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Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar los criterios de selección de pareja en relación al apego en adultos. Esta investigación fue cuantitativa, correlacional, de corte transversal, con 170 participantes, escogidos a través de un muestreo no probabilístico bola de nieve y discriminados con criterios de inclusión. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la Escala de Selección de Pareja de Romero, la cual evalúa los criterios para la selección de pareja. Para determinar el apego se empleó el instrumento CAMIR. En los resultados de selección de pareja, se evidenció que en similitud y atractivo la mayoría de los participantes consideran de baja importancia, en aspectos no verbales y complementariedad la mayoría indican tener un nivel de importancia medio; los rasgos de personalidad y la satisfacción de necesidades tuvieron un nivel de importancia alta. En apego, la mayoría de los evaluados, muestran un tipo de apego seguro e inseguro preocupado. De la misma manera, la gran mayoría no presentó un tipo de apego inseguro evitativo e inseguro desorganizado. Se concluye que existió correlación entre estilos de apego y selección de pareja, evidenciándose en la correlación positiva entre el estilo de apego seguro con el criterio satisfacción de necesidades; el estilo de apego inseguro evitativo tuvo una correlación positiva con: el criterio similitud, atractivo físico, aspectos no verbales y rasgos de personalidad; por último, el estilo de apego inseguro preocupado mantuvo una correlación positiva con el criterio complementariedad.

Abstract This research aimed to analyze the partner selection criteria concerning attachment in adults. This research was quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional, with 170 participants chosen through non-probabilistic snowball sampling and discriminated with inclusion criteria. The Romero Partner Selection Scale, which evaluates the criteria for partner selection, was used for data collection. The CAMIR instrument was used to determine attachment. In the results of partner selection, it was evident that in similarity and attractiveness, the majority of participants consider it to be of low importance; in non-verbal aspects and complementarity, the majority indicate having a medium level of importance; Personality traits and needs satisfaction had a high level of significance. In attachment, most of those evaluated show a type of secure and preoccupied insecure attachment. In the same way, the vast majority did not present a kind of avoidant and disorganized insecure attachment. It is concluded that there was a correlation between attachment styles and partner selection, evident in the positive correlation between the secure attachment style and the needs satisfaction criterion; the insecure-avoidant attachment style had a positive correlation with the similarity criterion, physical attractiveness, non-verbal aspects, and personality traits; Finally, the preoccupied insecure attachment style maintained a positive correlation with the complementarity criterion.

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Introduction: The care challenges brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic required nurses to have new skills in coping with health demands. In addition, this professional emerges as an important tool through the therapeutic relationship. Thus, they can be seen as a bridge of support between family members and patients. Objective: To know the perspective of nurses on telenursing as therapeutic in the context of family members of patients with COVID-19 and to discuss in the light of Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationships. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory study with a qualitative approach to the data, carried out in a private general hospital in Teresina-PI, in 2022, with a semi-structured interview. Followed by a reflective structure with the use and philosophical theoretical construct of Hildegard Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationships, from 1952. Results: Nurses perceive remote assistance as an important tool for meeting the psychological and social needs of the family of patients with COVID-19. On the occasion, the nurses look at the patients' relatives experiencing the therapeutic relationship through information mediated by telenursing, which included the description of the main daily care, among other information. Discussion: Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationships gives meaning to the experience of telenursing from the perspective of nurses. Conclusion: The perspective of nurses on the remote therapeutic relationship with family members of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection involved bonding and welcoming as points of development of trust, which brought positive results to family members, given the uncertainties experienced during the pandemic.

Introducción: Los desafíos de salud planteados por la pandemia de COVID-19 exigieron nuevas habilidades de las enfermeras para enfrentar las demandas de salud. Además, este profesional emerge como una herramienta importante a través de la relación terapéutica. Por tanto, pueden verse como un puente de apoyo entre familiares y pacientes. Objetivo: Comprender la perspectiva de los enfermeros sobre la teleenfermería como terapia en el contexto de familiares de pacientes con COVID-19 y discutir a la luz de la teoría de las relaciones interpersonales de Peplau. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio transversal, con enfoque de datos cualitativos, realizado en un hospital general privado de Teresina-PI, en 2022, con entrevistas semiestructuradas. Seguido de una estructura reflexiva utilizando el constructo teórico filosófico de la teoría de las relaciones interpersonales de Hildegard Peplau, de 1952. Resultados: Los enfermeros perciben la asistencia remota como una herramienta importante para satisfacer las necesidades psicológicas y sociales de las familias de los pacientes con COVID-19. En esta ocasión, los enfermeros observan a los familiares de los pacientes que viven la relación terapéutica a través de informaciones mediadas por la teleenfermería, que incluye una descripción de los principales cuidados diarios, entre otras informaciones. Discusión: La teoría de las relaciones interpersonales de Peplau da sentido a la experiencia de teleenfermería desde la perspectiva de las enfermeras. Conclusión: La perspectiva de los enfermeros sobre la relación terapéutica a distancia con los familiares de los pacientes diagnosticados con infección por COVID-19 involucró el vínculo y la acogida como puntos de desarrollo de la confianza, lo que trajo resultados positivos para los familiares, dadas las incertidumbres vividas durante la pandemia.

