RESUMO

Los miomas o fibromas, son tumores benignos que aparecen frecuentemente en el útero, y aunque a veces pueden ser asintomáticos, en muchas mujeres son la razón más común de las intervenciones ginecológicas. Algunos autores consideran que la causa es desconocida, otros le dan valor al estímulo estrogénico mantenido o aumentado, que activa los genitoblastos, mesodérmico y celular embrionario que responden a este estímulo. Se presenta el caso de un fibroma uterino complicado con una necrobiosis séptica diagnosticada en una paciente de 63 años de edad. El apoyo diagnóstico con ultrasonografía es de vital importancia en la sospecha diagnóstica de este tipo tumor y sus complicaciones.

Myomas or fibroids are benign tumors that frequently appear in the uterus, and although they can sometimes be asymptomatic, in many women they are the most common reason for gynecological interventions. Some authors consider that the cause is unknown. Others give value to the maintained or increased estrogenic stimulus, which activates the embryonic cell, mesodermal and genitoblasts that respond to this stimulus. We present the case of a complicated uterine fibroid with a septic necrobiosis diagnosed in a 63-year-old patient. Ultrasonography is of vital importance in the diagnosis when there is suspicion of this type of tumor and its complications.

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Fundamento: el fibroma uterino constituye un problema de salud que afecta a las mujeres en edad reproductiva, los tratamientos electivos, basados en la cirugía y la embolización de la arteria uterina, aunque reportan éxito, son invasivos y riesgosos.Objetivo: evaluar los efectos del tratamiento combinado de la magnetoterapia con laserterapia y homeopatía en mujeres con mioma uterino, remitidas a la consulta de medicina natural y tradicional del policlínico universitario Rafael Izquierdo”, entre julio de 2015 y marzo de 2016.Métodos: se realizó una intervención en 25 mujeres entre 20 y 49 años, con diagnóstico de mioma uterino, en el periodo de tiempo y área antes mencionados. Las pacientes se distribuyeron al azar en dos grupos, al primero le fue aplicada la terapia combinada y al segundo el tratamiento hormonal (medroxiprogesterona). El seguimiento se hizo de forma clínica y por ultrasonograma, a los tres y seis meses después de culminar el tratamiento.Resultados: a los seis meses el grupo estudio redujo el tamaño del tumor en 21,34 mm3, más que el control; en este último, a los tres meses el 7,7 por ciento redujo intensamente el tumor, mientras en el 92,3 por ciento fue moderada; a los seis meses los pacientes con reducción intensa se incrementaron al 30,8 por ciento; en el grupo de estudio solo el 16,7 por ciento alcanzaron la reducción intensa del tumor. En la reducción del tamaño del útero no existieron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. La evolución clínica fue superior en el grupo control.Conclusiones: la terapia hormonal mostró mejores resultados clínicos y ultrasonográficos; en ambos tratamientos se demostró inocuidad (AU)

Background: uterine fibroma is a health problem that affects women in reproductive age. Elective treatments based on surgery and uterine arterial embolization, although successful, are invasive and risky.Objective: to assess the effects of a combined treatment with magnetic therapy, laser therapy and homeopathy in women with uterine myoma referred to the department of natural and traditional medicine at “Rafael Izquierdo” Teaching Polyclinic from July 2015 to March 2016.Methods: an intervention study was carried out with 25 women of the 20 to 49 age group with a diagnosis of uterine myoma, in the place and during the period herein mentioned. Patients were distributed at random into two groups. The first group received a combined therapy, while the second group received hormonal treatment (medroxiprogesterone). Follow-up was conducted clinically and by ultrasound, at 3 and 6 months after the end of the treatment. Results: at 6 months of treatment, the study group reduced the tumor size in 21, 34 mm3, more than in the control group; the latter, at 3 months, reduced the tumor intensively in 7,7 percent, while 92,3 percent was moderate. At 6 months, the patients with intense reduction increased to 30,8 percent. In the study group only 16,7 percent reached the intense reduction of the tumor. Concerning the reduction of the uterus size there were no remarkable differences between the two groups. Clinical progress was higher in the control group.Conclusions: Hormonal therapy showed better clinical and ultrasonographic results; both treatments were Harmless (AU)

