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Introduction: In the modern era, the maternal perception of children's nutritional status has emerged as a critical area of study, given its potential influence on nutritional interventions and long-term child health. The relationship between this perception and children's Body Mass Index (BMI) by age is particularly intriguing, as it may reveal discrepancies between perception and reality. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate Peruvian mothers' perception of their children's Body Mass Index (BMI) in relation to age and to determine how this perception associates with the children's cardiovascular risk. The study also analyzed sociodemographic factors that might influence this perception. Methods: The study included 130 mothers of schoolchildren aged 5 to 11 from a school in Lima. Mothers' perceptions of their children's weight were assessed using pictograms, and sociodemographic characteristics were collected through a questionnaire. Weight and height measurements were taken to calculate BMI, and waist circumference was measured to classify cardiovascular risk. Results: A total of 57.4% of the schoolchildren presented with excess malnutrition, and 51.5% of the mothers incorrectly classified the actual BMI/Age of their children (kappa 0.11; p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, it was found that the schoolchild's age is associated with the mother's failure to accurately perceive her child's weight (OR 1.59). Lastly, there was a significant association between maternal perception and cardiovascular risk (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant discrepancy between maternal perception and the actual nutritional status of children, which can increase cardiovascular risk. It is necessary to implement intervention and education strategies targeted at parents to enhance the recognition and management of childhood overweight and obesity.

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ANTECEDENTES: La obesidad infantil es un trastorno de prevalencia creciente que predispone a la obesidad, diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares en el adulto. Investigaciones recientes relacionan la percepción materna con el estado nutricional real de los niños, encontrando una distorsión entre imagen corporal de sus hijos con malnutrición por exceso (MNPE). MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. La población objetivo fue 320 madres de escolares de 6 a 10 años y se utilizó un muestreo por conveniencia. Se incluyeron madres de hijos con MNPE. Se evaluó la percepción de las madres a través de un pictograma. Se efectuaron mediciones antropométricas de peso, talla y perímetro de cintura (PC), presión arterial (PA), glicemia y colesterol total. En el análisis estadístico se usó Stata 14 y Epidat 4.2. RESULTADOS: La muestra fue conformada por 100 díadas madre/hijo con MNPE. 69% de las madres presentaron escolaridad de enseñanza media, y 68% tenían nivel socioeconómico bajo. Respecto de los niños, 52% eran de sexo femenino, 38% presentaban riesgo de obesidad abdominal y el 47% tenían obesidad abdominal. La glicemia en ayunas estaba alterada en 35%, el colesterol total alterado en 12% y 31% presentaban PA elevada. El 60% de las madres de niños con MNPE subestimaron el estado nutricional de sus hijos. CONCLUSIONES: En relación a los factores de riesgo cardiovascular de los escolares, un alto porcentaje presenta índices de riesgo cardiovascular elevado: obesidad abdominal, PA alterada, colesterol total y glicemias alteradas. La alteración de la percepción materna sobre el estado nutricional de sus hijos, puede repercutir en forma significativa para el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la MNPE y, por consiguiente, constituye un factor de riesgo cardiovascular, estableciendo un punto clave de intervención.

BACKGROUND: Overnutrition in children is increasingly more prevalent and leads to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adults. Recent research links distorted maternal perception of nutritional status in their children with the presence of obesity in adulthood). METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on mothers and their schoolchildren aged 6 to 10 years old. A basic inclusion criteria was the presence of overnutrition in children and the study related maternal perception with the actual degree of overnutrition in her child. Perception was evaluated using a pictogram. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), blood sugar level and total cholesterol were measured in children Stata 14 and Epidat 2.0 were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 100 mother-child pairs were studied. All children had overnutrition. 69% of mothers had high-school level education and 68% belonged in the low socio-economic stratum. There were 52% of girls. According to waist circumference 38% were at risk of malnutrition and 47% already had abdominal obesity. 35% had an altered fasting blood sugar level, 12% an elevated total cholesterol, 31% an increased blood pressure. 60% of mothers of children with overnutrition underestimated the actual nutritional status (overnutrion) of their children. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of overnutrition and obesity indicators were high in this population. This occurred along with increased levels of BP, total cholesterol and altered blood sugar levels. The maternal perception of their children severely under estimated the level of overnutrition. This fact can have a significant impact on the development and maintenance of the excess type malnutrition and subsequent development of other cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, improving the perception of mothers regarding the nutritional status of their children should be an important element for diminishing cardiovascular risk longterm.