Introdução: Os desafios assistenciais trazidos pela pandemia por COVID-19 exigiram dos enfermeiros novas habilidades no enfrentamento de demandas de saúde. Além disto, este profissional surge como importante ferramenta através do relacionamento terapêutico. Assim, podem ser vistos como uma ponte de apoio entre familiares e pacientes. Objetivo: Conhecer a perspectiva de enfermeiros sobre a telenfermagem como terapêutico no contexto de familiares de pacientes com COVID-19 e discutir à luz da teoria das relações interpessoais de Peplau. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa dos dados, realizado em um hospital geral privado em Teresina-PI, em 2022, com entrevista semiestruturada. Seguido de estrutura reflexiva com utilização e construto teórico filosófico da teoria das relações interpessoais de Hildegard Peplau, de 1952. Resultados: Os enfermeiros percebem a assistência remota como importante ferramenta para o suprimento de necessidades psíquicas e sociais da família dos pacientes com COVID-19. Na oportunidade, os enfermeiros lançam o olhar sobre os familiares dos pacientes vivenciarem o relacionamento terapêutico por meio das informações mediadas pela telenfermagem que incluía a descrição dos principais cuidados diários dentre outras informações. Discussão: A teoria das relações interpessoais de Peplau dá sentido à experiencia da telenfermagem na perspectiva das enfermeiras. Conclusão: A perspectiva de enfermeiros sobre o relacionamento terapêutico remoto com familiares de pacientes diagnosticados com infecção por COVID-19 envolveu o vínculo e acolhimento como pontos de desenvolvimento de confiança, o que trouxe resultados positivos aos familiares, diante das incertezas vivenciadas durante a pandemia.

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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é abordar as características da dependência emocional e apresentar como ela afeta os relacionamentos interpessoais e influencia negativamente a saúde mental dos indivíduos acometidos. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa, ancorada em materiais científicos da área psicológica. Os resultados mostraram um indicativo de maior dependência emocional nas mulheres e o sentimento de culpa, medo do abandono, vazio emocional, despersonalização, ansiedade e depressão como principais consequências da dependência. Em muitas situações ocorre a violência doméstica, e a permanência da mulher dependente ao lado do parceiro agressor contribui para manutenção do ciclo da violência. Assim, torna-se imprescindível abordar o assunto nas discussões sociais, buscando a conscientização sobre a dependência emocional e a importância do cuidado com a saúde mental do dependente, no intuito de evitar ou tratar o problema.

Abstract: This study characterizes emotional dependency and demonstrates how it affects interpersonal relationships, negatively influencing the affected individual's mental health. A narrative review was conducted on scientific publications in Psychology, which indicated greater emotional dependency among women. Guilt, fear of abandonment, emotional emptiness, depersonalization, anxiety and depression were the main consequences of dependency. Domestic violence occurs in many instances, and its cycle is maintained by the dependent woman staying with the aggressor. Addressing the issue in social discussions is essential to raise awareness about emotional dependency and the importance of taking care of the dependent's mental health in order to avoid or treat dependency.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio es abordar las características de la dependencia emocional y mostrar cómo esto afecta a las relaciones interpersonales e influye negativamente en la salud mental de las personas afectadas. Se realizó una revisión narrativa, basada en materiales científicos en el campo psicológico. Los resultados mostraron un indicio de una mayor dependencia emocional en las mujeres, y las principales consecuencias de la dependencia fueron sentimiento de culpa, miedo al abandono, vacío emocional, despersonalización, ansiedad y depresión. En muchas situaciones ocurre la violencia doméstica, y la permanencia de la mujer dependiente al lado de la pareja agresora contribuye al mantenimiento del ciclo de violencia. Por ello, es fundamental abordar el tema en las discusiones sociales, buscando concientizar sobre la dependencia emocional y la importancia del cuidado de la salud mental del dependiente, con el fin de evitar o tratar la dependencia.

Résumé : Cette étude caractérise la dépendance émotionnelle et montre comment elle affecte les relations interpersonnelles, en influençant négativement la santé mentale des personnes affectées. Une revue narrative des publications scientifiques dans la Psychologie a été réalisée, laquelle a indiqué une plus grande dépendance émotionnelle chez les femmes. Culpabilité, peur de l'abandon, vide affectif, dépersonnalisation, anxiété et dépression sont les principales conséquences de la dépendance. Violences conjugales sont communs dans plusieurs situations, et la permanence de la femme dépendante au côté du agresseur maintien le cycle de violence. Il est essentiel d'aborder la question dans de discussions sociales pour sensibiliser à la dépendance émotionnelle et à l'importance de prendre soin de la santé mentale de la personne dépendante afin d'éviter ou de traiter la dépendance.

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Resumo A Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) foi desenvolvida para acessar crenças sobre romantismo, que podem impactar na formação e qualidade de relacionamentos românticos. Tais crenças podem ser acessadas por meio de quatro fatores que representam o amor romântico ideal, sendo elas: Um e único, Idealização, Amor à primeira vista e Amor encontra uma maneira. Este estudo buscou evidências de validade para a RBS em um contexto brasileiro baseadas na estrutura interna e relações com as variáveis satisfação com o relacionamento e personalidade (Cinco Grandes Fatores e Investimento Emocional). Responderam a um questionário on-line 818 brasileiros com média de idade de 30,7 anos (DP= 14,1), sendo 73,2% mulheres. A escala apresentou evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna do instrumento e na relação com outras variáveis, e melhor ajuste a um modelo de fator de segunda ordem explicando os quatro fatores da escala original. Foram encontradas correlações positivas entre os fatores da RBS-Brasil e os fatores de personalidade Extroversão, Socialização e Realização, a Satisfação com o relacionamento e o Investimento emocional.

