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Rev. panam. salud pública ; 36(1): 57-62, Jul. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-721544

RESUMO

Resulta fundamental, en el área de la salud pública, conocer la estructura y dinámica del mercado farmacéutico ecuatoriano, su segmentación entre el sector público y privado, así como su relación con la demanda y oferta de medicamentos tanto genéricos como de marca. Para esto, se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional con la información obtenida de las bases de datos científicos, institucionales, técnico-administrativas y económicas disponibles. Además, se revisó la información científica referente al mercado farmacéutico ecuatoriano y regional a través de los buscadores PubMed y Ovid. Los medicamentos de marca dispensados en el país corresponden 69,6% a marcas y los genéricos a 30,4%. En Ecuador, del total de medicamentos registrados, 1 829 (13,6%) son considerados de venta libre y 11 622 (86,4%) son de venta bajo prescripción médica. De las ventas, 93,15% corresponden a medicamentos de marca y solo 6,85% a genéricos. El 90% de las farmacias se hallan en la zona urbana y solo 10% a nivel rural. El incremento de precios en los últimos cinco años fue de 12,5% para los medicamentos de marca y de 0,86% para genéricos. La dispensación y consumo de medicamentos de marca es 2,3 veces mayor que la de genéricos. La mayoría de las farmacias se localizan en la zona urbana, demostrando que existe una relación entre el poder adquisitivo y el acceso a los medicamentos. A pesar de que la autoridad reguladora estipula que 13% de medicamentos son de venta libre, aproximadamente 60% de la población accede a medicamentos sin prescripción médica.


In the area of public health, it is fundamental to understand the structure and dynamics of the Ecuadorian pharmaceutical market, its segmentation between the public and private sectors, and its relationship with supply and demand, both for generic and brand-name drugs. To achieve this, an observational descriptive study was conducted with information obtained from the available scientific, institutional, technical-administrative, and economic databases. Furthermore, the scientific information concerning the Ecuadorian and regional pharmaceutical market was reviewed through the PubMed and Ovid search engines. In Ecuador, 69.6% of dispensed drugs are brand-name and 30.4% are generics. Of all registered drugs in the country, 1 829 (13.6%) are considered over-the-counter and 11 622 (86.4%) are for sale under medical prescription. In terms of sales, 93.15% correspond to brand-name drugs and only 6.85% to generics. Ninety percent of the pharmacies are located in urban areas and only 10% in rural areas. In the last five years, prices have increased by 12.5% for brand-name drugs and 0.86% for generics. Brand-name drugs are dispensed and consumed 2.3 times more than generics. The majority of pharmacies are located in urban areas, showing that there is a relationship between purchasing power and access to drugs. Although the regulatory authority stipulates that 13% of drugs should be over-the-counter, approximately 60% of the population acquires drugs without a medical prescription. .


Assuntos
Indústria Farmacêutica , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/provisão & distribuição , Medicamentos sob Prescrição/provisão & distribuição , Equador
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