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OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to explore changes in health-related behaviors and social practices in Hispanic cancer patients during a government-mandated lockdown and their relationship to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS: Secondary analyses were conducted on data gathered by a longitudinal cohort study to describe the unmet needs of Hispanic cancer patients living in Puerto Rico exposed to Hurricane Maria in 2017, earthquakes in 2020, and COVID-19. However, our study solely focuses on the data from the COVID-19 pandemic period. RESULTS: Most participants were women (n = 72) with breast cancer (81.2%). Participants exhibited changes in religious practices (60%), physical activity (58.4%), and sedentary behavior (50%); 31.4% experienced changes in eating habits and sleeping patterns. Responses to the study questionnaire involved staying connected with family (85.5%) through phone calls (78.2%); 69.9% of the participants reported observing shifts in the family dynamics. A strong majority endorsed the government-imposed isolation measures (95.6%). Patients not undergoing treatment were likelier (r = -0.324; P = .010) to support the measures. Finally, younger patients experienced more work-related changes (r = -0.288; P = .017) and were less inclined (r = -0.293; P = .011) to find the isolation measures appropriate. CONCLUSION: This paper describes the lockdown related changes in health and social behaviors sustained by cancer patients, changes which could potentially impact their overall health and health-related quality of life. Our results fill an existing gap in our findings and contribute to understanding the experiences of cancer patients (in particular, Hispanic patients) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Objetivo: Analizar las diferencias entre dos modali-dades de administración de un instrumento, autoad-ministrado o guiado por un investigador, aplicados a tutores legales de infantes de una institución educa-tiva. Materiales y Métodos: muestra de 130 tutores legales de niños/as (3 y 5 años) pertenecientes a un jardín de infantes municipal de Avellaneda. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de datos sobre hábi-tos de salud bucal constituido por 14 preguntas sim-ples, múltiples y cerradas. La entrega y devolución del instrumento fue a través de la institución. A los 2 meses se convocó a la misma población para comple-tar el mismo instrumento guiado por un investigador. Se evaluó: porcentajede concurrentes e instrumen-tos respondidos totalmente (modalidad autoadminis-trada), porcentaje de concurrentes que completaron el instrumento guiado y concordancia total y por res-puesta de las 2 modalidades. Se analizaron frecuen-cias y porcentajes. Para comparar la concordancia se utilizó Kappa global y Kappa de Cohen para cada pregunta. Resultados: 76,9% de tutores legales res-pondieron en la modalidad autoadministrada y 48,5% la guiada por el investigador. El 80,0% respondió la totalidad de las preguntas del instrumento autoad-ministrado. Al comparar las respuestas para ambas modalidades, no se observaron diferencias signifi-cativas en la totalidad de las mismas. Al analizar las respuestas solo 3 de las 14 preguntas tuvieron una concordancia menor (0,70). Conclusión: Para la po-blación estudiada, la forma autoadministrada tuvo mayor tasa de respuesta que la guiada por un inves-tigador, sin que se registren diferencias en las res-puestas de ambas formas de administración (AU)

Objective: Analyze the differences between two methods of administration of an instrument, self-administered or guided by a researcher, applied to legal guardians of infants in an educational institution. Materials and Methods: Population 130 legal guardians of children (3 and 5 years old) belonging to a municipal kindergarten in Avellaneda. A data collection instrument on oral health habits was applied, consisting of 14 simple, multiple, and closed questions. The delivery and return of the instrument was through the institution. After 2 months, the same population was called to complete the same instrument guided by a researcher. The following were evaluated: percentage of participants and instruments fully answered (self-administered mode), percentage of participants who completed the guided instrument. The total and response agreement of the 2 modalities was evaluated. Frequencies and percentages were analyzed. To compare agreement, global Kappa was used, and Cohen's Kappa was used for each question. Results: 76.9% of legal guardians responded to the self-administered modality and 48.5% to the one guided by the researcher. 80.0% answered all the questions of the self-administered instrument. When comparing the responses for both modalities, no significant differences were observed in all of them. When analyzing the answers, only 3 of the 14 questions had a lower agreement (0.70). Conclusion: For the population studied, the self-administered form had a higher response rate than the one guided by a researcher, with no differences recorded in the responses of both forms of administration (AU)

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BACKGROUND: Reports indicate that the health habits of adults are strongly linked to the behaviors incorporated in adolescence. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the lifestyle of adolescents to promote their present and future health. This study aimed to identify differences in health-promoting domains according to demographic data and lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and food intake, in a sample of Brazilian adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional school-based study, with the participation of 306 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. A questionnaire was applied with structured questions to collect demographic data and lifestyle behaviors. To examine the health-promoting domains the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (AHPS) was used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Scores attributed to each of the health-promoting domains showed substantial variations according to sex, age, year of study, parents' schooling, and family economic class. After adjustment for covariables, the adolescent who presented significantly higher scores equivalent to the overall index of health promotion reported being more physically active (F = 4.848; P = 0.009), sleeping 6-8 hours/night (F = 2.328; P = 0.046), consuming fruit/vegetable more frequently (F = 3.168; P = 0.024), while sedentary behavior and intake of sweetened products/soft drinks have not shown any significant effect. CONCLUSION: The findings confirmed the consistent positive influence of health-promoting domains assessed by AHPS on healthy lifestyle behaviors, suggesting in the intervention programs aimed at adopting healthy lifestyle approaches it is important enough to contemplate actions aimed at all the areas of health promotion with characteristics aimed at nutrition behavior, social support, health responsibility, life appreciation, exercise behavior, and stress management.