Abstract The Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) was developed to assess beliefs about romanticism, that can impact the formation and quality of romantic relationships. These beliefs can be assessed using four factors that represent the ideal romantic love, which are: One and only, Idealization, Love at first sight, and Love finds a way. This study sought evidence of validity for the RBS in a Brazilian context based on internal structure and relationships with the variables relationship satisfaction and personality (Big Five Factors and Emotional Investment). A total of 818 Brazilians with an average age of 30.7 years (SD= 14.1) responded to an online questionnaire, of which 73.2% were women. The scale showed satisfactory evidence of validity based on the internal structure and relation with other variables, and best fit to a second-order factor model explaining the four factors of the original scale. Positive correlations were found between the factors of RBS and personality factors Extraversion, Agreeableness and Consciousness, Relationship satisfaction and Emotional investment.

Resumen La Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) fue desarrolló para evaluar las creencias sobre el romanticismo, las cuales pueden afectar la formación y calidad de las relaciones románticas. Estas creencias pueden ser accedidas a través de cuatro factores que representan el amor romántico ideal, los cuales son: Único, Idealización, Amor a primera vista y Amor encuentra un camino. Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez para el RBS en un contexto brasileño basadas en la estructura interna y relaciones con variables como la satisfacción con la relación y la personalidad (Cinco Grandes Factores e Inversión Emocional). Respondieron a un cuestionario 818 brasileños con una media de edad de 30.7 años (DE= 14.1), de los cuales el 73.2% eran mujeres. La escala mostró evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna del instrumento y en la relación con otras variables, y un mejor ajuste a un modelo factorial de segundo orden que explica los cuatro factores de la escala original. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre los factores de RBS-Brasil y los factores de personalidad Extraversión, Amabilidad y Realización, así como con la Satisfacción con la relación e Investidura emocional.

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Embora interações com amigos e parceiros amorosos ganhem importância na adolescência, ainda há controvérsias acerca da profundidade e da qualidade da vinculação amorosa. Buscou-se avaliar a percepção de setenta adolescentes gaúchos (12 a 18 anos), de escolas públicas e privadas de Porto Alegre e Canoas/RS, acerca do amor e do suporte do(a) parceiro(a) amoroso(a), e verificar suas associações com características sociodemográficas. Aplicou-se individualmente, em sala de aula, um questionário de dados sociodemográficos, o Inventário de Qualidade dos Relacionamentos Interpessoais e a Escala Triangular do Amor ­ Versão Reduzida. Os dados obtidos foram digitados em planilha no SPSS e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e correlacional (Correlação de Spearman e comparação entre grupos via teste de Mann-Whitney, considerando as variáveis gênero, faixa etária, renda familiar, religião, escolaridade e presença ou não de relação sexual). Os adolescentes perceberam seus relacionamentos como importantes, considerando-os boa fonte de suporte, apresentando altos índices de intimidade, paixão e comprometimento e baixo nível de conflito. Encontrou-se associação positiva entre comprometimento e profundidade e intimidade e suporte, assim como entre maior idade e maior comprometimento. Ter relacionamento sexual associou-se a maior percepção de conflito e paixão. Os relacionamentos amorosos mostraram ser fonte de suporte para o desenvolvimento saudável desses adolescentes.

Although interactions with friends and romantic relationships become important during adolescence, there is still controversy about the depth and quality of adolescents' attachment to their romantic partners. The present study aimed to evaluate the adolescents' perception of love and their romantic partner's support, as well as to verify its possible associations with sociodemographic characteristics. Seventy adolescents (12 to 18 years old) from South Brazil, enrolled in public and private schools of Porto Alegre and Canoas/RS, fulfilled individually, at school, a sociodemographic data questionnaire, the Quality of Relationships Inventory and the Triangular Love Scale ­ Reduced Version. The collected data were entered into a spreadsheet in SPSS. Descriptive and correlational statistics analysis were performed (Spearman correlation and comparison between groups via Mann-Whitney test, considering the variables gender, age group, family income, religion, education level, and the presence or absence of sexual intercourse). The adolescents perceived their romantic relationships as important, as a good source of support, showing high levels of intimacy, passion and commitment, and low levels of conflict. A positive association was found between commitment and depth, and intimacy and support, as well as higher age and more advanced levels of commitment. Having a sexual relationship was associated with a higher perception of conflict and passion. Romantic relationships proved to be a source of support for the healthy development of these adolescents.

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Ainda é desconhecido o papel da amizade enquanto constitutiva da rede de apoio social nos transtornos alimentares (TAs). Esta revisão integrativa teve por objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre relações de amizade em pessoas com TAs. Foram consultadas as bases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Web of Science e EMBASE, de 2010 a 2020. Dos 1126 artigos recuperados, 15 preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade. A maioria tem abordagem qualitativa e delineamento transversal, sem indicar referencial teórico. Aspectos qualitativos das relações de amizade foram associados com redução da frequência e intensidade de sintomas quando o vínculo era considerado de boa qualidade. Já amizades que envolviam comentários depreciativos e influências negativas acerca do corpo e hábitos alimentares foram considerados fatores de risco para desencadeamento dos transtornos. Investir na qualidade dos relacionamentos entre pares pode contribuir para fortalecer a rede de proteção social e reduzir a vulnerabilidade psicossocial de adolescentes com risco para desenvolver TAs. (AU)

