RESUMO
Opossums are synanthropic marsupials able to interchange among wild, periurban and urban environments, playing an epidemiologically important role as hosts for emerging pathogens and ectoparasites of relevance in public health. The present study aimed to detect and molecularly characterize vector-borne agents in a population of common opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) from the Island of São Luís do Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Of the 45 animals analyzed, one (2.22%) was positive in the nested PCR assay based on the 18S rRNA gene of piroplasmids. The obtained sequence was phylogenetically positioned in a clade containing sequences of Babesia sp. previously detected in Didelphis aurita, Didelphis albiventris and associated ticks from Brazil. Eight (17.77%) samples were positive in PCR for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene; four samples were sequenced and positioned into a new clade, sister to E. minasensis and Ehrlichia sp. clade detected in Superorder Xenarthra mammals. No samples tested positive in the screening PCR assays based on the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma spp. Two samples were positive in the qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the nuoG gene. Seven animals (15.56%) were positive in the nPCR based on the 16S rRNA gene of hemoplasmas. Of these, three were positive in a PCR based on the 23S rRNA gene. The phylogenies based on both 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes corroborated to each other and positioned the sequences in the same clade of hemoplasmas previously detected in D. aurita and D. albiventris sampled in Brazil. Finally, three (6.66%) animals were positive in the PCR for Hepatozoon spp.; the obtained 18S rRNA sequence was positioned into the H. felis clade.The present study showed, for the first time, the circulation of piroplasmids, Hepatozoon spp., Ehrlichia spp., hemoplasmas and Bartonella spp. in D. marsupialis sampled in northeastern Brazil, with description of putative novel genotypes of Ehrlichia and Hepatozoon and copositivity by different vector-borne agents. The present work consolidates the "South American Marsupialia" piroplasmid clade, adding one more genotype of Babesia sp. to this clade.
Assuntos
Babesia , Bartonella , Didelphis , Carrapatos , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Carrapatos/parasitologia , Anaplasma/genética , Ehrlichia/genética , Babesia/genética , Bartonella/genética , MamíferosRESUMO
White-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) are well adapted to anthropized areas. The increased contact with domestic animals and humans mediates the transmission of arthropod-borne pathogens. Despite the worldwide occurrence of tick-borne Anaplasmataceae and Hepatozoidae species in a variety of vertebrates, few studies reported serological evidence or molecular detection of theses agentes in marsupials. Up to now, while Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp. have only been detected in marsupials from Brazil, Hepatozoon spp. have been reported in marsupials from Chile, Australia and Brazil. The present work aimed to investigate, using molecular techniques and blood smear analysis, the presence of Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., and Hepatozoon sp. in the blood and ticks collected from D. albiventris in urban forest fragments from midwestern Brazil. Between May and December 2017, 43 D. albiventris (27 males and 16 females) were captured for blood and tick collection in the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil. Ticks (46 Amblyomma dubitatum nymphs and 24 Amblyomma spp. larvae) were collected from 14 out 43 (32.5%) of the white-eared opossums. Panoptic-stained blood smears were performed using peripheral blood (tail tip) of the captured opossums. DNA extracted from blood and tick samples were subjected to PCR/qPCR assays for Anaplasmataceae agents (rrs, gltA, groEL, sodB, and dsb genes, and 23S-5S intergenic region) and Hepatozoon spp. (18S rRNA gene), followed by Sanger sequencing, BLASTn and phylogenetic analyses. An inclusion resembling Ehrlichia morulae was found in a white-eared opossum's monocyte from a blood smear stained with Panoptic. Five (11.63% [5/43]) white-eared opossums' blood samples and 7 (25% [7/28]) tick samples (2 pools of Amblyomma spp. larvae and 5 pools of A. dubitatum nymphs) were positive for Anaplasmataceae via a PCR assay targeting the conserved rrs gene. Phylogenetic analysis based on the rrs gene positioned three sequences obtained from opossums and ticks together as a subclade within the Ehrlichia canis clade. However, all samples were negative in a qPCR assay specific for E. canis based on the dsb gene. Phylogenetic analyses positioned the gltA and 23S-5S