RESUMO

The fatty acid (FA) profiles of fish species with a similar genetic or geographic origin are important quality parameters that attract bioecological interest because they are influenced by the nutritional habits of the species. The aim of this study was to determine the proximate compositions and FA profiles of heart, brain and muscle tissues from three fish species (Lutjanus purpureus, Lutjanus synagris and Ocyurus chrysurus) captured from the Amazonian Atlantic Coast. In addition to performing nutritional analysis of the FA profiles, principal components analysis (PCA) was performed as a chemometric tool to discriminate among the species. Lutjanus synagris had the highest protein content (18.23%), while O. chrysurus possessed the highest lipid content (4.25%). All of the nutritional quality parameters (the n-6/n-3 and Σ polyunsaturated FA/Σ saturated FA ratios and dietary indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity) of the FA profiles of the three species are of interest to consumers. In general, the predominant FA in the tissues of all species analyzed was palmitic acid, followed by stearic acid. Oleic acid was predominant among the monounsaturated FAs, while docosahexaenoic acid was the most prevalent polyunsaturated FA. Chemometric analysis was an effective tool for fish identification. PCA showed that the FA profiles of the brain tissues were optimal for discriminating among the species, with O. chrysurus showing the most different FA profile from the others. The muscle FA profile was the most useful for identifying L. purpureus.(AU)

Perfis de ácidos graxos (AGs) de espécies de peixes com uma origem genética ou geográfica semelhante são importantes parâmetros de qualidade e apresentam interesse bioecológico, uma vez que são influenciados pelos hábitos nutricionais das espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a composição centesimal e os perfis de AGs do coração, cérebro e músculo de três espécies de peixes (Lutjanus purpureus, Lutjanus synagris e Ocyurus chrysurus) capturados na Costa Atlântica Amazônica. Além de fornecer uma análise nutricional dos perfis de AGs, uma análise de componentes principais (ACP) foi realizada como uma ferramenta quimiométrica para discriminar entre as espécies. Lutjanus synagris teve o maior teor de proteína (18,23%), enquanto O. chrysurus apresentou a maior concentração de lipídios (4,25%). Todos os parâmetros de qualidade nutricional (as proporções de n-6/n-3 e ΣPUFAs/ΣSFAs, e os índices dietéticos de aterogenicidade e trombogenicidade) dos perfis de AGs nas três espécies se mostraram de interesse para os consumidores. Em geral, o AGs predominante nos tecidos de todas as espécies analisadas foi o ácido palmítico, seguido pelo ácido esteárico. O ácido oléico foi predominante entre os AGs monoinsaturados, enquanto que o ácido docosahexaenoico foi o mais prevalente entre a classe poliinsaturada. A análise quimiométrica foi uma ferramenta eficaz para identificação dos peixes. A ACP mostrou que os perfis de AGs dos tecidos cerebrais foram melhores para discriminar entre as espécies, com O. Ocyurus mostrando o perfil de AGs mais diferente em relação às outras espécies. O perfil de AGs do músculo foi o mais útil para a identificação de L. purpureus.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The fatty acid (FA) profiles of fish species with a similar genetic or geographic origin are important quality parameters that attract bioecological interest because they are influenced by the nutritional habits of the species. The aim of this study was to determine the proximate compositions and FA profiles of heart, brain and muscle tissues from three fish species (Lutjanus purpureus, Lutjanus synagris and Ocyurus chrysurus) captured from the Amazonian Atlantic Coast. In addition to performing nutritional analysis of the FA profiles, principal components analysis (PCA) was performed as a chemometric tool to discriminate among the species. Lutjanus synagris had the highest protein content (18.23%), while O. chrysurus possessed the highest lipid content (4.25%). All of the nutritional quality parameters (the n-6/n-3 and Σ polyunsaturated FA/Σ saturated FA ratios and dietary indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity) of the FA profiles of the three species are of interest to consumers. In general, the predominant FA in the tissues of all species analyzed was palmitic acid, followed by stearic acid. Oleic acid was predominant among the monounsaturated FAs, while docosahexaenoic acid was the most prevalent polyunsaturated FA. Chemometric analysis was an effective tool for fish identification. PCA showed that the FA profiles of the brain tissues were optimal for discriminating among the species, with O. chrysurus showing the most different FA profile from the others. The muscle FA profile was the most useful for identifying L. purpureus.

