RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the association of Opuntia stricta (OS) or Nopalea cochenillifera (NC) with Moringa hay (MY) or Leucaena hay (LY) on nutrient intake, ingestive behavior, serum biochemistry, and milk production and composition of dairy goat. Eight multiparous Saanen goats were used, with an average of 68 ± 8 days in milk and 48.5 ± 6 kg of initial weight, fed with the following treatment diets: OS + MY; OS + LY; NC + MY, and NC + LY. The treatments were distributed in a double Latin square, in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme (two varieties of cactus and two of hay). Goats fed with NC had higher (P < 0.05) intakes of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and non-fibrous carbohydrates. There was no influence (P > 0.05) on milk production, but goats fed with OS produced milk with higher (P < 0.05) fat content and presented higher (P < 0.05) feed efficiency. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the hay type on the nutrient intake and milk production and composition of goats, but the animals fed with MY had higher (P < 0.05) serum cholesterol levels and greater efficiency of NDF rumination. Goats fed with OS showed greater feeding and rumination efficiency. Our results indicated that both cactus species could be successfully included in the diet of low yielding dairy goats fed 18.4% concentrate.

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Cactus pear cladodes, clones 'Miúda' (MIU) and 'Orelha de Elefante Mexicana' (OEM) were harvested at 6 am and 8 pm during the rainy-dry, dry and rainy seasons to evaluate the effect of type of clone and harvest seasons on the physicochemical and technological properties of mucilage as well as the optical, physicochemical, mechanical, thermal and microstructural characteristics of the films obtained. The mucilage of the OEM clone presented a higher content of phenolic compounds, compared to the Nopalea genus, regardless of the season and time of harvest. Furthermore, the dry period resulted in higher carbohydrate levels, regardless of the harvest time. The biopolymeric films produced from the OEM clone harvested in the rainy season and rainy-dry transition showed darker color, better mechanical properties, water barrier, compact microstructure and thermal stability when compared to the MIU clone. Furthermore, harvesting at 6 am provided improvements in the mechanical conditions, permeability and thermal stability of the films of both types of clones studied. These results showed strong environmental modulation, naturally incorporating important macromolecules such as carbohydrates and phenolic compounds, used in the industry in the production of nutraceutical foods, into the mucilage. Furthermore, harvesting cladodes at 6 am in the rainy and transitional (rainy-dry) periods provided better quality biopolymeric films and/or coatings.

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Our hypothesis is that the total replacement of ground corn grain (GCG) by cactus pear (CP) in association with 70% of leucaena hay (LH) increases dry matter (DM) intake and digestibility and nitrogen metabolism and maintains the feeding behavior of cattle. The objective was to evaluate the effects of inclusion of these feeds on the nutritional parameters and nitrogen metabolism of cattle. Eight steers, average age of 12 months, weight of 267.5 ± 15 kg, were distributed into two simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares according to a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, in which the first factor evaluated was different proportions of inclusion of LH (50 or 70% DM basis), and the second factor was the total replacement of GCG with CP. There was lower DM intake in animals fed with 70% LH. There was an interaction between the factors for DM digestibility, in which the animals fed CP did not differ regardless of the inclusion of LH, but for animals without CP, the greater inclusion of LH decreases DM digestibility. The inclusion of CP decreased free water intake. There was an interaction for total water intake (WI), in which the animals fed without CP presented similarity for this, while in the inclusion of CP, the animals fed 70% of LH presented higher WI. Also, lower values of chewing were observed for animals fed with CP. The replacement of GCG with CP improves the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in the rumen. The inclusion of 70% LH depresses intake.

