RESUMO
Introducción: La infección transmitida por transfusión (ITT) es producto de la inoculación directa de un agente infeccioso específico desde la unidad de sangre al huésped susceptible. Los marcadores serológicos positivos responden a características epidemiológicas no detectadas en miembros de la población aparentemente saludable. Objetivo general: Determinar la prevalencia de marcadores infecciosos y las características sociodemográficas en unidades sanguíneas procesadas de donantes que asisten al banco de sangre del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario "Ruíz y Páez" de Ciudad Bolívar - Estado Bolívar, período junio 2019 - junio 2022. Metodología: Se trató de un estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo, no experimental. El universo estuvo conformado por 13 016 unidades sanguíneas, 414 muestras fueron reactivas, que reportaron un total de 434 serologías positivas. Resultados: Se apreció una prevalencia global de 3,34 % para cualquier ITT; el marcador infeccioso más frecuente fue sífilis con el 60,83 % y una prevalencia de 2,03 %. Tomando en cuenta las características sociodemográficas predominantes: género masculino, 65,94 %; grupo etario 38-47 años, 28,74 %; ocupación obrera, 24,88 %; provenientes de Ciudad Bolívar, 84,06 %. Las muestras con coinfección representaron un 4,58 %, siendo la combinación VIH+Sífilis la más frecuente 1,45 %. El año 2021 destacó con 35,25 % serologías positivas. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de marcadores infecciosos se considera no despreciable. Se debe reforzar la prevención y cura de las enfermedades infecciosas trasmisibles en miembros de la población aparentemente saludable, así como también redirigir las estrategias en el manejo de seguridad transfusional.
Introduction: Transfusion-transmitted infection (ITT) is the direct inoculation of a specific infectious agent from the blood unit to the susceptible host. Positive serological markers respond to epidemiological characteristics not detected in members of the apparently healthy population. General objective: Determine the prevalence of infection markers and sociodemographic characteristics in processed blood units of donors attending the blood bank of the "Ruíz y Páez" University Hospital Complex in Ciudad Bolívar - Bolivar State, period June 2019 - June 2022. Methodology: This was a descriptive, retrospective, nonexperimental study. The universe consisted of 13 016 blood units, 414 samples were reactive, which reported a total of 434 positive serologies. Results: An overall prevalence of 3.34 % was found for any ITT; the most frequent infection markers were syphilis with 60.83% and a prevalence of 2.03 %. Taking into account the predominant sociodemographic characteristics: male gender, 65.94 %; age group 38-47 years, 28.74 %; labor occupation, 24.88 %; from Ciudad Bolivar, 84.06 %. The samples with coinfection represented 4.58 %, being the combination HIV+Syphilis the most frequent 1.45 %. Year 2021 stood out with 35.25 % positive serologies. Conclusions: The prevalence of infection markers is considered not negligible. The prevention and cure of communicable infectious diseases in members of the apparently healthy population should be strengthened, as well as redirecting strategies in transfusion safety management.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Background: Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure, but may cause adverse transfusion reactions (TRs). The reporting of TRs is often missed due to various reasons. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of unreported acute TRs through active surveillance and to compare it with the incidence of passively reported TRs. Methods: This prospective observational study was done over a period of four months at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 500 consecutive transfusion episodes (TEs) in patients who had received blood component transfusions in the intensive care units were included in the study. Comprehensive data were collected from the blood bank records, patient records and through interviews with the attending clinical staff. The TEs were defined as all blood components issued to a single patient in 24 h. Results: The overall incidence of TRs was 1.8 % (9 cases), with 0.4 % (2 cases) being reported passively, while 1.4 % (7 cases) were identified during active surveillance. The transfusion-associated cardiac overload (TACO) had the highest incidence of 1.2 % (6 cases) in active surveillance. A single case of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction was also observed during active surveillance. The passively reported TRs were one allergic reaction and one febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Conclusion: Active surveillance of TRs provided an insight into the true incidence of TRs, which is higher when compared with the passively reported TRs. The TACO was found to have the highest incidence and not a single case was reported. There is a need to improve awareness regarding TR reporting.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transfusão de Sangue , Segurança do Sangue , Reação TransfusionalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Malaria can be transmitted by blood transfusion through donations collected from asymptomatic donors. Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) poses a great risk to blood services worldwide. A good screening tool for Plasmodium spp. detection in blood banks must have a high sensitivity for prevention of TTM. However, in Brazilian blood banks, screening for malaria still relies on microscopy. METHODS: In Brazil, screening for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), RNA/DNA for hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses is mandatory for every blood donation and uses nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of an assay for malaria to identify Plasmodium sp. from total nucleic acid (TNA; DNA/RNA) by targeting the 18S rRNA gene of the parasite. RESULTS: Considering the limitations of microscopy and the wide availability of the Brazilian NAT platform in the screening of blood units for HIV, HCV, and HBV, a molecular diagnostic tool was validated for detection of Plasmodium sp. in blood banks; a pilot study showed that using this novel NAT assay could reduce the risk of TTM. CONCLUSION: The prototype HIV/HCV/HBV/malaria NAT assay was effective in detecting infected candidate donors and has good prospects to be applied in routine screening for preventing TTM.
