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The common cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus causes severe limitations to livestock production. Bovine genetics could be a decisive component for the success or failure of control programs for ticks and diseases transmitted. The objective of this work was to detect chromosomal regions associated with host resistance to R. microplus through an associative mapping study using medium and high density microarrays in a population of Argentine Creole cattle. The phenotypic record of the number of ticks that completed their development on the host, after artificial infestations, was obtained during 2015 to 2020. Genomic DNA was extracted for genotyping from 192 animals using Affymetrix high (Axiom™ Bos 1) and medium density (ArBos1) microarrays. In an exploratory study, chromosomal regions containing putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were recognized on chromosomes 27, 11, 10, 9, 16, 13, 3, 19, 8 and 18, associated with the variation of R. microplus load. Gene ontology based on genes located on these regions revealed an enrichment of terms and pathways for the immune system, blood coagulation, tissue regeneration, endopeptidase activity and protein phosphorylation. The information obtained in this work constitutes a first report of QTLs for tick count in the Argentine Creole cattle, and contributes with the knowledge about the underlying process involved in tick resistance.

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This study aimed to carry out the morphological characterization of the remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in municipalities of the state of Goiás, Brazil. Forty male horses were evaluated using the age of five years as a criterion. Sixteen linear measurements and 13 zootechnical indices were obtained. Subsequently, the mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and covariances of these measures and indices were obtained using the software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. The measures withers height (WH), croup height (CH), midback height (MH), sternum-to-ground height (SH), chest index (CI), and estimated weight (W) allowed characterizing Curraleiro horses as small-sized, light, and fast, with proportional measures. The dactyl-thoracic index (DTI), body index (BI), conformation index (CFI), load index 1 and 2 (LOI1 and LOI2), and compactness index 1 and 2 (COI1 and COI2) showed that the Curraleiro horse has an intermediate capacity for speed and strength, bearing considerable weight on the back, with saddling aptitude and fast work. These results represent the beginning of the formation of a database that may contribute to future studies and the conservation of the Curraleiro horse in the state of Goiás.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi a realização da caracterização morfológica de espécimes remanescentes do cavalo Curraleiro em municípios do estado de Goiás, Brasil. Foram avaliados 40 cavalos machos, tendo como critério a idade a partir de cinco anos, dos quais se obteve 16 medidas lineares e 13 índices zootécnicos. Posteriormente, a média, o desvio padrão, o mínimo, o máximo e as covariâncias dessas medidas e índices foram obtidos por meio da utilização do software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. As medidas altura da cernelha (AC), altura da garupa (AG), altura do costado (ACost), vazio subesternal (VAZ), índice peitoral (IP) e peso estimado (P) permitiram caracterizar os cavalos Curraleiros como um grupo de pequeno porte, leve, veloz e com medidas proporcionais. Os índices dáctilo-torácico (IDT), corporal (IC), de conformação (ICF), de carga 1 e 2 (ICG1 e ICG2) e de compacidade 1 e 2 (ICO1 e ICO2) demonstraram que o cavalo Curraleiro tem capacidade intermediária para velocidade e força, suportam considerável peso sobre o dorso, e possuem aptidão para sela e tração ligeira. Tais resultados representam o início da formação de uma base de dados que pode contribuir para estudos futuros e a conservação do cavalo Curraleiro no estado de Goiás.(AU)

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The present study aims to assess (1) the ecosystem services (ES) provided by LFS and (2) the differential ES between local (Creole) and exotic breeds from pig, cattle and goat. The ES are defined as the benefits that humans derive from LFS. They were summarized in 12 ES indicators that cover services related to provisioning, ecological and socio-cultural aspects and territorial vitality. A total of 106 LFS units that covers the five agroecological zones of Guadeloupe were analysed. Functional typologies of LFS per species were created from surveys. The effect of breed on the ES indicators was tested. Results showed that the 40 pig LFS units were separated into 3 clusters that were differentiated in ES according to provisioning ES (cluster 1), cultural use and sale to the neighborhood (cluster 2) and pork self-consumption (cluster 3). The typology of the 57 farms with cattle distinguished 4 clusters with differences in ES provided in self-consumption (cluster1), ecological ES (cluster 2), socio-cultural ES for racing or draught oxen (cluster 3) and ES associated with territory vitality (cluster 4). The 66 goat LFS units were classified into 3 clusters different in ES concerning self-consumption (cluster 1), cultural aspects (cluster 2) and provisioning ES (cluster 3). Our study highlights that ES indicators are not breed dependent (P > 0.10) but rather livestock farming system dependent. The ES rely more on the rearing management than on the breed type, and up to now, there are no specifications in Guadeloupe to differentiate management between breeds.