There is still little knowledge about the role of friendship within the social support network in eating disorders (EDs). This integrative review aimed to analyze the scientific production about friendship relationships in people with EDs. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases in the period from 2010 to 2020. Among the 1126 articles retrieved, 15 met the eligibility criteria, most with a qualitative approach and cross-sectional design, without indicating a theoretical framework. The qualitative aspects of friendship were associated with a reduced frequency and intensity of symptoms when the bond was considered to be of good quality. On the other hand, friendships that involved derogatory comments and negative influences related to body image and eating habits emerged as potential risk factors for triggering disorders. Investing in the quality of peer relationships can contribute to strengthening the social safety net and reducing the psychosocial vulnerability of adolescents at higher risk for developing EDs. (AU)

El papel de la amistad como constitutiva de la red de apoyo social en los trastornos alimentarios (TAs) es aún desconocido. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la producción científica sobre las relaciones de amistad en personas con TAs. Se consultaron las bases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Web of Science e EMBASE, entre 2010 y 2020. De los 1126 artículos recuperados, 15 cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad. La mayoría tiene enfoque cualitativo y diseño transversal, sin indicar el marco teórico. Los aspectos cualitativos de las relaciones de amistad se asociaron con una menor frecuencia/intensidad de los síntomas cuando el vínculo se consideraba de buena calidad. Amistades que implicaban comentarios despectivos e influencias negativas sobre el cuerpo y los hábitos alimentarios se consideraron factores de riesgo. Invertir en la calidad de las relaciones entre pares puede contribuir a reforzar la red de protección social y reducir la vulnerabilidad de adolescentes con riesgo de desarrollar TAs. (AU)

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OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: Interpersonal relationships, as an important variable affecting the physical and mental health and future development of individuals, were used to construct a structural equation model between physical activity and interpersonal relationships in order to help college students better adapt to society and achieve a high level of mental health. METHODS: SPSS 27.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, and Amos 28.0 software was used to construct the model between variables. The results showed that physical activity directly predicted the interpersonal relationship status of college students (ß = - 0.108, 95% CI [- 0.210, - 0.005]), and the chain mediating effect of physical activity → self-control → mobile phone addiction tendency → interpersonal relationship distress was significant (ß = - 0.012, 95% CI [- 0.033, - 0.003]). The results of this study suggest that physical activity may be viewed as an effective intervention strategy to mitigate the interpersonal challenges that college students may face in the future.

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Abstract Introduction Academic performance in medical students can be influenced by several factors, including those related to mental health and family relationships. Objective To examine the factors affecting academic performance in medical students, specifically considering potential diagnoses of depression. Method A survey was conducted among 747 fourth-year medical students. The survey included questions on sociodemographic variables, mental health, and well-being. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was utilized, encompassing sections on depression, anxiety, panic, eating habits, alcohol consumption, and the Stress Perception Scale. Academic performance was assessed based on students' Grade Point Average (GPA). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and a linear regression model were employed for data analysis. Results The study revealed several variables significantly associated with GPA. Age (r = -.388), financial situation (r = .241), relationships with cohabitants (r = .165), and relationships with peers (r = .217) were found to have a correlation with academic performance. Additionally, repeating a course was found to be significantly associated with a person's GPA (r = .518) even after controlling for depression. Discussion and conclusion The findings indicate that robust mental health, a favorable financial situation, and positive interpersonal relationships are crucial for achieving optimal academic performance in medical students. These results emphasize the need to address mental health concerns, promote a supportive social environment, and provide financial assistance to enhance the educational outcomes of medical students.

Resumen Introducción El desempeño académico de los estudiantes de medicina puede verse influenciado por varios factores, entre ellos los relacionados con la salud mental y las relaciones familiares. Objetivo Examinar los factores que afectan el desempeño académico en estudiantes de medicina, considerando específicamente los posibles diagnósticos de depresión. Método Se realizó una encuesta entre 747 estudiantes de cuarto año de la carrera de medicina. La encuesta incluyó preguntas sobre variables sociodemográficas, salud mental y bienestar. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente (PHQ), que comprende secciones sobre depresión, ansiedad, pánico, hábitos alimentarios, consumo de alcohol y la Escala de Percepción del Estrés. El desempeño académico se evaluó con base en el promedio de calificaciones (GPA) de los estudiantes. Se emplearon estadísticas descriptivas, coeficientes de correlación de Pearson y un modelo de regresión lineal para el análisis de datos. Resultados El estudio reveló varias variables significativamente asociadas con el GPA. Se encontró que la edad (r = -.388), la situación financiera (r = .241), las relaciones con los convivientes (r = .165) y las relaciones con los compañeros (r = .217) tenían correlación con el rendimiento académico. Además, se encontró que repetir un curso estaba significativamente asociado con el GPA de una persona (r = .518) incluso después de controlar la depresión. Discusión y conclusión Los hallazgos indican que una salud mental sólida, una situación financiera favorable y relaciones interpersonales positivas son cruciales para lograr un desempeño académico óptimo en los estudiantes de medicina. Estos resultados enfatizan la necesidad de abordar los problemas de salud mental, promover un entorno social de apoyo y brindar asistencia financiera para mejorar los resultados educativos de los estudiantes de medicina.

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La violencia en relaciones transitorias y de noviazgo puede considerarse una violencia huérfana en Colombia por su falta de reconocimiento y protección jurídica. El objetivo de esta investigación cualitativa fue analizar la violencia en las relaciones de pareja, incluyendo noviazgo y otras relaciones equiparables a éste, en Colombia. Se empleó la teoría fundamentada. La información se recopiló mediante ocho grupos focales con 63 estudiantes de universidades en las ciudades de Medellín, Quibdó, Pereira y Cali. Con frecuencia establecen relaciones transitorias de pareja donde existen diferentes formas de violencia naturalizadas, que requieren medidas legislativas específicas para su protección.

