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It has become a tradition for the BAMP (Bacteriocins and Antimicrobial Peptides) symposium to be a part of the IPC (International Probiotic Conference). In 2024, IPC/BAMP will be held on the 18th-20th of June in Prague, Czech Republic ( www.probiotic-conference.net ) and will reunite scientists, students, and representatives from industry and regulations agencies from all around the world. The meeting will serve as a platform for the exchange of knowledge and ideas regarding the past, present, and future of beneficial microbes, probiotics, antimicrobials, and proteins, and their influence on a prosperous and healthier future.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global health problem and has recently been recognized as a risk factor for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Unfortunately, there are no effective treatments to reduce or prevent AKI, which results in high morbidity and mortality rates. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has emerged as a promising strategy to prevent, to the extent possible, renal tissue from AKI. Several studies have used this strategy, which involves short or long cycles of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) prior to a potential fatal ischemic injury. In most of these studies, IPC was effective at reducing renal damage. Since the first study that showed renoprotection due to IPC, several studies have focused on finding the best strategy to activate correctly and efficiently reparative mechanisms, generating different modalities with promising results. In addition, the studies performing remote IPC, by inducing an ischemic process in distant tissues before a renal IR, are also addressed. Here, we review in detail existing studies on IPC strategies for AKI pathophysiology and the proposed triggering mechanisms that have a positive impact on renal function and structure in animal models of AKI and in humans, as well as the prospects and challenges for its clinical application.

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Objetivo: Comparar la salud periodontal de embaraza- das y no embarazadas mediante la aplicación del Índice de Periodontal Comunitario (IPC). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio ob- servacional de corte transversal. Se reclutaron 100 mujeres embarazadas (EMB) y 50 no embarazadas (NoEMB) que concurrieron al Hospital Materno Provincial de la Ciudad de Córdoba, Dr. Raúl F. Lucini. En todas se registró el IPC con la sonda periodontal WHO 621 en los 6 sextantes de la boca. Los datos se analizaron con el software Infostat/SP; el nivel de significación establecido fue de P <0,05. Resultados: El 70% de las pacientes presentó edades de entre 18 y 25 años. En las EMB el código 3 del IPC fue el más frecuente presente en 240 sextantes (40,1%) y en las NoEMB el código 2 fue el más frecuente con 39 sextantes (43%). A ambos grupos de estudio les corresponde el trata- miento de instrucción de higiene bucal, instrumentación supra y/o subgingival, y/o regularización de obturaciones. Conclusiones: El código 3 fue el más frecuente entre las EMB, a quienes les corresponde un Código de tratamiento periodontal (CTP) 2; las NoEMB presentaron un IPC de 1 y 2 como los más frecuentes y se vinculan con un CTP 1 y 2. Nos encontramos frente a una situación clínica periodontal posible de resolver con terapia básica que puede ser realizada por odontólogos generalistas (AU)

Aim: To compare the periodontal health of pregnant and non-pregnant women by applying the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Materials and methods: In an observational, cross-sec- tional study, 100 pregnant women (PREG) and 50 non-preg- nant women (NonPREG) were recruited at the Dr. Raúl F. Lu- cini Provincial Maternity Hospital in Córdoba City. The CPI was determined in the 6 sextants of the mouth using a WHO 621 periodontal probe. The data were analyzed with Infostat SP software. P <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 70% of the patients were 18 to 25 years old. In the PREG group, CPI Code 3 was the most frequent, present in 240 sextants (40.1%), while in the non-PREG group, CPI Code 2 was the most frequent, with 39 sextants (43%). Treat- ment needs in both study groups are oral hygiene instruction, supra- and/or subgingival instrumentation, and/or correction of plaque retentive margins. Conclusions: Code 3 was the most frequent among preg- nant women, which corresponded to Periodontal Treatment Code (CTP) 2. CPI 1 and 2 were the most frequent in non-pregnant women, corresponding to CTP 1 and 2. This periodontal clinical condition can be treated with initial dental hygiene therapy, which can be performed by general dentists (AU)

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Abstract Introduction Parenting practices refer to specific behaviours used by parents and caretakers of children to guide childhood development and socialization goals. These practices are associated with children's health, psychological, and physical development. Objective To determine the psychometric properties of the Parenting Practices Inventory (PPI) among a group of child caregivers in Mexico City. Method The PPI was applied to 443 caregivers of children and adolescents, who attended a general health care centre in Mexico City. For the psychometric evaluation of the instrument, the full distribution and discrimination of the items was analysed first. Then, the validity of the construct was tested through an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory analysis with structural equation modelling. Results The internal consistency of the PPI showed α = .867 and 41.25% of variance explained for all four dimensions of interest. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model had goodness of fit. It included twenty-four items with adequate consistency and validity indices. Discussion and conclusion The PPI is therefore a potentially useful psychometric measure for evaluating parenting practices among this type of population and could have major implications for the development of interventions and preventive programmes. It provides scientific bases for diagnostic decision-making and primary health care from the moment of initial contact to specialized medical care.

