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Objective: Laparoscopic colectomy has gained acceptance as a standard treatment for benign and malignant colorectal disease, such as diverticular disease and cancer, among others. Same as in open surgery, the laparoscopic approach carries a low risk of small bowel obstruction in the postoperative period, but in laparoscopic surgery, internal hernia after laparoscopic left colectomy may be a cause of small bowel obstruction with a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. This rare complication may be prevented with routine closure of the mesenteric defects created during the colectomy. Methods: We present four cases of internal herniation after laparoscopic colectomy. Two cases were after laparoscopic left colectomy and two after laparoscopic low anterior resection. All four cases had full splenic flexure mobilization. Routine closure of the mesenteric defect was not performed in the initial surgery. Results: The four patients were treated by laparoscopic reintervention with closure of the mesenteric defect. In two of them, conversion to open surgery was necessary. One of the patients developed recurrent internal herniation after surgical reintervention with mesenteric closure of the defect. All patients were managed without need for bowel resection, and mortality rate was 0%. Conclusion Internal herniation after laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a highly morbid complication that requires prompt diagnosis and management and should be suspected in the early postoperative period. Additional studies with extended follow-up are required to establish recommendations regarding its prevention and management. (AU)

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Introducción: la hernia transmesentérica (HT) es una causa extremadamente rara de isquemia intestinal en adultos, con pocos casos reportados en la literatura. Presentación del caso: un hombre de 71 años presentó dolor epigástrico severo de seis horas de evolución, sin signos de obstrucción intestinal ni historia de cirugías abdominales previas. Ante el deterioro clínico se hizo una laparotomía que reveló un defecto transmesentérico de 4 cm en el yeyuno y herniación de ciento noventa cm de intestino delgado con signos de gangrena. Se efectuaron reducción del contenido, resección intestinal y anatomosis primaria. La recuperación fue exitosa y fue dado de alta diez días después del ingreso. Discusión: los síntomas clínicos, los estudios radiológicos y los datos de laboratorio suelen ser inespecíficos para el diagnóstico de HT. La tasa de mortalidad puede superar el 50 %. Este artículo resume las características clínicas más importantes a partir de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura. Conclusión: la obstrucción intestinal por HT es una condición potencialmente letal. Los signos y síntomas clínicos relacionados con HT exigen un estricto seguimiento. Si no hay mejoría o se presenta deterioro clínico, se debe hacer una cirugía temprana con el fin de reducir la mortalidad y la morbilidad por esta causa.

Introduction: Transmesenteric hernia (TH) is an extremely rare cause of bowel ischaemia in adults with few reported cases. Case report: A 71-year-old man experienced six hours of severe epigastric abdominal pain, without signs of intestinal obstruction and with no history of abdominal surgery. In response to clinical deterioration, an emergency laparotomy was performed, revealing a 4 cm transmesenteric defect in the jejunal region. One hundred ninety centimeters of the small bowel were herniated through the defect and became gangrenous. The hernia was reduced, small bowel resected, and primary anastomosis performed. The patient recovered and was discharged ten days later. Discussion: Clinical symptoms, radiological imaging, and laboratory tests can be non-specific in the diagnosis of TH. The mortality rate is higher than 50 %. This paper summarizes the most important clinical traits based on a comprehensive literature review. Conclusion: Intestinal obstruction due to TH is a potentially lethal condition. The important clinical traits related to TH should be closely monitored. If there is no improvement or clinical deterioration occurs, it is mandatory to do early surgery to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Introdução: a hérnia transmesentérica (HT) é uma causa extremamente rara de isquemia intestinal em adultos, com poucos casos reportados na literatura. Apresentação do caso: um homem de 71 anos apresentou dor epigástrico severo de seis horas de evolução, sem signos de obstrução intestinal nem cirurgias abdominais prévias. Ante a presença de deterioração clínica se fez uma laparotomia que revelou um defeito transmesentérico de 4 cm no jejuno e rupturas de cento noventa cm de intestino delgado com signos de gangrena. Efetuaram-se redução do conteúdo, resseção intestinal e anastomoses primária. A recuperação foi exitosa e foi cadastrado dez dias depois do rendimento. Discussão: os sintomas clínicos, os estudos radiológicos e os dados de laboratório costumam ser inespecíficos para o diagnóstico de HT. A taxa de mortalidade pode superar 50 %. Este artigo resume as características clínicas mais importantes a partir de uma revisão exaustiva da literatura. Conclusão: a obstrução intestinal por HT é uma condição potencialmente letal. Os signos e sintomas clínicos relacionados com HT exigem um estrito seguimento. Se não há melhoria ou se apresenta deterioração clínica, deve-se fazer uma cirurgia temporã com o fim de reduzir a mortalidade e a morbilidade por esta causa.

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