phase delay and increase on total daily activity, with differences between sexes, possibly due to hormonal influences and/or social modulation on rhythm.
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Callithrix/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Callithrix/fisiologia , Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Caracteres Sexuais , Comportamento Social , Actigrafia , Animais , Callithrix/psicologia , Fezes/química , Feminino , Hormônios/análise , Abrigo para Animais , Masculino , Maturidade Sexual/fisiologiaRESUMO
De acordo com Freud, a psicanálise pode reivindicar uma posição de destaque entre as ciências que se esforçam por reconstruir as fases mais antigas e obscuras da humanidade, porque as neuroses e psicoses, seus objetos de estudo, conservam antiguidades da alma. As disposições para as neuroses permitiram a Freud fazer a genealogia da pulsão sexual: seu afastamento da função sexual biológica (histeria de angústia), sua capacidade de satisfação na fantasia (histeria de conversão) e de satisfação na ampliação do poder, na afirmação de si e no domínio sobre o mundo e sobre os outros (neurose obsessiva). As disposições para as psicoses possibilitaram fazer a genealogia da culpa e da vida social. O prazer na submissão à castração pela sexualização da dor (esquizofrenia), o prazer sexual com o igual apoiado no ódio ao diferente (paranoia) e o prazer no ódio contra si mesmo (mania/melancolia) compõem os elementos necessários para a vida social. Este artigo percorre as etapas dessa reconstrução.
According to Freud, Psychoanalysis may claim a higher place among those sciences that make an effort to reconstruct the earliest and most obscure stages of mankind. The reason is that neuroses and psychoses, objects of the psychoanalytic study, have kept soul antiques. Dispositions to neuroses permitted Freud to conceive the genealogy of sexual instinct: its removal from the biological sexual function (anxiety hysteria), its satisfaction ability in fantasy (conversion hysteria) and its satisfaction ability in increasing power, self-assertion and dominion over the world and over others (obsessional neurosis). Dispositions to psychoses allowed Freud to conceive the genealogy of guilt and social life: the pleasure in the submission to castration by sexualizing the pain (schizophrenia), the sexual pleasure with the equal one and founded on the hatred towards the different one (paranoia), and the pleasure in the hatred of the self (mania/melancholy). In this paper, the author goes through all the stages of this reconstruction.
Según Freud, el psicoanálisis puede reivindicar un lugar destacado entre las ciencias que se esfuerzan por reconstruir las fases más tempranas y más oscuras de la humanidad, porque las neurosis y psicosis, objeto de su estudio, conservan en sí antigüedades del alma. Las disposiciones relativas a las neurosis le permitieron a Freud caracterizar la genealogía de la pulsión sexual: su alejamiento de la función sexual biológica (histeria de angustia), su capacidad de satisfacción en la fantasía (histeria de conversión) y de satisfacción en la expansión del poder, la autoafirmación y la dominación sobre el mundo y los demás (neurosis obsesiva). Las disposiciones relativas a las psicosis permitieron trazar la genealogía de la culpa y de la vida social: el placer en la sumisión a la castración por la sexualización de dolor (esquizofrenia), el placer sexual con el igual apoyado en el odio al diferente (paranoia) y el placer en el odio contra sí mismo (manía/melancolía). Este artículo recorre las etapas de esa reconstrucción.
Selon Freud, la psychanalyse peut revendiquer une place remarquable parmi les sciences qui s'efforcent de reconstruire les phases les plus anciennes et obscures de l'humanité, car les névroses et psychoses, leurs objets d'étude, maintiennent l'antiquité de l'âme. Les dispositions pour les névroses ont permis à Freud de faire la généalogie de la pulsion sexuelle: son éloignement de la fonction sexuelle biologique (hystérie de l'angoisse), sa capacité de satisfaction dans l'augmentation du pouvoir, dans l'affirmation de soi et dans la maîtrise du monde et de l'autre (névrose obsessive). Les dispositions pour les psychoses permettent de faire la généalogie de la culpabilité et de la vie sociale. Le plaisir dans la soumission à la castration par la sexualisation de la douleur (schizophrénie), le plaisir sexuel avec son égal, appuyé sur la haie au différent (paranoïa) et le plaisir dans la haie contre soi-même (manie/mélancolie) composent les éléments nécessaires pour la vie social. Cet article parcourt les étapes de cette reconstruction.