Assuntos
Malária/prevenção & controle , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Plasmodium/isolamento & purificação , Vigilância da População/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Bancos de Sangue , Transfusão de Sangue , Brasil , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Humanos , Malária/transmissão , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento/instrumentação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Plasmodium/genética , RNA de Protozoário/análise , RNA Ribossômico 18S/análise , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure, but may cause adverse transfusion reactions (TRs). The reporting of TRs is often missed due to various reasons. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of unreported acute TRs through active surveillance and to compare it with the incidence of passively reported TRs. METHODS: This prospective observational study was done over a period of four months at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 500 consecutive transfusion episodes (TEs) in patients who had received blood component transfusions in the intensive care units were included in the study. Comprehensive data were collected from the blood bank records, patient records and through interviews with the attending clinical staff. The TEs were defined as all blood components issued to a single patient in 24h. RESULTS: The overall incidence of TRs was 1.8 % (9 cases), with 0.4 % (2 cases) being reported passively, while 1.4 % (7 cases) were identified during active surveillance. The transfusion-associated cardiac overload (TACO) had the highest incidence of 1.2 % (6 cases) in active surveillance. A single case of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction was also observed during active surveillance. The passively reported TRs were one allergic reaction and one febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. CONCLUSION: Active surveillance of TRs provided an insight into the true incidence of TRs, which is higher when compared with the passively reported TRs. The TACO was found to have the highest incidence and not a single case was reported. There is a need to improve awareness regarding TR reporting.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction: Infection by Trypanosoma cruzi is challenging to blood bank supplies in terms of accurate diagnosis, mostly due to its clinical complexity. Infected individuals may remain asymptomatic for years, albeit they may have circulating parasites potentially transferable to eventual receptors of a transfusion. Objective: Although risk donors are systematically excluded through a survey, an important residual risk for transmission remains, evidencing the need to implement additional actions for the detection of T. cruzi in blood banks. Method: A review of the scientific literature is presented with the objective of identifying relevant publications on this subject. Results: We discuss the diagnostic considerations of this chronic infection on transfusion medicine and some recent advances in the processing of blood and derivatives units. Conclusion: Finally, recommendations are made on how the transmission of T. cruzi can be avoided through the implementation of better diagnostic and pathogen control measures at blood banks.
Assuntos
Trypanosoma cruzi , Bancos de Sangue , Fatores Epidemiológicos , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Segurança do SangueRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Infection by Trypanosoma cruzi is challenging to blood bank supplies in terms of accurate diagnosis, mostly due to its clinical complexity. Infected individuals may remain asymptomatic for years, albeit they may have circulating parasites potentially transferable to eventual receptors of a transfusion. OBJECTIVE: Although risk donors are systematically excluded through a survey, an important residual risk for transmission remains, evidencing the need to implement additional actions for the detection of T. cruzi in blood banks. METHOD: A review of the scientific literature is presented with the objective of identifying relevant publications on this subject. RESULTS: We discuss the diagnostic considerations of this chronic infection on transfusion medicine and some recent advances in the processing of blood and derivatives units. CONCLUSION: Finally, recommendations are made on how the transmission of T. cruzi can be avoided through the implementation of better diagnostic and pathogen control measures at blood banks.
RESUMO
Introducción. En Medellín, Colombia, se desconoce la prevalência de las siete infecciones transmisibles en bancos de sangre. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal con 25 842 donantes. Se emplearon pruebas de detección con alta validez. Se estimaron frecuencias con sus intervalos de confianza del 95%. Los factores asociados se identificaron con Chi cuadrado de Person, Test exacto de Fisher, razones de odds crudas y ajustados mediante regresión logística. Resultados. La reactividad global fue 3,3% en 2015 y 3,5% en 2016; virus de hepatitis B 1,6%, VHC 0,4%, HTLV 0,2%, T.pallidum 1,1% y T. cruzi 0,1%. La reactividad global y las infecciones virales fueron estadísticamente mayores en hombres, donantes mayores de edad, amas de casa, donantes no repetitivos y de primera vez. Conclusion. Se halló una elevada frecuencia de infecciones que implica grandes pérdidas económicas para el banco y la necesidad de mejorar los procesos de selección. La identificación de grupos con mayor prevalencia permite focalizar esfuerzos educativos e investigativos.
