RESUMO
PIP: This document contains major provisions of the constitution adopted by Brazil on 5 October 1988. This constitution seeks to promote the welfare of all citizens without discrimination. The equality of all citizens is guaranteed, and the equal rights of women are specifically mentioned. Property rights are also guaranteed and defined. Female inmates are granted the right to remain with their children while breast feeding. Workers are guaranteed a minimum wage, a family allowance for dependents, maternity/paternity leave, specific incentives to protect the labor market for women, retirement benefits, free day care for preschool-age children, pay equity, and equal rights between tenured and sporadically employed workers. Agrarian reform provisions are given, including the authority to expropriate land. Social and economic policies to promote health are called for, and public health services are to be decentralized, to be integrated, and to foster community participation. Pension plan and social assistance provisions are outlined as are duties of the state in regard to education. The amount of money to be dedicated to education is set out, and a national educational plan is called for to achieve such goals as the eradication of illiteracy, the universalization of school attendance, the improvement of instruction, and the provision of vocational training. Specific measures are set out to protect and preserve the environment. Family policy deals with issues of marriage, the definition of a family, divorce, the right to family planning services, and the deterrence of domestic violence. Social protection provisions cover mothers and children, handicapped persons, and protection of minors. Finally, the customs and rights of Indians are protected, with special provisions given to protect land tenure and to protect the rights of Indians in water resource development and prospecting and mining activities.^ieng
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Constituição e Estatutos , Economia , Educação , Emprego , Política de Planejamento Familiar , Financiamento Governamental , Direitos Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Assistência Pública , Saúde Pública , Política Pública , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Direitos da Mulher , América , Brasil , Cultura , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Meio Ambiente , Etnicidade , Administração Financeira , Saúde , América Latina , População , Características da População , Classe Social , Planejamento Social , América do SulRESUMO
PIP: This document contains major provisions of the 1988 Female Employees (Grant of Maternity Leave) Act of the Bahamas. These provisions cover the procedure which a woman must follow to obtain maternity leave, the amount of compensation she will receive during that leave, the length and scheduling of the maternity leave, extensions to maternity leave, protection of a pregnant woman from dismissal from employment, seniority rights and the right of reinstatement, and other details related to the enforcement of this Act.^ieng
Assuntos
Economia , Legislação como Assunto , América , Bahamas , Região do Caribe , Países em Desenvolvimento , América do NorteRESUMO
PIP: This document contains provisions of the 1988 National Insurance and Social Security (Miscellaneous Amendment) Regulations of Barbados. These amendments cover the payment of 1989 maternity benefits and set up the conditions to be satisfied in relation to an employed person and in relation to a self-employed person.^ieng
Assuntos
Economia , Legislação como Assunto , América , Barbados , Região do Caribe , Países em Desenvolvimento , América do NorteRESUMO
This Act provides that every woman worker in the public and private sectors in Bolivia is to enjoy job security from the period of pregnancy to a year after the birth of a child. It also provides that a pregnant woman who is employed in a job requiring exertions that affect her health is to be given special treatment permitting her to carry out her activities in adequate conditions without affecting her salary or her work situation.
Assuntos
Economia , Emprego , Legislação como Assunto , América , Bolívia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , América do SulRESUMO
Since 1987, a prenatal allowance has been paid in Bolivia for the last five months of pregnancy. The allowance is equal to the statutory minimum wage and may be drawn in combination with the temporary disability benefit payable in respect of maternity. In 1987, the birth grant was also increased by 50% to be equivalent to the statutory monthly minimum wage. In addition, in 1987, the housing allowance was abolished.
Assuntos
Economia , Legislação como Assunto , América , Bolívia , Países em Desenvolvimento , América Latina , América do SulRESUMO
This Act approves the Labor Code, which contains the following major provisions: 1) discrimination on the basis of sex is prohibited in contracts of employment; 2) at least 85% of an employer's workers must be of Chilean nationality, including foreigners who have a Chilean spouse or children or who have been resident in Chile for more than five years; 3) women are guaranteed maternity leave with full pay and benefits for six weeks before delivery and 12 weeks afterwards, which can be increased as necessary if the woman becomes ill during pregnancy or after delivery, as demonstrated by a medical certificate; 4) a woman cannot renounce this leave, her position must be kept open during her absence, and her contract cannot be terminated for a year after maternity leave has ended without a judge's approval; 5) a mother is entitled to leave with full pay and benefits to care for a seriously ill child less than one year old, as demonstrated by a medical certificate; 6) during pregnancy, women who are occupied in work considered harmful to their health are to be transferred to other work without a reduction of salary; and 7) establishments that employ 20 or more workers are to provide child-care facilities where mothers can feed their children and the children can remain while the mothers work; the costs of these facilities are to be paid for by the employer.