ITS sequences obtained from opossums' blood samples in a separate clade from the other validated Ehrlichia species. One (2.3% [1/43]) opossum blood sample was positive for the 18S rRNA gene of Hepatozoon sp. The phylogenetic analysis positioned the Hepatozoon sp. sequence obtained from a D. albiventris specimen in a clade with a sequence previously detected in a black storm petrel (Oceanodroma melania) from Mexico. All the other sequences of Hepatozoon sp. previously detected in marsupials from Brazil were positioned in a separated clade. The present work showed the occurrence of putative novel genotypes of Ehrlichia sp. and Hepatozoon sp. in white-eared opossums and associated A. dubitatum ticks from midwestern Brazil.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: Hepatozoonosis and piroplasmosis are diseases caused by apicomplexan protozoa that affect different types of animals, including mammals. The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. and piroplasms in wild mammals kept in captivity in rehabilitation centers in the states of Minas Gerais and Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: For this, blood samples from 152 animals were collected and analyzed by conventional optical microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, positive PCR samples were submitted to sequencing for molecular characterization of the specimens found. RESULTS: Microscopic analysis revealed 53 of the 152 animals (28.3%) parasitized by piroplasms. No Hepatozoon sp. was observed. On the other hand, using the primers HepF300/HepR900 and Piro1F/Piro5R, both amplifying fragments of the 18S rDNA gene, eight animals (5.2%) were positive for Hepatozoon spp. and 40 (26.3%) for piroplasms. From the sequencing of the positive samples Hepatozoon canis, Hepatozoon felis, Theileria cervi, Theileria equi and Cytauxzoon felis were identified. In addition to the aforementioned hemoparasites, some animals were found parasitized by microfilaria. Such data ratify the presence of hemoparasites in captive wild animals, and are unprecedented in the two geographical regions covered by the present study. 19.7% of mammals harbored ectoparasites of the genera Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus. CONCLUSION: Wild mammals are infected by several pathogens that can also infect domestic animals, some of them potentially zoonotic which can directly contribute to mortality and species reduction. Therefore, a deep understanding of the parasites, the hosts and the diseases is extremely necessary so that prevention, control and treatment measures are effectively applied.
Assuntos
Coccidiose , Eucoccidiida , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Gatos , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Eucoccidiida/genética , Mamíferos , Filogenia , Centros de ReabilitaçãoRESUMO
Trombidiformes and Mesostigmata mites, as well as Ixodida ticks, infest ectothermic tetrapods worldwide, potentially acting as vectors of bacteria, viruses and protozoa. The relationship among ectoparasites, transmitted pathogenic agents (e.g., Borrelia spp., Coxiella spp., Hepatozoon spp., and Rickettsia spp.) and ectothermic hosts has been scarcely investigated. This research focuses on a large collection of Brazilian herpetofauna screened for the presence of arthropod ectoparasites and vector-borne microbial agents. Reptiles (n = 121) and amphibians (n = 49) from various locations were infested by ectoparasites. Following genomic extraction, microbial agents were detected in 81 % of the Acari (i.e. n = 113 mites and n = 26 ticks). None of the mites, ticks and tissues from amphibians yielded positive results for any of the screened agents. Blood was collected from reptiles and processed through blood cytology and molecular analyses (n = 48). Of those, six snakes (12.5 %) showed intraerythrocytic alterations compatible with Hepatozoon spp. gamonts and Iridovirus inclusions. Hepatozoon spp. similar to Hepatozoon ayorgbor and Hepatozoon musa were molecularly identified from seven hosts, two mite and two tick species. Rickettsia spp. (e.g., Rickettsia amblyommatis, Rickettsia bellii-like, Rickettsia sp.) were detected molecularly from four mite species and Amblyomma rotundatum ticks. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the molecular identification of the above-mentioned microbial agents of mites and ticks related to snakes and lizards. Overall, our findings highlighted that the Brazilian herpetofauna and its ectoparasites harbour potentially pathogenic agents, particularly from the northern and south-eastern regions. The detection of several species of spotted fever group Rickettsia pointed out the potential role of ectothermic hosts and related arthropod ectoparasites in the epidemiological cycle of these bacteria in Brazil.