Dating violence in Colombia, can be considered an orphan violence because it lacks right to justice due it does not occur within the family, or in stable couples. The objective of this qualitative research was to analyze violence in intimate partner relationships, by including dating and other temporary relationships comparable to dating, in Colombia. Grounded theory was used. Information was collected through eight focus groups with 63 university students in the following cities: Medellin, Quibdó, Pereira, and Cali. They frequently establish transitory relationships where different forms of violence against women, that are naturalized and require specific legislative measures for their prevention and protection.

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Natural youth mentoring focuses on cross-age relationships that develop organically outside the construct of youth programs. In the United States, research has demonstrated the positive impact of these mentorships and scholars have applied natural concepts to formal mentoring schema. Little work has been done to examine how these relationships emerge and the factors that impact their development. This study, designed in partnership with a school in rural México, aimed to unpack these questions using grounded theory. Participants were students, alumni, and teachers. Data were collected through semistructured interviews. Findings indicate that despite adults' interest to create mentorships, adolescents and emerging adults will likely not be receptive until they are cognitively and emotionally ready. This study illuminated three factors of readiness-inhibitors, promoters, and activators-which contribute to this state of readiness at which point engagement with an adult seems to elevate from the typical bounds of youth-adult relationships to the natural mentorship level.

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BACKGROUND: Positive relationships are one of the most important components within the PERMA model since they facilitate the development of the other components. However, in the scientific literature, few instruments have been identified with solid psychometric properties that measure positive relationships in university students and adequately represent the construct. Therefore, the study aims to develop and study the psychometric properties of the PRI + 19 positive relationships scale through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, factorial invariance, and relationship-based validity with other variables. METHOD: A pilot sample of 201 university students (43.8% men and 56.2 women) between the ages of 18 and 34 (M = 20.9; SD = 2.74) was collected. The confirmatory sample consisted of 450 university students of both sexes (30.2% men and 69.8 women) between the ages of 18 and 35 years (M = 21.9; SD = 3.15). Along with the PRI + scale, other instruments were applied to measure satisfaction with life and psychological well-being. RESULTS: In the pilot study, the Exploratory Factor Analysis showed the presence of three factors that could explain 54.5% of the items. In the confirmatory study, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the model of three dimensions related to 19 items presents the best adjustment indexes compared to other models (χ2 = 541.61; df = 149; CFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.077 [IC90% 0.070 ‒ 0.084]). The scale also showed evidence of being strictly invariant for the groups of men and women. Finally, it was shown that the development of the positive bonds dimension positively predicts psychological well-being (0.35) and life satisfaction (0.20). The positive relationship management dimension positively predicts psychological well-being (0.28) and life satisfaction (0.29). Similarly, the integration dimension positively predicts psychological well-being (0.48) and life satisfaction (0.52). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the PRIM + 19 scale is a useful tool from which valid and reliable interpretations of positive relationships in Peruvian university students can be obtained.

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Comprehensive apologies are effective strategies to solve interpersonal conflict and promote reconciliation. However, transgressors tend to avoid providing comprehensive apologies because it is more threatening to do so. As a result, transgressors usually offer perfunctory apologies and hinder their own chances of being forgiven. Given the importance of promoting high-quality apologies, we investigate the role of moral identity in increasing apology comprehensiveness. Across three studies using a combination of experimental and correlational designs with autobiographical recall paradigm, we demonstrate that transgressors high in moral identity feel guiltier after committing a transgression. As a result, they offer more comprehensive apologies. Moreover, the effects of guilt on transgressors' apologizing are conditional on the perceived apology effectiveness. Guilt is particularly important to boost apology quality when perceived apology effectiveness is low. In such cases, guilt leads transgressors to make more reparative efforts towards reconciliation despite the low possibility of apology's acceptance.

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Objetivo: verificar os fatores associados à alta tolerância nas relações de amizade durante o período acadêmico. Métodos: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com 151 discentes de enfermagem de duas instituições de ensino superior privadas com coleta de dados sociodemográficos e aplicação de instrumento de avaliação da tolerância nas relações de amizade. Realizada análise por meio de estatística descritiva e regressão linear, com método backward. Resultados: verifica-se a predominância de discentes do sexo feminino, solteiras e católicas. Os discentes possuem idade média de 22,8 anos e 1,3 filhos. Reconhecer que é difícil conviver consigo; pedir desculpas, mesmo não estando errado; e acreditar que a amizade é aceitar a outra pessoa do jeito que ela é, foram fatores contribuintes para a alta tolerância. Além disso, o número de filhos contribui para o aumento da tolerância nas relações de amizade. Conclusão: a alta tolerância nas relações de amizade é importante não só para a permanência nos cursos de enfermagem, mas para o estabelecimento de vínculos interpessoais efetivos, o que reflete no comportamento em equipe, pois está relacionada à interdependência e multidisciplinaridade profissional contribuindo para a prestação de cuidado nos diversos serviços de saúde. (AU)