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Este estudo investigou as mudanças na leitura materna sobre seus sintomas depressivos e sobre os sintomas psicofuncionais do bebê num contexto de psicoterapia mãe-bebê em grupo. Participaram uma díade mãe-bebê em que a mãe apresentava depressão pós-parto e o bebê sintomas psicofuncionais. Os instrumentos empregados foram a Escala de Depressão Pós-Parto de Edimburgo (EPDS), Entrevista MINI, Entrevista sobre a Gestação e Parto, Entrevista sobre a Experiência da Maternidade e o questionário Symptom Check List (SCL). Foi utilizado o delineamento de estudo de caso único e realizada uma análise qualitativa, relacionando os materiais clínicos das onze sessões de psicoterapia com a literatura a partir de uma compreensão psicanalítica. Os resultados revelaram que os sintomas depressivos maternos e os sintomas psicofuncionais do bebê estavam mutuamente associados e que, a partir da intervenção utilizada, a leitura materna sobre seus sintomas e os do bebê foi modificada, associada a uma melhora dos sintomas em ambos.

This study examined the changes in maternal perception about her own depressive symptoms and the baby's psychofunctional symptoms in a context of mother-baby group psychotherapy. Participants were a mother-baby dyad in which the mother presented postpartum depression and the baby had psychofunctional symptoms. The instruments employed were: EPDS, MINI Interview, Interview on Pregnancy and Childbirth, Interview of the Maternity Experience, and SCL questionnaire. The single-case study design was used and a qualitative analysis was carried out, correlating the clinical materials from the eleven psychotherapy sessions with the theoretical knowledge found in the literature, based on a psychoanalytic understanding. The results revealed that the maternal depressive symptoms and the baby's psychofunctional symptoms were mutually associated and that, through the intervention, the maternal perception about her symptoms and the baby's was modified, associated with an improvement of the symptoms in both.

Este estudio investigó los cambios en la comprensión materna sobre sus síntomas depresivos y sobre los síntomas psicofuncionales del bebé en un contexto de psicoterapia madre-bebé en grupo. Participaron una díada madre-bebé en la que la madre presentaba depresión posparto y el bebé síntomas psicofuncionales. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: EPDS, Entrevista MINI, Entrevista sobre la Gestación y el Parto, Entrevista sobre la Experiencia de la Maternidad y el cuestionario SCL. Se utilizó el delineamiento de estudio de caso único y realizó un análisis cualitativo, relacionando los materiales clínicos de las once sesiones de psicoterapia con la literatura a partir de una comprensión psicoanalítica. Los resultados revelaron que los síntomas depresivos maternos y los síntomas psicofuncionales del bebé estaban mutuamente asociados y que, a partir de la intervención utilizada, la comprensión materna sobre sus síntomas y del bebé fue modificada, asociada a una mejoría de los síntomas en ambos.

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La obesidad corresponde a la acumulación anormal de grasa en el organismo, además es un importante factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes, cáncer, etc. En Chile, su prevalencia ha aumentado a lo largo de los años llegando a 24,4% en menores de primer año básico en el año 2018. Hay estudios que reportan que la distorsión de la percepción materna de la imagen corporal del niño podría ser un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de obesidad infantil ya que de ella dependen principalmente los hábitos alimenticios que el niño adquiera. La sociedad y cultura en la que se desarrolle el individuo también juegan un rol fundamental. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la percepción materna de la imagen corporal sobre el estado nutricional real del niño con necesidades educativas especiales. La investigación tuvo un diseño observacional de corte transversal. El estudio se realizó en 60 escolares, de 5 y 6 años de edad, pertenecientes a 5 establecimientos de educación especial en la ciudad de Arica. Se aplicó un cuestionario a las madres sobre su percepción del estado nutricional de sus hijos mediante siluetas y conceptos, luego se evaluó peso y estatura en los escolares. Se observó una prevalencia de 38,3% de malnutrición por exceso en la muestra de escolares con necesidades educativas especiales. Además, destaca que un 71,7% de las madres fueron capaces de reconocer el concepto que corresponde al estado nutricional real de su hijo, mientras que un 46,6% lo identificó por medio del uso de siluetas. Se concluyó que las madres con alteración de la percepción materna sobre el estado nutricional de los escolares muestran una tendencia a percibir a su hijo con sobrepeso u obesidad cuando se encuentra en la categoría normal.

