RESUMO

ABSTRACT In this case report we highlight the uniqueness of aphonia as, to the best of our knowledge, cases of aphonia related to interscalene brachial plexus block (IBPB) are not described in the literature. Although hoarseness is a common complication of IBPB, aphonia is not. Therefore, we think it is important to publicize the first case of aphonia after IBPB, which may have arisen only because of a recurrent laryngeal nerve chronic injury contralateral to the IBPB site.

RESUMO Relativamente a este relato de caso destacamos a sua singularidade, uma vez que não se encontram descritos na literatura, tanto ou quanto os autores puderam investigar, casos de afonia após uma anestesia combinada com bloqueio do plexo braquial via interescalénica (BPBI). Embora a rouquidão seja uma complicação frequente do BPBI, a afonia não o é. Desse modo, pensamos ser importante dar a conhecer o primeiro caso de afonia após o BPBI, que na opinião dos autores surgiu apenas por causa de uma lesão crônica do nervo laríngeo recorrente contralateral ao local do BPBI.

Assuntos

RESUMO

In this case report we highlight the uniqueness of aphonia as, to the best of our knowledge, cases of aphonia related to interscalene brachial plexus block (IBPB) are not described in the literature. Although hoarseness is a common complication of IBPB, aphonia is not. Therefore, we think it is important to publicize the first case of aphonia after IBPB, which may have arisen only because of a recurrent laryngeal nerve chronic injury contralateral to the IBPB site.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The I-gel supraglottic airway has a non-inflatable cuff made from a gel-like thermoplastic elastomer. The use of the I-gel during anesthesia for spontaneously breathing patients or intermittent positive pressure ventilation has been reported. But there are a few published reports about the use of the I-gel with pressure-controlled ventilation. CONTENTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In this case report we described the use of the I-gel supraglottic airway along 48 h in intensive care unit for the management of ventilation in a patient needed mechanic ventilation but in whom tracheal intubation could not be performed.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O dispositivo supraglótico I-gel para o manejo das vias aéreas tem um manguito não insuflável feito de um elastômero termoplástico semelhante ao gel. Há relato sobre o uso do I-gel em pacientes sob anestesia para a ventilação, espontânea ou com pressão positiva intermitente. Porém, há poucos relatos publicados sobre o uso do I-gel com ventilação controlada por pressão. CONTEÚDO E CONCLUSÕES: Descrevemos neste relato de caso o uso do dispositivo supraglótico I-gel durante 48 horas em unidade de terapia intensiva para o manejo das vias aéreas em paciente que precisou de ventilação mecânica, mas no qual a intubação traqueal não pôde ser feita.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: A practical anatomic landmark may be helpful to perform the appropriate size of the airway devices easily in paediatric patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between thenar eminence and I-gel dimensions in children. METHODS: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, two hundred and seventy ASA Class I-II patients between 0 and 12 years old, who were scheduled for elective procedures under general anaesthesia not requiring tracheal intubation, were recruited to the study. The size of the I-gel selected was based on the patient's body weight according to the manufacturer's recommendation. After successful insertion of the I-gel, thenar eminence dimensions were determined. Long-axis (Th-l) was measured from junction point of the thumb to wrist curl and short-axis (Th-w) constitutes the largest portion of the thenar eminence from lateral end of the thumb to the first hand line. The manufacturer's dimensions of the I-gel which was inserted into the patients were compared with the measurements obtained from thenar eminence. RESULTS: The mean (SD) values for (Ig-w) and (Ig-l) were 2.98 cm (0.53) and 4.54 cm (0.82), and the mean (SD) values for (Th-w) and (Th-l) were 2.99 cm (0.60) and 3.88 cm (0.93), respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between Th-w and Ig-w (r = 0.794,p < 0.001), and between Th-l and Ig-l (r = 0.820, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The dimensions of thenar eminence were fitted to that of the weight based size of I-gel and this anatomic landmark may be a practical tool to assess appropriate size for paediatric patients.

