RESUMO

We report the feasibility of a combined approach of very low low tidal volume (VT) and mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) to decrease the ventilatory load in a severe COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) cohort. Inclusion criteria was patients ≥18-years-old, severe COVID-19-related ARDS, driving pressure ∆P >15 cmH2O despite low-VT strategy, and extracorporeal therapies not available. MTH was induced with a surface cooling device aiming at 34°C. MTH was maintained for 72 h, followed by rewarming of 1°C per day. Data were shown in median (interquartile range, 25%-75%). Mixed effects analysis and Dunnett's test were used for comparisons. Seven patients were reported. Ventilatory load decreased during the first 24 h, minute ventilation (VE) decreased from 173 (170-192) to 152 (137-170) mL/kg/min (P = 0.007), and mechanical power (MP) decreased from 37 (31-40) to 29 (26-34) J/min (P = 0.03). At the end of the MTH period, the VT, P, and plateau pressure remained consistently close to 3.9 mL/kg predicted body weight, 12 and 26 cmH2O, respectively. A combined strategy of MTH and ultraprotective mechanical ventilation (MV) decreased VE and MP in severe COVID-19-related ARDS. The decreasing of ventilatory load may allow maintaining MV within safety thresholds.

RESUMO

This study aimed to observe the effects of lung-protective ventilation (LPV) on oxygenation index (OI) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in middle-aged and elderly patients. A total of 120 patients who were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with an expected time of >3 h were randomly divided into conventional ventilation (CV group) with tidal volume (TV) of 10 mL/kg without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and lung-protective ventilation (PV group) with 7 mL/kg TV and personal level of PEEP with regular recruitment maneuver every 30 min. Measurements of OI, modified clinical pulmonary infection score (mCPIS), and PPCs were assessed during the perioperative period. Fifty-seven patients in the CV group and 58 in the PV group participated in the data analysis. Patients in the PV group showed better pulmonary dynamic compliance, OI, and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation during and after surgery. The mCPIS was significantly lower in the PV group than in the CV group after surgery. The incidence rate of PPCs was lower in the PV group than in the CV group and the difference was significant in patients whose ventilation time was longer than 6 h in both groups. LPV during laparoscopic radical gastrectomy significantly improved pulmonary oxygenation function and reduced postoperative mCPIS and the incidence of PPCs during the early period after surgery of middle-aged and elderly patients, especially patients whose mechanical ventilation time was longer than 6 h.

Assuntos

RESUMO

En esta revisión se recogen los conceptos fundamentales del uso de la ventilación mecánica (VM) invasiva, principalmente en la insufciencia respiratoria aguda. La VM es una práctica común en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y debe ser entendida como una terapia de sostén destinada a sustituir el trabajo respiratorio mientras se restablece el balance entre la demanda ventilatoria y la capacidad del paciente para sostenerla. Se debe reconocer que el objetivo de la VM no es la normalización de los gases sanguíneos, sino obtener un intercambio gaseoso razonable, sin sobrepasar los umbrales de seguridad, lo que permite limitar el daño inducido por su uso.

In this review, we collect the fundamental concepts of the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) in children, particularly in acute respiratory failure. MV is a common practice in the ICU and must be understood as a therapeutic intervention to replace the work of breathing while restores the balance between ventilatory demand and the patient's ability to sustain it. It is essential for the clinician to recognize that the goal of mechanical ventilatory support is not to normalize the patient's blood gases but providing a reasonable gas exchange; the benefts are obtained if the safety thresholds are not exceeded. Thus, this strategy has become the only tool available to limit the development of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).

Assuntos

RESUMO

En esta revisión se recogen los conceptos fundamentales del uso de la ventilación mecánica (VM) invasiva, principalmente en la insufciencia respiratoria aguda. La VM es una práctica común en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y debe ser entendida como una terapia de sostén destinada a sustituir el trabajo respiratorio mientras se restablece el balance entre la demanda ventilatoria y la capacidad del paciente para sostenerla. Se debe reconocer que el objetivo de la VM no es la normalización de los gases sanguíneos, sino obtener un intercambio gaseoso razonable, sin sobrepasar los umbrales de seguridad, lo que permite limitar el daño inducido por su uso.(AU)

In this review, we collect the fundamental concepts of the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) in children, particularly in acute respiratory failure. MV is a common practice in the ICU and must be understood as a therapeutic intervention to replace the work of breathing while restores the balance between ventilatory demand and the patients ability to sustain it. It is essential for the clinician to recognize that the goal of mechanical ventilatory support is not to normalize the patients blood gases but providing a reasonable gas exchange; the benefts are obtained if the safety thresholds are not exceeded. Thus, this strategy has become the only tool available to limit the development of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).(AU)

Assuntos