Obesity corresponds to the abnormal accumulation of fat, negative situations for health. In childhood, it is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, etc. In Chile, its prevalence has increased over the years reaching 24.4% in children of the first basic year in 2018. Studies indicate that the discrimination of the maternal perception of the child's body image could be a risk factor for the development of childhood obesity that depends on the eating habits that the child acquires. The society and culture in which the individual develops also plays a fundamental role. The objective of the study was to analyze the maternal perception of the body image on the real nutritional status of the child with special educational needs. The research has an observational and transversal design. The study was conducted in 60 students between 5 and 6 years old belonging to 5 special education establishments in the city of Arica. A questionnaire was applied to the mothers about their perception of the nutritional status of their children through silhouettes and concepts, then weight and height were evaluated in schoolchildren. A prevalence of 38.3% of excess malnutrition was observed in the sample of schoolchildren with special educational needs. In addition, it is highlighted that 71.7% of the mothers were able to recognize the concept that corresponds to the actual nutritional status of their child, while 46.6% identified it through the use of silhouettes. We concluded that mothers with an altered maternal perception of the nutritional status of schoolchildren show a tendency to perceive their child as overweight or obese when it is in the normal category.

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BACKGROUND: Little information is available on the trends over time of the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). This condition may be preventing dental caries decline. AIM: (a) To compare the prevalence of MIH, in Mexico City schoolchildren, evaluated in 2008 with a group evaluated in 2017, (b) to identify the association of MIH with dental caries, and (c) to assess the mother's perception of her child's oral health status. DESIGN: Two cross-sectional studies performed in 2008 and in 2017 were compared. The oral examiner and the selected schools were the same in both surveys. RESULTS: A total of 549 schoolchildren were evaluated. The prevalence of MIH in the first survey was 20.3%, and 31.9 % in the second survey, (p = .002). Children with MIH were more likely to have dental caries. The odds ratio was 2.24 (p = .036) and 4.18 (p ˂ .001) in the first and second surveys, respectively. Mothers of children with MIH perceived worse oral health status of their children than the mothers whose children did not have MIH (odds ratio = 4.47, p ˂ .001). CONCLUSION: The findings portray a clear increase in prevalence of MIH and highlight the need for increased awareness about this condition among dentists and the general population.

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BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a public health issue negatively affecting children's physical and psychosocial health. Mothers are children's primary caregivers, thus key players in childhood obesity prevention. Studies have indicated that mothers underestimate their children's weight. If mothers are unaware of their children's weight problem, they are less likely to participate in activities preventing and treating excess weight. The "Healthy Change" intervention is designed to change maternal perception of child's weight (MPCW) through peer-led group health education in childcare settings. METHODS/DESIGN: The "Healthy Change" is a multicenter two-arm randomized trial in four centers. Three centers are in Mexican States (Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas). The fourth center is in San Antonio, Texas, USA. A total of 360 mother-child pairs (90 pairs per center) are to be randomly and evenly allocated to either the intervention or the control group. Intervention group will receive four-session group obesity prevention education. Control group will receive a four-session personal and food hygiene education. The education is delivered by trained peer-mother promotoras. Data will be collected using questionnaires and focus groups. The primary outcome is a change in proportion of mothers with accurate MPCW. Secondary outcomes include change in maternal feeding styles and practices, maternal self-efficacy and actions for managing child excessive weight gain. McNemar's Test will be used to test the primary outcome. The GLM Univariate procedure will be used to determine intervention effects on secondary outcomes. The models will include the secondary outcome measures as the dependent variables, treatment condition (intervention/control) as the fixed factor, and confounding factors (e.g., mother's education, children's gender and age) as covariates. Sub-analyses will be performed to compare intervention effects on primary and secondary outcomes between the samples from Mexico and Texas, USA. Qualitative data will be analyzed through analysis of inductive content. A combined coding model will be developed and used to code transcripts using the NVivo software. DISCUSSION: Healthy Change intervention could help change MPCW, an initial step for obesity prevention among preschoolers. This study presents a first of its kind intervention available in Spanish and English targeting Mexican and Mexican-American mothers in Mexico and USA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN12281648.