Assuntos
Cuidado da Criança , Economia , Emigração e Imigração , Emprego , Política de Planejamento Familiar , Legislação como Assunto , Preconceito , América , Comportamento , Educação Infantil , Chile , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Etnicidade , Geografia , América Latina , População , Características da População , Política Pública , Características de Residência , Classe Social , Problemas Sociais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , América do SulRESUMO
This Act amends Article 10 of Act No. 1263 of 1974 to double to $20.00 (pesos) the lowest amount of maternity allowance that a worker can receive per week in Cuba.
Assuntos
Economia , Emprego , Legislação como Assunto , América , Região do Caribe , Cuba , Países em Desenvolvimento , América Latina , América do NorteRESUMO
This Act provides that adopting mothers employed in public service in Colombia are to receive all the provisions and guarantees established for biological mothers.
Assuntos
Adoção , Economia , Emprego , Legislação como Assunto , América , Comportamento , Educação Infantil , Colômbia , Países em Desenvolvimento , América Latina , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , América do SulRESUMO
This Law sets forth the Obligatory Social Security Scheme in Ecuador. Among other things, it provides that an insured woman has the right during pregnancy and delivery and after birth to necessary obstetrical assistance and a monetary subsidy. Further provisions set forth other benefits under the scheme, define beneficiaries, and describe resources for the scheme. The Law also stipulates that the employer is responsible for paying for the first three days of maternity benefits.
Assuntos
Economia , Legislação como Assunto , Previdência Social , América , Países em Desenvolvimento , Equador , Administração Financeira , Financiamento Governamental , América Latina , América do SulRESUMO
PIP: In 1985, Montserrat issued Social Security Regulations covering maternity benefits. These regulations provide maternity grants to an insured woman or the wife of an insured person (in only one capacity). A claim for maternity benefit must be supported by a certificate from a medical practitioner or a midwife or by such other evidence as may be required. The maternity benefit shall be payable to a woman who has been confined if 1) at least 26 weekly contributions have been paid or credited by the insured person or her husband in the 52 weeks immediately preceding the confinement or 2) if a woman has been insured for 30 weeks and if at least 20 weekly contributions have been paid by her in the 30 weeks immediately preceding the contribution week in which occurs the day which is six weeks before the expected week of confinement or in which occurs the day from which the allowance is claimed, whichever is the later. A woman who has been awarded a maternity allowance shall obtain a certificate of her confinement in accordance with the Schedule to these Regulations and send it to the Director within three weeks of her confinement or, within the same period, furnish the Director with such other evidence of her confinement as he may require. Subject to the provision of these Regulations, the maternity allowance shall be payable for a period starting from the week not earlier than six weeks before the expected week of confinement and continuing until six weeks after the week in which delivery occurred: provided that the period of maternity allowance payable shall not exceed 12 weeks. The rate of the maternity grant shall be $200.00, and the weekly rate of maternity allowance shall be 60% of the sum of the insurable earnings or credits of the insured person in the 30 weeks specified above divided by 30, and the daily rate shall be the weekly rate divided by five.^ieng
Assuntos
Economia , Legislação como Assunto , América , Região do Caribe , Países em Desenvolvimento , América do Norte , Índias OcidentaisRESUMO
In 1987, a new social security scheme came into force in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Under the scheme, maternity benefits are payable to women who have paid at least 30 weeks' contributions into the scheme, at least 20 of them during the 30 weeks immediately preceding the claim. Benefits are payable for up to 13 weeks, six of them before the anticipated date of birth. The benefit is equal to 60% of the average insured income during the 30 weeks immediately preceding the claim. In addition, a lump sum payment of EC $50 is payable to the insured woman for each birth.
Assuntos
Economia , Seguro Saúde , Legislação como Assunto , Fatores de Tempo , América , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Administração Financeira , América do Norte , População , Dinâmica Populacional , São Vicente e GranadinasRESUMO
PIP: This document reprints provisions of Suriname's 1987 Constitution relating to freedom of movement, equality of the sexes, the right to life, the right to physical integrity, equal opportunity in employment, the family, children, maternity benefits, the right to health care, parental responsibilities, free and compulsory education, illiteracy, and housing. All citizens enjoy freedom of movement within the bounds of the law. All people within the territory may claim protection of their person and property, and discrimination is forbidden on the basis of birth, sex, race, language, religion, education, political beliefs, economic position, or other status. Torture or inhuman treatment and punishment is banned, and the right to life is protected by the law. The state guarantees the right to work, and all employees have the right to equal remuneration for equal work, safe working conditions, and sufficient rest and recreation. The family is protected, and husbands and wives are equal before the law. Children have the right to protection, and working women are entitled to paid maternity leave. The state promotes the right to good health by systematic improvements in living and working conditions and dissemination of health education. The right to education is protected by the provision of free general primary education and efforts of the state to enable all citizens to achieve the highest educational levels possible. The Constitution also calls for the institution of a plan to allow the state to create public housing.^ieng