Assuntos
Eucoccidiida/isolamento & purificação , Iridoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Ixodidae , Ácaros , Répteis , Rickettsia/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Brasil , Reservatórios de Doenças , Eucoccidiida/classificação , Feminino , Iridoviridae/classificação , Ixodidae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ixodidae/microbiologia , Ixodidae/parasitologia , Ixodidae/virologia , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larva/microbiologia , Larva/parasitologia , Larva/virologia , Masculino , Ácaros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácaros/microbiologia , Ácaros/parasitologia , Ácaros/virologia , Ninfa/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ninfa/microbiologia , Ninfa/parasitologia , Ninfa/virologia , Filogenia , Répteis/microbiologia , Répteis/parasitologia , Répteis/virologia , Rickettsia/classificaçãoRESUMO
Trombidiformes and Mesostigmata mites, as well as Ixodida ticks, infest ectothermic tetrapods worldwide, potentially acting as vectors of bacteria, viruses and protozoa. The relationship among ectoparasites, transmitted pathogenic agents (e.g., Borrelia spp., Coxiella spp., Hepatozoon spp., and Rickettsia spp.) and ectothermic hosts has been scarcely investigated. This research focuses on a large collection of Brazilian herpetofauna screened for the presence of arthropod ectoparasites and vector-borne microbial agents. Reptiles (n = 121) and amphibians (n = 49) from various locations were infested by ectoparasites. Following genomic extraction, microbial agents were detected in 81 % of the Acari (i.e. n = 113 mites and n = 26 ticks). None of the mites, ticks and tissues from amphibians yielded positive results for any of the screened agents. Blood was collected from reptiles and processed through blood cytology and molecular analyses (n = 48). Of those, six snakes (12.5 %) showed intraerythrocytic alterations compatible with Hepatozoon spp. gamonts and Iridovirus inclusions. Hepatozoon spp. similar to Hepatozoon ayorgbor and Hepatozoon musa were molecularly identified from seven hosts, two mite and two tick species. Rickettsia spp. (e.g., Rickettsia amblyommatis, Rickettsia bellii-like, Rickettsia sp.) were detected molecularly from four mite species and Amblyomma rotundatum ticks. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the molecular identification of the above-mentioned microbial agents of mites and ticks related to snakes and lizards. Overall, our findings highlighted that the Brazilian herpetofauna and its ectoparasites harbour potentially pathogenic agents, particularly from the northern and south-eastern regions. The detection of several species of spotted fever group Rickettsia pointed out the potential role of ectothermic hosts and related arthropod ectoparasites in the epidemiological cycle of these bacteria in Brazil.
RESUMO
The Ixodidae family comprises ticks that are hematophagous ectoparasites and are considered vectors of several hemoparasites from the Anaplasmataceae family and the genus Hepatozoon, Babesia, and Rickettsia. These ectoparasites parasitize domestic and wild animals belonging to several vertebrate groups. Ticks are highly adapted to different biomes and thus possess a wide geographical distribution. In the Brazilian state of Bahia, localized in the Northeast region, there are large rainforest fragments. Studies have rarely been carried out on ticks, and their hemoparasites, that parasitize wild animals in this region. Thus, this study aimed to identify the tick species parasitizing wild animals rescued in rainforest fragments of Bahia and investigate the presence of hemoparasites in tick tissues. During a 2-year period, 238 ticks were collected from 41 wild mammalians, reptiles, and amphibians. These ectoparasites were taxonomically classified according to their morphological characteristics. The ticks identified belonged to five different species from the Ixodidae family: Amblyomma varium, Amblyomma rotundatum, Amblyomma nodosum, Ixodes loricatus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. For the first time, an A. rotundatum parasitizing the Mesoclemmys tuberculata turtle was described. PCR assays using DNA extracted from salivary glands or midgut of the ticks were performed to detect specific DNA fragments of hemoparasites from the genus Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Babesia, Hepatozoon, and from the Anaplasmataceae family. The results showed positive detection of the Rickettsia genus (7.9%), Anaplasmataceae family (15.8%), and Hepatozoon genus (15.8%). Specific DNA from the Ehrlichia and Babesia genera were not detected in these samples. Specific DNA from members of the Anaplasmataceae family was detected in A. varium for the first time. The present work showed that amphibians, reptiles, and mammals from Bahia's Atlantic Forest areparasitized by different tick species, and that these ectoparasites present pathogens in their tissues that impact both humans and animals due to their zoonotic potential.
