RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyse sociodemographic characteristics, descriptive psychopathology and therapy in the first decade of service of the Hospital Psiquiátrico San Isidro del Valle del Cauca, 1958-1968. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective descriptive study of a series of case histories of the studied period, and by qualitative analysis and conceptual networks. RESULTS: Sociodemographic variables were analysed, and it was observed that, although the patient population increased, hospitalisation was reduced due to the implementation of a "Day Hospital" and outpatient services. The majority of patients were young adults, women engaged in housework, and several lower-middle income patients, primarily referred by their families. Hospital stay was short, with a high frequency of readmissions. The main reason for discharge was improvement, and the predominant diagnosis and symptomatology was schizophrenia, with the treatment being antipsychotic neuroleptics. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation of the short time of hospitalisation, more outpatient clinics, the large number of readmissions, and improvement as the reason for discharge, is consistent with the results of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia 1968, which included a sample of 100 patients from Hospital psychiatric San Isidro del Valle del Cauca, in which it was concluded that the disorder did not cause a progressive deterioration in patients and that, on the contrary, showed a significant percentage recovery.
Assuntos
Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Esquizofrenia/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Hospitais Psiquiátricos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objetivo: Analizar las características sociodemográficas, la psicopatología y la terapéutica en la primera década de servicio (1958-1968) del Hospital Psiquiátrico San Isidro del Valle del Cauca. Métodos: Inscrito en la «perspectiva interna¼ de «historia de la psiquiatría¼, estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de la serie de 152 historias clínicas del periodo estudiado mediante análisis estadístico y cruzado con fuentes historiográficas. Resultados: Se analizaron las variables sociodemográficas y se observó que, si bien la población de pacientes aumentó, la hospitalización se redujo debido a la implementación del Hospital de Día y al servicio de consulta externa; la mayoría de los pacientes eran adultos jóvenes, mujeres ocupadas en oficios domésticos y varios, de ingresos medios-bajos, remitidos principalmente por sus familiares, con tiempo de permanencia corto, alta frecuencia de reingresos, con mejoría como principal motivo del alta y predominio del diagnóstico y los síntomas de esquizofrenia y el tratamiento con antipsicóticos neurolépticos. Conclusiones: La correlación del poco tiempo de hospitalización, la mayor cantidad de consulta externa, el mayor número de reingresos y la mejoría como principal motivo del alta coinciden con los resultados del Estudio Piloto Internacional sobre Esquizofrenia de 1968, que contó con una muestra de 100 pacientes del Hospital Psiquiátrico San Isidro del Valle del Cauca, en el cual se concluyó que este trastorno no ocasionaba un deterioro progresivo en los pacientes y que, por el contrario, un porcentaje significativo presentaba recuperación.
Objective: To analyse sociodemographic characteristics, descriptive psychopathology and therapy in the first decade of service of the Hospital Psiquiátrico San Isidro del Valle del Cauca, 1958-1968. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study of a series of case histories of the studied period, and by qualitative analysis and conceptual networks. Results: Sociodemographic variables were analysed, and it was observed that, although the patient population increased, hospitalisation was reduced due to the implementation of a "Day Hospital" and outpatient services. The majority of patients were young adults, women engaged in housework, and several lower-middle income patients, primarily referred by their families. Hospital stay was short, with a high frequency of readmissions. The main reason for discharge was improvement, and the predominant diagnosis and symptomatology was schizophrenia, with the treatment being antipsychotic neuroleptics. Conclusions: The correlation of the short time of hospitalisation, more outpatient clinics, the large number of readmissions, and improvement as the reason for discharge, is consistent with the results of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia 1968, which included a sample of 100 patients from Hospital psychiatric San Isidro del Valle del Cauca, in which it was concluded that the disorder did not cause a progressive deterioration in patients and that, on the contrary, showed a significant percentage recovery.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psiquiatria , Psicopatologia , Política Pública/história , Terapêutica , Hospitalização , Antipsicóticos , Projetos Piloto , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Tempo de Permanência , Metodologia como Assunto , Tempo de InternaçãoRESUMO
Este artigo comenta um ensaio médico brasileiro Raimundo Nina-Rodrigues, publicado em 1902, sobre o diagnóstico e a psicopatologia da paranóia, bem como de suas relações com o chamado atavismo psíquico.
This article comments on an essay by the Brazilian physician Raimundo Nina Rodrigues, published in 1902, on the diagnosis and psychopathology of paranoia and its relationships with so-called atavism.