RESUMO OBJETIVOS: Uma referência anatômica prática pode ser útil para determinar o tamanho adequado dos dispositivos para vias aéreas em pacientes pediátricos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre as dimensões da eminência tênar e do dispositivo I-gel em crianças. MÉTODOS: Após aprovação do Comitê de Ética Institucional, 270 pacientes com estado físico ASA I-II, entre 0-12 anos, programados para cirurgias eletivas sob anestesia geral, sem necessidade de intubação traqueal, foram recrutados para o estudo. A escolha do tamanho do I-gel foi baseada no peso corporal do paciente, de acordo com a recomendação do fabricante. Após a inserção bem-sucedida do I-gel, a dimensão da eminência tênar era determinada. O eixo longo (Th-l) foi medido do ponto de junção do polegar ao vinco do pulso e o eixo curto (Th-w) constitui a maior parte da eminência tênar da extremidade lateral do polegar à primeira linha da mão. As dimensões de fábrica do I-gel inserido no paciente foram comparadas com as dimensões obtidas a partir da eminência tênar. RESULTADOS: As médias (DP) dos valores para (Ig-w) e (Ig-l) foram 2,98 cm (0,53) e 4,54 cm (0,82) e as médias (DP) dos valores para (Th-w) e (TH l) foram 2,99 cm (0,60) e 3,88 cm (0,93), respectivamente. Houve uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre Th-w e Ig-w (r = 0,794, p < 0,001) e entre Th-l e Ig-l (r = 0,820, p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: As dimensões da eminência tênar foram ajustadas àquelas do tamanho do I-gel baseado no peso e essa referência anatômica pode ser uma ferramenta prática para avaliar o tamanho apropriado em pacientes pediátricos.

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RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: A practical anatomic landmark may be helpful to perform the appropriate size of the airway devices easily in paediatric patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between thenar eminence and I-gel dimensions in children. METHODS: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, two hundred and seventy ASA Class I-II patients between 0 and 12 years old, who were scheduled for elective procedures under general anaesthesia not requiring tracheal intubation, were recruited to the study. The size of the I-gel selected was based on the patient's body weight according to the manufacturer's recommendation. After successful insertion of the I-gel, thenar eminence dimensions were determined. Long-axis (Th-l) was measured from junction point of the thumb to wrist curl and short-axis (Th-w) constitutes the largest portion of the thenar eminence from lateral end of the thumb to the first hand line. The manufacturer's dimensions of the I-gel which was inserted into the patients were compared with the measurements obtained from thenar eminence. RESULTS: The mean (SD) values for (Ig-w) and (Ig-l) were 2.98cm (0.53) and 4.54cm (0.82), and the mean (SD) values for (Th-w) and (Th-l) were 2.99cm (0.60) and 3.88cm (0.93), respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between Th-w and Ig-w (r=0.794, p<0.001), and between Th-l and Ig-l (r=0.820, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The dimensions of thenar eminence were fitted to that of the weight based size of I-gel and this anatomic landmark may be a practical tool to assess appropriate size for paediatric patients.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The I-gel supraglottic airway has a non-inflatable cuff made from a gel-like thermoplastic elastomer. The use of the I-gel during anesthesia for spontaneously breathing patients or intermittent positive pressure ventilation has been reported. But there are a few published reports about the use of the I-gel with pressure-controlled ventilation. CONTENTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In this case report we described the use of the I-gel supraglottic airway along 48h in intensive care unit for the management of ventilation in a patient needed mechanic ventilation but in whom tracheal intubation could not be performed.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: A practical anatomic landmark may be helpful to perform the appropriate size of the airway devices easily in paediatric patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between thenar eminence and I-gel dimensions in children. METHODS: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, two hundred and seventy ASA Class I-II patients between 0 and 12 years old, who were scheduled for elective procedures under general anaesthesia not requiring tracheal intubation, were recruited to the study. The size of the I-gel selected was based on the patient's body weight according to the manufacturer's recommendation. After successful insertion of the I-gel, thenar eminence dimensions were determined. Long-axis (Th-l) was measured from junction point of the thumb to wrist curl and short-axis (Th-w) constitutes the largest portion of the thenar eminence from lateral end of the thumb to the first hand line. The manufacturer's dimensions of the I-gel which was inserted into the patients were compared with the measurements obtained from thenar eminence. RESULTS: The mean (SD) values for (Ig-w) and (Ig-l) were 2.98cm (0.53) and 4.54cm (0.82), and the mean (SD) values for (Th-w) and (Th-l) were 2.99cm (0.60) and 3.88cm (0.93), respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between Th-w and Ig-w (r=0.794, p<0.001), and between Th-l and Ig-l (r=0.820, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The dimensions of thenar eminence were fitted to that of the weight based size of I-gel and this anatomic landmark may be a practical tool to assess appropriate size for paediatric patients.