RESUMO
The Ixodidae family comprises ticks that are hematophagous ectoparasites and are considered vectors of several hemoparasites from the Anaplasmataceae family and the genus Hepatozoon, Babesia, and Rickettsia. These ectoparasites parasitize domestic and wild animals belonging to several vertebrate groups. Ticks are highly adapted to different biomes and thus possess a wide geographical distribution. In the Brazilian state of Bahia, localized in the Northeast region, there are large rainforest fragments. Studies have rarely been carried out on ticks, and their hemoparasites, that parasitize wild animals in this region. Thus, this study aimed to identify the tick species parasitizing wild animals rescued in rainforest fragments of Bahia and investigate the presence of hemoparasites in tick tissues. During a 2-year period, 238 ticks were collected from 41 wild mammalians, reptiles, and amphibians. These ectoparasites were taxonomically classified according to their morphological characteristics. The ticks identified belonged to five different species from the Ixodidae family: Amblyomma varium, Amblyomma rotundatum, Amblyomma nodosum, Ixodes loricatus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. For the first time, an A. rotundatum parasitizing the Mesoclemmys tuberculata turtle was described. PCR assays using DNA extracted from salivary glands or midgut of the ticks were performed to detect specific DNA fragments of hemoparasites from the genus Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Babesia, Hepatozoon, and from the Anaplasmataceae family. The results showed positive detection of the Rickettsia genus (7.9%), Anaplasmataceae family (15.8%), and Hepatozoon genus (15.8%). Specific DNA from the Ehrlichia and Babesia genera were not detected in these samples. Specific DNA from members of the Anaplasmataceae family was detected in A. varium for the first time. The present work showed that amphibians, reptiles, and mammals from Bahia's Atlantic Forest areparasitized by different tick species, and that these ectoparasites present pathogens in their tissues that impact both humans and animals due to their zoonotic potential.
RESUMO
Species of Hepatozoon are parasites frequently recorded in snakes. The species identification of this genus was based mostly on the gametocyte morphology and morphometric calculations. For more reliable results, molecular characterization, an initial step for the correct identification of Hepatozoon species, has been used. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identification of Hepatozoon species in captive snakes from Brazil. To that end, morphological, morphometric, and molecular data were obtained. A total of 157 snakes; 128 venomous (Crotalus durissus) and 29 non-venomous (Epicrates crassus and Boa constrictor) were screened for Hepatozoon blood parasites. Using light microscopy, 20 (12.78%) snakes were found positive for Hepatozoon spp., of which 6/29 (20.7%) were non-venomous and 14/128 (10.9%) were venomous; all with low parasitemia. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), performed with the primers HepF300/Hep900, confirmed all 20 (100%) samples positive for hemogregarines. Species of Hepatozoon were identified from eight sequenced samples. Two previously described species, Hepatozoon cuestensis and Hepatozoon musa, were identified. The present study is the first to report H. musa within the snake hosts E. crassus and C. durrisus. In addition, a potentially new Hepatozoon species from B. constrictor was identified.
Assuntos
Coccidiose/veterinária , Crotalus/parasitologia , Eucoccidiida/classificação , Eucoccidiida/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Brasil , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Eucoccidiida/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Masculino , Parasitemia/parasitologia , Parasitemia/veterinária , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
O Hepatozoon spp. é um hemoparasita de cães, descrito em várias regiões do Brasil entre elas, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Rio Grande do Sul, no entanto não há citações no estado do Paraná. Desta forma, relatou-se um caso de diagnóstico laboratorial de hepatozoonose trazendo informações sobre a doença e da importância do exame laboratorial pela visualização das inclusões em leucócitos pela microscopia óptica durante o hemograma.