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RESUMEN La malnutrición por exceso es un problema de salud y su rápida pesquisa mediante percepción materna (PM), permite intervenciones tempranas enfocadas a disminuir sus consecuencias y costos asociados. El objetivo fue determinar la concordancia entre PM y estado nutricional (EN) de sus hijos, antes y después de una intervención educativa. Participaron 116 diadas madre-hijo de 2 a 5 años, de 4 jardines de Viña del Mar, donde se determinó EN y PM mediante imágenes corporales de los niños. Posteriormente, 57 madres con PM erradas respecto a estado nutricional de su hijo participaron de una intervención educativa de 40 minutos cada 15 días por 3 meses. La concordancia entre el PM y estado nutricional fue evaluada con el test de Kappa. El EN de los niños fue: 3,4% bajo peso; 49,1% normal; 28,4% sobrepeso y 19,0% obesidad. Para la PM el 99,1% subestimó el EN de su hijo (Kappa= 0,022 y p= 0,610). Posterior a la intervención, mejoró la PM en 59,6% y un 40,3% continuó subestimando el EN (kappa= 0,362 y p= 0,000). En este estudio, la PM tiende a subestimar el EN de sus hijos y una intervención educativa mejoró la PM y la concordancia entre PM y el EN de ellos.

ABSTRACT Overnutrition is a health problem and its rapid diagnosis through maternal perception (MP), allows for early intervention focused on reducing consequences and associated costs. The objective of this study was to determine the concordance between MP and child's nutritional status, before and after an educational intervention. Participants were 116 mother-child (2 to 5 years old) dyads from, from 4 daycare centers in Viña del Mar, Chile. Nutritional status was determined and MP was performed using children's body images. Subsequently 57 mothers with MP discordant with child's nutritional status participated in a 40-minute educational intervention every 15 days for 3 months. Concordance between MP and child's nutritional status was evaluated with Kappa. Nutritional status of the 116 children was: 3.4% underweight; 49.1% normal; 28.4% overweight, 19.0% obesity. MP indicated that 99.1% underestimated their child's nutritional status (Kappa = 0.022 and p= 0.610). After intervention, MP improved to 59.6% and 40.3% continued to underestimating child's nutritional status (kappa= 0.362 and p= 0.000). In this study, mothers tended to underestimate the nutritional status of their children. An educational intervention improved MP and the agreement between MP and child's nutritional status.

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BACKGROUND: Adolescent mothers may have an inaccurate perception and awareness of dental trauma occurrence in children, which may influence whether or not they seek treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated maternal perception of traumatic dental injury (TDI) occurrence and related factors in children, 24-36 months of age, of adolescent mothers from a cohort in the city of Pelotas/RS, Brazil. METHODS: Clinical data from 508 children were collected through physical examination; demographic variables (including socio-economic status) and maternal perception of trauma occurrence were collected through interviews with the children's mothers. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 12.0. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental trauma was 12.6% (64). A total of 291 (57.9%) mothers reported that their child had hit his or her teeth/mouth at least once. Only 69 (24.8%) mothers who perceived a TDI sought care. The maternal perception of dental trauma experienced by children showed no relationship with diagnosis on clinical examination. Enamel fracture was the most prevalent type of trauma (71.6%), and the maxillary central incisors were the teeth most affected. CONCLUSIONS: Owing to lack of awareness about TDI, the adolescent mothers in this study sample did not seek treatment for their children. Awareness campaigns for parents and caregivers about the possible consequences of TDI and the importance of follow up after dental trauma are required.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether maternal anxiety affects fetal movement patterns in the third trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: The inclusion criteria were a state of good health and a singleton pregnancy between 36 and 40 weeks. Thirty healthy pregnant women were included. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BA) questionnaire with 21 self-reported items validated for the Brazilian population was applied. The women were asked to record the number of minutes taken to perceive 10 fetal movements once a day for one week. Anxiety symptoms were rated as moderate or severe according to the BAI total score. RESULTS: The mean BAI score was 20.8 (SD = 10.2) and the mean time to count 10 fetal movements was 24.3 min (SD = 6.6 min). The BAI items significantly associated with moderate or severe maternal anxiety were numbness or tingling, fear of the worst happening, terrified, feeling of choking, fear of losing control and fear of dying. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the total BAI score and the mean time of 10 perceived fetal movements (p < 0.0001; rho = -0.70; 95% CI for rho -0.84 to -0.45). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal anxiety seems to affect fetal movement patterns in late pregnancy and is associated with the mother's increased perception of fetal activity.

