RESUMO
Brua is an Afro-Caribbean religion and healing tradition predominantly practised on the ABC islands of the former Netherlands Antilles. It is grounded in oral tradition and shrouded in strict social taboos. Existing literature suggests that the majority of people on and from the islands are familiar with Brua and that it plays a substantial role in shaping their illness conception and idioms of distress. A lack of knowledge of Brua may therefore lead biomedically trained health professionals to misdiagnose these patients. This article discusses how religious beliefs related to Brua influence the illness concepts and idioms of distress of psychiatric patients originating from the ABC Islands, based on semi-structured interviews with former islanders receiving treatment at a psychiatric institute in the Netherlands. We found that of the 29 interviewees, 93.1% knew what Brua involved, 72.4% believed in it, 48.2% had first-hand experience with Brua practices, and 34.5% attributed their mental illness to Brua with greater or lesser certainty. However, only one patient had previously discussed her belief in Brua with her psychiatrist and only when asked to do so. The role of psychoactive substances in the context of Brua practices was negligible. Thus, the present study indicates that the majority of psychiatric patients from the ABC islands are familiar with Brua, but feel reluctant to discuss their concerns in this area with mental health professionals. Recommendations for clinical practice and further research are provided, including the need for a culture-sensitive approach and integrative care.
Assuntos
Transtornos Mentais , Aruba , Países Baixos Caribenhos , Curaçao , Feminino , Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Países BaixosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of work-related diseases, injuries, and complaints in Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao and to identify some next steps in the prevention process. METHODS: All of the three countries' 18 occupational health specialists were asked to participate; 100 percent agreed to report all work-related diseases, injuries, and complaints in 2004-2008. A standard online notification form was used to register cases in a database maintained by the Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases (NCOD). The public health service of Curaçao analyzed the data and presented the results to the participating physicians during educational and feedback meetings. RESULTS: During the study period, 1 519 cases were reported: 720 (47.0 percent) work-related diseases; 515 (34.0 percent) injuries; and 284 (19.0 percent) complaints. The mean patient age was 42.4 years (range 16-70 years); 924 (60.8 percent) were males and 571 (37.6 percent), females. Most frequently reported were musculoskeletal diseases, injuries, and complaints; mental health disorders; and skin injuries. Analysis showed incidence rates of work-related diseases, injuries, and complaints in Aruba to be 157 new cases per 100 000 employee years; in Bonaire, 53/100 000; and in Curaçao, 437/100 000. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that labor protection laws need improvement and that preventive action should be fostered. Further study is needed on working conditions, preventive policy, and the quality of occupational health and safety practices in Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao. Funding is imperative for collecting and publishing accurate data, which will keep this problem on the social-political agenda.
OBJETIVO: Calcular la incidencia de enfermedades, lesiones y síntomas relacionados con el trabajo en Aruba, Bonaire y Curazao e identificar los pasos siguientes en el proceso de prevención. MÉTODOS: Se invitó a participar a los 18 especialistas en salud ocupacional de los tres países; todos aceptaron notificar todas las enfermedades, lesiones y síntomas relacionados con el trabajo entre el 2004 y el 2008. Se usó un formulario estándar de notificación en línea para registrar los casos en una base de datos mantenida por el Centro para las Enfermedades Ocupacionales de los Países Bajos. El servicio de salud pública de Curazao analizó los datos y presentó los resultados a los médicos participantes durante las reuniones educativas y de retroalimentación. RESULTADOS: Durante el período del estudio se notificaron 1 519 casos relacionados con el trabajo: 720 (47,0 por ciento) enfermedades, 515 (34,0 por ciento) lesiones y 284 (19,0 por ciento) síntomas. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue 42,4 años (recorrido, 16-70 años); 924 (60,8 por ciento) eran varones y 571 (37,6 por ciento), mujeres. Se notificaron con mayor frecuencia las enfermedades, lesiones y síntomas musculoesqueléticos; los trastornos mentales; y las lesiones cutáneas. El análisis mostró tasas de incidencia de enfermedades, lesiones y síntomas relacionados con el trabajo de 157 nuevos casos por 100 000 empleados por año en Aruba, 53/100 000 en Bonaire y 437/100 000 en Curazao. CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados indican que las leyes de protección laboral deben mejorarse y que deben promoverse las medidas preventivas. Es necesario llevar a cabo otros estudios sobre las condiciones de trabajo, los planes de prevención y la calidad de la salud ocupacional y las prácticas de seguridad en Aruba, Bonaire y Curazao. Se requiere financiamiento para recopilar y publicar datos exactos, a fin de mantener este problema en la agenda política y social.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Incidência , Antilhas Holandesas/epidemiologia , Sistema de RegistrosRESUMO
PIP: This one-page article examines recent trends in migration from the Caribbean to the Netherlands. "The number of immigrants from the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba has risen since 1994. This increase is probably due to the economic situation in these countries." (EXCERPT)^ieng