RESUMO

ABSTRACTPURPOSE: The i-gelTM is one of the second generation supraglottic airway devices. Our study was designed to compare the i-gel and the Laryngeal Mask Airway ClassicTM with respect to the clinical performance.METHODS: We compared the performance of the i-gel with that of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic in 120 patients undergoing urologic surgery during general anesthesia without muscle relaxant with respect to the number of attempts for successful insertion, insertion time, peak airway pressure, incidence of regurgitation, fiberoptic glottic view and postoperative complications. Second generation supraglottic airway devices were inserted by the same anesthesiologist, experienced in use of both devices (>200 uses and first time failure rate <5%). Methylene blue method was used to detect gastric regurgitation.RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the success of insertion of second generation supraglottic airway device (p = 0.951). The laryngeal mask insertion time for the i-gel group was significantly shorter than that for the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic group (11.6 ± 2.4 s versus 13.1 ± 1.8 s [p = 0.001]). The fiberoptic glottic view scores for the i-gel group was significantly better than that for the ones for the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic group (p = 0.001). On fiberoptic view, there was no sign of methylene blue dye at any time point in either group. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in patient response regarding the presence of a sore throat when questioned 24 h after the procedure (p = 0.752).CONCLUSION: Both devices had good performance with low postoperative complications and without occurrence of regurgitation. The i-gel provided a shorter insertion time and a better fiberoptic view than the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic.

RESUMOJUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: A i-gel é um dos dispositivos supraglóticos de segunda geração para o manejo das vias aéreas. Nosso estudo foi projetado para comparar a i-gelTM e a máscara laríngea clássica (Laryngeal Mask Airway ClassicTM, LMA-C) em relação ao desempenho clínico.MÉTODOS: Avaliamos os desempenhos de i-gel e LMA-C em 120 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia urológica sob anestesia geral sem relaxante muscular. Comparamos o número de tentativas de inserção bem-sucedidas, o tempo de inserção, a pressão de pico das vias aéreas, a incidência de regurgitação, a visibilidade da glote com o uso de fibra óptica e as complicações no pós-operatório. Os dispositivos supraglóticos de segunda geração foram inseridos pelo mesmo anestesiologista com experiência na aplicação de ambos os dispositivos (> 200 aplicações e taxa de falha na primeira tentativa < 5%). O corante azul de metileno foi usado para detectar regurgitação gástrica.RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatística entre os dois grupos em relação ao sucesso da inserção do dispositivo supraglótico de segunda geração (p = 0,951). O tempo de inserção da máscara laríngea no grupo i-gel foi significativamente menor do que no grupo LMA-C (11,6 ± 2,4 segundos vs. 13,1 ± 1,8 segundos, p = 0,001). O escore de visibilidade da glote via fibra óptica do grupo i-gel foi significativamente melhor do que o do grupo LMA-C (p = 0,001). Na visão via fibra ótica, sinais do corante azul de metileno não foram observados em qualquer momento em ambos os grupos. Além disso, não houve diferença entre as respostas dos grupos quando perguntados sobre a presença de dor de garganta 24 horas após o procedimento (p = 0,752).CONCLUSÃO: Ambos os dispositivos apresentaram bom desempenho, com poucas complicações no pós-operatório e sem ocorrência de regurgitação. A máscara laríngea i-gel proporcionou um tempo de inserção mais curto e uma visão via fibra óptica melhor do que a LMA-C.

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PURPOSE: The i-gel™ is one of the second generation supraglottic airway devices. Our study was designed to compare the i-gel and the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic™ with respect to the clinical performance. METHODS: We compared the performance of the i-gel with that of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic in 120 patients undergoing urologic surgery during general anesthesia without muscle relaxant with respect to the number of attempts for successful insertion, insertion time, peak airway pressure, incidence of regurgitation, fiberoptic glottic view and postoperative complications. Second generation supraglottic airway devices were inserted by the same anesthesiologist, experienced in use of both devices (>200 uses and first time failure rate <5%). Methylene blue method was used to detect gastric regurgitation. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the success of insertion of second generation supraglottic airway device (p=0.951). The laryngeal mask insertion time for the i-gel group was significantly shorter than that for the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic group (11.6±2.4s versus 13.1±1.8s [p=0.001]). The fiberoptic glottic view scores for the i-gel group was significantly better than that for the ones for the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic group (p=0.001). On fiberoptic view, there was no sign of methylene blue dye at any time point in either group. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in patient response regarding the presence of a sore throat when questioned 24h after the procedure (p=0.752). CONCLUSION: Both devices had good performance with low postoperative complications and without occurrence of regurgitation. The i-gel provided a shorter insertion time and a better fiberoptic view than the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic.

