RESUMO
El músculo iliopsoas es el principal flexor de la cadera siendo un rotador lateral accesorio de ésta, sus fibras discurren posteriores al ligamento inguinal, cruzando anteriormente a la pelvis. Este trayecto ocurre en un surco que se localiza entre la eminencia iliopúbica, medialmente y la espina iliaca anteroinferior, lateralmente. Si bien existen antecedentes de este surco, no se encuentra expresado en la terminología anatómica internacional (TAI) como un surco relevante dentro de los relieves óseos pélvicos. Este surco se encuentra asociado al tendón en diferentes disfunciones de cadera, como la cadera en resorte (coxa saltans). El objetivo de la investigación es ampliar el conocimiento clínico y anatómico de este surco y su inclusión en la terminología anatómica internacional. Dentro de los criterios de inclusión se seleccionaron artículos publicados en español e inglés que aludieron referencia al surco y/o palabras claves como, "músculo iliopsoas", "músculo psoas ilíaco", "surco iliopsoas" "surco coxal", "groove iliopsoas" y "iliopsoas muscle" "surco coxal". Los motores de búsqueda utilizados fueron Pubmed, Google Académico y Springer Link. La relevancia del surco del músculo iliopsoas abre una puerta a las discusiones respecto a su forma y profundidad, así como también un punto de referencia asociada a diferentes situaciones clínicas relacionada con este surco y probables predisposiciones a lesiones o chasquidos que ocurren en cadera. Finalmente, el conocimiento del surco para el músculo iliopsoas es importante tenerlo en consideración en investigaciones que aborden esta región, así como su terminología anatómica, relaciones anatómicas, clínicas y quirúrgicas.
SUMMARY: The iliopsoas muscle is the main hip flexor being an accessory lateral rotator of this, its fibers run posterior to the inguinal ligament, crossing anterior to the pelvis. This course occurs in a groove located between the iliopubic eminence medially and the anterior inferior iliac spine laterally. Although there are antecedents of this groove, no relevant comments are found in international anatomical terminology (IAT) as a groove within the pelvic bone reliefs. This groove is associated with the tendon in different hip dysfunctions, such as the hip snap (coxa saltans). The objective of the research is to expand the clinical and anatomical knowledge of this groove and its inclusion in international anatomical terminology. Within the inclusion criteria, articles published in Spanish and English were selected that referred to the groove and/or keywords such as "iliopsoas muscle", "iliopsoas muscle", "iliopsoas groove", "coxal groove", "iliopsoas groove". and "iliopsoas muscle" "coxal groove". The search engines used were Pubmed, Google Scholar and Springer Link. The relevance of the iliopsoas muscle groove gives way to discussions regarding its shape and depth, as well as a point of reference associated with different clinical situations related to this groove and probable predispositions to injuries or snaps that occur in the hip. Finally, knowledge of the groove for the iliopsoas muscle is important to consider in research that addresses this region, as well as its anatomical terminology, anatomical, clinical, and surgical relationships.
Assuntos
Humanos , Ossos Pélvicos/anatomia & histologia , Músculos Psoas/anatomia & histologia , QuadrilRESUMO
La sacroileítis infecciosa (SII), también descrita en la literatura como sacroileítis séptica o piógena, es una patología infrecuente, y su diagnóstico constituye un reto debido a su rareza relativa y la diversa presentación clínica, que frecuentemente imita otros trastornos más prevalentes originados en estructuras vecinas. Se requiere un alto índice de sospecha y un examen físico acucioso para un diagnóstico oportuno, mientras que los estudios de laboratorio y de imagen ayudan a confirmar el diagnóstico y dirigir la estrategia de tratamiento apropiada para evitar complicaciones y secuelas a corto y mediano plazos. Presentamos un caso de paciente de género femenino de 36 años, con cuadro clínico de SII izquierda, secundaria a un absceso del músculo iliopsoas, condición que generalmente se presenta como una complicación de la infección. Se realizaron los diagnósticos clínico, imagenológico y Biológico, se inició el tratamiento antibiótico oportuno, y se logró una excelente evolución clínica, sin secuelas
Infectious sacroiliitis (ISI), also described in the literature as septic or pyogenic sacroiliitis, is an infrequent pathology, and its diagnosis constitutes a challenge due to its relative rarity and the diverse clinical presentation, frequently imitating other more prevalent disorders originating in neighboring structures. A high index of suspicion and a thorough physical examination are required in order to establish an opportune diagnosis, while laboratory and imaging studies help confirm the diagnosis and direct the appropriate treatment strategy to avoid complications and sequelae in the short and medium terms. We herein present a case of a female patient aged 36 years, with a clinical picture of left ISI, secondary to an iliopsoas muscle abscess, a condition that usually presents as a complication of the infection. The clinical, imaging and microbiological diagnoses were made, the timely antibiotic treatment was initiated, and an excellent clinical evolution without sequelae was achieved.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Abscesso do Psoas/diagnóstico por imagem , Sacroileíte/diagnóstico por imagem , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
Dentro de las lesiones deportivas, las lesiones de pelvis y cadera representan el 2-5%. La tendinitis del ileopsoas es una de las menos comunes, generalmente asociada a una bursitis del ileopsoas debido a su proximidad anatómica. Siendo idéntica su presentación clínica y manejo. Se define como una inflamación del tendón o del área que lo rodea, provocada en general por la repetitiva flexión de la cadera.