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ANTECEDENTES: La prevalencia de los miomas uterinos en la gestación es de 0,3 a 2,6% de los cuales un 10% se complican durante el embarazo. El manejo quirúrgico de los miomas en la gestación se reserva solo para los casos complicados. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 36 años, primigesta, que consulta a las 11 semanas de gestación por cuadro de distensión abdominal, edema en extremidades inferiores y sangrado vaginal escaso. El examen físico y la ecografía evidencia un mioma de 23 cm de diámetro y saco gestacional con embrión vivo a nivel de hipocondrio izquierdo. En controles posteriores la paciente empeora clínicamente debido al crecimiento del mioma, presentado dolor abdominal intenso, aumento de edemas en ambas extremidades inferiores. Los estudios de imagen informan ectasia pielocalicial bilateral y compresión de venas ilíacas. Ante los hallazgos y clínica se realiza miomectomía sin incidencias a las 14 semanas de gestación. El postoperatorio y controles posteriores son normales y se programa cesárea a las 37 semanas de gestación. DISCUSIÓN: La miomectomía en la gestación conlleva riesgos de hemorragia y aborto. Se reserva para casos puntuales que no respondan al manejo expectante. La recomendación actual y la experiencia indican que se debe realizar en el segundo trimestre de gestación. CONCLUSIÓN: La miomectomía en la gestación es una técnica que se debe plantear en casos seleccionados y que presenta pocas complicaciones.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of uterine fibroids in pregnancy is 0.3 to 2.6%, 10% of which complicate during pregnancy. The surgical management of fibroids in pregnant women is reserved for complicated cases. CASE REPORT: The patient is 36 years old, first pregnancy, consulting at 11 weeks of gestation with bloating, edema in the lower extremities and mild vaginal bleeding. Physical examination and ultrasound evidence a 23 cm diameter fibroid and gestational sac with live embryo in the left upper abdominal quadrant. In subsequent tests the patient worsens clinically due to fibroid growth, presenting intense abdominal pain, increased edema in both lower extremities. Imaging studies report pyelocalyceal bilateral ectasia and compression of iliac veins. Given these findings and symptoms a myomectomy is performed without incidents at 14 weeks of gestation. Postoperative and subsequent tests are normal and caesarean section is preformed at 37 weeks of gestation. DISCUSSION: myomectomy in pregnancy carries risks of bleeding and abortion. It is reserved for cases that do not respond to expectant management. The current recommendation and experience indicate that it has to be performed in the second trimester. CONCLUSION: Myomectomy in pregnancy is a technique that should be considered in selected cases and has few complications.

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Se presentó una paciente de 32 años de edad, de la raza negra, con historia obstétrica de dos abortos espontáneos en el primer trimestre del embarazo, nulípara, que acudió a la Consulta de Ginecología en enero de 2010 en el Hospital de Kabgayi, Rwanda, África, y refirió aumento de volumen del abdomen y además, constipación, tenesmo vesical y sangrados abundantes, que le causaban anemia severa. Después del interrogatorio y examen físico se encontró una tumoración gigante de la cavidad abdominal que ocupaba todo el hemiabdomen inferior y sobrepasaba la cicatriz umbilical que parecía ser un mioma uterino, diagnóstico que se corroboró posteriormente con la ultrasonografía abdominal. Se decidió tratamiento quirúrgico con histerectomía total, y se obtuvo una pieza correspondiente a un mioma uterino con un peso de 4,7 kg.

A 32- year- old patient of black race, with obstetrical history of two spontaneous abortions in the first trimester of pregnancy, nullipara, who was attended at Gynecology Service in January 2010, Kabgayi Hospital in Rwanda, Africa. The patient´s abdomen increased and the clinical manifestations were constipation, vesiacal tenesmus and profuse bleeding that caused severe anemia. After the patient’s interview application and the physical examination was done a giant tumor of the abdominal cavity was found that filled the lower abdomen and surpassed the umbilicus that clinically impressed: a uterine myoma that was later confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography. Surgical treatment was performed with total hysterectomy, and showed a giant tumor of 4.7 kg.