Objective: to verify the factors associated with high tolerance in friendships during the academic period. Methods: cross-sectional, analytical study carried out with 151 nursing students from two private educational institutions with collection of sociodemographic data and application of an instrument for assessing tolerance in friendship relationships. Analysis performed using descriptive statistics and linear regression, using the backward method. Results: there is a predominance of female, single and Catholic students. The students have an average age of 22.8 years and 1.3 children. Recognizing that it is difficult to live with you, apologizing even if you are not wrong and believing that friendship is accepting the other person as they are were contributing factors to high tolerance. In addition, the number of children contributes to increasing tolerance in friendly relationships. Conclusion: the high tolerance in friendship relationships is important not only for staying in nursing courses, but for establishing effective interpersonal bonds, which reflects in team behavior because it is related to professional interdependence and multidisciplinarity contributing to the provision of care in the various health services. (AU)

Objetivo: verificar los factores asociados a la alta tolerancia en las amistades durante el período académico. Métodos: estudio transversal, analítico realizado con 151 estudiantes de enfermería de dos instituciones educativas privadas con recolección de datos sociodemográficos y aplicación de un instrumento para evaluar la tolerancia en las relaciones de amistad. Análisis realizado mediante estadística descriptiva y regresión lineal, utilizando el método hacia atrás. Resultados: hay predominio de estudiantes mujeres, solteras y católicas. Los alumnos tienen una edad media de 22,8 años y 1,3 hijos. Reconocer que es difícil vivir consigo; pedir perdón, aunque no te equivoques; y creer que la amistad es aceptar a la otra persona como es, fueron factores que contribuyeron a una alta tolerancia. Además, el número de hijos contribuye a aumentar la tolerancia en las relaciones amistosas. Conclusión: la alta tolerancia en las relaciones de amistad es importante no solo para la permanencia en los cursos de enfermería, sino para establecer vínculos interpersonales efectivos, se refleja en el comportamiento del equipo, puesto que se relaciona con la interdependencia profesional y la multidisciplinariedad contribuyendo a la prestación de cuidados en los distintos servicios de salud. (AU)

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School coexistence is a fundamental aspect for good academic performance. The objective of the study was to identify school coexistence indices, and to analyze differences in academic performance according to these indices in students from public schools in the province of Biobío, Chile. This cross-sectional study involved 730 children (53.8% boys; 12 ± 1.2 years). School coexistence indices as a quality of interpersonal relationships between school bodies, the perception of violence and aggressiveness from a gender perspective, and the perception of levels of safety and unsafety in different school areas as well as academic performance through accumulated final grades (AFG) and grade point averages (GPA) were measured. A total of 40.9% and 41.3% of schoolchildren agreed or strongly agreed that stronger students are violent toward weaker students and boys are violent toward one another, respectively. The school areas most classified as unsafe or very unsafe were the restrooms (20.4%), followed by the playgrounds (10%), and the gym and fields (9.5%). Schoolchildren who classified the relationships within the school bodies as bad, or very bad, presented significantly lower AFG in subjects such as math, language (Spanish), and physical education and health as well as GPA. In the same line, those who perceived greater violence and aggressiveness among peers and higher insecurity in different school areas presented significantly poorer academic performance. In conclusion, students perceived violence and aggressiveness among themselves, and the school areas perceived as unsafe were identified. Furthermore, students who perceived poorer school coexistence indices presented a weaker academic performance.

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In recent years, the rise of social networks has changed relationships and lifestyles around the world. This has led to the emergence of the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which consists of the need to constantly check social media and the anguish that comes from feeling a lack of rewarding experiences. The impact derived from the use of technologies in a digital environment has been widely studied in young people but not so much in older adults. The main aim of this study was to analyze FoMO levels in older adults and their relationships with sociodemographic and formative factors. Another aim of this study was to analyze whether the dimensions of emotional intelligence, the different forms of attachment and psychological symptomatology affect the FoMO levels of older adults. A total of 690 older adults from Argentina aged between 60 and 90 years (M = 69.01; SD = 5.48) participated, 54.5% of whom were women, responding using a geolocated online questionnaire. The main results confirmed that older people show FoMO levels similar to other general samples. In addition, results show several predictor variables with respect to FoMO: emotional attention, insecure attachment, depression and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. The implications of the results observed in older adults are discussed.

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Abstract The observation of parent/child interaction is an effective method for identifying, evaluating, and monitoring adolescents and families who need or are undergoing intervention. This study aims to (1) describe a method of direct and systematic observation of dyadic interaction and (2) discuss its application in research with families with adolescents in northeastern Brazil. The data collection and analysis procedures are presented, indicating their possibilities and limits based on the lessons learned from this experience. The experience of applying the method is discussed through potential advances and challenges for the field of observational research in Psychology. It is concluded that the method of direct and systematic observation of dyadic interaction is, on the one hand, expensive in terms of expertise, time, and resources, and, on the other hand, it is a rich source of data for understanding interaction patterns in multiple contexts.

Resumo A observação da interação pai/mãe e filha/o é um método efetivo para identificação, avaliação e monitoramento de adolescentes e famílias que necessitem ou estejam em intervenção. Este artigo tem como objetivos: (1) descrever um método de observação direta e sistemática da interação diádica; e (2) discutir sobre sua aplicação em uma pesquisa junto a famílias com adolescentes do nordeste brasileiro. Apresentam-se os procedimentos de coleta e análise de dados, indicando suas possibilidades e limites a partir das lições aprendidas com esta vivência. Discute-se a experiência de aplicação do método por meio dos potenciais avanços e desafios para o campo da pesquisa observacional em Psicologia. Conclui-se que o método da observação direta e sistemática da interação diádica é, por um lado, dispendioso em termos de expertise, tempo e recursos e, por outro, consiste em rica fonte de dados para a compreensão dos padrões de interação em múltiplos contextos.