Pelvic and hip lesions account for 2-5% of sports lesions. Iliopsoas tendinitis is one of the least common and is generally associated with iliopsoas bursitis because of its anatomical proximity. Their clinical presentation and management are the same. It is defined to be an inflammation of the tendon or surrounding tissue, caused by repetitive hip flexion.
RESUMO
Resumen: Si bien es infrecuente, el absceso del músculo iliopsoas exhibe una alta tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad. Su diagnóstico es difícil debido a las numerosas etiologías y su variada presentación clínica. Objetivo: Discutir las causas, vías de diseminación, diagnósticos diferenciales y manejo del absceso del iliopsoas, poniendo especial énfasis en el rol de la tomografía computada y la resonancia magnética en su diagnóstico. Conclusión: La evaluación con estudios de imagen es esencial para determinar la complejidad, extensión y origen anatómico de esta patología, parámetros que son fundamentales para determinar el pronóstico y el manejo en este tipo de pacientes.
Abstract: Although rare, iliopsoas abscess has a high rate of morbidly and mortality. Its diagnosis is diffiult given the numerous etiologies and varied clinical presentation. Objective: To discuss the causes, dissemination pathways, differential diagnoses and management of iliopsoas abscess; emphasizing the important role of CT and MR through multiple imaging examples. Conclusion: Imagenological analysis is essential to determine complexity, extention, and anatomical origin of this condition, fundamental parameters in the prognosis and management of these patients.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Abscesso do Psoas/diagnóstico , Abscesso do Psoas/diagnóstico por imagem , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Internal snapping hip is a common clinical condition, characterized by an audible or palpable snap of the medial compartment of the hip. In most cases it is asymptomatic, while in a few patients, mostly in athletes who participate in activities requiring extremes of hip range of motion, the snap may become painful (internal snapping hip syndrome - ISHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a review of current literature, focused on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of ISHS. CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of ISHS is multifactorial, and it is traditionally believed to be caused by the tendon snapping over the anterior femoral head or the iliopectineal ridge. Most cases of ISHS resolve with conservative treatment, which includes avoidance of aggravating activities, stretching, and NSAIDs. In recalcitrant cases, surgery may be indicated. Better results have been reported with endoscopic iliopsoas tendon release compared with open techniques, which may be related to the treatment of concomitant intra-articular pathologies. Furthermore, endoscopic treatment showed fewer complications, decreased failure rate and postop erative pain. It is important to remember that in most cases, a multiple iliopsoas tendon may exist, and that the incomplete release of the iliopsoas tendon can be a reason for refractory pain and poor results. Then, even if of not clinical relevance at long term follow-up, patients should be told about the inevitable loss of flexion strength after iliopsoas tenotomy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The iliopsoas tendon is a recognized cause of extra-articular hip pain, and tenotomy has been described as an effective treatment in patients who do not respond to conservative treatments. Endoscopic release showed higher success rate, lower recurrence, fewer complications compared to open surgery. The aim of the study is to report the results at a mean of 4 years follow-up of a series of patients affected by femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and an associated iliopsoas tendinopathy, treated with hip arthroscopy and transcapsular tendon release. METHODS: Fifteen patients were retrospectively reviewed. Assessment of radiographic signs of FAI was performed, the alpha angle, the femoral head-neck offset and the lateral center edge angle (LCEA) were collected. Osteoarthritis was assessed from the AP pelvic and graded according to the Tönnis classification. Modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), VAIL score and VAS score were administered to all patients before surgery, at follow-up at 1 year (T1) and final follow-up (T2). RESULTS: We found a statistical significant improvement in functional scores (mHHS and VAIL score) from the baseline to T2. According to VAS score, a statistical significant improvement was also found from T0 to T2, from a median of 5.5 (range 3-7) to 0 (range 0-5) (P<0.001). Two patients referred a recurrence of pain one year after surgery who were treated conservatively. No other complications have been reported. CONCLUSION: Iliopsoas tendinopathy can be associated to FAI in some patients, and failure in diagnosing and treating may be the reason of poor results and a revision surgery. Arthroscopic iliopsoas tendon release seems to produce good clinical outcome, reducing pain and the rate of a revision surgeries. Level of evidence: IV case series.
