RESUMO
Abstract Background Fatty acids are important components of diet that may influence the development of CVD. Objective To verify the relationship of dietary fatty acids with cardiometabolic markers in individuals at the cardiometabolic risk. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 282 subjects (116 M/166 F, 42 ± 16 years) attended the Cardiovascular Health Care Program, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (Brazil). Anthropometric and body composition measurements as well as metabolic and inflammatory markers were assessed by standard procedures. Demographic and lifestyle variables were obtained by semi-structured questionnaire. Food consumption was evaluated by 24h recall. Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney-U test and chi-square test were used, considering the statistical significance level of 5% probability. Results Individuals who eaten fat, fatty acids saturated and fatty acids polyunsaturated above recommendation (> 35, 7%, and 10% of caloric intake) were more likely to be overweight (p < 0.05). Those individuals with higher intake of medium-chain fatty saturated acids (≥ 1.05 g/d) had lower values (p < 0.05) of body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio and higher values (p < 0.05) of total leukocytes, C-reactive protein and total cholesterol, and LDL. Subjects with higher of palmitoleic acid intake (≥ 0.94 g/d) presented higher values of BMI, fat percentage and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05). Conclusion This cross-sectional study found different associations of dietary fat and cardiometabolic risk related to adiposity and inflammatory markers, according with chain-size and saturation, indicating the need the more detailed on the dietary assessment of obese patients to identify risk factors and established best strategies to control. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ácidos Graxos/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco Cardiometabólico , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Gorduras na Dieta , Biomarcadores , Estudos Transversais , Síndrome Metabólica/dietoterapia , Síndrome Metabólica/prevenção & controle , Sobrepeso , Adiposidade , Obesidade/complicaçõesRESUMO
Cuba still has a double burden of health risks. It must contend with some risks to health that persist in underdeveloped rural areas, and it must also deal with the risk factors associated with modern, urban living conditions. The economic and social changes fostered in the postrevolutionary period have reduced the relative importance of the first set of factors, but the changes have also introduced or intensified a myriad of factors derived from their own successes. In this article, the risk factors of greatest concern in contemporary Cuba are described, and the strategies adopted to combat these risk factors, together with the ways in which such strategies are shaped by Cuba's social and economic development are discussed.
PIP: Cuba still has adouble burden of health risks. It must contend with some risks to health that persist in underdeveloped rural areas, and it must also deal with the risk factors associated with modern, urban living conditions. The economic and social changes fostered in the postrevolutionary period have reduced the relative importance of the 1st set of factors, derived from their own successees. Cuba's preventive attention is increasingly concentrated on heart disease, cancer, and stroke. Risk factors related to diet, smoking, obesity, sedentarianism, and occupational accidents are also receiving much attention. 2 types of preventive strategies have been employed to avoid health risks, namely, changing behavior that exposes people to risk and eliminating the risk itself. It is too early to tell how successful Cuba will be in its present campaign to reduce risk factors. The decisive factors for Cuba's current health programs very likely will be the roles of the local governments and of the mass organizations operating at the level of the community and workplace.