Resumen La observación de la interacción padre/hijo es un método efectivo para identificar, evaluar y monitorear a los adolescentes y familias que necesitan o están siendo intervenidos. Objetivos: (1) describir un método de observación directa y sistemática de la interacción diádica y (2) discutir su aplicación en una investigación junto a familias con adolescentes en el noreste brasileño. Se presentan los procedimientos de recolección y análisis de datos, indicando sus posibilidades y límites a partir de las lecciones aprendidas de esta experiencia. Se discute la experiencia de aplicación del método a través de potenciales avances y desafíos para el campo de la investigación observacional en Psicología. Se concluye que el método de observación directa y sistemática de la interacción diádica es, por un lado, costoso en términos de experiencia, tiempo y recursos y, por otro, es una rica fuente de datos para comprender los patrones de interacción en múltiples contextos.

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RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender como ocorre o compartilhamento de vivências de perda e apoio social tecido nas redes sociais significativas de pessoas enlutadas. O estudo qualitativo foi desenvolvido com 12 pessoas que perderam um membro familiar. Para a coleta de dados utilizaram-se a entrevista semiestruturada e o mapa de redes, e para a organização e integração dos dados foram utilizados os procedimentos de codificação da Teoria Fundamentada. Destacam-se os diferentes atores envolvidos num macro e microssistema de relacionamentos formados em torno do apoio à expressão e compartilhamento de vivências de luto. Assim, familiares, amigos, profissionais de saúde, colegas de trabalho e estudo desenvolveram um processo relacional de dar e receber apoio emocional, companhia social e ajuda material à pessoa em luto. Por sua vez, as características dos vínculos interpessoais do enlutado com os membros de sua rede, como a multidimensionalidade, a história da relação, disponibilidade e reciprocidade, facilitaram o compartilhamento das vivências de luto. Sob a perspectiva da promoção da saúde, cabe aos profissionais potencializar o apoio social que é adequado a cada pessoa enlutada tendo em vista os recursos de apoio disponíveis na sua rede de relações significativas. Considera-se que é pelo protagonismo do enlutado e o apoio dado e percebido no contexto das redes sociais significativas que é possível ocorrer a integração psicossocial de pessoas enlutadas que vivem uma situação de luto na contemporaneidade.

RESUMEN Este artículo tiene como objetivo entender cómo se comparten las experiencias de duelo de personas dolientes y el apoyo social brindado por importantes redes sociales. El estudio se desarrolló con 12 personas que perdieron a un familiar. Para la coleta de datos, se utilizaron una entrevista semiestructurada y mapa de red, y para la organización e integración de datos, se utilizaron los procedimientos de codificación de la Teoría Fundamentada. Se analizan los diferentes actores involucrados en un sistema de relación macro y micro formado para apoyar la expresión y compartir experiencias de duelo. Por lo tanto, familiares, amigos, profesionales de la salud, compañeros de trabajo y estudio desarrollaron un proceso relacional de dar y recibir apoyo emocional, compañía social y ayuda material en el duelo. A su vez, las características de los lazos interpersonales del doliente con los miembros de su red, como la multidimensionalidad, la historia de la relación, la disponibilidad y la reciprocidad, facilitó el intercambio de experiencias de duelo. Desde la perspectiva de la promoción de la salud, corresponde a los profesionales mejorar el apoyo social apropiado para cada persona en vista de los recursos de apoyo disponibles en su red de relaciones significativa. Se considera que es debido al protagonismo del doliente y al apoyo brindado en el contexto de redes sociales significativas que es posible que ocurra la integración psicosocial de personas afligidas que viven en una situación de duelo en los tiempos contemporáneos.

ABSTRACT This article aims to understand the experiences of loss and social support in significant social networks of bereaved people. The qualitative study involved 12 people who lost a family member during their adult life. For the data collection, I used semi-structured interviews and network maps, and for the organization and integration of the data, we used the coding procedures of the Grounded Theory. The different actors involved in a macro and micro relationship system formed around supporting expression and sharing experiences of mourning for the bereaved people are analyzed. Thus, family members, friends, health professionals, co-workers and study developed a relational process of giving and receiving emotional support, social companionship and material help in grieving. In turn, the characteristics of the mourner's interpersonal bonds with members of his network, such as multidimensionality, the history of the relationship, availability and reciprocity, facilitated the sharing of mourning experiences. From the perspective of the promotion of health, it corresponds to the professionals who improve the appropriate social support for each person in view of the support resources available in their network of significativ relationships.It is considered that it is because of the protagonism of the mourner and the support given in the context of significant social networks that it is possible to occur the psychosocial integration of bereaved people who live in a situation of mourning in contemporary times.