RESUMO
Hemophilia causes injuries of peripheral nerves secondary to compressions by hematoma. In general, these injuries recover spontaneously after the cause of the compression is solved. A case of a 16-year-old adolescent with injury of the left femoral nerve, causing loss of the extension of the knee is described herein. During the evolution there was no recovery. For this reason a tendinous transfer of the femoral biceps was practiced. This technique was described formerly for the correction of poliomyelitis. Excellent results were obtained with complete recovery of the extension and force 4+/5.
La hemofilia causa lesiones de nervio periférico secundarias a compresiones por hematoma. En general estas lesiones se recuperan espontáneamente después de resolverse la causa de la compresión. Se describe el caso de un adolescente de 16 años con lesión del nervio femoral izquierdo que ocasionó la pérdida de la extensión en la rodilla. Como durante la evolución no hubo recuperación, se hizo una transferencia tendinosa del bíceps femoral, técnica descrita antiguamente para correcciones en poliomielitis. Hubo un excelente resultado con recuperación completa de la extensión y fuerza 4+/5.
Assuntos
Nervo Femoral , Hemofilia A , Hemorragia , Músculos Psoas , HematomaRESUMO
El fenómeno de vacío es una alteración conocida en las articulaciones osteoartríticas. En ocasiones puede verse gas en las bursas adyacentes a las articulaciones debido a la existencia de una comunicación con la articulación. Presentamos un caso de fenómeno de vacío en la bursa iliopsoas en asociación a una cadera osteoartrítica sobre la base de una displasia acetabular en una mujer de 48 años que acudió a nuestra consulta con sospecha inicial de absceso de iliopsoas.
Vacuum phenomena is a well-known alteration in osteoarthritis. It´s possible to see gas in bursas around osteoarthritic joints due to comunication between them. We describe an unusual case of vacuum phenomena arising within an enlarged iliopsoas bursa in association with mildly osteoarthritic and dysplastic hip in a 48-year-old woman who underwent radiologic study in our institution with an initial suspiction of iliopsoas abscess.
RESUMO
Limite posterior do retroperitônio, o compartimento iliopsoas localiza-se externamente ao mesmo, sendo composto dos músculos psoas maior, psoas menor e ilíaco. O quadro de sintomas dos pacientes com acometimento patológico deste compartimento é amplo e inespecífico, podendo haver importante atraso no diagnóstico. Entretanto, na busca do diagnóstico etiológico das alterações do compartimento iliopsoas, sabemos que as infecções, os tumores e as hemorragias respondem pela quase totalidade das lesões. Por meio da avaliação retrospectiva de exames radiológicos de pacientes com patologias do iliopsoas e que tiveram o diagnóstico confirmado por exame anatomopatológico ou acompanhamento clínico, revisamos a anatomia deste compartimento, assim como as suas principais formas de acometimento, identificando sinais que auxiliem na diferenciação dos potenciais diagnósticos diferenciais. Na abordagem de cada patologia discutiremos os principais sinais radiológicos, como a presença de gás em abscessos piogênicos, alterações ósseas em corpos vertebrais nas lesões secundárias a tuberculose, comprometimento dos planos fasciais nas lesões tumorais e diferenças na densidade e intensidade de sinal dos hematomas nas diferentes fases de degradação da hemoglobina, entre outros. Dessa forma, procuramos apresentar casos que exemplifiquem as doenças mais freqüentes do compartimento iliopsoas, destacando a importância dos seus diferentes sinais, aproximando-nos de um diagnóstico etiológico específico.
The iliopsoas compartment, a posterior boundary of the retroperitoneum, is comprised of the psoas major, psoas minor and iliac muscles. The symptoms picture in patients presenting with pathological involvement of this compartment may show a wide range of nonspecific clinical presentations that may lead to delayed diagnosis. However, in the search of an etiological diagnosis, it is already known that inflammation, tumors, and hemorrhages account for almost all the lesions affecting the iliopsoas compartment. By means of a retrospective analysis of radiological studies in patients with iliopsoas compartment lesions whose diagnosis was confirmed by anatomopathological evaluation or clinical follow-up, we have reviewed its anatomy as well as the main forms of involvement, with the purpose of identifying radiological signs that may help to narrow down the potential differential diagnoses. As each lesion is approached we will discuss the main radiological findings such as presence of gas in pyogenic abscesses, bone destruction and other bone changes of vertebral bodies in lesions secondary to tuberculosis, involvement of fascial planes in cases of neoplasms, and differences in signal density and intensity of hematomas secondary to hemoglobin degradation, among others. So, we have tried to present cases depicting the most frequent lesions involving the iliopsoas compartment, with emphasis on those signs that can lead us to a more specific etiological diagnosis.