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Local chicken populations are a major source of food in the rural areas of South America. However, very little is known about their genetic composition and diversity. Here, we analyzed five populations from South America to investigate their maternal genetic origin and diversity, hoping to mitigate the lack of information on local chicken populations from this region. We also included three populations of chicken from the Iberian Peninsula and one from Easter Island, which are potential sources of the first chickens introduced in South America. The obtained sequencing data from South American chickens indicate the presence of four haplogroups (A, B, E and D) that can be further subdivided into nine sub-haplogroups. Of these, four (B1, D1a, E1a(b), E1b) were absent from local Iberian Peninsula chickens and one (D1a) was present only on Easter Island. The presence of the sub-haplogroups A1a(b) and E1a(b) in South America, previously only observed in Eastern Asia, and the significant population differentiation between Iberian Peninsula and South American populations, suggest a second maternal source of the extant genetic pool in South American chickens.

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This study compared the health status of Curraleiro cattle and other breeds (Nellore, Girolando, Guzera, and Caracu) for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis screening against anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, respectively. We used 119 female bovines of Curraleiro, Guzera, Nellore, Caracu, and Girolando breeds from four farms in Goias and Tocantins states and in the border of Goias, Minas Gerais, and Bahia states. All the farms had seropositive bovines for N. caninum. The number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle was significantly higher than the number of Guzera and Nellore cattle. Also, antibodies against toxoplasmosis were found in animals from all properties. There was no significant difference between the number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle and the breeds Nellore, Girolando, and Guzerá; however, it was significantly higher than the number of seropositive animals of Caracu breed. (AU)

Este estudo comparou a soroprevalência de N. caninum e T. gondii em bovinos Curraleiros ao de outras raças bovinas (Nelore, Girolando, Guzerá e Caracu). Foram utilizadas 119 fêmeas bovinas adultas provenientes de quatro propriedades localizadas nos estados de Goiás e Tocantins e na divisa entre Goiás, Minas Gerais e Bahia. Animais soropositivos para N. caninum foram encontrados em todas as propriedades e o número de Curraleiros reagentes foi significativamente maior em relação aos bovinos Guzerá e Nelore. Também foram identificados anticorpos anti-T. gondii nos animais em todas as propriedades. A prevalência de soropositivos para T. gondii foi semelhante entre Curraleiros e bovinos das raças Nelore, Girolando e Guzerá; entretanto, foi significativamente maior em relação à raça Caracu.(AU)

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Abstract This study compared the health status of Curraleiro cattle and other breeds (Nellore, Girolando, Guzera, and Caracu) for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis screening against anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, respectively. We used 119 female bovines of Curraleiro, Guzera, Nellore, Caracu, and Girolando breeds from four farms in Goias and Tocantins states and in the border of Goias, Minas Gerais, and Bahia states. All the farms had seropositive bovines for N. caninum. The number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle was significantly higher than the number of Guzera and Nellore cattle. Also, antibodies against toxoplasmosis were found in animals from all properties. There was no significant difference between the number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle and the breeds Nellore, Girolando, and Guzerá; however, it was significantly higher than the number of seropositive animals of Caracu breed.

Resumo Este estudo comparou a soroprevalência de N. caninum e T. gondii em bovinos Curraleiros ao de outras raças bovinas (Nelore, Girolando, Guzerá e Caracu). Foram utilizadas 119 fêmeas bovinas adultas provenientes de quatro propriedades localizadas nos estados de Goiás e Tocantins e na divisa entre Goiás, Minas Gerais e Bahia. Animais soropositivos para N. caninum foram encontrados em todas as propriedades e o número de Curraleiros reagentes foi significativamente maior em relação aos bovinos Guzerá e Nelore. Também foram identificados anticorpos anti-T. gondii nos animais em todas as propriedades. A prevalência de soropositivos para T. gondii foi semelhante entre Curraleiros e bovinos das raças Nelore, Girolando e Guzerá; entretanto, foi significativamente maior em relação à raça Caracu.

RESUMO

This study compared the health status of Curraleiro cattle and other breeds (Nellore, Girolando, Guzera, and Caracu) for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis screening against anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, respectively. We used 119 female bovines of Curraleiro, Guzera, Nellore, Caracu, and Girolando breeds from four farms in Goias and Tocantins states and in the border of Goias, Minas Gerais, and Bahia states. All the farms had seropositive bovines for N. caninum. The number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle was significantly higher than the number of Guzera and Nellore cattle. Also, antibodies against toxoplasmosis were found in animals from all properties. There was no significant difference between the number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle and the breeds Nellore, Girolando, and Guzerá; however, it was significantly higher than the number of seropositive animals of Caracu breed.

Este estudo comparou a soroprevalência de N. caninum e T. gondii em bovinos Curraleiros ao de outras raças bovinas (Nelore, Girolando, Guzerá e Caracu). Foram utilizadas 119 fêmeas bovinas adultas provenientes de quatro propriedades localizadas nos estados de Goiás e Tocantins e na divisa entre Goiás, Minas Gerais e Bahia. Animais soropositivos para N. caninum foram encontrados em todas as propriedades e o número de Curraleiros reagentes foi significativamente maior em relação aos bovinos Guzerá e Nelore. Também foram identificados anticorpos anti-T. gondii nos animais em todas as propriedades. A prevalência de soropositivos para T. gondii foi semelhante entre Curraleiros e bovinos das raças Nelore, Girolando e Guzerá; entretanto, foi significativamente maior em relação à raça Caracu.