RESUMO

The production of mixed silages can be an essential strategy for storing and processing feed for ruminants in arid and semi-arid regions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inclusion levels of forage cactus in sorghum silage on chemical-bromatological composition, losses, in vitro digestibility, and fermentative profile. Sorghum silages were produced by adding 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% forage cactus based on natural matter. Experimental silos were filled with the mixtures and hermetically sealed. The silos were opened after 34 days of fermentation, and the samples were analyzed for composition, digestibility, fermentative profile, and losses in silage. The inclusion of forage cactus presented a negative quadratic influence (P < 0.05) on the contents of dry matter (DM), ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and cellulose of sorghum silage. The DM concentration decreased from 35.83 to 25.43% for the control treatment (0%) to the 20% treatment, followed by stabilization at values close to 26 ± 1% in subsequent levels. Digestibility in vitro and the total digestible nutrients of the silages increased linearly (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of forage cactus. However, there was a linear increase (P < 0.05) of pH, ammonia nitrogen, acetic acid, and butyric acid with the inclusion of forage cactus, reaching values indicative of the limitation of the fermentation process from the level of 20% inclusion. Including forage cactus in sorghum silage did not affect (P > 0.05) losses by gases, effluents, and DM recovery from silage. Adding up to 10% of forage cactus can benefit chemical-bromatological characteristics, digestibility, and fermentation of sorghum silage.(AU)

A produção de silagens mistas pode ser importante estratégia para armazenamento e beneficiamento dos alimentos para ruminantes em regiões áridas e semiáridas. Objetivou-se avaliar efeito de níveis de inclusão de palma forrageira na ensilagem do sorgo sobre composição químico-bromatológica, perdas, digestibilidade in vitro e perfil fermentativo. Foram produzidas silagens de sorgo com adição de 0, 10, 20, 30 e 40% de palma forrageira com base na matéria natural. Utilizou-se silos experimentais preenchidos com as misturas e fechados hermeticamente. Após 34 dias de fermentação os silos foram abertos e as amostras analisada quanto a composição, digestibilidade, perfil fermentativo e perdas na ensilagem. A inclusão de palma forrageira influenciou de forma quadrática negativa (P < 0,05) os teores de matéria seca (MS), extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido e celulose da silagem de sorgo. The DM concentration decreased from 35.83 to 25.43% for the control treatment (0%) to the 20% treatment, followed by stabilization at values close to 26 ± 1% in subsequent levels. A digestibilidade in vitro e os nutrientes digestíveis totais das silagens aumentaram linearmente (P < 0,05) com a inclusão de palma forrageira. Contudo, houve incremento linear (P < 0,05) do pH, nitrogênio amoniacal, ácido acético e ácido butírico com a inclusão de palma forrageira, atingido valores indicativos de limitação do processo fermentativo a partir do nível de 20% de inclusão. A inclusão de palma forrageira na ensilagem do sorgo não influenciou (P > 0,05) as perdas por gases, efluentes, e recuperação de MS da silagem. A adição até 10% de palma forrageira pode ser recomendada para beneficiar características químico-bromatológica, digestibilidade e fermentação da silagem de sorgo.(AU)

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Leaves of Croton argyrophyllus contain essential oil with promising active components for the development of drugs and botanical insecticides. In this study, we evaluated the enzymatic pretreatment process to increase the extraction of essential oil from fresh and dried leaves of C. argyrophyllus. Pretreatment was carried out using a crude multienzymatic extract obtained via solid-state fermentation of forage palm by Aspergillus niger, and the extraction was performed by hydrodistillation. A Doehlert matrix was used to optimize the enzymatic pretreatment variables temperature and enzymatic extract. The effect of pretreatment time was also investigated. At optimum experimental conditions, 41.34°C, 140 min, and 130.73 mL of enzyme in 369.27 mL of water, the essential oil yield from fresh leaves subjected to enzymatic pretreatment increased by 9.35% and that from dry leaves by 6.77%. Based on chromatographic analysis (GC-MS), no compound was degraded in the extraction process. Micromorphological analysis confirmed the rupture of the glandular trichomes, favoring essential oil release. Therefore, enzymatic pretreatment associated with hydrodistillation increased the essential oil yield and is a promising application to obtain essential oil for therapeutic purposes without altering its composition.