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Os sentidos atribuídos ao corpo estão comumente relacionados a sua limitação de nascer, viver e morrer. À vista disso, essas concepções atravessam todos os ciclos geracionais do indivíduo, desde antes do nascimento, na simbiose do binômio mãe-filho, até a morte. Sendo assim, há uma limitação da compreensão corporal na sua totalidade e a perpetuação da desinformação. Nesse sentido, o estudo tem como objetivo assimilar as percepções acerca da imagem corporal no decorrer dos ciclos de vida. Sendo adotada a abordagem qualitativa de um estudo comparativo e narrativo de casos múltiplos, constitui-se como cenário da pesquisa, uma unidade básica de saúde do município de Aracati/ CE, situado no litoral leste. A população foi estratificada em quatro grupos: infância, adolescência, adultos e velhice. Seguidamente, elencou-se a amostra pela escolha de dois indivíduos, masculino e feminino, de cada estrato etário. A aplicação das quatro oficinas ocorreu entre setembro e novembro de 2021, baseadas nas dinâmicas de sensibilidade e criatividade do método criativo sensível, alicerçado nas ideias de educação problematizadora de Paulo Freire. Já a análise foi realizada através da técnica de Análise do Discurso de Pêcheux. No decorrer desse estudo, percebeu-se que o corpo sofre representações mutáveis de signos e símbolos durante as gerações. Durante toda a pesquisa, a identificação da imagem corporal transitou nas experiências recentes e armazenadas de cada indivíduo. Sendo assim, a contribuição desta investigação para a atuação do profissional de saúde refere-se ao fato de que a comunicação é fundamental na relação entre profissional e cliente.

The meanings attributed to the body are commonly related to its limitation of being born, living and dying. Given this, these conceptions cross all the individual's generational cycles, from before birth, in the symbiosis of the mother-child binomial, until death. Therefore, there is a limitation of bodily understanding in its entirety and the perpetuation of misinformation. In this sense, the study aims to assimilate perceptions about body image throughout life cycles. The qualitative approach of a comparative and narrative study of multiple cases was adopted, the research setting was a basic health unit in the municipality of Aracati/CE, located on the east coast. The population was stratified into four groups: childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. Next, the sample was selected by choosing two individuals, a male and a female, from each age group. The implementation of the four workshops took place between September and November 2021, based on the dynamics of sensitivity and creativity of the sensitive creative method, based on the ideas of problematizing education by Paulo Freire. The analysis was carried out using the Pêcheux Discourse Analysis technique. During this study, it was noticed that the body undergoes changing representations of signs and symbols over the generations. Throughout the research, the identification of body image was reflected in the recent and stored experiences of each individual. Therefore, the contribution of this investigation to the performance of health professionals refers to the fact that communication is fundamental in the relationship between professional and client.

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This study aimed to evaluate social support and marital relationships in women with and without postpartum depression (PND), investigating the relationship between these constructs and the positive and negative impacts of each of them for the PND. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 67 women (32 with depression and 35 without depression) with children aged between 51 and 77 days. The results indicated that women with PND (assessed through the EPDS) had lower scores in perception of social support and identified their marital relationships as more conflicting. In the hierarchical model, demographic variables (baby's age and maternal education) and marital relationship explained part of the variance of symptoms of PND. Social support did not prove to be a significant predictor in the model. Among the factors evaluated, the quality of the marital relationship was the most important to minimize the risk of developing PND, being an aspect subject to interventions by health professionals. (AU)

O objetivo foi avaliar o apoio social e o relacionamento conjugal em mulheres com e sem depressão pós-parto (DPP), investigando a relação entre esses construtos e os impactos positivos e negativos de cada um deles para a DPP. Conduziu-se um estudo transversal com 67 mulheres (32 com depressão e 35 sem depressão) com filhos com idade entre 51 e 77 dias. Os resultados indicaram que mulheres com DPP (avaliadas por meio da EPDS) relataram menor percepção de apoio social e identificaram seus relacionamentos conjugais como mais conflituosos. No modelo hierárquico, variáveis demográficas (idade do bebê e escolaridade materna) e relacionamento conjugal explicaram em parte a variância dos sintomas de DPP. O apoio social não se revelou um preditor significativo no modelo. Entre os avaliados, a qualidade do relacionamento conjugal foi o mais importante para minimizar o risco de desenvolvimento de DPP, sendo um aspecto passível de intervenções por profissionais da saúde. (AU)

El objetivo fue evaluar el apoyo social y las relaciones maritales en mujeres con y sin depresión posparto (DPP), investigando la relación entre estos constructos y los impactos positivos y negativos de cada uno de ellos a la DPP. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 67 mujeres (32 con depresión y 35 sin depresión) con hijos de entre 51 y 77 días. Los resultados indicaron que las mujeres con DPP (evaluadas a través de la EPDS) presentaron una menor percepción de apoyo social e identificaron sus relaciones maritales como más conflictivas. En el modelo jerárquico, las variables demográficas (edad del bebé y educación materna) y la relación conyugal explicaron una parte de la varianza de los síntomas de la DPP. El apoyo social no resultó ser un predictor significativo en el modelo. Entre los factores evaluados, la calidad de la relación conyugal fue el más importante para minimizar el riesgo de desarrollar DPP, siendo un aspecto sujeto a intervenciones por parte de los profesionales de la salud. (AU)

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Objective of the study Interpersonal relationships, as an important variable afecting the physical and mental health and future development of individuals, were used to construct a structural equation model between physical activity and interpersonal relationships in order to help college students better adapt to society and achieve a high level of mental health. Methods SPSS 27.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, and Amos 28.0 software was used to construct the model between variables. The results showed that physical activity directly predicted the interpersonal relationship status of college students (ß= −0.108, 95% CI [−0.210,−0.005]), and the chain mediating efect of physical activity→self-control→mobile phone addiction tendency→interpersonal relationship distress was signifcant (ß= −0.012, 95% CI [−0.033,−0.003]). The results of this study suggest that physical activity may be viewed as an efective intervention strategy to mitigate the interpersonal challenges that college students may face in the future.

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