RESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a tendência empreendedora e o nível de competência de comunicação interpessoal de estudantes do Curso Superior de Tecnologia (CTS) em Gestão Hospitalar. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, de natureza quantitativa, multicêntrico, que congregou duas das quatro instituições federais que ofertam o Curso no Brasil. A coleta de dados aconteceu de forma online, em julho de 2021, a partir de formulário eletrônico composto por três seções: caracterização dos participantes; Teste de Tendência Empreendedora Geral (TEG); e Escala de Competência em Comunicação Interpessoal (ECCI). Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial para a análise dos dados. A amostra foi composta por 142 estudantes, com idade média de 26,65 (±8,8) anos, prevalência de mulheres (109; 76,8%) e de estudantes que cursaram o ensino médio totalmente em escola pública (95; 66,9%). A dimensão do TEG com melhor desempenho foi "Impulso e Determinação", com média 9,08. Nas dimensões "Tendência Criativa" e "Propensão a Riscos Calculados" nenhum participante obteve a pontuação máxima. Quanto à ECCI, a média total (65,10) revelou um bom nível de competência em comunicação interpessoal. A maior média obtida foi no domínio "Autorrevelação", enquanto a menor foi do domínio "Manejo das Interações". Elucidou-se um nível muito baixo de tendência empreendedora geral e um bom nível de competência em comunicação interpessoal nos estudantes do CTS em Gestão Hospitalar, o que revela caminhos possíveis para a melhoria na educação empreendedora deste curso.
The objective of this study was to identify the entrepreneurial tendency and the level of interpersonal communication competence of students of the associate degree in Hospital Management (HM) course. A cross-sectional, quantitative, multicenter study was carried out, which brought together two of the four federal institutions that offer the course in Brazil. Data collection took place online, in July 2021, using an electronic form consisting of three sections: characterization of participants; the General measure of Enterprising Tendency (GET) test; and the Interpersonal Communication Competency Scale (ICCS). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The sample consisted of 142 students, with a mean age of 26.65 (±8.8) years old, and a prevalence of women (109; 76.8%) and of students who attended high school entirely in the public school system (95; 66.9%). The GET dimension with the best performance was "Impulse and Determination", with an average of 9.08. In the dimensions "Creative Tendency" and "Propensity toward Calculated Risks", no participant obtained the maximum score. As for the ICCS, the total average (65.10) revealed a good level of competence in interpersonal communication. The highest average obtained was in the "Self-disclosure" domain, while the lowest was in the "Interaction Management" domain. A very low level of general entrepreneurial tendency and a good level of competence in interpersonal communication in the students of the HET course in Hospital Management were elucidated, which reveals possible ways to improve the entrepreneurial education of this course.
RESUMO
We assessed how community education efforts influenced pregnant women's Zika prevention behaviors during the 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Puerto Rico Department of Health Zika virus response. Efforts included Zika virus training, distribution of Zika prevention kits, a mass media campaign, and free home mosquito spraying. We used telephone interview data from pregnant women participating in Puerto Rico's Women, Infants, and Children Program to test associations between program participation and Zika prevention behaviors. Behavior percentages ranged from 4% (wearing long-sleeved shirt) to 90% (removing standing water). Appropriate mosquito repellent use (28%) and condom use (44%) were common. Receiving a Zika prevention kit was significantly associated with larvicide application (odds ratio [OR] 8.0) and bed net use (OR 3.1), suggesting the kit's importance for lesser-known behaviors. Offer of free residential spraying was associated with spraying home for mosquitoes (OR 13.1), indicating that women supported home spraying when barriers were removed.
Assuntos
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Saúde Pública , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/prevenção & controle , Zika virus , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Porto Rico/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/históriaRESUMO
La atención primaria de salud tiene la misión de alcanzar un adecuado estado de bienestar físico, mental y social en personas, familias y comunidades, con una amplia participación de actores sociales, tanto intra como extra sectoriales, a través de acciones, entre ellas, la promoción y prevención, donde están establecidos diferentes programas, con un factor fundamental para su desarrollo: la comunicación. Esta implica para los actores intrasectoriales (médico, enfermera de la familia y el resto del grupo básico de trabajo) la necesidad de tomar medidas para alcanzar el desarrollo y habilidades necesarias en los aspectos de las formas, niveles y vías de comunicación, que coadyuvarán con el nivel de influencia que ejercen en las personas, las familias y las comunidades al logro de educar, informar, convencer y explicar sobre comportamientos individuales y sociales saludables. Estos comportamientos proporcionan a las personas, familias y comunidades las ventajas y elementos necesarios para mejorar su calidad de vida y prevenir enfermedades, además del alcance de objetivos, metas y aspiraciones del resto de las organizaciones, sectores e instituciones que inciden en la salud y la calidad de vida.
Primary health care has the mission of reaching an adequate status of physical, mental and social welfare in persons, families and communities with a wide participation of social actors, both intra and extra sector ones, through actions like promotion and prevention, where different programs are established with a main factor for their development: communication. For the intra sector actors (family physician and nurse and the rest of the basic work group) it implies the necessity of taking measures to reach the necessary development and skills in the aspects of the communication forms, levels and ways, contributing to the level of influence exerted on persons, families and communities to educate, inform, convince and explain on the topic of healthy individual and social behaviors. These behaviors give persons, families and communities the advantages and necessary elements for improving their life quality and preventing diseases, besides reaching aims, goals and aspirations of the rest of the organizations, sectors and institutions influencing on health and life quality.