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The objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of potassium fertilization on the initial growth of forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck) clones. The experiment lasted six months, arranged in a randomized block design, in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with five levels of potassium fertilization (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg of K2O ha-1) and two forage cactus clones (Little Sweet and Giant Sweet), with four replicates. One cladode was planted per pot (experimental unit) with a capacity of 7 kg of soil (24 x 17 x 23 cm). During the experimental period, the plants' structural characteristics were evaluated, such as plant height and width, length, width, thickness, and perimeter of the cladode, as well as accounting for the number of total cladodes, and in order of appearance. At the end of the experiment, biomass was evaluated to determine the fresh matter (FM) and dry matter (DM) yield of the aerial part and the root system. After determining the DM, the potassium content in the plant tissues was determined. The data were submitted to ANOVA and, if necessary, to the Tukey test at a 5% significance level. The potassium fertilization and the forage palm clones did not exert influences based on the variables evaluated during the experimental conduction. Potassium fertilization does not influence the structural and productive characteristics and the potassium content in the N. cochenillifera clones' initial growth.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de adubação potássica no crescimento inicial de clones de palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck). O experimento foi conduzido durante seis meses, disposto em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo cinco níveis de adubação potássica (0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 Kg de K2O ha-1) e dois clones de palma forrageira (Doce Gigante e Doce Miúda), com quatro repetições. Foi plantado um cladódio por vaso (unidade experimental) com capacidade para 7 kg de solo (24 x 17 x 23 cm). Ao longo do período experimental, foram avaliadas as características estruturais das plantas, tais como altura e largura de planta, comprimento, largura, espessura e perímetro de cladódio, bem como contabilização do número de cladódios total e por ordem de surgimento. Ao final do experimento avaliou-se a biomassa, para determinação do rendimento de massa fresca (MV) e seca (MS) da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Após a determinação de MS, determinou-se o teor potássico nos tecidos vegetais. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA e, caso necessário, ao teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. A adubação potássica e os clones de palma forrageira não exerceram influências significativas nas variáveis avaliadas durante a condução experimental. A adubação potássica não influencia as características estruturais, produtivas e teor potássico no crescimento inicial de clones de Nopalea cochenillifera.(AU)

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the total or partial replacement of Tifton 85 hay (TH) by cassava foliage hay (CH) and/or spineless cactus (SC) on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of confined lambs. Thirty-five Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred lambs were used, with an initial average weight of 16.0 ± 1.9 kg, fed with five treatment diets: 70% TH, 70% CH, 35% TH + 35% CH, 35% TH + 35% SC, and 35% CH + 35% SC. After 90 days of confinement, the animals were slaughtered and the carcass and meat data were compared using the Tukey test at 5%. The partial replacement of TH by SC increased the cold carcass weight by 3.9 kg (p < .05). The proportion of fat (%) increased (p < .05) when TH was replaced by CH + SC. The intensity of red (a*) was lower (p < .05) in the meat of animals fed with CH or CH + SC. It is recommended to partially replace TH with SC, or to replace totally with CH in association with SC.

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance of diets for finishing sheep, containing leucaena hay as a source of effective fibre and forage palm. Twenty-one male sheep were used in a randomized block design with three treatments, represented by total diets, where the forage was leucaena hay and forage palm in natura in proportions 350:650, 450:550 and 550:450 g/kg respectively. For the pH and NH3 -N in the ruminal fluid, and urea in the blood serum, plots split in time were adopted. Dry matter and nutrient digestibility, and the nitrogen balance were not influenced (p > .05) by the diets. The neutral detergent fibre digestibility decreased (p < .05) as the proportions of leucaena hay in the diets increased. The pH and NH3 -N were suitable for ruminal fermentation, and blood urea was maintained under normal physiological conditions for sheep. Combining 350 to 550 g/kg of leucaena hay with 450 to 650 g/kg of forage palm in total diets with a forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40 in late-maturing sheep meets the nutritional requirements for daily gain 200 g, characterizing leucaena hay as important source of effective fibre and nutrients in diets.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacement maniçoba hay by spineless cactus on the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of confined lambs. Thirty-two male lambs, with an average body weight of 20.8 ±â€¯2.9 kg, were fed with different levels of spineless cactus in replacement for 0, 33, 66 or 100% of maniçoba hay (i.e. 0, 200, 400, 600 g kg-1 of dietary DM). The replacement maniçoba hay by spineless cactus did not influence dry matter intake (g d-1) and cold carcass weight (P > .05), but increased (P < .05) the carcass finishing fat but did not influence (P < .05) the physical characteristics of the lambs' meat. Lower values for odor, flavor and purchase intention of meat were observed with 66% of replacement. Therefore, replacement of 33% maniçoba hay by spineless cactus can be recommended as optimal level, because it improve the fattening of the carcass, without causing negative effects on performance or meat quality.