Perfis de ácidos graxos (AGs) de espécies de peixes com uma origem genética ou geográfica semelhante são importantes parâmetros de qualidade e apresentam interesse bioecológico, uma vez que são influenciados pelos hábitos nutricionais das espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a composição centesimal e os perfis de AGs do coração, cérebro e músculo de três espécies de peixes (Lutjanus purpureus, Lutjanus synagris e Ocyurus chrysurus) capturados na Costa Atlântica Amazônica. Além de fornecer uma análise nutricional dos perfis de AGs, uma análise de componentes principais (ACP) foi realizada como uma ferramenta quimiométrica para discriminar entre as espécies. Lutjanus synagris teve o maior teor de proteína (18,23%), enquanto O. chrysurus apresentou a maior concentração de lipídios (4,25%). Todos os parâmetros de qualidade nutricional (as proporções de n-6/n-3 e ΣPUFAs/ΣSFAs, e os índices dietéticos de aterogenicidade e trombogenicidade) dos perfis de AGs nas três espécies se mostraram de interesse para os consumidores. Em geral, o AGs predominante nos tecidos de todas as espécies analisadas foi o ácido palmítico, seguido pelo ácido esteárico. O ácido oléico foi predominante entre os AGs monoinsaturados, enquanto que o ácido docosahexaenoico foi o mais prevalente entre a classe poliinsaturada. A análise quimiométrica foi uma ferramenta eficaz para identificação dos peixes. A ACP mostrou que os perfis de AGs dos tecidos cerebrais foram melhores para discriminar entre as espécies, com O. Ocyurus mostrando o perfil de AGs mais diferente em relação às outras espécies. O perfil de AGs do músculo foi o mais útil para a identificação de L. purpureus.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Twenty one of 29 species of snappers (Lutjanidae), examined for dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea) from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the Indo-west and eastern Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea were parasitized by 16 new and 11 previously described species of Euryhaliotrema: Euryhaliotrema adelpha sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema anecorhizion sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cardinale sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema chrysotaeniae, Euryhaliotrema cognatus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cryptophallus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema diplops sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema distinctum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fajeravilae sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fastigatum, Euryhaliotrema fatuum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema ferocis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema hainanense, Euryhaliotrema longibaculum, Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema paracanthi, Euryhaliotrema paululum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema perezponcei, Euryhaliotrema ramulum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema seyi sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema simplicis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema spirotubiforum, Euryhaliotrema tormocleithrum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema torquecirrus, Euryhaliotrema tubocirrus, Euryhaliotrema xinyingense, and Euryhaliotrema youngi sp. nov. Six species of Euryhaliotrema, previously reported from lutjanid hosts, were not collected: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema guangdongense, Euryhaliotrema johni, Euryhaliotrema lutiani, Euryhaliotrema lutjani, and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The diagnosis of Euryhaliotrema was emended to include species having tandem or slightly overlapping gonads, a pretesticular germarium, a globose haptor with morphologically similar anchors and hooks, a coiled or meandering male copulatory organ, a dextral vaginal pore, and hooks with upright acute thumbs and slender shanks comprised of one subunit. A bulbous base of the MCO and presence of an accessory piece in the copulatory complex were no longer considered features defining the genus. As a result, Euryhaliotrematoides and Aliatrema were placed in subjective synonymy with Euryhaliotrema, and the following transfers were proposed: Euryhaliotrema annulocirrus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema aspistis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema berenguelae comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema cribbi comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema grandis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema microphallus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema pirulum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema triangulovagina comb. nov. In addition, the following new combinations were proposed based on the revised diagnosis of the genus: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema eukurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema kurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema monoporosum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The dactylogyrids, Protancyrocephalus rangusi (from a lutjanid host) and Daitreosoma chaetodontis (from a chaetodontid host), were considered species inquirendae. Haliotrematoides tukerhamatus comb. nov. is considered the senior subjective synonym of Haliotrematoides nagabinae. New host records for some previously described species of Euryhaliotrema from lutjanid and chaetodontid hosts were reported.