RESUMO

Se presentó una paciente de 32 años de edad, de la raza negra, con historia obstétrica de dos abortos espontáneos en el primer trimestre del embarazo, nulípara, que acudió a la Consulta de Ginecología en enero de 2010 en el Hospital de Kabgayi, Rwanda, África, y refirió aumento de volumen del abdomen y además, constipación, tenesmo vesical y sangrados abundantes, que le causaban anemia severa. Después del interrogatorio y examen físico se encontró una tumoración gigante de la cavidad abdominal que ocupaba todo el hemiabdomen inferior y sobrepasaba la cicatriz umbilical que parecía ser un mioma uterino, diagnóstico que se corroboró posteriormente con la ultrasonografía abdominal. Se decidió tratamiento quirúrgico con histerectomía total, y se obtuvo una pieza correspondiente a un mioma uterino con un peso de 4, 7 kg(AU)

A ,32, year old patient of black race, with obstetrical history of two spontaneous abortions in the first trimester of pregnancy , nullipara, who was attended at Gynecology Service in January ,2010, Kabgayi Hospital in Rwanda, Africa. The patient´s abdomen increased andthe clinical manifestations were constipation, vesiacal tenesmus and profuse bleeding that caused severe anemia. After the patients interview application and the physical examinationwas done a giant tumor of the abdominal cavity was found that filled the lower abdomen andsurpassed the umbilicus that clinically impressed: a uterine myoma that was later confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography. Surgical treatment was performed with total hysterectomy, and showed a giant tumor of ,4.7, kg(AU)

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Os leiomiomas uterinos são tumores monoclonais que se originam de uma mutação somática em um miócito progenitor. Representam a neoplasia benigna mais comum do útero. A causa precisa relacionada ao seu desenvolvimento ainda não foi totalmente esclarecida. As apresentações clínicas mais frequentes são o sangramento anormal, a dor e pressão pélvicas, massa pélvica não diagnosticada anteriormente e infertilidade. O diagnóstico baseia-se na história clínica, no exame físico, que pode ser completamente normal em alguns casos, e nos achados de exames complementares, como a ultrassonografia endovaginal, a histerossonografia e a ressonância magnética. O tratamento varia de acordo com a apresentação clínica e pode ser expectante, clínico ou cirúrgico.

The uterine leiomyomas are monoclonal tumors that originate from a somatic mutation in a myocyte progenitor and are the most common benign tumor of the uterus. The precise cause related to its development has not been fully clarified. The most common clinical presentations are abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain and pressure, previously undiagnosed pelvic mass, and infertility. The diagnosis is based on clinical history, physical examination, which may be completely normal in some cases, and the findings of laboratory tests such as transvaginal ultrasound, the sonohysterography, MRI. Treatment varies according to clinical presentation and may be expectant, medical or surgical.

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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 76 pacientes atendidas en el Departamento de Ultrasonido del Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes de Bayamo, Granma, desde junio de 2011 hasta enero de 2012, con vistas a describir las características ecográficas del mioma uterino en mujeres con síntomas ginecológicos. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, color de la piel, hallazgos ecográficos y correspondencia entre el diagnostico presuntivo y el ecográfico. En la serie prevalecieron las diagnosticadas con mioma uterino, el grupo etario de 15-45 años y las féminas de piel negra. Asimismo, predominaron los miomas múltiples y de localización intramural. Las complicaciones que primaron fueron la degeneración quística y las calcificaciones. No hubo total correspondencia entre las indicaciones médicas presuntivas de miomas y el diagnóstico ecográfico definitivo(AU)

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 76 patients attended in the Ultrasound Department of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Hospital in Bayamo, Granma, from June 2011 to January 2012, in order to describe the sonographic characteristics of the uterine myoma in women with gynecological symptoms. Among the analyzed variables were age, race, sonographic findings and correspondence between the presumptive and sonographic diagnosis. Those diagnosed with uterine myoma, age group of 15-45 years and black women prevailed in the series. Also, multiple myomas and those of intramural location prevailed. Cystic degeneration and calcifications were the prevailing complications. There was not total correspondence between the presumptive medical indications of myomas and the final ultrasound diagnosis(AU)