Hepatozoon spp. is a hemoparasite of dogs, described in several regions of Brazil among them, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul, however there are no citations in the state of Paraná. In this way, a case of laboratory diagnosis of hepatozoonosis was reported, bringing information about the disease and the importance of the laboratory examination by the visualization of the inclusions in leukocytes by light microscopy during the hemogram.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Apicomplexa , Leucócitos , Parasitologia , Brasil , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas/veterinária , Microscopia/veterinária , Rhipicephalus sanguineusRESUMO
O Hepatozoon spp. é um hemoparasita de cães, descrito em várias regiões do Brasil entre elas, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Rio Grande do Sul, no entanto não há citações no estado do Paraná. Desta forma, relatou-se um caso de diagnóstico laboratorial de hepatozoonose trazendo informações sobre a doença e da importância do exame laboratorial pela visualização das inclusões em leucócitos pela microscopia óptica durante o hemograma.(AU)
Hepatozoon spp. is a hemoparasite of dogs, described in several regions of Brazil among them, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul, however there are no citations in the state of Paraná. In this way, a case of laboratory diagnosis of hepatozoonosis was reported, bringing information about the disease and the importance of the laboratory examination by the visualization of the inclusions in leukocytes by light microscopy during the hemogram.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Apicomplexa , Leucócitos , Parasitologia , Rhipicephalus sanguineus , Microscopia/veterinária , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas/veterinária , BrasilRESUMO
Hepatozoon parasites comprise intracellular apicomplexan parasites transmitted to vertebrate animals by ingestion of arthropods definitive hosts. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. in wild animals, domestic dogs and their respective ectoparasites, in southern Pantanal region, central-western Brazil, by molecular techniques. Between August 2013 and March 2015, 31 coatis (Nasua nasua), 78 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous), seven ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), 42 dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), 110 wild rodents (77 Thichomys fosteri, 25 Oecomys mamorae, and 8 Clyomys laticeps), 30 marsupials (14 Thylamys macrurus, 11 Gracilinanus agilis, 4 Monodelphis domestica and 1 Didelphis albiventris), and 1582 ticks and 80 fleas collected from the sampled animals were investigated. DNA samples were submitted to PCR assays for Hepatozoon spp. targeting 18S rRNA gene. Purified amplicons were directly sequenced and submitted to phylogenetic analysis. A high prevalence of Hepatozoon among carnivores (C. thous [91.02%], dogs [45.23%], N. nasua [41.9%] and L. pardalis [71.4%]) was found. However, ticks and fleas were negative to Hepatozoon PCR assays. By phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA sequences, Hepatozoon sequences amplified from crab-eating foxes, dogs, coatis and ocelots clustered with sequences of H. canis, H. americanum and H. felis. The closely related positioning of Hepatozoon sequences amplified from wild rodents and T. macrurus marsupial to Hepatozoon from reptiles and amphibians suggest a possible transmission of those Hepatozoon species between hosts by ectoparasites or by predation. Hepatozoon haplotypes found circulating in wild rodents seem to present a higher degree of polymorphism when compared to those found in other groups of animals. Although rodents seem not to participate as source of Hepatozoon infection to wild carnivores and domestic dogs, they may play an important role in the transmission of Hepatozoon to reptiles and amphibians in Pantanal biome.