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The i-gel™ is one of the second generation supraglottic airway devices. Our study was designed to compare the i-gel and the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic™ with respect to the clinical performance. METHODS: We compared the performance of the i-gel with that of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic in 120 patients undergoing urologic surgery during general anesthesia without muscle relaxant with respect to the number of attempts for successful insertion, insertion time, peak airway pressure, incidence of regurgitation, fiberoptic glottic view and postoperative complications. Second generation supraglottic airway devices were inserted by the same anesthesiologist, experienced in use of both devices (>200 uses and first time failure rate <5%). Methylene blue method was used to detect gastric regurgitation. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the success of insertion of second generation supraglottic airway device (p=0.951). The laryngeal mask insertion time for the i-gel group was significantly shorter than that for the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic group (11.6±2.4s versus 13.1±1.8s [p=0.001]). The fiberoptic glottic view scores for the i-gel group was significantly better than that for the ones for the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic group (p=0.001). On fiberoptic view, there was no sign of methylene blue dye at any time point in either group. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in patient response regarding the presence of a sore throat when questioned 24h after the procedure (p=0.752). CONCLUSION: Both devices had good performance with low postoperative complications and without occurrence of regurgitation. The i-gel provided a shorter insertion time and a better fiberoptic view than the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic.

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Introducción: los dispositivos supraglóticos inicialmente, sólo se utilizaron para el abordaje de la vía respiratoria anatómicamente difícil. En la actualidad, los anestesiólogos disponen de varios dispositivos supraglóticos para el abordaje de la vía respiratoria. Objetivos: caracterizar comparativamente los desempeños de las máscaras laríngeas I Gel y ProSeal en el abordaje de la vía aérea, en pacientes sujetos a procedimientos de cirugía oncológica de mama. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo caso-control simple ciego, aplicado, y de evaluación, en el Hospital "Hermanos Ameijeiras", en el período de septiembre del 2009 y abril del 2012. se estudiaron 200 sujetos intervenidos por procedimientos de cirugía oncológica de mama bajo anestesia general balanceada, asignados al azar a partes iguales a cada grupo. Resultados: los dos grupos investigados presentaron similitud estadística respecto a: edad, peso corporal, estado físico, y tiempo quirúrgico. El tiempo de inserción de la máscara en el grupo Estudio fue significativamente inferior que en el grupo Control. Los valores promedio de la P1 y del Volumen de fuga fueron significativamente superiores en el grupo Control en cada uno de los instantes analizados. Los valores promedio de la PAM y la FC pertenecientes a los grupos Estudio y Control se revelaron sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La única complicación postoperatoria inmediata con desenlaces significativamente diferentes para los grupos fue la Disfagia leve, la cual estuvo ausente en el grupo Estudio. Conclusiones: el desempeño de la máscara laríngea I Gel fue significativamente superior al de la máscara laríngea ProSeal.

Introduction: the supraglottic devises were initiallly used only for the respiratory via boarding anatomically diffcult. Today, anesthesiologists arrange different supraglottic for the respiratory via boarding. Objective: to characterize comparatively the performances of the larynx masks I Gel and ProSeal in the boarding of the air passage in patients subject to procedures of breast oncological surgery. Methods: a case control prospective control study blind was carried out at "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital during the period from September 2009 to April 2012.200 subjects intervened were studied with procedures of ontological breast surgery under general balanced anesthesia at random with equal parts in each group. Results: both groups searched presented similar statistics as to age, body weight, physical condition and surgical time. The time of insertion of the mask in the study was significantly inferior to the control group. The average values of P1 and the volume of escape were significantly higher in the control group in each of the moments analyzed. The average values of the PAM and the FC belonging to study and control groups were revealed without significant statistical differences. The only postoperative immediate complication with significant difference outcome for the groups were light swallowing which was absent in the study group. Conclusion: the performance of the larynx mask I Gel was significantly higher than the larynx mask ProSeal.