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BACKGROUND: The use of spineless cactus in finishing diets for lambs improves the carcass quality. However, data about its influence on meat traits is very scarce. The effects of spineless cactus inclusion in the finishing diet of lambs at four levels (0, 150, 300 and 450 g kg-1 of dry matter, DM) in replacement of Tifton hay on the physicochemical and sensory properties of meat were studied. RESULTS: The spineless cactus modified the chemical composition increasing the protein (P < 0.001) and the fat (P < 0.01) contents of meat, presenting the greatest values in lambs fed diets with 150 and 300 g kg-1 (DM) replacing levels, respectively. However, the spineless cactus did not influence the growth performance from 23.7 to 37.3 kg of body weight (on average). In addition, colour parameters of the meat were not affected by the inclusion of spineless cactus in the finishing diet of lambs, resulting in mean values of 37.55, 14.96 and 8.49 for lightness, redness and yellowness, respectively. There were no statistical differences among treatments for cooking loss and shear force, with mean values of 34.8% and 14.8 N, respectively. Finally, the sensorial properties were not affected by the inclusion of spineless cactus in the finishing diet of lambs. CONCLUSION: Spineless cactus could be included up to the level of 300 g kg-1 DM in the finishing diets of lambs to increase the fat content of meat without compromising its sensorial properties. However, further studies about the fatty acid composition of meat from lambs fed diets containing spineless cactus are necessary. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

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A lack of water in livestock production can limit the performance of the animals; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water restriction on the growth performance of sheep that were fed forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). Forty-two male sheep were used, with an average age and weight of ±100 days and 18.75 ± (2,05) kg , respectively, and they were fed diets containing concentrate, mineral mixture and three levels of substitution (30, 50 and 70%) of Tifton hay with forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). The animals were slaughtered when they reached 32 kg (± 1 kg) of body weight or 90 days. The experimental design was a 3x2 factorial arrangement, forage cactus (30, 50, 70%) x water (with or without water) plus a control group (n=6). Variables were analyzed using Tukey and Dunnett's test at 5% with PROC GLM in SAS software. Voluntary water intake and dry matter intake (DMI) decreased with the inclusion of forage cactus; however, preformed water intake and total water intake increased with the inclusion of forage cactus. Water restriction and its interaction with the treatments had no effect on animal performance. Daily weight gain was higher for the diets with 30 and 50%forage cactus inclusion, at 174 and 155 g, respectively, compared with 90 g for the control diet. Cactus, therefore, can be used as a food supplement and water resource.(AU)

A falta de água na produção pecuária pode ser um fator limitante para o bom desempenho dos animais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da restrição total de água na dieta de ovinos, alimentados com palma forrageira sobre o desempenho produtivo. Foram utilizados 42 ovinos, machos, com idade e peso médio de ±100 dias e 18,75± (2,05)kg, respectivamente; alimentados com dietas de 0, 30 50 e 70% de inclusão de palma forrageira. Os animais foram abatidos quando atingiam o peso de 32kg (± 1 kg) ou 90 dias em confinamento. O desenho experimental foi arranjo fatorial 3x2, inclusão de palma (30, 50 70%) x água (com água ou sem água). As variáveis foram analisadas utilizando o teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, pelo programa PROC GLM do SAS. Os consumos voluntários de água e de matéria seca diminuíram (P<0,05) com a inclusão de palma forrageira nas dietas, porém o consumo de água através dos alimentos e consumo total água aumentaram com a inclusão de palma forrageira (P<0,05). A restrição de água e a interação com os níveis de palma não teve influencia no desempenho dos animais (P>0,05). O ganho de peso diário foi maior para os tratamentos com 30 e 50% de inclusão de palma, com ganhos de 174 e 155 g, respectivamente, comparado com a dieta controle que obteve ganho médio de 90 g. A palma forrageira pode ser utilizada eficientemente como suplemento alimentar e fonte única de água na dieta.(AU)