Assuntos
Coccidiose/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Eucoccidiida/isolamento & purificação , Sifonápteros/parasitologia , Carrapatos/parasitologia , Anfíbios , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coccidiose/transmissão , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Doenças do Cão/transmissão , Cães , Eucoccidiida/classificação , Eucoccidiida/genética , Feminino , Geografia , Masculino , Mamíferos , Filogenia , Prevalência , Répteis , Roedores , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterináriaRESUMO
Some tick-borne pathogens that infect domestic cats have been considered emergent in veterinary medicine. Occurrences of Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and Cytauxzoon spp. have been described in several regions of Brazil. This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of a Hepatozoon sp. strain detected in domestic cats in the metropolitan area of Cuiabá, in Midwestern Brazil. Based on a molecular analysis, we detected the presence of Hepatozoon species circulating among cats in this region. The aforementioned strain is closely related to other isolates of H. felis detected in wild felids. Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis indicates that this genotype is grouped into a clade of 18S rRNA sequences previously described for the genus Hepatozoon in wild felids around the world. Hepatozoon felis strains detected in cats from Spain and Israel showed, respectively, 98% and 97% identity to our sequence and are clustered on a separate branch of the phylogenetic tree. This finding suggests a high diversity of Hepatozoon genotypes occurring in cats in Europe and South America. None of the analyzed cats were positive for Babesia spp. or Cytauxzoon spp. by PCR analysis.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Eucoccidiida/genética , Eucoccidiida/isolamento & purificação , Animais de Estimação/parasitologia , Carrapatos/parasitologia , Animais , Animais Selvagens/parasitologia , Babesia/genética , Gatos , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coccidiose/transmissão , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 18SRESUMO
Anaplasmataceae agents, piroplasmids and Hepatozoon spp. have emerged as important pathogens among domestic and wild felines. The present work aimed to detect the presence of species belonging to the Anaplasmataceae family, piroplasmas and Hepatozoon spp. DNA in blood samples of domesticated and stray cats in the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil. Between January and April 2013, whole blood samples were collected from 151 cats (54 males, 95 females and two without gender registration) in the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. DNA extracted from cat blood samples was submitted to conventional PCR assays for Theileria/Babesia/Cytauxzoon spp. (18S rRNA, ITS-1), Ehrlichia spp. (16S rRNA, dsb, groESL), Anaplasma spp. (16S rRNA, groESL) and Hepatozoon spp. (18S rRNA) followed by phylogenetic reconstructions. Out of 151 sampled cats, 13 (8.5%) were positive for Ehrlichia spp. closely related to Ehrlichia canis, 1 (0.66%) for Hepatozoon spp. closely related to Hepatozoon americanum and Hepatozoon spp. isolate from a wild felid, 1 (0.66%) for Cytauxzoon sp. closely related do Cytauxzoon felis, and 18 (11.9%) for Babesia/Theileria (one sequence was closely related to Babesia bigemina, eight for Babesia vogeli, five to Theileria spp. from ruminants [Theileria ovis, Theileria lestoquardi] and four to Theileria sp. recently detected in a cat). The present study showed that Ehrlichia spp., piroplasmids (B. vogeli, Theileria spp. and Cytauxzoon spp.) and, more rarely, Hepatozoon spp. circulate among stray and domesticated cats in the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/microbiologia , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/parasitologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/veterinária , Animais , Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/epidemiologia , Gatos , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Bacteriano/isolamento & purificação , DNA de Protozoário/genética , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Masculino , Filogenia , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/microbiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/parasitologiaRESUMO
Hepatozoon canis es un protozoario transmitido por Rhipicephalus sanguineus que afecta a caninos domésticos principalmente, pero ha sido reportado en gatos, chacales, hienas, coyotes, leopardos, zorros e inclusive en el hombre. Ha sido reconocido en el sur de Europa, África, Asia, Norte América y Sur América, donde se ha reportado su presencia en Brasil y Venezuela. Se hace el reporte de un caso clínico en un canino proveniente del departamento de La Guajira que presenta historia clínica de anorexia, depresión, vómito, diarrea, fiebre e infestación por garrapatas al que le fue diagnósticado la presencia de gametocitos de Hepatozoon spp. en extendidos de sangre periférica, además de Ehrlichia canis por la detección de anticuerpos tipo IgG.
Hepatozoon canis is a protozoan transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus that mainly affects domestic dogs, but that has been reported in cats, jackals, hyenas, coyotes, leopards, foxes and even in men. It has been recognized in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, North America and South America, where its presence has been reported in Brazil and Venezuela. The report of a case of a canine from the Department of La Guajira is done presenting a history of anorexia, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and tick infestation that was diagnosed by the presence of Hepatozoon spp. gametocytes in a peripheral blood smear plus IgG antibodies for Ehrlichia canis.
RESUMO
A 3-year-old male Bloodhound dog was presented to a private veterinary hospital at Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico, with a 2-week history of weight loss, generalized weakness, anorexia and ptyalism. Results of a hemogram revealed moderate anemia with a chronic inflammatory leukogram. Also, various neutrophlis (approximately 10%) containing elongated pale blue staining intracytoplasmic inclusions, compatible with gametocytes of Hepatozoon spp were observed. Up until now, this is the first case report of canine hepatozoonosis detected in Tamaulipas.