RESUMO

Twenty one of 29 species of snappers (Lutjanidae), examined for dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea) from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the Indo-west and eastern Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea were parasitized by 16 new and 11 previously described species of Euryhaliotrema: Euryhaliotrema adelpha sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema anecorhizion sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cardinale sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema chrysotaeniae, Euryhaliotrema cognatus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cryptophallus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema diplops sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema distinctum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fajeravilae sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fastigatum, Euryhaliotrema fatuum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema ferocis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema hainanense, Euryhaliotrema longibaculum, Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema paracanthi, Euryhaliotrema paululum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema perezponcei, Euryhaliotrema ramulum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema seyi sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema simplicis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema spirotubiforum, Euryhaliotrema tormocleithrum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema torquecirrus, Euryhaliotrema tubocirrus, Euryhaliotrema xinyingense, and Euryhaliotrema youngi sp. nov. Six species of Euryhaliotrema, previously reported from lutjanid hosts, were not collected: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema guangdongense, Euryhaliotrema johni, Euryhaliotrema lutiani, Euryhaliotrema lutjani, and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The diagnosis of Euryhaliotrema was emended to include species having tandem or slightly overlapping gonads, a pretesticular germarium, a globose haptor with morphologically similar anchors and hooks, a coiled or meandering male copulatory organ, a dextral vaginal pore, and hooks with upright acute thumbs and slender shanks comprised of one subunit. A bulbous base of the MCO and presence of an accessory piece in the copulatory complex were no longer considered features defining the genus. As a result, Euryhaliotrematoides and Aliatrema were placed in subjective synonymy with Euryhaliotrema, and the following transfers were proposed: Euryhaliotrema annulocirrus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema aspistis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema berenguelae comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema cribbi comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema grandis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema microphallus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema pirulum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema triangulovagina comb. nov. In addition, the following new combinations were proposed based on the revised diagnosis of the genus: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema eukurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema kurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema monoporosum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The dactylogyrids, Protancyrocephalus rangusi (from a lutjanid host) and Daitreosoma chaetodontis (from a chaetodontid host), were considered species inquirendae. Haliotrematoides tukerhamatus comb. nov. is considered the senior subjective synonym of Haliotrematoides nagabinae. New host records for some previously described species of Euryhaliotrema from lutjanid and chaetodontid hosts were reported.

RESUMO

Twenty one of 29 species of snappers (Lutjanidae), examined for dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea) from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the Indo-west and eastern Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea were parasitized by 16 new and 11 previously described species of Euryhaliotrema: Euryhaliotrema adelpha sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema anecorhizion sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cardinale sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema chrysotaeniae, Euryhaliotrema cognatus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cryptophallus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema diplops sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema distinctum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fajeravilae sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fastigatum, Euryhaliotrema fatuum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema ferocis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema hainanense, Euryhaliotrema longibaculum, Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema paracanthi, Euryhaliotrema paululum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema perezponcei, Euryhaliotrema ramulum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema seyi sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema simplicis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema spirotubiforum, Euryhaliotrema tormocleithrum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema torquecirrus, Euryhaliotrema tubocirrus, Euryhaliotrema xinyingense, and Euryhaliotrema youngi sp. nov. Six species of Euryhaliotrema, previously reported from lutjanid hosts, were not collected: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema guangdongense, Euryhaliotrema johni, Euryhaliotrema lutiani, Euryhaliotrema lutjani, and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The diagnosis of Euryhaliotrema was emended to include species having tandem or slightly overlapping gonads, a pretesticular germarium, a globose haptor with morphologically similar anchors and hooks, a coiled or meandering male copulatory organ, a dextral vaginal pore, and hooks with upright acute thumbs and slender shanks comprised of one subunit. A bulbous base of the MCO and presence of an accessory piece in the copulatory complex were no longer considered features defining the genus. As a result, Euryhaliotrematoides and Aliatrema were placed in subjective synonymy with Euryhaliotrema, and the following transfers were proposed: Euryhaliotrema annulocirrus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema aspistis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema berenguelae comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema cribbi comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema grandis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema microphallus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema pirulum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema triangulovagina comb. nov. In addition, the following new combinations were proposed based on the revised diagnosis of the genus: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema eukurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema kurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema monoporosum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The dactylogyrids, Protancyrocephalus rangusi (from a lutjanid host) and Daitreosoma chaetodontis (from a chaetodontid host), were considered species inquirendae. Haliotrematoides tukerhamatus comb. nov. is considered the senior subjective synonym of Haliotrematoides nagabinae. New host records for some previously described species of Euryhaliotrema from lutjanid and chaetodontid hosts were reported.