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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 76 pacientes atendidas en el Departamento de Ultrasonido del Hospital "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" de Bayamo, Granma, desde junio de 2011 hasta enero de 2012, con vistas a describir las características ecográficas del mioma uterino en mujeres con síntomas ginecológicos. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, color de la piel, hallazgos ecográficos y correspondencia entre el diagnostico presuntivo y el ecográfico. En la serie prevalecieron las diagnosticadas con mioma uterino, el grupo etario de 15-45 años y las féminas de piel negra. Asimismo, predominaron los miomas múltiples y de localización intramural. Las complicaciones que primaron fueron la degeneración quística y las calcificaciones. No hubo total correspondencia entre las indicaciones médicas presuntivas de miomas y el diagnóstico ecográfico definitivo.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 76 patients attended in the Ultrasound Department of "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" Hospital in Bayamo, Granma, from June 2011 to January 2012, in order to describe the sonographic characteristics of the uterine myoma in women with gynecological symptoms. Among the analyzed variables were age, race, sonographic findings and correspondence between the presumptive and sonographic diagnosis. Those diagnosed with uterine myoma, age group of 15-45 years and black women prevailed in the series. Also, multiple myomas and those of intramural location prevailed. Cystic degeneration and calcifications were the prevailing complications. There was not total correspondence between the presumptive medical indications of myomas and the final ultrasound diagnosis.

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar las complicaciones asociadas a la miomectomía laparotómica y a la embolización de las arterias uterinas en mujeres con miomas sintomáticos. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo restrospectivo efectuado en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo desde el año 2008 al 2010. La población en estudio la conformaron aquellas mujeres sometidas a una miomectomía laparotómica o a una embolización de las arterias uterinas. Se recopilaron las complicaciones registradas en las historias clínicas de las pacientes tras las técnicas. Resultados: La tasa de complicaciones en el grupo de las pacientes sometidas a miomectomía fue de 15,2 por ciento; las más frecuentes fueron fiebre, anemia, necesidad de trasfusión y hematoma subcutáneo. La tasa de complicaciones en el grupo de embolización fue de 4,5 por ciento recogiéndose casos de síndrome postembolización, mioma parido y un caso de histerectomía. Conclusión: La adecuada indicación de cada técnica es fundamental para tener una baja tasa de complicaciones. Se debe tener en cuenta la sintomatología, tipo y número de miomas, edad y deseo genésico de cada paciente.

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the complications after laparotomy myomectomy and uterine artery embolization in women with symptomatic uterine leiomyoma. Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study of patients who were treated with embolization and myomectomy for leiomyomas from 2008-2010. Complications were measured. Results: The rate of complications collected in the myo-mectomy group was 15.2 percent; there were cases of fever, anemia, need for transfusion and subcutaneous hematoma. The rate of complications collected in the embolization group was 4.5 percent; there were cases of embolization syndrome, transcervical fibroid expulsion and a case of hysterectomy. Conclusion: The suitable indication of every tecnic is fundamental to have a low rate of complications. It is necessary to bear in mind the symptomatology, type and number of myomas and age and reproductive desire of each patient.

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Introducción: la hemorragia uterina anormal es cualquier sangrado que difiera del patrón menstrual, su prevalencia es del 30%. El 25% corresponden a causas orgánicas. Su importancia radica en que produce alteraciones sociales, sexuales, profesionales, temores de sufrir enfermedades ginecológicas malignas e implicaciones económicas. Objetivos: determinar la prevalencia de hemorragia uterina anormal de etiología orgánica e identificar los motivos de consulta, patologías causantes y tratamiento realizado. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal y retrospectivo, con revisión de 270 fichas de pacientes que acudieron al consultorio de Ginecología de la Cátedra y Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción entre enero 2007 a diciembre 2011. Resultados: la prevalencia de hemorragia uterina anormal de causa orgánica fue 16,3%. El principal motivo de consulta fue la hipermenorrea (63,3%). Los diagnósticos finales fueron mioma uterino (57%) y las patologías endometriales. La mayoría fue sometida a cirugía (71%) y 38% presentó anemia. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de hemorragia uterina anormal de causa orgánica fue 16,3%, siendo el mioma uterino su principal origen.

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is any bleeding that differs from menstrual pattern, its prevalence is 30%, of which 25% are of organic causes. Its importance lies in producing social, sexual and professional disturbances, fears of having malignant gynecological diseases and its economic implications. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding and identify organic etiology complaints, causing diseases and established treatment. Materials and methods: observational descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study with review of 270 records of patients who attended the office of Gynecology of the Chair and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Asunción between January 2007 to December 2011. Results: The prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding of organic cause was 16.3%. The chief complaint was menorrhagia (63.3%). Final diagnoses were uterine myoma (57%) and endometrial pathologies. Most underwent surgery (71%) and 38% had anemia. Conclusions: The prevalence of abnormal organic uterine bleeding causes was 16.3%, with uterine myoma as its main source.

