RESUMO
Hemangioendothelioma is a malignant vascular tumor, according to ISSVA classification of vascular tumors. This patient presented an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma; this type of tumor can exhibit significant local destruction, sometimes requiring limb amputation. With deferred Mohs micrographic surgery and reconstructive surgery with multiple conventional and microsurgical techniques, partial or total amputation of the hand was avoided.
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Degloving is a type of avulsion injury that leads to the separation of the skin from its underlying tissues. It is usually caused by industrial machinery through smashing or traction mechanisms, where the patient typically tries to avoid severe trauma by pulling their hand off, resulting in this particular injury. Although free flaps have now become the standard of treatment in many institutions, the lack of this possibility makes pedicled flaps a good reconstructive option, with advantages such as low donor-site morbidity, low procedure costs, and relatively easy dissection of the flap. Since the description of the pedicled groin flap technique by McGregor and Jackson, this reconstructive option has become a versatile flap for the coverage of wounds on the hand and distal forearm. This axial-patterned cutaneous flap is based on the superficial circumflex arteriovenous system, which can provide soft-tissue coverage for moderate-to-severe injuries, especially those caused by work accidents. This article aims to describe our experience in treating five different cases of traumatic degloving hand injuries using a groin flap for coverage, with excellent aesthetic and functional results. Two of these cases resulted from degloving after a traction accident, one from a firework explosion, one from a gunshot, and finally, one as a result of an electric wound.
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PURPOSE: Although the palm is spared mostly in severe burn injuries, it often is affected in children and requires radical excision of contracting scar tissue to allow normal hand development. Since alternatives are limited for palmar coverage, we primarily use a reverse-perfused, neurocutaneous dorsal ulnar artery flap. We report here our long-term follow-up results. METHODS: We reviewed the long-term results of 10 postburn palmar contracture release and flap coverage procedures in 10 children. The applied flap was based distally on the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery and harvested along the ulnar aspect of the hand and wrist. The pivot point of the flap was located dorsally, close to the 4th and 5th metacarpal base. Patients were followed for a median period of 6 years (range, 4-20 years). RESULTS: Flap size ranged from 60-130 mm in length and 20-35 mm in width. This variation in flap dimensions resulted from different hand sizes, because of the various patient ages at surgery. All flaps survived, donor site healing was uneventful, and marginal flap necrosis occurred only once. Satisfactory restoration of range of motion without secondary contractures was observed. Moreover, we detected adequate progressive growth, adaptability and sensory recovery in all flaps. Over time, the flaps mostly become hairless and progressively flattened without debulking. CONCLUSIONS: The importance of this flap lies in the potential for considerable tissue mobilization to cover palmar defects without sacrificing any major vascular axis. The adequate progressive growth of the flap facilitates functional hand development in children. The predictable vascular anatomy, wide range, and durable, thin, and pliable skin make the reverse neurocutaneous dorsal ulnar artery flap an appealing option for soft tissue reconstruction of the palm in children. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic V.
Assuntos
Contratura , Traumatismos dos Dedos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles , Criança , Humanos , Artéria Ulnar/cirurgia , Traumatismos dos Dedos/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/irrigação sanguínea , Mãos/cirurgia , Contratura/etiologia , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles/cirurgia , Transplante de Pele/métodosRESUMO
Es de gran importancia conocer las técnicas apropiadas para la restauración de las unidades funcionales de la mano a consecuencia de lesiones traumáticas, resguardando en lo posible su configuración y funcionalidad, puesto que desempeña múltiples tareas en distintos ámbitos de la vida. A continuación, se expone el caso de un paciente con lesión traumática por aplastamiento en mano derecha, cuyo tratamiento de consideración fue el colgajo toracoabdominal que fue llevado a cabo en tres tiempos, el paciente evolucionó de forma favorable sin complicaciones de infección, dehiscencia o necrosis del colgajo. A pesar de la introducción microquirúrgia para la reconstrucción de estas lesiones, los colgajos pediculados continúan siendo factibles con resultados óptimos en situaciones en las que la microcirugía no puede ser considerada. Si bien existen múltiples técnicas para la corrección de los defectos en mano, la habilidad y creatividad del cirujano siguiendo los principios básicos de la reconstrucción serán concluyentes para un resultado óptimo.
It is very important to know the appropriate techniques for the restoration of hand injuries, protecting as much as possible their configuration and functionality, since it performs multiple tasks in different areas of life. Hence, we present the case of a patient with traumatic injury due to crushing in the right hand, which treatment was considered the thoracoabdominal flap that was carried out in three times, the patient evolved favorably without complications of infection, dehiscence or necrosis of the flap. Despite the introduction of microsurgery for the reconstruction of these lesions, pedicle flaps continue to be feasible with optiomal results in situations in which microsurgery cannot be considered. Although there are multiple techniques for the correction of defects in hand, the skill and creativity of the surgeon following the basic principles of reconstruction will be conclusive for an optimal result.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/transplante , Cirurgia Plástica , Ferimentos e Lesões , Ossos Metacarpais/diagnóstico por imagem , MãosRESUMO
La cirugía reconstructiva de la mano y el desarrollo de ésta, está ligada al de la microcirugía. Requiere del dominio de varias disciplinas y, por parte del equipo tratante, establecer una estrategia de tratamiento desde el principio. Ideal es realizar toda la reconstrucción en un tiempo para iniciar una movilización precoz. El debridamiento inicial se continúa con la reparación de todos los tejidos de la mano. La cobertura constituye otro paso importante y lo ideal es realizarla en la atención de urgencia. La mano debe iniciar su rehabilitación en forma inmediata ya que lo contrario llevará a la instalación de la rigidez. Cuando no ha sido posible dejar una pinza básica de la mano, la reconstrucción de ésta pasa por el uso de técnicas de transferencias de ortejos a mano. La transferencia del hallux y de otros ortejos hoy son ampliamente usados y con excelentes resultados funcionales.
Reconstructive surgery of the hand and its development, is linked to microsurgery. Requires the mastery of several disciplines, and by the medical treating team, establish a treatment strategy from the beginning. Ideal is to do all the reconstruction at a time to begin early mobilization. The initial debridement is continued with the repair of all tissues of the hand. The coverage is another important and ideally do it in emergency care. The rehabilitation of the hand should start immediately and that otherwise lead to the installation of rigidity. If it is not possible to leave a basic gripper hand, reconstruction of this happens by using transfer techniques from toes to hand. The transfer of the hallux and other toesare widely used today with excellent functional results.