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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate children's risk of being overweight associated with maternal underestimation of weight status and health behaviors. RESULTS: One hundred forty mother-child dyads were included. Children whose weight status was underestimated by their mothers were at greater risks of being overweight compared to those whose weigh status was correctly perceived (adjusted OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.11-4.81). Less television viewing time was associated with a 63% reduced risk of being overweight (adjusted OR .37, 95% CI .17-.83). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal underestimation of weight status was common among overweight and normal-weight children, and it was associated with an increased children's risk of being overweight.

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Estudio descriptivo correlacional. Los objetivos fueron: 1) evaluar la percepción materna del peso del hijo mediante dos pruebas percepción por palabras (PP) e índice de masa corporal del hijo percibido por la madre (IMCP), 2) Evaluar sensibilidad y especificidad de las pruebas y 3) Cuantificar la heredabilidad (h2) del índice de masa corporal (IMC) en 173 diadas (madre-hijo). La PP fue valorada por la pregunta ¿cómo cree que su hijo esta? Para valorar el IMCP, la madre refirió peso y talla del hijo y se calculó el IMC del hijo percibido por la madre. Se midió peso y talla a madres e hijos. Se encontró que 10.3% de madres de hijos con sobrepeso (SP) y 1.8% de madres de hijos con obesidad (OB) los percibieron de forma adecuada por la prueba (PP) y por la prueba IMCP el 38.5% y 67.3% de madres de hijos con SP y OB respectivamente. La sensibilidad de PP fue 5.3% y especificidad 29.1%. La sensibilidad de IMCP fue 55.3% y especificidad 54.4%. La h2 del IMC fue de 15%. Se concluye que las madres no perciben el SP-OB de sus hijos y que el cuestionar a la madre peso y talla del hijo (IMCP) podría ayudar a percibir el SP-OB del hijo. La h2 del IMC indica que los factores del estilo de vida en esta población contribuyen al SP-OB. Dada la amplia diversidad socio-económica y cultural, estos resultados de Campeche deberán de ser validados con diseños similares de estudio.

Descriptive correlational study. The objectives were the following: 1) evaluate maternal perception of her child’s weight through two test, Word-perception (WP) test and the Body mass index (BMI) of the child as perceived by the mother (Body weight index perception [BWIP]); 2) evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the tests, and 3) quantify BMI heritability (h2) in 173 mother-child dyads. WP was assessed by asking the question, How do you think your child is? For assessing BWIP, the mother referred the child’s weight and height, and we calculated the child’s BMI as perceived by the mother. The weight and height of the mothers and their children were measured. We found that 10.3% of mothers of children with Overweight (OW) and 1.8% of mothers of children with Obesity (OB) perceived their children adequately by means of WP; by means of the BWIP test, 38.5 and 67.3% of mothers of children with OW and OB, respectively, exhibited adequate perception. BWIP sensitivity was 55.3% and specificity was 54.4%. BWI h2 was 15%. We was concluded that mothers did not perceive the OW-OB of their children, and that asking the mother for the weight and height of the child (BMIP) will aids her to perceive the OW-OB of her child. The BWI h2 indicate that the lifestyle factors of this population contribute to OW-OB. Given the broad socioeconomic and cultural diversity, these results of the southeastern Mexican state of Campeche should be evaluated with similar study designs.

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O presente estudo visou investigar as percepções e sentimentos maternos diante das aquisições de desenvolvimento da criança dos 18 aos 20 meses. Participaram 14 mães primíparas, com idades entre 20 e 37 anos, de níveis socioeconômicos variados, residentes com o marido na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Foi realizada e submetida à análise qualitativa de conteúdo uma entrevista semiestruturada que abordava a experiência da maternidade e o desenvolvimento da criança. Buscou-se examinar semelhanças e particularidades das percepções e sentimentos maternos ante as aquisições de desenvolvimento infantil. Os resultados revelaram um incremento nas aquisições de linguagem, motoras, socioemocionais e intelectual-cognitivas. As crianças demandaram maior atenção e disponibilidade materna, acarretando nas mães sentimentos positivos, negativos e ambivalentes. É importante que a mãe compreenda as aquisições próprias desse período, pois isso contribuirá para que ela lide mais adequadamente com uma relação que oscila entre dependência e independência.(AU)