RESUMO

El útero es un órgano del aparato ginecológico, sitio de muchas afecciones benignas y malignas. Las primeras, más frecuentes, y dentro de ellas está el mioma o fibroma uterino. Entre la tercera y quinta décadas de la vida es el tiempo en el que aparece mayormente esta afección en la mujer. Los síntomas son variables, en consecuencia de la localización del mioma (submucoso, intramural o subseroso). El crecimiento del útero es variable, puede ir desde pequeñas tumoraciones hasta grandes masas intraabdominales, que se hacen visibles y llegan a palparse en el mesogastrio. Sus complicaciones son las que la hacen acreedoras de tratamiento quirúrgico. Un gran crecimiento del útero a consecuencia de un mioma puede llegar a convertirlo en un mioma gigante. Se presenta esta paciente con el objetivo de alertar al médico que se encuentre ante la sospecha de un tumor gigante intraabdominal(AU)

Uterus is an organ of the gynecological tract, site of many of them benign and malignant affections. The first ones, more frequent, and including the myoma or uterine fibroma. Between the third and the fifth decades of life is the time in which this affection is more frequent in the woman. Symptoms are variables, as a result of the myoma location (submucous, intramural or subserous). The uterus growth is variable, may go from small tumors until large more evident intra-abdominal masses and to be enough palpable in the mesogastrium. Its complications are the reason for the surgical treatment. A significant growth of uterus caused by a myoma may become it in a giant myoma. The case of this patient is the objective to alert to physician facing the suspicion of a intra-abdominal giant tumor(AU)

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El útero es un órgano del aparato ginecológico, sitio de muchas afecciones benignas y malignas. Las primeras, más frecuentes, y dentro de ellas está el mioma o fibroma uterino. Entre la tercera y quinta décadas de la vida es el tiempo en el que aparece mayormente esta afección en la mujer. Los síntomas son variables, en consecuencia de la localización del mioma (submucoso, intramural o subseroso). El crecimiento del útero es variable, puede ir desde pequeñas tumoraciones hasta grandes masas intraabdominales, que se hacen visibles y llegan a palparse en el mesogastrio. Sus complicaciones son las que la hacen acreedoras de tratamiento quirúrgico. Un gran crecimiento del útero a consecuencia de un mioma puede llegar a convertirlo en un mioma gigante. Se presenta esta paciente con el objetivo de alertar al médico que se encuentre ante la sospecha de un tumor gigante intraabdominal(AU)

Uterus is an organ of the gynecological tract, site of many of them benign and malignant affections. The first ones, more frequent, and including the myoma or uterine fibroma. Between the third and the fifth decades of life is the time in which this affection is more frequent in the woman. Symptoms are variables, as a result of the myoma location (submucous, intramural or subserous). The uterus growth is variable, may go from small tumors until large more evident intra-abdominal masses and to be enough palpable in the mesogastrium. Its complications are the reason for the surgical treatment. A significant growth of uterus caused by a myoma may become it in a giant myoma. The case of this patient is the objective to alert to physician facing the suspicion of a intra-abdominal giant tumor(AU)

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Antecedentes: La embolización de arterias uterinas es un procedimiento que permite manejar patologías hemorrágicas ginecológicas y obstétricas de manera conservadora y mínimamente invasiva. Métodos: Revisión retrospectiva de casos tratados con embolización selectiva en nuestro Servicio desde su inicio en octubre de 2007. Objetivo: Conocer las indicaciones y resultados de esta técnica. Resultados: Seis casos por patología ginecológica y 7 de causa obstétrica fueron tratados con este procedimiento. El procedimiento fue factible y libre de complicaciones en todos los casos, siendo terapéutico en primera instancia en 12 de los 13 casos. En ningún caso se requirió un tratamiento complementario quirúrgico para cumplir el objetivo terapéutico planificado. Conclusiones: La embolización de arterias uterinas representa una excelente herramienta para tratar cuadros hemorrágicos graves del puerperio, deteniendo hemorragias activas con manejo conservador del útero. En casos de patología ginecológica, el resultado inmediato resulta adecuado, consiguiendo buen control de la hemorragia. Este procedimiento debe ser considerado como alternativa posible en el manejo de la patología hemorrágica obstétrica y ginecológica.