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BACKGROUND: The combined movement behavior guidelines for adolescents recommend ≥60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity, ≤2 h of screen time, and 8-10 h of sleep. Considering that the information available on this topic in the young Latin American population is rare, this study aimed to identify the proportion of a sample of Brazilian adolescents meeting individual guidelines as well as the combination of the three healthy movement behavior guidelines. In addition, another objective of the study was to examine the effects of compliance with these guidelines on cardiometabolic health markers. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional school-based study, with the participation of 306 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. A questionnaire with structured questions was applied to collect data on physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration. Cardiometabolic health was assessed by the calculation of a continuous risk score, including twelve markers related to body fat, blood pressure, plasma lipids and lipoproteins, glycemia, and insulin. RESULTS: Only 4.8% (4.3-5.4) of the adolescents met the three healthy movement behavior guidelines, while 9.3% (8.4-10.4) of the sample did not meet any of the guidelines. No significant difference between sexes was found in the simultaneous compliance of the three movement guidelines. Adolescents who did not meet any of the movement guidelines were twice as likely to have higher cardiometabolic risk (OR = 2.05 (1.41-3.17)) than their peers who met all three guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the high proportion of adolescents who did not meet the movement behavior guidelines and the negative effects on cardiometabolic health, it is suggested that future policies and interventions should consider an integrated and holistic approach aimed at simultaneous actions of maximizing physical activity, minimizing screen time, and ensuring sufficient sleep duration.

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Los estudiantes universitarios se encuentran expuestos a una serie de factores que los predisponen a adoptar conductas nocivas para la salud y aumentar el riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Por ello, en el marco del Proyecto de Buenas Prácticas en la educación infantil, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer los estilos de vida de los jóvenes universitarios teniendo en cuenta las siguientes variables: cantidad de comidas consumidas diariamente, tipo de alimento consumido, consumo de alcohol, drogas, tabaco, práctica de actividad física, horas de sueño por día y sostén económico. Para ello se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra (n=67) de estudiantes de 1° año del Profesorado y Licenciatura de Educación Inicial, cursantes del Taller de Investigación, Integración y Práctica I (asignatura obligatoria). Los resultados dan cuenta de la inactividad física (66%), la percepción de una alimentación poco saludable (57,57%) y más del 40% de las encuestadas adujeron consumir alcohol. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre los estudiantes con percepción de hábitos poco saludables y el consumo de alcohol. Los estilos de vida y hábitos de alimentación de estudiantes universitarios de la población encuestada podrían considerarse como poco saludables, en particular la inactividad física y el tipo de alimento que consumen, con faltante de incorporación diaria de nutrientes fundamentales. Por lo tanto, es necesario crear conciencia e implementar estrategias que promuevan el cambio hacia estilos de vida saludables, permitiendo efectos de mitigación e impactando en la calidad de vida de cada individuo.

University students are exposed to a series of factors that predispose them to adopt health-damaging behaviors and increase the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases. Therefore, within the framework of the Good Practices Project in early childhood education, the objective of the present work was to know the lifestyles of university students taking into account the following variables: number of meals consumed daily, type of food consumed, consumption of alcohol, drugs and tobacco, practice of physical activity, hours of sleep per day and economic support. For this, a survey was applied to a sample (n = 67) of students of the 1st year of Teacher's Training Course and Bachelor of Initial Education, attending the Research, Integration and Practice I Workshop (compulsory subject). The results show physical inactivity (66%), the perception of an unhealthy diet (57.57%) and more than 40% of the respondents admitted consuming alcohol. A statistically significant association was found between students with perception of unhealthy habits and alcohol consumption. The lifestyles and eating habits of university students of the surveyed population could be considered as unhealthy, particularly physical inactivity and the type of food they consume, with a lack of daily incorporation of essential nutrients. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness and implement strategies that promote change towards healthy lifestyles, allowing mitigation effects and impacting on the quality of life of each individual.

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A presente pesquisa objetivou levantar dados a respeito da autopercepção de estresse em Aracaju (SE), como também, identificar a presença de distresse, caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e dos hábitos de saúde da amostra, além de mapear relações desses perfis quanto à variabilidade do estresse e do distresse. A amostragem foi realizada por meio da técnica do ponto-de-fluxo, em que participaram 2135 transeuntes adultos que se encontravam no principal centro comercial de Aracaju (SE). Utilizou-se um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica e de hábitos de saúde, enquanto que o estresse e o distresse foram mensurados com a Escala de Faces (sete pontos). Para a análise estatística foi estimado o impacto das variáveis sobre o estresse, por meio de regressão linear, e sobre o distresse, com regressão logística. Quanto aos resultados, 15,1% dos participantes apresentaram distresse e a média na escala de faces foi de três pontos (Desvio-Padrão = 1,5). As variáveis renda, sexo, tabagismo e prática de atividade física exibiram significância estatística em relação ao estresse. Nas modelagens por regressão linear e logística, as variáveis com impacto aditivo sobre o estresse foram o tabagismo e o sexo feminino, e com impacto subtrativo a renda média familiar (igual ou acima de dez salários mínimos) e a prática de atividade física regular. Discutiram-se, além dos modelos, características da medida do estresse e diferenças observadas nas análises via regressão linear e logística. Ao final, apontaram-se limitações do estudo, especialmente quanto à escolha da Escala de Faces, como também, foram sugeridas novas possibilidades de pesquisa.(AU).

