RESUMO
miR-122 has been considered both as tumor suppressor miRNA and oncomiR in breast tumor phenotypes. However, the role of miR-122 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still unknown. In this study, the clinical value of miR-122 was used to describe the transcriptomic landscape of TNBC tumors obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Low expression levels of miR-122 were associated with poor overall survival (OS) of TNBC patients than those with higher expression levels of miR-122. We identified gene expression profiles in TNBC tumors expressed lower or higher miR-122. Gene coexpression networks analysis revealed gene modules and hub genes specific to TNBC tumors with low or high miR-122 levels. Gene ontology and KEGG pathways analysis revealed that gene modules in TNBC with gain of miR-122 were related to cell cycle and DNA repair, while in TNBC with loss of miR-122 were enriched in cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis and activation of cell migration and invasion. The expression of hub genes distinguished TNBC tumors with gain or loss of miR-122 from normal breast tissues. Furthermore, high levels of hub genes were associated with better OS in TNBC patients. Interestingly, the gene coexpression network related to loss of miR-122 were enriched with target genes of miR-122, but this did not observed in those with gain of miR-122. Target genes of miR-122 are oncogenes mainly associated with cell differentiation-related processes. Finally, 75 genes were identified exclusively associated to loss of miR-122, which are also implicated in cell differentiation. In conclusion, miR-122 could act as tumor suppressor by controlling oncogenes in TNBC.
Assuntos
MicroRNAs , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas , Humanos , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/genética , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão GênicaRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic and circulating expression of miR-155, miR-122 and miR-217 in a model of chronic exposure to ethanol in adult zebrafish. METHODS: Wild-type adult zebrafish were divided into two groups (n = 281): an EG (exposed to 0.5% v/v Ethanol in aquarium water) and a CG (without ethanol). After 28 days the animals were euthanized, followed by histopathological analysis, quantification of lipids, triglycerides and inflammatory cytokines in liver tissue. miR-155, miR-122 and miR-217 gene expression was quantified in liver tissue and serum. RESULTS: We observed hepatic lesions and increased accumulation of hepatic lipids in the EG. The expression of il-1ß was higher in the EG, but there were no differences in il-10 and tnf-α between groups. In the liver, expression of miR-122 and miR-155 was higher in the EG. The circulating expression of miR-155 and miR-217 was significantly higher in the EG. CONCLUSION: Chronic exposure to ethanol in zebrafish leads to altered hepatic and circulating expression of miR-155, miR-122 and miR-217. This confirms its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Assuntos
Etanol/farmacologia , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/genética , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , MicroRNAs/genética , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/metabolismo , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/patologia , Masculino , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Peixe-ZebraRESUMO
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease affecting up to 25% of the population worldwide. n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been associated with improved clinical parameters of NAFLD. Our purpose was to conduct a pilot study to evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study performed on NAFLD individuals diagnosed by ultrasound. Patients received n-3 PUFA (n = 13) or placebo (n = 11) supplementation for six months. Circulating miR-122 expression (determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), liver fibrosis (FibroScan®), red blood cells (RBC) fatty acids (gas chromatography), and biochemical tests were performed at baseline and after intervention. After the intervention, in the n-3 PUFA group, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and omega index increased significantly in RBC (p = 0.022 and p = 0.012, respectively), in addition to a significant reduction in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p = 0.002) and liver fibrosis (p = 0.039). However, there was no change in the expression of circulating miR-122 in both groups. Our results showed that omega-3 PUFA were incorporated in erythrocytes after six months of fish oil supplementary intake, and that n-3 PUFA were effective in reducing ALP and liver fibrosis without altering the expression of circulating miR-122 in individuals with NAFLD.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/administração & dosagem , Óleos de Peixe/administração & dosagem , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/terapia , Idoso , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/sangue , Método Duplo-Cego , Esquema de Medicação , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , MicroRNAs/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/sangue , Projetos Piloto , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
In gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies, a compromised fetal liver may impact offspring's metabolic health. Here, we aimed to address prooxidant, proinflammatory and profibrotic markers in the livers from GDM rats and their fetuses, and to analyze the expression of miR-122 (a relevant microRNA in liver pathophysiology) in fetal and maternal plasma of GDM rats, as well as in the fetal livers of neonatal streptozotocin-induced (nSTZ) diabetic rats, the rats that generate GDM through intrauterine programming. GDM and nSTZ rats were evaluated on day 21 of pregnancy. We found increased nitric oxide production and lipoperoxidation in the livers from GDM rats and their fetuses compared to controls. Livers from GDM fetuses also showed increased levels of connective tissue growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2. The expression of miRNA-122 was downregulated in the plasma from GDM rats and their male fetuses, as well as in the livers from male fetuses of nSTZ diabetic rats. miR-122 levels were regulated both in vitro through PPARγ activation and in vivo through a maternal diet enriched in PPAR ligands. Our findings revealed a prooxidant/proinflammatory environment in the livers from GDM rats and their fetuses and a dysregulation of miR-122, likely relevant in the programming of offspring's diseases.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/genética , Diabetes Gestacional/genética , Feto/embriologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Inflamação/genética , Fígado/embriologia , MicroRNAs/sangue , Útero/patologia , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , MicroRNA Circulante/sangue , MicroRNA Circulante/genética , Fator de Crescimento do Tecido Conjuntivo/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Gestacional/sangue , Diabetes Gestacional/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Inflamação/sangue , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Azeite de Oliva , Oxidantes/metabolismo , Gravidez , Ratos Wistar , EstreptozocinaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: MiR-122 has been regarded as a tumor suppressor. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been found to be closely related to metastasis and immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the study, we sought to investigate the effect of miR-122 on HCC and the expression of TLR4. PATIENTS OR MATERIALS AND METHODS: Real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expressions of target factors. CCK-8 and flow cytometry analysis were employed to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine whether miR-122 could directly regulate the expression of TLR4. Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent Assay was adopted to detect the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS: Both down-regulation of miR-122 and up-regulation of TLR4 were found to be correlated with low overall survival rate of HCC patients. TLR4 may be a direct target gene of miR-122. Over-expression of miR-122 induced apoptosis and inhibited cell viability of HCC by down-regulating TLR4, enhanced the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and suppressed the expression of anti-apoptotic genes. MiR-122 inhibited expressions and activities of inflammatory cytokines, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and also reduced the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9). Furthermore, activities of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were suppressed by miR-122. CONCLUSIONS: Down-regulation of miR-122 facilitated the immune escape of HCC by targeting TLR4, which was related to PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways. Our study may provide a possible strategy for the treatment of HCC.