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Transtornos Psicóticos , Teoria Freudiana , Transtornos Neuróticos , Psicanálise , Teoria Psicanalítica , SexualidadeRESUMO
De acordo com Freud, a psicanálise pode reivindicar uma posição de destaque entre as ciências que se esforçam por reconstruir as fases mais antigas e obscuras da humanidade, porque as neuroses e psicoses, seus objetos de estudo, conservam antiguidades da alma. As disposições para as neuroses permitiram a Freud fazer a genealogia da pulsão sexual: seu afastamento da função sexual biológica (histeria de angústia), sua capacidade de satisfação na fantasia (histeria de conversão) e de satisfação na ampliação do poder, na afirmação de si e no domínio sobre o mundo e sobre os outros (neurose obsessiva). As disposições para as psicoses possibilitaram fazer a genealogia da culpa e da vida social. O prazer na submissão à castração pela sexualização da dor (esquizofrenia), o prazer sexual com o igual apoiado no ódio ao diferente (paranoia) e o prazer no ódio contra si mesmo (mania/melancolia) compõem os elementos necessários para a vida social. Este artigo percorre as etapas dessa reconstrução.
According to Freud, Psychoanalysis may claim a higher place among those sciences that make an effort to reconstruct the earliest and most obscure stages of mankind. The reason is that neuroses and psychoses, objects of the psychoanalytic study, have kept soul antiques. Dispositions to neuroses permitted Freud to conceive the genealogy of sexual instinct: its removal from the biological sexual function (anxiety hysteria), its satisfaction ability in fantasy (conversion hysteria) and its satisfaction ability in increasing power, self-assertion and dominion over the world and over others (obsessional neurosis). Dispositions to psychoses allowed Freud to conceive the genealogy of guilt and social life: the pleasure in the submission to castration by sexualizing the pain (schizophrenia), the sexual pleasure with the equal one and founded on the hatred towards the different one (paranoia), and the pleasure in the hatred of the self (mania/melancholy). In this paper, the author goes through all the stages of this reconstruction.
Según Freud, el psicoanálisis puede reivindicar un lugar destacado entre las ciencias que se esfuerzan por reconstruir las fases más tempranas y más oscuras de la humanidad, porque las neurosis y psicosis, objeto de su estudio, conservan en sí antigüedades del alma. Las disposiciones relativas a las neurosis le permitieron a Freud caracterizar la genealogía de la pulsión sexual: su alejamiento de la función sexual biológica (histeria de angustia), su capacidad de satisfacción en la fantasía (histeria de conversión) y de satisfacción en la expansión del poder, la autoafirmación y la dominación sobre el mundo y los demás (neurosis obsesiva). Las disposiciones relativas a las psicosis permitieron trazar la genealogía de la culpa y de la vida social: el placer en la sumisión a la castración por la sexualización de dolor (esquizofrenia), el placer sexual con el igual apoyado en el odio al diferente (paranoia) y el placer en el odio contra sí mismo (manía/melancolía). Este artículo recorre las etapas de esa reconstrucción.
Selon Freud, la psychanalyse peut revendiquer une place remarquable parmi les sciences qui s'efforcent de reconstruire les phases les plus anciennes et obscures de l'humanité, car les névroses et psychoses, leurs objets d'étude, maintiennent l'antiquité de l'âme. Les dispositions pour les névroses ont permis à Freud de faire la généalogie de la pulsion sexuelle: son éloignement de la fonction sexuelle biologique (hystérie de l'angoisse), sa capacité de satisfaction dans l'augmentation du pouvoir, dans l'affirmation de soi et dans la maîtrise du monde et de l'autre (névrose obsessive). Les dispositions pour les psychoses permettent de faire la généalogie de la culpabilité et de la vie sociale. Le plaisir dans la soumission à la castration par la sexualisation de la douleur (schizophrénie), le plaisir sexuel avec son égal, appuyé sur la haie au différent (paranoïa) et le plaisir dans la haie contre soi-même (manie/mélancolie) composent les éléments nécessaires pour la vie social. Cet article parcourt les étapes de cette reconstruction.
Assuntos
Transtornos Neuróticos , Teoria Freudiana , Transtornos Psicóticos , Psicanálise , Teoria Psicanalítica , SexualidadeRESUMO
Embryological studies in fish species are useful to the understanding of their biology and systematics. The available biological data in Leiarius marmoratus are scarce and additional information about its reproductive biology is needed, mainly because this species has been commercially exploited and used in production of hybrid lineages. In order to evaluate the temporal-morphological embryonic modifications in L. marmoratus, samples of nearly 200 embryos were collected at random at different stages of development, starting from fecundation (time zero). Embryos were fixed in modified Karnovsk's solution and 2.5% glutaraldehyde, processed and analysed under optic and electron microscopy. The incubation period of L. marmoratus was equal to 14.42 h at a mean temperature of 28.3 ± 0.07°C. The following stages of embryonic development were established: zygote, cleavage, gastrula, organogenesis and hatching. These stages were divided into phases, as follows: cleavage - phases of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 cells and morula; gastrula - phases of 25, 50, 75 and 90% of epiboly and blastopore closure; and organogenesis - neurula, segmentation and pre-larval phases. The embryogenesis of L. marmoratus was typical of neotropical teleosteans, with peculiarities in species development.