This research aimed to collect data about self-perception of stress in Aracaju (SE), as well as to identify the presence of distress, to characterize the sociodemographic profile and health habits of the sample and map out relationships of these profiles on the variability of stress and distress. The sampling was performed by flow point, with 2135 adults that were in the main commercial center of Aracaju (SE). It used a questionnaire for characterization the sociodemographic and health profiles, whereas the stress and distress were measured by Faces Scale (seven points). For multivariate statistical analysis, it estimated the impact of sociodemographic and health variables on stress by linear regression, and on distress with logistic regression. Concerning the results, 15.1% of participants showed distress and the mean of the faces scale was three points (standard deviation = 1.5). The variables income, gender, to smoke and physical activity practice showed statistical significance in relation to stress. In modeling by linear and logistic regression, to smoke and female sex have been additive impact on stress. The average family income (equal to or above ten minimum wages) and practice regular physical activity have been subtractive impact on stress. We also discussed, besides the models, features of stress measure and differences observed in analysis by linear and logistic regression. At the end, study limitations were highlighted, especially concerning the choice of Faces Scale, and suggestions for further research were also made.(AU).

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo recoger datos a cerca de la percepción de estrés en Aracaju (SE), así como identificar la presencia de distrés, caracterizar los perfiles sociodemográfico y de la salud de la muestra, y mapear las relaciones de estos perfiles con la variabilidad del estrés y distrés. El muestreo se realizó mediante la técnica de punto de flujo, en que participaron 2135 adultos que se encontraban en el principal centro comercial de Aracaju (SE). Se utilizó un cuestionario para la caracterización sociodemográfica y de salud, mientras que el estrés y el distrés fueron medidos utilizando la Escala de Faces (siete puntos). Para el análisis estadístico se estimó el impacto de las variables independientes sobre el estrés por regresión lineal y el distrés con regresión logística. En los resultados, 15,1% de los participantes mostró distrés y el promedio de la escala fue tres puntos (desviación estándar = 1.5). Las variables ingreso, sexo, tabaquismo y actividad física mostraron significación estadística con el estrés. En los modelos de regresión lineal y logística, tuvieron impacto aditivo sobre el estrés el tabaquismo y sexo, y con impacto sustractivo ingreso familiar promedio (extracto igual o superior a diez salarios mínimos) y práctica de actividad física regular. Se discutieron, además de los modelos, características de la medida del estrés y las diferencias observadas por medio de las regresiones lineal y logística. Al final, se señalaron limitaciones del estudio, especialmente en la elección de la Escala de Faces, como también, se sugirieron nuevas posibilidades de investigación.(AU).

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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 320 pacientes mayores de 5 años de edad, cuyos exámenes de heces fecales dieron positivos, atendidos en el Centro de Diagnóstico Integral "Cuyuní" de la parroquia La Sabanita en Ciudad Bolívar (Estado Bolívar de Venezuela), desde julio del 2011 hasta marzo del 2012, a fin de caracterizarles según algunas variables de interés: tipos de parásitos, particularidades del abastecimiento y tratamiento del agua de consumo, lugar de deposición, hábitos higiénico-sanitarios y síntomas más frecuentes. Del total de la serie, 58,4 % presentaba poliparasitismo, 73,7 % se abastecía de agua mediante pipas o tanques y 45,3 % no trataba el agua de consumo, mientras que 66,3 % lo hacía por el método de filtración; asimismo, predominaron la defecación en letrinas (53,1 %), el hábito de andar descalzos (24,7 %), el dolor abdominal entre los síntomas referidos (39,4 %) y la Entamoeba histolytica como parásito más hallado (35,3 %).

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 320 patients over 5 years of age whose stool tests were positive, treated in "Cuyuní" Comprehensive Diagnosis Center from La Sabanita parish in Bolívar city (Bolívar State of Venezuela), from July 2011 to March 2012, in order to characterize them according to some variables of interest: types of parasites, particularities of supply and treatment of drinking water, stools place, health habits and most frequent symptoms. Of the total of the series, 58.4% had polyparasitism, 73.7% were supplied with water by means of tankers or water tanks and 45.3% did not treat drinking water, while 66.3% did so by the filtration method; also, passage of stools in latrines (53.1%), the habit of walking barefoot (24.7%), abdominal pain between the symptoms reported (39.4%) and Entamoeba histolytica as the most found parasite (35.3%) prevailed.

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