Assuntos
Economia , Emigração e Imigração , América , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Dinâmica Populacional , Índias OcidentaisRESUMO
PIP: The author provides data on the Surinamese and Netherlands Antilles population living in the Netherlands on January 1, 1994. Data are provided on sex, age, total fertility rate, death rate, marriage rate, and nationality. (SUMMARY IN ENG)^ieng
Assuntos
Distribuição por Idade , Coeficiente de Natalidade , Etnicidade , Casamento , Mortalidade , Distribuição por Sexo , Estatística como Assunto , Fatores Etários , América , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Europa (Continente) , Fertilidade , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Características da População , Dinâmica Populacional , Fatores Sexuais , América do Sul , SurinameRESUMO
PIP: The authors provide data from a 1992 enumeration taken from computerized municipal population registers in the Netherlands. Information is included on characteristics of persons born in Suriname, the Netherlands Antilles, and Aruba who live in the Netherlands. (SUMMARY IN ENG)^ieng
Assuntos
Emigração e Imigração , Características da População , Características de Residência , Estatística como Assunto , Migrantes , América , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Dinâmica Populacional , Pesquisa , América do Sul , Suriname , Índias OcidentaisRESUMO
"This article deals tentatively with the issue of [labor] migration within an area of the periphery, the Caribbean. Over approximately the last century migration within this area has coexisted with emigration towards North America and the former 'mother countries' in Europe. The focus is on three specific cases: Aruba in the Dutch Antilles, Suriname (former Dutch Guyana) and the island of Hispaniola ([Dominican Republic] and Haiti). These three cases bear evidence to a number of developments in legal and illegal migration today." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)
Assuntos
Emigração e Imigração , Emprego , Migrantes , América , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , República Dominicana , Economia , Haiti , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Dinâmica Populacional , Pesquisa , América do Sul , SurinameRESUMO
PIP: The Netherlands Antilles is the former name for the 5 islands called "the Antilles of the Five" (Curacao, Bonaire, St Maarten, St Eustatius, and Saba) and the separatist (since 1986) island of Aruba, which has its own prime minister (Henny Eamon -- the prime minister of the other 5 islands is Don Martina). The total 1988 population is 264,000. They enjoy one of the highest standards of living among the developing countries, with a per capita gross national product of $1610 guilder ($15,390 (US). Health services, life expectancy, and political freedom are excellent, due mainly to Dutch standards and aid. The position of women is also generally progressive. Literacy is excellent despite the different languages used (Dutch and Papiamento in Curacao, Bonaire and Aruba; English in St Maarten, St Eustatius, and Saba). Since the 2 major industries (oil refining and offshore financial services) have collapsed, tourism is limited mainly to the Windward Islands (St Eustatius and Saba), and there is no agriculture or fishing, the country's high standard of living is due to $530 million of Dutch aid, on which the country relies. Aruba will become independent in 1996, a future opposed by nearly all the 67,000 islanders, who fear it will mean the loss of Dutch aid.^ieng
Assuntos
Economia , Administração Financeira , Indústrias , Cooperação Internacional , Pesquisa , Agricultura , América , Região do Caribe , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Escolaridade , Renda , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , Classe SocialRESUMO
"A multivariate analysis of the 1985 Quality of Life-Survey among Surinam and Antillean born persons in the Netherlands reveals some telling results about their fertility. For both groups a low current number of children is associated with a high educational level, no religion, a long stay in the Netherlands, an urban environment and--only in the case of females--employment. To a lesser extent, the same holds true for education attended (partly) in the Netherlands and having a Dutch partner." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
Assuntos
Escolaridade , Emigração e Imigração , Emprego , Etnicidade , Características da Família , Fertilidade , Estado Civil , Religião , Características de Residência , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de Tempo , Migrantes , População Urbana , Urbanização , América , Região do Caribe , Cultura , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Economia , Europa (Continente) , Geografia , Casamento , Análise Multivariada , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Características da População , Dinâmica Populacional , América do Sul , SurinameRESUMO
The return migration policy of the Netherlands and the probability of its success are assessed, with the focus on migrants from the Netherlands Antilles. Factors associated with return migration are studied using data from a sample survey and from other published sources. Age, educational status, and social welfare in the Netherlands show significant correlations with desire to return to the Netherlands Antilles. "Those who have actually returned belong to the higher social strata of the migrant group; having a job in the West Indies matters much more to them than housing conditions.... It is concluded that the Netherlands should increase their financial contribution to the system of social welfare in the West Indies and even more so to the economic development of these islands." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
Assuntos