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Estimates of genetic parameters are important to study characteristics that are to be included in a breeding program of a genetic group. The information of 594 weights from 211 lambs of a genetic group of naturalized Sul-mato-grossenses sheep belonging to Manoel de Barros Foundation and breeding at Centro Tecnologico de Ovinos from Anhanguera-Uniderp University was used. The estimation of variance components in unicaracter and bicaracter analysis were carried out through Bayesian inference. Estimates of heritability ranged from unicaracter analyses (0.22 to 0.47) and the bicaracter analyses (0.13 to 0.78). The maternal environmental permanent effect was higher in birth weight and average daily gain from birth to 50 days in 24.2% and 19.5%, respectively, in the observed variation. Estimates of heritability, maternal environmental permanent effect participation, phenotypic and genetic correlations indicate that selection for average daily gain from birth to 90 days would imply increases in weight at 50 days, weight at 90 days and average daily gain from 50 to 90 days of lambs with no significant increase in birth weight and average daily gain birth at 50 days.(AU)

Estimações de parâmetros genéticos são importantes para o estudo de características a serem inseridas em programas de melhoramento de um grupo genético. Foram utilizadas 594 informações de pesos referentes a 211 cordeiros do grupo genético de ovinos naturalizados Sul-mato-grossenses pertencentes à Fundação Manoel de Barros, criadas no Centro Tecnológico de Ovinos (CTO) da Universidade Anhanguera-Uniderp localizado em Campo Grande-MS. A estimativa dos componentes de variância nas análises uni e bicaracter foi realizada por meio de inferência bayesiana. As estimativas de herdabilidades unicaracter variaram de 0,22 a 0,47 e bicaracter de 0,13 a 0,78. O efeito permanente de ambiente materno foi maior no peso ao nascimento (PN) e no ganho de peso do nascimento aos 50 dias (GP0-50) em 24,2% e 19,5%, respectivamente, da variação observada. As estimativas de herdabilidades, participação do efeito permanente de ambiente materno, correlações genéticas e fenotípicas indicaram que a seleção para ganho de peso do nascimento aos 90 dias implicaria em incrementos no peso aos 50 dias, peso aos 90 dias e ganho de peso dos 50 aos 90 dias (GP50-90) dos cordeiros com aumentos inexpressivos no PN e GP0-50.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Estimates of genetic parameters are important to study characteristics that are to be included in a breeding program of a genetic group. The information of 594 weights from 211 lambs of a genetic group of naturalized Sul-mato-grossenses sheep belonging to Manoel de Barros Foundation and breeding at Centro Tecnologico de Ovinos from Anhanguera-Uniderp University was used. The estimation of variance components in unicaracter and bicaracter analysis were carried out through Bayesian inference. Estimates of heritability ranged from unicaracter analyses (0.22 to 0.47) and the bicaracter analyses (0.13 to 0.78). The maternal environmental permanent effect was higher in birth weight and average daily gain from birth to 50 days in 24.2% and 19.5%, respectively, in the observed variation. Estimates of heritability, maternal environmental permanent effect participation, phenotypic and genetic correlations indicate that selection for average daily gain from birth to 90 days would imply increases in weight at 50 days, weight at 90 days and average daily gain from 50 to 90 days of lambs with no significant increase in birth weight and average daily gain birth at 50 days.

Estimações de parâmetros genéticos são importantes para o estudo de características a serem inseridas em programas de melhoramento de um grupo genético. Foram utilizadas 594 informações de pesos referentes a 211 cordeiros do grupo genético de ovinos naturalizados Sul-mato-grossenses pertencentes à Fundação Manoel de Barros, criadas no Centro Tecnológico de Ovinos (CTO) da Universidade Anhanguera-Uniderp localizado em Campo Grande-MS. A estimativa dos componentes de variância nas análises uni e bicaracter foi realizada por meio de inferência bayesiana. As estimativas de herdabilidades unicaracter variaram de 0,22 a 0,47 e bicaracter de 0,13 a 0,78. O efeito permanente de ambiente materno foi maior no peso ao nascimento (PN) e no ganho de peso do nascimento aos 50 dias (GP0-50) em 24,2% e 19,5%, respectivamente, da variação observada. As estimativas de herdabilidades, participação do efeito permanente de ambiente materno, correlações genéticas e fenotípicas indicaram que a seleção para ganho de peso do nascimento aos 90 dias implicaria em incrementos no peso aos 50 dias, peso aos 90 dias e ganho de peso dos 50 aos 90 dias (GP50-90) dos cordeiros com aumentos inexpressivos no PN e GP0-50.

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