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Social relatedness is a basic psychological need to experience satisfaction of interpersonal acceptance and closeness with others. In this experiment, the effects of social relatedness on the learning of a task (hitting a ball with a racket toward a target) were tested in adolescents. Participants were assigned to three experimental groups. After a pre-test and before practice, participants in the relatedness support (RS) condition received instructions emphasizing recognition, importance, and interest in the participant's experience. Participants in the relatedness frustration (RF) condition received instructions emphasizing disinterest in the participant as a person. Control participants did not receive specific relatedness instructions. One day later, they performed retention and transfer tests. Questionnaires measured participants' motivational and affective levels. The results showed that supporting the relatedness need enhances task learning in adolescents. Motivation and affective levels were also affected. The findings are the first to show that social relatedness affects adolescent's motor performance and learning and reveal underlying mechanisms implicated in such effects.

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A presente pesquisa objetivou construir um sistema de categorias de comportamentos observáveis de crianças com dificuldade de aprendizagem (DA), relacionado aos fatores afetivo-motivacionais, exibidos durante uma prova cognitiva de modalidade assistida. Observou-se e registraram-se os comportamentos de 10 crianças (8-10 anos) com DA, registradas em vídeo, executando uma prova assistida. Para registro cursivo desses comportamentos infantis, escolheu-se aleatoriamente uma fita por vez de 34 vídeos da atividade sendo realizada por 34 crianças até a repetição de comportamentos infantis e a diminuição da variabilidade comportamental nas situações observadas, totalizando 10 crianças observadas. Definiu-se 20 categorias, divididas em Facilitadoras e Não facilitadoras do desempenho, como Demonstrar impulsividade, Dar feedback e Pedir orientação. O nível de concordância foi calculado entre três juízes. Os resultados mostraram que 10 categorias alcançaram índices de fidedignidade acima de 70 por cento entre pelo menos dois juízes. Estas categorias são indicadas para avaliação dos aspectos afetivo-motivacionais em avaliação assistida, tais como Corrigir pergunta/resposta após dica/ajuda, Demonstrar querer interromper a tarefa e Reclamar/responder/ atender solicitação. Estudos futuros são sugeridos a fim de testar a aplicabilidade das categorias com baixos índices de concordância.

This research aimed to build a set of observed behaviors categories of children with learning disability related to affective-motivational factors exhibited during dynamic assessment. Ten children with learning disabilities aged 8-10 years old were videotaped while performing a dynamic testing and observation reports of these videotapes were made. In order to register these children behavior, one tape at a time was randomly chosen from 34 videotapes, which showed the task being performed by 34 children, until the moment when the behaviors started to repeat and the behavioral variability started to decrease, concluding 10 children observed. Twenty categories were defined, divided into Facilitating and Non-facilitating of child performance, for example: Showing impulsivity, Giving feedback, Asking for help. The level of agreement was calculated among three examiners. The results showed that 10 categories assessed by at least two examiners reached reliability of ratings higher than 70%. These categories are indicated to assess affective-motivational aspects in dynamic assessment, such as Correcting question/answer after hint/help; Showing willingness in stopping the task; and Complaining about answering/meeting requests. Future studies are suggested to test the applicability of the categories with low agreement ratings.

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Introducción: La educación continua es una herramienta básica para que la enfermera se capacite, actualice y adiestre en su práctica permitiéndole elevar la calidad de cuidado que brinda. Objetivo: Analizar los principales factores motivacionales en el personal de enfermería que influyen en la asistencia a cursos de educación continua de un hospital privado en la ciudad de México. Metodología: Se realizó estudio transversal, con 141 enfermeras que representaron 37.2% del universo, la recolección de datos fue a través de un instrumento autoadministrado cuya confiabilidad interna alcanzó 0.755 de alpha de Conbrach. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS V11.0. Resultados: Se trata de personal de enfermería predominantemente soltero, del sexo femenino y con nivel de estudios técnico. La motivación global para la asistencia a cursos se consideró adecuada, lo mismo que se autoperciben con habilidades y destrezas adecuadas para asistir a estos cursos. Es importante destacar que la relación entre las dimensiones, habilidades y destrezas, la importancia atribuida a la asistencia a cursos y el sentimiento hacia la conducta asistencia muestran fuerza de correlación media (r=+0.435, prob=0.001). Conclusiones: Los factores para la no asistencia a cursos de educación continua del personal de enfermería fueron: la falta de tiempo, recursos económicos, falta de reconocimiento institucional y ascenso laboral; mencionan que la actualización sí influye en la atención que se brinda al usuario.

Introduction: Continued education is a basic tool in order to the nurse gets trained, updated, and skilled in her practice allowing her to raise quality during the given care. Objective: Analyze the main motivational factors in the nursing staff that influence attendance to continued education courses in a private hospital in Mexico, City. Methodology: A transversal study was done with 141 nurses who represented 37.2% from the study group; data collection was done through a self conducted instrument whose internal reliability measure reached 0.755 on Cronbach's alpha. The statistical package SPSS V11.0 was utilized for analysis of data. Results: As it is shown, nursing staff is predominantly unmarried, female, and with technical level of education. The global motivation for attendance to courses was considered adequate; as well as the attendees are self perceived with adequate capabilities and skills to attend these courses. It is important to emphasize that the relation among dimensions, capabilities, and skills; the attributed importance for attendance to courses and the feeling toward the behavior of attendance, show a mean correlation force (r=+0.435, prob=0.001). Conclusions: The factors for no attendance to continued education courses of nursing staff were: lack of time, financial resources, lack of institutional recognition and raise position; which showed that actualization influence the care given to the user.

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