RESUMO
This Act creates in Uruguay the National Institute of Minors to succeed the Children's Council. The following are the duties of the Institute: 1) to assist and protect from conception to the age of majority minors morally or materially abandoned; 2) to carry out all those activities having the objective of preventing the material or moral abandonment and antisocial conduct of minors; 3) to contribute, in conjunction with other specialized organizations, to the protection of handicapped minors even when they have not been abandoned; 4) to cooperate with parents, guardians, and educators in bringing about the material, intellectual, and moral improvement of minors; 5) to control the working conditions of minors without infringing upon the competency of the Executive Power; 6) to execute security measures arranged by competent authorities to achieve the rehabilitation and education of transgressing minors; 7) to support the activities of private nonprofit institutions with legal capacity that pursue similar objectives. Further provisions of the Act set forth the resources, powers, and administration of the Institute, among other things. Decree No. 877/988 of 27 December 1988 provides that the Institute is related to the Executive Power by means of the Ministry of Education and Culture. See Diario Oficial de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay, Vol. 334, No. 22810, 17 February 1988, pp. 189A-190A.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Pessoas com Deficiência , Educação , Emprego , Cuidados no Lar de Adoção , Planejamento em Saúde , Legislação como Assunto , Organização e Administração , Política Pública , Seguridade Social , Fatores Etários , América , Criança , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , População , Características da População , América do Sul , UruguaiRESUMO
PIP: In 1984, Venezuela issued regulations for the Law on the Protection of Minors which emphasize two major points: 1) the paternity of a minor may be recognized voluntarily or compulsorily and 2) public and private organizations are to prevent any abuse, exploitation, manipulation, or negligent care of a minor. With respect to the first point, either parent can initiate a recognition proceeding voluntarily and any interested person can initiate a compulsory recognition proceeding when the mother or father refuses to recognize the concerned minor. With respect to the second point, the Regulations define abuse, exploitation of a minor, manipulation of a minor, and negligent care. The Regulations also create a legal mechanism known as a support solvency document to ensure the fulfillment of support obligations toward minors. The document states whether a parent has paid support owed to a minor and must be presented when the parent wishes to make a property transaction, leave the country, or obtain social benefits from the State. The Regulations call for the National Institute of Minors to design and present to the Ministry of Youth general and specific objectives to contribute to the development of minors and the family and to form model rules for orienting national action. Priority is to be given to families with the least resources. The Regulations also create a Youth Assistance Service to monitor and protect minors who have been abandoned or are in danger (because they consume drugs, live or socialize with persons of dubious reputation, are employed in occupations not suitable to their moral or physical health, or are engaged in begging). To protect such minors, the Service is authorized to inspect places of entertainment and gambling; to examine any visual or printed material directed at minors; to support the Ministry of Labor in monitoring the working conditions of minors; to intervene to provide food and shelter for minors; to help locate missing minors; and to take custody of minors. The Service is also to cooperate with other institutions in protecting minors and to aid the authorities in the prosecution of persons and institutions violating various aspects of these Regulations.^ieng
Assuntos
Adolescente , Maus-Tratos Infantis , Cuidado da Criança , Educação , Emprego , Família , Habitação , Legislação como Assunto , Pais , Política Pública , Fatores Etários , América , Comportamento , Educação Infantil , Crime , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Características da Família , Relações Familiares , Geografia , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , População , Características da População , Características de Residência , Problemas Sociais , América do Sul , VenezuelaRESUMO
PIP: This document reprints provisions of Suriname's 1987 Constitution relating to freedom of movement, equality of the sexes, the right to life, the right to physical integrity, equal opportunity in employment, the family, children, maternity benefits, the right to health care, parental responsibilities, free and compulsory education, illiteracy, and housing. All citizens enjoy freedom of movement within the bounds of the law. All people within the territory may claim protection of their person and property, and discrimination is forbidden on the basis of birth, sex, race, language, religion, education, political beliefs, economic position, or other status. Torture or inhuman treatment and punishment is banned, and the right to life is protected by the law. The state guarantees the right to work, and all employees have the right to equal remuneration for equal work, safe working conditions, and sufficient rest and recreation. The family is protected, and husbands and wives are equal before the law. Children have the right to protection, and working women are entitled to paid maternity leave. The state promotes the right to good health by systematic improvements in living and working conditions and dissemination of health education. The right to education is protected by the provision of free general primary education and efforts of the state to enable all citizens to achieve the highest educational levels possible. The Constitution also calls for the institution of a plan to allow the state to create public housing.^ieng