Background: The uterine artery embolization is a procedure that can manage haemorrhagic obstretrics and gynecologic pathologies, in a conservative fashion and minimally invasive. Method: Retrospective review of cases that had been treated in our institution since October 2007. Objectives: To know the indication and results of this technique. Results: Six cases were done for gynecologic indications and seven for obstetrics cases. The procedure was feasible and without complications in all cases, being therapeutic in 12 of 13 patients. There was no need of a surgical procedure in order to achieve the therapeutic objective. Conclusions: The uterine artery embolization can be used as an excellent tool in the management of postpartum haemorrhage, reducing the necessity to perform an hysterectomy. In gynecology cases, the results in bleeding response are good as well. This procedure should be considerate as an acceptable alternative in the management of obstetric and gynecologic haemorragic pathology.

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El útero es un órgano fundamental dentro del proceso reproductivo y participa en eventos claves, como el transporte espermático, la implantación y la nutrición fetal. Los miomas uterinos, las anomalías congénitas, los pólipos endometriales y las sinequias uterinas son las principales patologías uterinas en mujeres en edad reproductiva, y pueden ser causa de infertilidad, aborto recurrente o parto prematuro. De acuerdo a la evidencia, el tratamiento quirúrgico de miomas uterinos submucosos e intramurales (que distorsionan la cavidad uterina), pólipos endometriales y sinequias se asocia a un aumento significativo en las tasas de embarazo. El tratamiento quirúrgico del septum uterino disminuye significativamente la probabilidad de aborto a repetición y puede incrementar la probabilidad de embarazo en pacientes sin otra causa aparente de infertilidad. El tratamiento quirúrgico de miomas intramurales y subserosos (que no comprometen la cavidad endometrial) es controvertido y su indicación depende de la evaluación de cada caso en particular.

The uterus exerts an important role in the reproductive process and participates in key events, including sperm migration, embryo implantation and fetal nourishment. Uterine myomas, congenital anomalies, endometrial polyps and uterine synechia are the main diseases affecting women in reproductive age, and display a significant impact as asource of infertility, recurrent abortion or preterm labour. According to evidence, surgical treatment of submucous and intramural myomas (associated to uterine cavity distortion), endometrial polyps and uterine adhesions significantly improves pregnancy rates. Surgical treatment of uterine septum significantly decreases recurrent miscarriage rate and can increase odds of pregnancy in patients with no apparent cause of infertility. Surgical treatment in patients with intramural and subserous myomas (without endometrial cavity distortion) is controversial and treatment should be based on an individual basis.

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Se presenta el caso de una paciente que cursa con mioma uterino gigante y embarazo a término a quien se realiza cesárea, por la localización del mioma en la cara anterior del útero. La histerotomía se realiza por el fondo uterino; la cavidad abdominal se aborda a través de una incisión vertical media que abarca desde pubis hasta 8 cm por encima del ombligo. Se realizó seguidamente histerectomía abdominal total

We report the case of a patient with giant uterine myoma and term pregnancy that underwent cesarean section, for the location of the myoma in the anterior wall of the uterus. An hysterotomy was performed via uterine fundus and the abdominal cavity is addressed through half of a vertical incision extending from pubis up to 8 cm above navel. A total abdominal hysterectomy was subsequently performed

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Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 30 años de edad, que acudió a la consulta de ginecología en enero de 1999, refiriendo que su abdomen estaba muy grande y pensaba en un embarazo. Al examinarla se encontró un tumor abdominal que clínicamente impresionó: un mioma uterino, que después se corroboró por la prßctica de una ultrasonografía e histerosalpingografía(AU)

The case of a 30-year-old female patient that was seen at the gynecologist's office in 1999 because her abdomen was very big and she thought she was pregnant is presented. On examining her, it was found an abdominal tumor that was clinically impressive: a uterine myoma that was later confirmed by ultrasonography and histerosalpingography(AU)

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Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 30 años de edad, que acudió a la consulta de ginecología en enero de 1999, refiriendo que su abdomen estaba muy grande y pensaba en un embarazo. Al examinarla se encontró un tumor abdominal que clínicamente impresionó: un mioma uterino, que después se corroboró por la prßctica de una ultrasonografía e histerosalpingografía.