Assuntos
Peixes-Gato/embriologia , Embrião não Mamífero/citologia , Embrião não Mamífero/ultraestrutura , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/fisiologia , Morfogênese/fisiologia , Organogênese/fisiologia , Animais , Blástula/citologia , Blástula/ultraestrutura , Gástrula/citologia , Gástrula/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura/métodos , Mórula/citologia , Mórula/ultraestrutura , Oócitos/citologia , Oócitos/ultraestrutura , Zigoto/citologia , Zigoto/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Trata-se de investigar a noção de self agente em James e Winnicott. Em James, examinamos o elemento descritivo que constitui o self. Em Winnicott, exploramos a teoria explicativa sobre a emergência do self. A perspectiva de Winnicott é apresentada aqui como a pré-história do self jamesiano. A concepção de James é análoga ao self integrado winnicottiano, concebido como uma posição corporificada resultante da ação do organismo no campo experiencial. A combinação das duas abordagens resulta na noção de self como fluxo de identidade que emerge da interação com os outros no espaço transicional...
Our goal is to investigate the notion of self-agency in James and Winnicott. With James, we examine the descriptive element of what constitutes a self. With Winnicott, we explore his explanatory theory on self-emergence. Winnicott's perspective is presented here as the prehistory of the Jamesian self. James's conception of self is similar to the Winnicottian integrated self that is an embodied position that emerges from the organism's actions at the experiential field. The blend of the two approaches leads to the idea that the self is a flux of identities emerging in interaction with others in the transitional space...
Assuntos
Relações Interpessoais , Psicologia do SelfRESUMO
Trata-se de investigar a noção de self agente em James e Winnicott. Em James, examinamos o elemento descritivo que constitui o self. Em Winnicott, exploramos a teoria explicativa sobre a emergência do self. A perspectiva de Winnicott é apresentada aqui como a pré-história do self jamesiano. A concepção de James é análoga ao self integrado winnicottiano, concebido como uma posição corporificada resultante da ação do organismo no campo experiencial. A combinação das duas abordagens resulta na noção de self como fluxo de identidade que emerge da interação com os outros no espaço transicional(AU)
Our goal is to investigate the notion of self-agency in James and Winnicott. With James, we examine the descriptive element of what constitutes a self. With Winnicott, we explore his explanatory theory on self-emergence. Winnicott's perspective is presented here as the prehistory of the Jamesian self. James's conception of self is similar to the Winnicottian integrated self that is an embodied position that emerges from the organism's actions at the experiential field. The blend of the two approaches leads to the idea that the self is a flux of identities emerging in interaction with others in the transitional space(AU)
Assuntos
Psicologia do Self , Relações InterpessoaisRESUMO
Neste trabalho, o autor, baseado em várias hipóteses oriundas de Freud sobre o recalcamento, conjugando tais hipóteses a outras advindas de diversas ciências (antropologia, filosofia, mitologia), procura examinar um fragmento do recalcado oriundo da filogênese, onde se manifesta do seu ponto de vista, uma compulsão à repetição com prevalência da pulsão de morte. Relaciona, então, tais sugestões com a saga do Conde Drácula. Seria esta a rememoração do Pai Primordial e seu assassinato pela horda dos irmãos?
In this paper the author, based on many Freudian hypothesis on repression, pairing such hypothesis to others originated from many sciences (Anthropology, Philosophy, Mythology), intends to examine a fragment of the repressed, originated from phylogenesis where, from the authors point of view, repetition compulsion with prevalence of the death instinct is manifested. He then correlates such suggestions with Count Draculas tale. Would that be the recalling of the primary father and his assassination by the brothers horde?
En este trabajo, el autor, con base en varias hipótesis oriundas de Freud sobre el recalcamiento, conjugándolas con otras originadas de varias ciencias (antropología, filosofía, mitología), busca examinar un fragmento de lo recalcado oriundo de la filogénesis, donde se manifiesta desde su punto de vista, una compulsión a la repetición con prevalencia de la pulsión de muerte. Relaciona, entonces, esas sugerencias a la saga del Conde Drácula. ¿Sería esta la rememoración del Padre Primordial y su asesinato por la horda de los hermanos?