Este artículo comenta un ensayo del médico brasileño Raimundo Nina Rodrigues publicado en 1902, sobre el diagnóstico y la sicopatología de la paranoia, así como sus relaciones con el llamado atavismo psíquico.
Cet article passe en revue un essai du médecin brésilien Raimundo Nina Rodrigues publié en 1902 sur le diagnostic et la psychopathologie de la paranoïa, ainsi que leurs rapports avec ce qu'on appelle l'atavisme psychique.
Assuntos
Humanos , Hereditariedade , Transtornos Paranoides , Psicopatologia/históriaRESUMO
Este artigo focaliza o caráter violento e subversivo das paixões da alma a partir da leitura de fontes médicas e filosóficas da primeira modernidade que examinam a natureza e a manifestação das paixões. Conclui-se que na época discutia-se as relações entre as psicopatologias e a violência do pathos, o que problematizava a noção que identificava saúde psíquica e sabedoria.
Cet article porte sur le caractère violent et subversif des passions de l'âme et est basé sur la lecture de sources médicales et philosophiques de la première modernité qui examinent la nature et la manifestation des passions. Nous concluons qu'à cette époque, on discutait les rapports entre les psychopathologies et la violence du pathos, ce qui problématisait la notion qu'identifiait santé psychique et sagesse.
The main issue in this article is the violent and subversive nature of the passions of the soul according to early modern documents that examine their nature and manifestations. The conclusion is that there was an ongoing discussion on the relationships between psychopathology and the violence of the pathos. This raised problems regarding the notion that there is a tie between mental health and wisdom.
Assuntos
Saúde , Psiquiatria , Psicopatologia/históriaRESUMO
Este artigo discute o problema da dor de amor nos diferentes campos do saber que compunham a medicina da alma da primeira modernidade. Deu-se especial destaque às reflexões do médico francês Jacques Ferrand (1575-1623) sobre o caráter instável, ilusório e faltoso do amor. Conclui-se que a dor de amor exige pensar as relações entre os afetos e o corpo, além de desafiar as próprias categorias diagnósticas e os tratamentos tradicionais.
Este artículo discute el problema del dolor de amor en los diferentes campos del saber que formaran parte de la medicina del alma de la primera modernidad. Se dio especial destaque a las reflexiones del médico francés Jacques Ferrand (1575-1623) sobre el carácter inestable, ilusorio y en falta del amor. Se concluye que el dolor de amor exige pensar las relaciones entre afectos y el cuerpo, así como desafiar las propias categorías diagnósticas y los tratamientos tradicionales.
Cet article analyse le problème de la douleur d'amour dans les divers champs du savoir qui constituèrent la médecine de l'âme de la première modernité. En particulier, on analyse les considérations du médecin français Jacques Ferrand (1575-1623) à propos de la nature instable, illusoire et imparfaite de l'amour. On conclu que la douleur d'amour exige penser les rapports entre le corps et les affects, d'autant plus qu'elle représente un défi pour les catégories diagnostiques et cures traditionnelles.
This article discusses the topic of the pain of love in different fields of knowledge that were part of the medicine of the soul during the first modernity. In particular, the author analyzes the considerations of the French physician Jacques Ferrand's (1575-1623) regarding the unstable, delusional and imperfect nature of love. The conclusion is that the pain of love calls for reflections on the relationship between affects and the body, and challenges traditional categories of diagnosis and treatment.
Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo , Amor , Dor , Psicopatologia/históriaRESUMO
O termo melancolia tem uma longa história. Propomos, neste artigo, analisar os problemas da definição da melancolia no início da Idade moderna. Tratamos, em particular, da sua relação com a tristeza e, sobretudo, da produção de fantasias, delírios e sonhos nos melancólicos, conforme a medicina da alma dos séculos XVI e XVII.
El término melancolía tiene una larga historia. En este artículo nos proponemos analizar los problemas de la definición de la melancolía en el inicio de la edad moderna. Tratamos en particular de su relación con la tristeza, sobretodo de la producción de fantasías, delirios y sueños en los melancólicos, conforme la medicina del alma de los siglos XVI y XVII.
Le mot mélancolie jouit d'une longue histoire. Le but de ce travail est d'investiguer les enjeux de la définition de la mélancolie au début de l'époque moderne. On analyse, en particulier, ses rapports avec la tristesse et avec la production de fantaisies, de délires et de rêves selon la médicine de l'âme des XVIe et XVIIe siècles.
The term melancholia is an old one. This article analyses the problems in defining melancholia at the beginning of the modern age. We deal in particular with the relations of this condition with sadness and, especially, with the production of fantasies, deliria and dreams according to the language of the medicine of the soul of the 16th and 17th centuries.