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RESUMO

A lack of water in livestock production can limit the performance of the animals; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water restriction on the growth performance of sheep that were fed forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). Forty-two male sheep were used, with an average age and weight of ±100 days and 18.75 ± (2,05) kg , respectively, and they were fed diets containing concentrate, mineral mixture and three levels of substitution (30, 50 and 70%) of Tifton hay with forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). The animals were slaughtered when they reached 32 kg (± 1 kg) of body weight or 90 days. The experimental design was a 3x2 factorial arrangement, forage cactus (30, 50, 70%) x water (with or without water) plus a control group (n=6). Variables were analyzed using Tukey and Dunnett's test at 5% with PROC GLM in SAS software. Voluntary water intake and dry matter intake (DMI) decreased with the inclusion of forage cactus; however, preformed water intake and total water intake increased with the inclusion of forage cactus. Water restriction and its interaction with the treatments had no effect on animal performance. Daily weight gain was higher for the diets with 30 and 50%forage cactus inclusion, at 174 and 155 g, respectively, compared with 90 g for the control diet. Cactus, therefore, can be used as a food supplement and water resource.

A falta de água na produção pecuária pode ser um fator limitante para o bom desempenho dos animais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da restrição total de água na dieta de ovinos, alimentados com palma forrageira sobre o desempenho produtivo. Foram utilizados 42 ovinos, machos, com idade e peso médio de ±100 dias e 18,75± (2,05)kg, respectivamente; alimentados com dietas de 0, 30 50 e 70% de inclusão de palma forrageira. Os animais foram abatidos quando atingiam o peso de 32kg (± 1 kg) ou 90 dias em confinamento. O desenho experimental foi arranjo fatorial 3x2, inclusão de palma (30, 50 70%) x água (com água ou sem água). As variáveis foram analisadas utilizando o teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, pelo programa PROC GLM do SAS. Os consumos voluntários de água e de matéria seca diminuíram (P0,05). O ganho de peso diário foi maior para os tratamentos com 30 e 50% de inclusão de palma, com ganhos de 174 e 155 g, respectivamente, comparado com a dieta controle que obteve ganho médio de 90 g. A palma forrageira pode ser utilizada eficientemente como suplemento alimentar e fonte única de água na dieta.

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Objetivou-se avaliar balanço hídrico e excreção renal de metabólitos em borregos sem raça definida, alimentados com diferentes quantidades de palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck), na forma in natura e em farelo. Foram utilizados 20 borregos, com peso vivo médio inicial de 20 Kg e foram distribuídos no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. As dietas experimentais consistiram em uma dieta controle à base de feno de tífton, farelo de soja, suplemento mineral e calcário, os demais tratamentos visaram testar níveis diferentes de palma forrageira corrigida com ureia em duas formas: in natura e farelada e em dois níveis de substituição (50 e 100%) da matéria seca do feno de tífton. Amostras de sangue e urina foram coletadas para determinação de diferentes metabólitos e minerais e utilização de equações para obtenção dos índices de excreção urinária destes metabólitos, taxa de depuração endógena de creatinina e reabsorção de água livre de eletrólitos, além do registro de ingestão de água e volume de urina. A ingestão voluntária de água sofreu influência das dietas, sendo que os animais submetidos às dietas contendo farelo de palma e feno e farelo de palma foram superiores aos demais tratamentos. A ingestão de água via alimentos também sofreu influência da dieta, sendo maior nos animais que receberam palma in natura e farelo mais palma in natura. Com relação à ingestão total de água foi maior para os animais alimentados com dietas contendo palma in natura em relação aos demais tratamentos. As dietas experimentais influenciaram na excreção renal de metabólitos derivados purínicos e minerais, sem alterar a função renal. A presença da palma forrageira tanto na condição de farelo como in natura proporciona aumento do volume urinário sem alterar a função renal, além de que deve ser considerado como uma excelente estratégia alimentar no semiárido.