RESUMO
This study examines modality in doctor-patient interactions during psychiatric interviews. Twenty three interviews were conducted in Spanish and were video-recorded. The patients are members of a small community in rural California. Using the interpersonal metafunction (Eggins 2004; Halliday 1994) and approaches in pragmatics literature this work reveals the lexicogrammatical choices the patients and the doctor make using both qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Spanish modalization can be realized through modal operators (e.g. might), mood adjuncts (e.g. possibly), and the conditional and future tenses. In addition to these, oral contexts have alternative forms of expressing modalization such as using the preposition como 'like' and tag questions (e.g. right?) as the pragmatics literature has described. This work makes a methodological contribution by highlighting the analytical tools that alternative approaches to discourse analysis (pragmatics in this case) make available and how they complement the interpersonal metafunction. The results of this study reveal that patients use modalization at particular moments in the interview, for instance when discussing their symptoms and conditions to deliver their information carefully and to recognize the social status of the doctor. The doctor also strategically uses modalization when he asks sensitive questions in order to displace responsibility from the patients and avoid a face-threatening situation.
RESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi construir uma medida da comunicação grupal sobre objetos sociais. Elaborou-se um instrumento e buscaram-se, para duas temáticas, evidências de validade. Participaram 803 estudantes universitários. Para ambos os temas, o instrumento mostrou-se adequado à estrutura teórica de três fatores: frequência da comunicação; importância da opinião do grupo; semelhança de opinião com o grupo. Além de apresentar índices satisfatórios de precisão, o instrumento discriminou participantes com alta e baixa identificação pessoal com o objeto social. Considera-se a medida adequada a aferir a comunicação grupal e passível de adaptação para outros grupos e objetos
The aim of the study was to create a measure of group communication on social objects. An instrument was elaborated, and validity evidence was sought for two topics. The participants were 803 undergraduate students. For both topics, the instrument was adequate to the theoretical structure of three factors: communication frequency; importance of group opinion; similarity with group opinion. Other than presenting satisfactory indexes and precision, the instrument discriminated participants with high and low personal identification with the social object. The measure is considered suitable to assess group communication and capable of adaptation to other groups and objects
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , PercepçãoRESUMO
Social cognitive neuroscience (SCN) seeks to understand the brain mechanisms through which we comprehend others' emotions and intentions in order to react accordingly. For decades, SCN has explored relevant domains by exposing individual participants to predesigned stimuli and asking them to judge their social (e.g., emotional) content. Subjects are thus reduced to detached observers of situations that they play no active role in. However, the core of our social experience is construed through real-time interactions requiring the active negotiation of information with other people. To gain more relevant insights into the workings of the social brain, the incipient field of two-person neuroscience (2PN) advocates the study of brain-to-brain coupling through multi-participant experiments. In this paper, we argue that the study of online language-based communication constitutes a cornerstone of 2PN. First, we review preliminary evidence illustrating how verbal interaction may shed light on the social brain. Second, we advance methodological recommendations to design experiments within language-based 2PN. Finally, we formulate outstanding questions for future research.
RESUMO
Debido a los cambios que tienen lugar en este momento en el sector sanitario, los hospitales deben promocionar la comunicación interpersonal como una herramienta que garantiza la motivación y el compromiso profesional de los empleados con el hospital, especialmente en el caso del personal médico y de enfermería. Los tres principales campos de acción en los que la comunicación interpersonal puede mejorar el nivel de motivación de los empleados de un hospital son: a) la transmisión interna de la cultura corporativa; b) las acciones de investigación que tienen por objetivo estudiar el comportamiento y las expectativas de los pacientes; y c) la búsqueda de colaboradores externos que permitan a los empleados del hospital mejorar sus capacidades profesionales (por ejemplo, a través de la realización de ensayos clínicos).
Due to the changes that are taking place in the health system nowadays, hospitals should foster the implementation of interpersonal communication as a tool to promote the employee´s motivation and professional commitment with their hospital, especially among the doctors and the nurses. The three main action fields in which interpersonal communication could enhance the grade of the hospital employees´ motivation are: a) internal transmission of the corporate culture; b) investigation actions with focus on the patient´s behavior and expectations; and c) external partnerships with the aim of supporting the employee´s professional activities (e.g. across the execution of clinical trials).
RESUMO
O artigo trata das relações entre corpo e identidade no contexto da teoria da ação comunicativa de Jürgen Habermas que postula a existência de uma intersubjetividade ilesa que estaria sustentando a comunicação interpessoal e interação social. A Teoria da Ação Comunicativa parte de três âmbitos de análise: sociedade, cultura e personalidade. Apresenta o corpo como o grande ausente da Teoria Habermasiana. A reflexão leva a pensar que a Psicanálise deveria propiciar, em termos da Teoria da Sociedade e da Psicologia Social uma reformulação de longo alcance.(AU)
This article delineates on the relationship between body and identity in the context of the Jürgen Habermas theory of communicative action. This theory postulates the existence of an intersubjectivity that is the basis of interpersonal and social interaction. The Theory of Communicative Action is based on three ambits of analysis: society, culture and personality. It introduces the body as the great absent in the Habermasiana Theory. Reflection leads to the idea that psychology should enhance, in terms of the Theory of Society and of Social Psychology, a long term reformulation.(AU)