Resumen Introducción Las prácticas de crianza se refieren a comportamientos específicos utilizados por los padres y cuidadores de niños para guiar su desarrollo y metas de socialización infantil. Estas prácticas están asociadas con la salud, el desarrollo psicológico y físico de los niños. Objetivo Determinar las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Prácticas de Crianza (IPC) entre un grupo de cuidadores de niños en la Ciudad de México. Método El IPC se aplicó a 443 cuidadores de niños y adolescentes, que asistieron a consulta médica general en un Centro de salud en la Ciudad de México. Para la evaluación psicométrica del instrumento se analizó la distribución total y la discriminación de los reactivos. La validez de constructo se probó a través de análisis factorial exploratorio y análisis confirmatorio con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados El IPC mostró α = .867 y 41.25% de la varianza explicada para las cuatro dimensiones de interés. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró que el modelo tuvo buena bondad de ajuste. Incluyó veinticuatro ítems con una consistencia e índices de validez adecuados. Discusión y conclusión El IPC es una medida psicométrica potencialmente útil para evaluar las prácticas de crianza en esta población y podría tener implicaciones importantes para el desarrollo de intervenciones y programas preventivos. Esto brinda bases científicas para la toma de decisiones en la atención primaria de la salud desde el momento del contacto inicial hasta la atención médica especializada en caso de ser requerida.

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Previous work from our group showed that tamoxifen, an oral drug that has been in use for the treatment of breast cancer for over 40 years, is active both in vitro and in vivo against several species of Leishmania, the etiological agent of leishmaniasis. Using a combination of metabolic labeling with [3H]-sphingosine and myo-[3H]-inositol, alkaline hydrolysis, HPTLC fractionations and mass spectrometry analyses, we observed a perturbation in the metabolism of inositolphosphorylceramides (IPCs) and phosphatidylinositols (PIs) after treatment of L. amazonensis promastigotes with tamoxifen, with a significant reduction in the biosynthesis of the major IPCs (composed of d16:1/18:0-IPC, t16:0/C18:0-IPC, d18:1/18:0-IPC and t16:0/20:0-IPC) and PIs (sn-1-O-(C18:0)alkyl -2-O-(C18:1)acylglycerol-3-HPO4-inositol and sn-1-O-(C18:0)acyl-2-O-(C18:1)acylglycerol-3-HPO4-inositol) species. Substrate saturation kinetics of myo-inositol uptake analyses indicated that inhibition of inositol transport or availability were not the main reasons for the reduced biosynthesis of IPC and PI observed in tamoxifen treated parasites. An in vitro enzymatic assay was used to show that tamoxifen was able to inhibit the Leishmania IPC synthase with an IC50 value of 8.48 µM (95% CI 7.68-9.37), suggesting that this enzyme is most likely one of the targets for this compound in the parasites.

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Este artigo apresenta uma leitura do trabalho das equipes técnicas com o Plano Individual de Atendimento (PIA). Contextualiza o PIA no cenário das medidas socioeducativas, que teve início como projeto de vida e se formalizou enquanto dispositivo previsto na Lei n. 12.594/2012. Discute-se a importância do instrumento, bem como os impasses do seu uso a partir da concepção das equipes das Casas de semiliberdade, considerando as especificidades presentes no cumprimento desta determinação judicial. Por fim, expõem-se reflexões sobre o trabalho com o PIA, propondo recursos para garantir, além da formalização, a individualização da medida do adolescente.

This article is an analysis of the work accomplished by the technical teams working with the Plano Individual de Atendimento (PIA) - Individual Plan of Care (IPC). It contextualizes IPC in the scenario of Social and Educational Procedures. IPC started as a life project, and it was formalized as a provision in Law 12.594/2012. The importance of the instrument is discussed, as well as the impasses to its use from the conceptions of the teams working at Casas de semiliberdade (Semi-liberty Houses). The specificities to abide by that judicial determination are considered. Finally, there are some thoughts about the work with IPC, and resources are proposed in order to ensure not only the formalization, but also the individualization of the teenager procedure.

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The development and production of viral vaccines, in general, involve several steps that need the monitoring of viral load throughout the entire process. Applying a 2-step quantitative reverse transcription real time PCR assay (RT-qPCR), viral load can be measured and monitored in a few hours. In this context, the development, standardization and validation of a RT-qPCR test to quickly and efficiently quantify yellow fever virus (YFV) in all stages of vaccine production are extremely important. To serve this purpose we used a plasmid construction containing the NS5 region from 17DD YFV to generate the standard curve and to evaluate parameters such as linearity, precision and specificity against other flavivirus. Furthermore, we defined the limits of detection as 25 copies/reaction, and quantification as 100 copies/reaction for the test. To ensure the quality of the method, reference controls were established in order to avoid false negative results. The qRT-PCR technique based on the use of TaqMan probes herein standardized proved to be effective for determining yellow fever viral load both in vivo and in vitro, thus becoming a very important tool to assure the quality control for vaccine production and evaluation of viremia after vaccination or YF disease.

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