The case of a 30-year-old female patient that was seen at the gynecologist's office in 1999 because her abdomen was very big and she thought she was pregnant is presented. On examining her, it was found an abdominal tumor that was clinically impressive: a uterine myoma that was later confirmed by ultrasonography and histerosalpingography.

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RESUMO

Epidemiological and experimental data point to involvement of oxygen derived radicals in the pathogenesis of gynecological disorders, as well as in cancer development. The objective of the present study was to examine changes in activities and levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) in blood and endometrial tissue of patients diagnosed with uterine myoma, endometrial polypus, hyperplasia simplex, hyperplasia complex and adenocarcinoma endometrii. The results of our study have shown decreased SOD activities and unchanged SOD protein level in blood of all examined patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Decrease of both SOD activity and level was found in endometrium of patients with hyperplasia simplex, hyperplasia complex and adenocarcinoma in comparison to women with polypus or myoma. LOOH level was elevated in both tissues of patients with hyperplasiaor adenocarcinoma in comparison to healthy subjects or patients with benign diagnosis. Our findings suggest that the decrease in SOD activity and level, as well as the increase in LOOH level, in patients with gynecological disorders, render these patients more susceptible to oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). An imbalance in ROS formation and SOD level may be important in the pathogenesis and/or perpetuation of tissue damage in gynecological patients. Since evidence suggests that SOD may be a therapy target for cancer treatment, our findings provide a basis for further research and options for clinical applications.

Resultados epidemiológicos e experimentais apontam para o envolvimento dos radicais derivados do oxigênio na patogênese das moléstias ginecológicas, assim como no desenvolvimento do câncer. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de examinar as alterações nas atividades e níveis de Cu/Zn superóxido dismutase (CuZnSOD) e hidroperóxidos lipídicos (LOOH)no sangue e tecido endometrial de pacientes diagnosticados com mioma uterino, pólipo endometrial, hiperplasia simplex, hiperplasia complex e adenocarcinoma do endométrio. Os resultados de nosso estudo mostraram atividades de SOD diminuídas e nível de SOD proteína inalterado no sangue de todos os pacientes examinados em comparação a indivíduos saudáveis. Diminuição de ambos, atividade de SOD e nível protéico, foram encontrados no endométrio de pacientes com hiperplasia simplex, hiperplasia complex e adenocarcinoma em comparação às mulheres com pólipos e/ou mioma. O nível de LOOH estava elevado em ambos os tecidos de pacientes com hyperplasia e adenocarcinoma em comparação a indivíduos saudáveis ou pacientes com diagnóstico benigno. Nossos resultados sugerem que um decréscimo na atividade e nível protéico de SOD, assim como um incremento no nível de LOOH, em pacientes com desordens ginecológicas, tornam esses pacientes mais susceptíveis ao dano oxidativo causado pelas espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS). Um desequilíbrio na formação de ROS e no nível de SOD pode ser importante na patogênese e/ou perpetuação do dano tecidual em pacientes ginecológicos. Desde que existe evidência de que SOD pode ser um alvo para terapia de câncer, nossos resultados fornecem uma base para futura pesquisa e opções para aplicações clínicas.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and outcome of ethanol sclerotherapy for uterine myomata. This is a series of 20 patients (aged 20 to 40 years) with symptomatic uterine myomata submitted to ethanol sclerotherapy. The procedure was performed under sedation and guided by transvaginal ultrasound. The patients were followed clinically and ultrasonically (transvaginal sonography and color Doppler evaluation) one month and six months after treatment. The frequency of symptoms, intratumoral color flow mapping and tumoral size were analyzed. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used at a 5% level of significance. Postprocedure complications were not observed. A significant relief of dysmenorrhea was observed with one and six months and the frequency of pelvic pain and menorrhagia was significantly reduced with six months. A significant reduction of tumoral size was observed, from 89,4 cm3 (inicial volume) to 73,5 cm3 e 69,9 cm3 (one and six months, respectively). The frequency of intratumoral high blood flow was 80% before and 15% and 20% one and six months after the procedure (p=0,0001). It can be concluded that these preliminary results indicate that transvaginal ultrasound-guided ethanol sclerotherapy can be an effective treatment for uterine myomas when conservative management is preferable. Patient satisfaction was high and the procedure might become an accepted option for the treatment of uterine myomata.