This study aimed to assess fluid balance and renal excretion of metabolites in lambs without defined breed standard, fed different forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck), in natura and bran. 20 lambs were used, with initial body weight of 20 kg and were distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and four repetitions. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on Bermuda grass hay, soybean meal, limestone and mineral supplement, other treatments aimed at testing different levels of cactus pear plus urea in two forms: fresh and mash and two levels of substitution (50 and 100%) of dry matter of hay. Blood and urine samples were collected for determination of different metabolites and minerals and use of equations to determine the rates of urinary excretion of these metabolites, rate of endogenous creatinine clearance and electrolyte reabsorption of free water, in addition to recording of water intake and urine volume. The voluntary water intake was influenced by the diets, and the animals subjected to diets containing soybean meal and hay palm and cactus meal were higher than other treatments. Water intake via food was also influenced by diet, being higher in animals fed palm fresh and bran over palm in nature. With respect to total water intake was greater for cows fed diets containing palm in nature compared to the other treatments. The experimental diets influenced the renal excretion of purine metabolites and minerals derived, without changing renal function. The presence of cactus pear both as bran as in nature provides increased urine volume without changing renal function, and to be considered as an excellent food strategy in semiarid.

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This study aimed to evaluate the production of varieties of irrigated forage cactus in family farming properties with ruminant in southern Piauí. The design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (2x3), with six replications. Regarding the location there was a higher production in the municipality of Julio Borges, regardless of the variety of palm. The varieties of spineless cactus Doce Míuda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana have higher fresh mass forage production in both locations.

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This study aimed to evaluate the production of varieties of irrigated forage cactus in family farming properties with ruminant in southern Piauí. The design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (2x3), with six replications. Regarding the location there was a higher production in the municipality of Julio Borges, regardless of the variety of palm. The varieties of spineless cactus Doce Míuda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana have higher fresh mass forage production in both locations.(AU)

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Objetivou-se avaliar balanço hídrico e excreção renal de metabólitos em borregos sem raça definida, alimentados com diferentes quantidades de palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck), na forma in natura e em farelo. Foram utilizados 20 borregos, com peso vivo médio inicial de 20 Kg e foram distribuídos no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. As dietas experimentais consistiram em uma dieta controle à base de feno de tífton, farelo de soja, suplemento mineral e calcário, os demais tratamentos visaram testar níveis diferentes de palma forrageira corrigida com ureia em duas formas: in natura e farelada e em dois níveis de substituição (50 e 100%) da matéria seca do feno de tífton. Amostras de sangue e urina foram coletadas para determinação de diferentes metabólitos e minerais e utilização de equações para obtenção dos índices de excreção urinária destes metabólitos, taxa de depuração endógena de creatinina e reabsorção de água livre de eletrólitos, além do registro de ingestão de água e volume de urina. A ingestão voluntária de água sofreu influência das dietas, sendo que os animais submetidos às dietas contendo farelo de palma e feno e farelo de palma foram superiores aos demais tratamentos. A ingestão de água via alimentos também sofreu influência da dieta, sendo maior nos animais que receberam palma in natura e farelo mais palma in natura. Com relação à ingestão total de água foi maior para os animais alimentados com dietas contendo palma in natura em relação aos demais tratamentos. As dietas experimentais influenciaram na excreção renal de metabólitos derivados purínicos e minerais, sem alterar a função renal. A presença da palma forrageira tanto na condição de farelo como in natura proporciona aumento do volume urinário sem alterar a função renal, além de que deve ser considerado como uma excelente estratégia alimentar no semiárido.(AU)

This study aimed to assess fluid balance and renal excretion of metabolites in lambs without defined breed standard, fed different forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck), in natura and bran. 20 lambs were used, with initial body weight of 20 kg and were distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and four repetitions. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on Bermuda grass hay, soybean meal, limestone and mineral supplement, other treatments aimed at testing different levels of cactus pear plus urea in two forms: fresh and mash and two levels of substitution (50 and 100%) of dry matter of hay. Blood and urine samples were collected for determination of different metabolites and minerals and use of equations to determine the rates of urinary excretion of these metabolites, rate of endogenous creatinine clearance and electrolyte reabsorption of free water, in addition to recording of water intake and urine volume. The voluntary water intake was influenced by the diets, and the animals subjected to diets containing soybean meal and hay palm and cactus meal were higher than other treatments. Water intake via food was also influenced by diet, being higher in animals fed palm fresh and bran over palm in nature. With respect to total water intake was greater for cows fed diets containing palm in nature compared to the other treatments. The experimental diets influenced the renal excretion of purine metabolites and minerals derived, without changing renal function. The presence of cactus pear both as bran as in nature provides increased urine volume without changing renal function, and to be considered as an excellent food strategy in semiarid.(AU)

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