The present study aimed to investigate maternal perceptions and feelings concerning child's developmental acquisitions from 18 to 20 months. Fourteen primiparus mothers, aged 20 to 37, of different socioeconomic background took part in the study. They lived with their partners in the metropolitan region of orto Alegre. A semi-structured interview was carried out, which was analyzed according to content analysis. The analysis focused on maternal experience and child development. The similarities and particularities of maternal perception and feelings concerning developmental acquisitions were examined. Results revealed an increase in language, motor, socio-emotional and cognitive-intellectual acquisitions. Children demanded more maternal attention and availability, provoking positive, negative and ambivalent feelings from their mother. It is important that mothers understand the acquisitions from this period which will enable them to deal more adequately with a relationship that oscillates between dependence and independence.(AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las percepciones maternales y los sentimientos delante de las adquisiciones del desarrollo del niño de los 18 a los 20 meses. Participaron 14 madres primíparas, con edades entre 20 y 37 años, con nivel socioeconómico variado y que conviven con sus respectivos maridos en la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Fue realizada una entrevista semi-estructurada, submetida al análisis cualitativo del contenido, que abordó la experiencia de la maternidad y el desarrollo del niño. Se buscó examinar semejanzas y particularidades de las opiniones y sentimientos maternales frente a las adquisiciones del desarrollo infantil. Los resultados indicaron adquisiciones intensas de la lengua, de la motricidad, socio-emocionales y intelectuales-cognitivas. Los niños exigieron mayor atención y disponibilidad de las madres, causando sensaciones positivas, negativas y ambivalentes en las mismas. Es importante que la madre entienda las adquisiciones apropiadas de este período ya que contribuirá para un trato más adecuado en una relación que oscila entre la dependencia y la independencia del niño.(AU)

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O presente estudo visou investigar as percepções e sentimentos maternos diante das aquisições de desenvolvimento da criança dos 18 aos 20 meses. Participaram 14 mães primíparas, com idades entre 20 e 37 anos, de níveis socioeconômicos variados, residentes com o marido na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Foi realizada e submetida à análise qualitativa de conteúdo uma entrevista semiestruturada que abordava a experiência da maternidade e o desenvolvimento da criança. Buscou-se examinar semelhanças e particularidades das percepções e sentimentos maternos ante as aquisições de desenvolvimento infantil. Os resultados revelaram um incremento nas aquisições de linguagem, motoras, socioemocionais e intelectual-cognitivas. As crianças demandaram maior atenção e disponibilidade materna, acarretando nas mães sentimentos positivos, negativos e ambivalentes. É importante que a mãe compreenda as aquisições próprias desse período, pois isso contribuirá para que ela lide mais adequadamente com uma relação que oscila entre dependência e independência.

The present study aimed to investigate maternal perceptions and feelings concerning child's developmental acquisitions from 18 to 20 months. Fourteen primiparus mothers, aged 20 to 37, of different socioeconomic background took part in the study. They lived with their partners in the metropolitan region of orto Alegre. A semi-structured interview was carried out, which was analyzed according to content analysis. The analysis focused on maternal experience and child development. The similarities and particularities of maternal perception and feelings concerning developmental acquisitions were examined. Results revealed an increase in language, motor, socio-emotional and cognitive-intellectual acquisitions. Children demanded more maternal attention and availability, provoking positive, negative and ambivalent feelings from their mother. It is important that mothers understand the acquisitions from this period which will enable them to deal more adequately with a relationship that oscillates between dependence and independence.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las percepciones maternales y los sentimientos delante de las adquisiciones del desarrollo del niño de los 18 a los 20 meses. Participaron 14 madres primíparas, con edades entre 20 y 37 años, con nivel socioeconómico variado y que conviven con sus respectivos maridos en la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Fue realizada una entrevista semi-estructurada, submetida al análisis cualitativo del contenido, que abordó la experiencia de la maternidad y el desarrollo del niño. Se buscó examinar semejanzas y particularidades de las opiniones y sentimientos maternales frente a las adquisiciones del desarrollo infantil. Los resultados indicaron adquisiciones intensas de la lengua, de la motricidad, socio-emocionales y intelectuales-cognitivas. Los niños exigieron mayor atención y disponibilidad de las madres, causando sensaciones positivas, negativas y ambivalentes en las mismas. Es importante que la madre entienda las adquisiciones apropiadas de este período ya que contribuirá para un trato más adecuado en una relación que oscila entre la dependencia y la independencia del niño.

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