O estudo avaliou a segurança, eficácia e resultados da técnica de alcoolização para tratamento da miomatose uterina. Analisou-se uma série de 20 pacientes (idade variando entre 20 e 40 anos) submetidas a alcoolização para tratamento de miomatose uterina sintomática. O procedimento foi realizado sob anestesia geral, guiado por ultra-sonografia transvaginal. Realizou-se seguimento clínico e ultra-sonográfico (ultra-sonografia transvaginal e doppler colorido) com um e seis meses depois do tratamento. Analisaram-se os parâmetros: frequência de sintomas, mapa vascular (doppler) e tamanho da tumoração. Utilizaram-se os testes do qui-quadrado e Mann-Whitney. Significância p 0,05. Não ocorreram complicações depois do procedimento. Observou-se alívio significativo da dismenorréia com um e seis meses e a frequência de dor pélvica e hipermenorragia reduziu-se significativamente com seis meses. Encontrou-se ainda uma significativa redução do tamanho tumoral, de 89,3cm³ (volume inicial) para 73,5cm³ e 69,9cm³ (um e seis meses, respectivamente). A frequência de padrão de alto fluxo intra-tumroal foi de 80% antes e 15% e 20% um e seis meses depois do procedimento (p=0,0001). Conclui-se que estes resultados preliminares indicam que a alcoolização guiada por ultra-sonografia pode constituir uma opção terapêutica efetiva para o tratamento conservador de pacientes com miomas uterinos. O grau de satisfação das pacientes foi elevado e o procedimento pode vir a se tornar uma opção aceita para o tratamento da miomatose uterina.

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and outcome of ethanol sclerotherapy for uterine myomata. This is a series of 20 patients (aged 20 to 40 years) with symptomatic uterine myomata submitted to ethanol sclerotherapy. The procedure was performed under sedation and guided by transvaginal ultrasound. The patients were followed clinically and ultrasonically (transvaginal sonography and color Doppler evaluation) one month and six months after treatment. The frequency of symptoms, intratumoral color flow mapping and tumoral size were analyzed. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used at a 5% level of significance. Postprocedure complications were not observed. A significant relief of dysmenorrhea was observed with one and six months and the frequency of pelvic pain and menorrhagia was significantly reduced with six months. A significant reduction of tumoral size was observed, from 89,4 cm3 (inicial volume) to 73,5 cm3 e 69,9 cm3 (one and six months, respectively). The frequency of intratumoral high blood flow was 80% before and 15% and 20% one and six months after the procedure (p=0,0001). It can be concluded that these preliminary results indicate that transvaginal ultrasound-guided ethanol sclerotherapy can be an effective treatment for uterine myomas when conservative management is preferable. Patient satisfaction was high and the procedure might become an accepted option for the treatment of uterine myomata.

O estudo avaliou a segurança, eficácia e resultados da técnica de alcoolização para tratamento da miomatose uterina. Analisou-se uma série de 20 pacientes (idade variando entre 20 e 40 anos) submetidas a alcoolização para tratamento de miomatose uterina sintomática. O procedimento foi realizado sob anestesia geral, guiado por ultra-sonografia transvaginal. Realizou-se seguimento clínico e ultra-sonográfico (ultra-sonografia transvaginal e doppler colorido) com um e seis meses depois do tratamento. Analisaram-se os parâmetros: frequência de sintomas, mapa vascular (doppler) e tamanho da tumoração. Utilizaram-se os testes do qui-quadrado e Mann-Whitney. Significância p 0,05. Não ocorreram complicações depois do procedimento. Observou-se alívio significativo da dismenorréia com um e seis meses e a frequência de dor pélvica e hipermenorragia reduziu-se significativamente com seis meses. Encontrou-se ainda uma significativa redução do tamanho tumoral, de 89,3cm³ (volume inicial) para 73,5cm³ e 69,9cm³ (um e seis meses, respectivamente). A frequência de padrão de alto fluxo intra-tumroal foi de 80% antes e 15% e 20% um e seis meses depois do procedimento (p=0,0001). Conclui-se que estes resultados preliminares indicam que a alcoolização guiada por ultra-sonografia pode constituir uma opção terapêutica efetiva para o tratamento conservador de pacientes com miomas uterinos. O grau de satisfação das pacientes foi elevado e o procedimento pode vir a se tornar uma opção aceita para o tratamento da miomatose uterina.