Assuntos
Apoptose/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/genética , Evasão Tumoral/imunologia , Western Blotting , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/imunologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/genética , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Dinoprostona/genética , Dinoprostona/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/imunologia , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Transdução de Sinais , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/imunologia , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismoRESUMO
Radioresistance of tumor cells gives rise to local recurrence and disease progression in many patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of gene expression that control oncogenic pathways to modulate the radiotherapy response of cells. In the present study, differential expression profiling assays identified 16 deregulated miRNAs in acquired radioresistant breast cancer cells, of which miR-122 was observed to be up-regulated. Functional analysis revealed that miR-122 has a role as a tumor suppressor in parental cells by decreasing survival and promoting radiosensitivity. However, in radioresistant cells, miR-122 functions as an oncomiR by promoting survival. The transcriptomic landscape resulting from knockdown of miR-122 in radioresistant cells showed modulation of the ZNF611, ZNF304, RIPK1, HRAS, DUSP8 and TNFRSF21 genes. Moreover, miR-122 and the set of affected genes were prognostic factors in breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Our data indicate that up-regulation of miR-122 promotes cell survival in acquired radioresistant breast cancer and also suggest that miR-122 differentially controls the response to radiotherapy by a dual function as a tumor suppressor an and oncomiR dependent on cell phenotype.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos da radiação , Genes Supressores de Tumor , MicroRNAs/biossíntese , RNA Neoplásico/biossíntese , Tolerância a Radiação , Regulação para Cima/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/radioterapia , Feminino , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias , RNA Neoplásico/genéticaRESUMO
This review intends to uncover how information from large-scale genetic profiling (whole genome sequencing, and whole exome sequencing) of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as information from circulating transcriptomics (cell-free miRNAs) and metabolomics, contributes to the understanding of NAFLD pathogenesis. A further aim is to address the question of whether OMICs information is ready to be implemented in the clinics. The available evidence suggests that any new knowledge pertaining to molecular signatures associated with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis should be promptly translated into the clinical setting. Nevertheless, rigorous steps that must include validation and replication are mandatory before utilizing OMICs biomarkers in diagnostics to identify patients at risk of advanced disease, including liver cancer.
Assuntos
MicroRNA Circulante/análise , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores/análise , Biópsia , MicroRNA Circulante/genética , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Fígado/patologia , Metabolômica/métodos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/sangue , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/genética , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Sequenciamento do Exoma/métodosRESUMO
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis plays key roles in the pathogenesis of heart diseases such as myocardial infarction. MicroRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, which are also involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. However, cardiomyocyte apoptosis regulated by microRNA (miR)-122 is largely unexplored. The aim of this study focused on the role of miR-122 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal mice and primarily cultured. MiR-122 mimic and inhibitor were transfected to cardiomyocytes and verified by qRT-PCR. Cell viability and apoptosis post-transfection were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Changes in expression of caspase-8 were quantified by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results showed that miR-122 mimic and inhibitor successfully induced changes in miR-122 levels in cultured cardiomyocytes (P<0.01). MiR-122 overexpression suppressed viability and promoted apoptosis of cardiomyocytes (P<0.05), and miR-122 knockdown promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of caspase-8 were elevated by miR-122 overexpression (P<0.01) and reduced by miR-122 knockdown (P<0.001). These results suggest an inductive role of miR-122 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which may be related to its regulation on caspase-8.
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Apoptose/genética , Caspase 8/genética , Expressão Gênica/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Miócitos Cardíacos/patologia , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB CRESUMO
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects approximately 3 % of the world population. HCV targets hepatic tissue, and most infected patients develop a chronic infection. Currently, studies have demonstrated an association between HCV-RNA replication and miR-122, the most abundant microRNA in the liver. Our aim was to evaluate liver and serum expression of miR-122 in patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 3, and to identify possible associations between miR-122 expression and lipid profiles, HCV viral load, apolipoproteins and liver enzymes. MicroRNAs were isolated from blood and liver tissue, and miR-122 expression was quantified by real-time PCR. HCV viral load was quantified by real-time PCR and HCV genotype, and serum biomarkers were obtained from medical report. The levels of miR-122 were higher in liver than those in blood from individuals infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 3 (p < 0.0001). The tissue levels of miR-122 were higher in subjects infected with HCV genotype 3 (6.22-fold, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between the blood and hepatic levels of miR-122 in patients infected with HCV genotype 1 (r = 0.302, p = 0.026); in these patients, an inverse correlation was observed between serum apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) levels and the blood (r = -0.330; p = 0.014) and hepatic (r = -0.311; p = 0.020) levels of miR-122. In patients infected with HCV genotype 3, there was a positive correlation between the hepatic miR-122 and the high-density lipoprotein-HDL (r = 0.412, p = 0.036) and insulin (r = 0.478, p = 0.044). Lipid metabolism proteins and miR-122 expression levels have different relations in HCV-3- and HCV-1-infected patients.