RESUMO

The main objective of this work is to evaluate the occurrence of bromophenols (2bromophenol, 4bromophenol, 2,4dibromophenol, 2,6dibromophenol and 2,4,6tribromophenol), in the flesh and guts in two species of the LutjanidaeFamily: Lutjanus synagris and Ocyurus chrysurus. The bromophenols were extracted by steam distillation with pentaneether (7:3 v/v), identified by reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLCUV), and quantified bythe externalstandard method. Total bromophenol concentrations were similar in the muscle of both species, rangingfrom 36 ng g¹ to 349 ng g¹. The total bromophenol concentrations in stomach (ranging from 12 ng g¹ to 586 ng g¹)were slightly higher than in muscle. The presence of bromophenol in the muscles of the species under study may occuras a result of their diet. The results of this work are therefore expected to contribute toward a better understanding ofthe path of bromophenol absorption from the fish's stomach to the rest of its body.

O principal objetivo do presente trabalho foi o estudo de bromofenóis (2bromofenol, 4bromofenol, 2,4dibromofenol,2,6dibromofenol and 2,4,6tribromofenol), no músculo e estômago de duas espécies de peixes da Familia Lutjanidae: Lutjanus synagris e Ocyurus chrysurus. Os bromofenóis foramextraídos através de destilação por arraste a vapor com pentanoéter (7:3 v/v), analisados por Cromatografia Líquida de AltaEficiência e quantificados por padronização externa. As concentrações totais de bromofenóis no músculo de ambas as espécies foram similares e estiveram na faixa de 36 ng g¹ a349 ng g¹. As concentrações totais de bromofenóis no estômago (na faixa de 12 ng g¹ a 586 ng g¹) foram mais altas queno músculo. A presença de bromofenóis no músculo das espécies estudadas pode ter origem na dieta. Os resultados destetrabalho contribuirão para o melhor entendimento das rotas deabsorção de bromofenóis nos peixes.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The Lutjanidae or snappers are a family of perciform fishes, mainly marine but with some members living in estuaries and entering fresh water to feed. Some are important food fish. Cytogenetic data for Lutjanidae are scarce. In the present work, we cytogenetically characterized through conventional Giemsa staining techniques, Ag-NOR and C-banding the species Ocyurus chrysurus, Lutjanus analis, L. alexandrei, L. cyanopterus, L. jocu and L. synagris, all found along the Brazilian coast. Karyotype analysis of all six species showed a modal value of 2n = 48 acrocentric chromosomes. Single NORs were found at pericentromeric position on the long arms of the 2nd pair in O. chrysurus, L. alexandrei and L. cyanopterus, on the 5th pair in L. analis and on the 23rd pair in L. synagris. The species L. jocu presented multiple NORs located on the 2nd pair at a pericentromeric region and on the 5th pair at a telomeric region. Heterochromatic blocks were identified at the centromeric region of all chromosomes of the studied species. These results indicate that, despite of the chromosomal stability of this family, a relative structural diversification seems to have occurred in the chromosome evolution of the group. Such diversification was evidenced by divergent number and location of ribosomal sites among species. The NOR-bearing pairs represented an efficient cytotaxonomic marker for most of the analyzed species. The data suggest that the presence of interstitially located single NORs on a large acrocentric pair should represent a basal condition for lutjanids.