Fatores Etários , Economia , Escolaridade , Emigração e Imigração , Emprego , Motivação , Política Pública , Classe Social , Seguridade Social , Migrantes , América , Comportamento , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Características da População , Dinâmica Populacional , Psicologia , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
PIP: Demographic characteristics of residents of the Netherlands who are of Surinamese or Antillean origin are examined using official data. The size of these migrant groups, age and sex distribution, fertility, mortality, nuptiality, and international migration rates are discussed for the period 1971-1986. Comparisons are made with demographic indicators for the total population of the Netherlands. (SUMMARY IN ENG)^ieng
Assuntos
Distribuição por Idade , Demografia , Emigração e Imigração , Etnicidade , Fertilidade , Casamento , Mortalidade , Características da População , Dinâmica Populacional , Características de Residência , Distribuição por Sexo , Migrantes , Fatores Etários , América , Região do Caribe , Cultura , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Fatores Sexuais , América do Sul , SurinameRESUMO
PIP: The dynamics of the population resident in the Netherlands of Netherlands Antilles or Suriname origin are described for the period 1971-1986. This population represented about 1.6 percent of the total population of the Netherlands in 1986. Consideration is given to differences in fertility and mortality between this population and the Dutch population as a whole. (SUMMARY IN ENG)^ieng
Assuntos
Etnicidade , Fertilidade , Mortalidade , Dinâmica Populacional , América , Região do Caribe , Cultura , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Características da População , América do Sul , SurinameRESUMO
"The increase in the number of aliens in the Netherlands has slowed down considerably since 1980. Nevertheless, we can still speak of significant changes in the alien population. This article gives a brief description of these changes in 1984 and looks at differences with the recent past.... Some preliminary figures on changes in the alien population in the first half of 1985 are also given. The article concludes with a summary of the (annually) available figures on aliens in the Netherlands." Data are included on people born in Suriname or the Netherlands Antilles who have Dutch nationality.
Assuntos
Emigração e Imigração , Etnicidade , Migrantes , América , Região do Caribe , Cultura , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Características da População , Dinâmica Populacional , América do Sul , SurinameRESUMO
PIP: The demographic characteristics of Netherlands inhabitants who are of Surinamese or Antillean origin are described. Developments concerning these populations, which currently make up about 1.5 percent of the total population of the Netherlands, during the period 1971-1984 are outlined. Fertility differences among these populations and the population of the Netherlands as a whole are analyzed. Detailed statistical tables for each year from 1971 to 1984 are included. (summary in ENG)^ieng
Assuntos
Etnicidade , Fertilidade , Grupos Minoritários , Características da População , Dinâmica Populacional , América , Região do Caribe , Cultura , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Europa (Continente) , Países Baixos , Antilhas Holandesas , América do Norte , População , Pesquisa , América do Sul , Estatística como Assunto , SurinameRESUMO
PIP: This discussion of the Netherlands Antilles focuses on the following: geography, the people, history, government, political conditions, economy, and foreign relations. In 1980 the population totaled 253,400 with an annual growth rate of 1%. The Netherlands Antilles consists of 2 groups of 3 islands each, situated in the Caribbean Sea about 880 kilometers apart. 40 nationalities are represented. Dutch is the official language, but Spanish and English are spoken widely. Alonzo de Ojeda, a Spanish navigator, landed on Curacao in 1499, and in 1527 the Spanish took possession of Curacao, Bonaire, and Aruba. In 1634 the 3 islands passed to the Netherlands, where they have remained except for 2 short periods during the Napoleonic wars when the British ruled at Willemstad. According to the statute of 1954, which serves as the constitution, the Netherlands Antilles has a constitutional and parliamentary form of government. The highest power in the Kingdom of the Netherlands is the sovereign, Queen Beatrix, who is represented in the Antilles by an appointed governor. The independent court system is under the control of the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Justice. Each of the island territories has its own representative body, the Island Council. Politics are dominated by 3 issues: economic problems, the prospect of independence, and Aruban separatism. The economic well-being of the Netherlands Antilles is based principally on the operations of 2 huge oil refineries. Because of the high volume of shipments in and out of the 2 islands, Curacao and Aruba ports are among the busiest in the world. Until recently, petroleum or petroleum products accounted for about 85% of the dollar volume of imports and exports from the Netherlands Antilles. That figure has declined with the worldwide oil glut, and the refineries are using only 50-60% of capacity. The next most important industries are tourism and offshore investment and banking. The per capita income in the Antilles is one of the highest in the Western Hemisphere. Almost all agricultural and commercial goods are imported. As an integral part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Antilles does not have direct relations with any foreign country except as authorized specifically by the Dutch government in The Hague. The US wants to maintain and expand the traditionally friendly official and commercial relations that have existed since 1776.^ieng