Un perro Bloodhound macho de 3 años de edad fue remitido a una clínica particular de Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México, con historia de pérdida de peso, debilidad generalizada, anorexia y ptialismo de 2 semanas de evolución. Los resultados del hemograma revelaron una anemia moderada y leucograma con inflamación crónica. Además, se observó que 10% de neutrófilos contenían en su citoplasma pequeñas estructuras de forma alongada de color azul pálido, compatibles con gametocitos de Hepatozoon spp. Hasta ahora, éste es el primer caso de hepatozoonosis canina detectada en Tamaulipas.
RESUMO
Hepatozoon canis tem sido descrito em cães de várias regiões do Brasil sendo mais relatado em áreas rurais. O objetivodeste trabalho foi determinar a ocorrência de infecção por Hepatozoon spp. através da reação em cadeia da polimerase(PCR), em cães de região periurbana da cidade de Piraí, RJ. Em setembro/2006, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de88 cães da cidade, situada no vale do rio Paraíba do Sul. A PCR foi utilizada para a detecção de Hepatozoon spp. (gene18SRNAr) através de um par de iniciadores gênero-específicos. Duas amostras apresentaram resultado PCR-positivo(2,2%), havendo concordância com a avaliação morfológica em esfregaços sanguíneos. A amostra de Piraí demonstrou altasimilaridade (99%) com Hepatozoon canis. Os cães de Piraí apresentaram baixa frequência de infecção por H. canis,quando comparados a pesquisas anteriores na mesma região.
RESUMO
Hepatozoon canis tem sido descrito em cães de várias regiões do Brasil sendo mais relatado em áreas rurais. O objetivodeste trabalho foi determinar a ocorrência de infecção por Hepatozoon spp. através da reação em cadeia da polimerase(PCR), em cães de região periurbana da cidade de Piraí, RJ. Em setembro/2006, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de88 cães da cidade, situada no vale do rio Paraíba do Sul. A PCR foi utilizada para a detecção de Hepatozoon spp. (gene18SRNAr) através de um par de iniciadores gênero-específicos. Duas amostras apresentaram resultado PCR-positivo(2,2%), havendo concordância com a avaliação morfológica em esfregaços sanguíneos. A amostra de Piraí demonstrou altasimilaridade (99%) com Hepatozoon canis. Os cães de Piraí apresentaram baixa frequência de infecção por H. canis,quando comparados a pesquisas anteriores na mesma região.
RESUMO
The occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. in the blood cells of captive Boa constritor in captivity in the semi-arid of the Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, was analyzed. Blood samples from Geochelone carbonaria (n = 6), Geochelone denticulata (n = 4), Boa Constrictor (n = 7), and Tupinanbis teguixim (n = 10) were used. All snakes presented Hepatozoon spp. in their blood cells, and few erythrocytes were infected. G. carbonaria, G. denticulate, and T. teguixim were negative for Hepatozoon spp. gametocytes research. This is the first report of the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. in captive B. constritor in the studied area.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Serpentes/sangue , Serpentes/parasitologia , Microscopia , DiagnósticoRESUMO
The occurrence of Hepatozoon gamont in the blood cells of Bothrops jararaca and B. jararacussu in captivity was analyzed. The prevalence of infection by Hepatozoon spp. was 50 percent and few erythrocytes contained the gamonts. Results suggest that the infection by Hepatozoon spp. occurred in the natural environment or after the captivity.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Apicomplexa/isolamento & purificação , Eucariotos/isolamento & purificação , Epidemiologia , Bothrops/parasitologiaRESUMO
Uma jibóia (Boa constrictor), de onze anos de cativeiro, apresentou à seis meses um histórico de aumento de volume ao longo da coluna vertebral e perda progressiva dos movimentos e de apetite. Exames radiológicos revelaram aumento da opacidade, áreas de excrescências ósseas e inúmeras fraturas ao longo da coluna. Devido o prognóstico desfavorável, a serpente foi eutanasiada. À necropsia, aumento de volume com estenose do canal vertebral e compressão da medula espinhal foram observados, juntamente com fraturas completas de corpos vertebrais. O diagnóstico de osteopetrose e osteonecrose foi firmado à histologia.(AU)