Introduction. In Medellin, Colombia, the prevalence of the seven transmissible infections in blood banks is unknown. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study with 25 842 donors. High validity detection Tests were applied. Frequencies with their confidence intervals of 95% were estimated. The associated factors were identified through Chi square of Person, Fisher's exact Test, crude odds ratios and adjusted by logistic regression. Results. The global reactivity was 3.3% in 2015 and 3.5% in 2016; hepatitis B virus 1.6%, HCV 0.4%, HTLV 0.2%, T Pallidum 1.1% and T. Cruzi 0.1%. The global reactivity and Viral infections were statistically higher in men, older donors of age, housewives, non-repetitive and first-time donors. Conclusion. It was found a high frequency of infections that imply great economics losses for the bank and the need to improve selection processes. The identification of groups with higher prevalence allows to focus educational and investigative efforts.
Introdução. Em Medellín, Colômbia, é desconhecida a prevalência das sete infecções transmissível em bancos de sangue. Material métodos. Estudo transversal com 25 842 doadores. Testes de detecção foram usados com alta validade. As frequências foram estimadas com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Os fatores associados foram identificados com Qui-quadrado de Person, Teste exato de Fisher, razão de possibilidades e razão de possibilidades ajustada por regressão logística. Resultados. A reatividade global foi de 3,3% em 2015 e de 3,5% em 2016; vírus da hepatite B 1,6%, VHC 0,4%, HTLV 0,2%, T. pallidum 1,1% e T. cruzi 0,1%. A reatividade global e as infecções virais foram estatisticamente maiores em homens, doadores de Idade legal, donas de casa, doadores não repetitivos e doadores de primeira vez. Conclusão. Encontrou-se alta frequência de infecções que implica grandes perdas econômicas para o banco e a necessidade de melhorar os processos de seleção. A identificação de grupos com maior prevalência permite enfocar esforços educacionais e investigativos.
RESUMO
A terapia transfusional é indicada como estratégia de manutenção ou reestabelecimento da homeostase. Similarmente ao que ocorre na administração de medicamentos ou produtos farmacêuticos, existe o risco de complicações ligadas à interação organismo-substância apesar da adoção de medidas preventivas. O reconhecimento das dimensões dos riscos associados à terapia transfusional demandam ação regulatória qualificada do Estado e presença de equipe técnica habilitada para monitoramento adequado. A pratica farmacêutica foi contemplada pela Resolução do Conselho Federal de Farmácia Nº617/2015, que estabelece atribuições clínicas ao farmacêutico na Hemoterapia, em adição a sua atuação já estabelecida nas Análises Clínicas. Objetivo: Este trabalho se propõe a realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a atuação farmacêutica na Hemovigilância, discutindo suas novas atribuições. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PUBMED, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS e SCIELO, no período de 2001 e 2018, em inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: A partir da leitura dos artigos pôde-se constatar a necessidade de reorientação no escopo das práticas farmacêuticas na área da hemoterapia. É necessário organizar o trinômio "ensino- gestão - trabalho" para beneficiar os usuários dos sistemas de saúde. Adicionalmente, a discussão conjunta entre conselhos profissionais é importante para estabelecer limites de prática e o entendimento da responsabilidade compartilhada. Considerações finais: Este estudo ressalta a importância do Farmacêutico na equipe de saúde como profissional que desenvolve ações de promoção da saúde e segurança no cuidado do paciente na terapia transfusional.
Transfusion therapy is indicated to maintain and reestablish homeostasis. As in administration of drugs or pharmaceuticals, there is a risk of complications related to organism-substance interaction despite the adoption of preventive measures. Recognition of the risks' dimensions associated with transfusion therapy requires qualified regulatory action by the State and the technical team qualified for adequate monitoring. Therefore, a pharmaceutical practice was contemplated by the Resolution of the Federal Council of Pharmacy (CFF) Nº 617/2015, a qualification clinical assignments for the pharmacist in Hemotherapy. Objective: This paper proposes to carry out a systematic review of the literature on the pharmaceutical performance in Hemovigilance, discussing its new attributions. Material and methods: A review of the MEDLINE / PUBMED, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS and SCIELO databases was carried out in 2001 and 2018 in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Results: After the reading was possible to verify the necessity of reorientation in the pharmaceutical's scope practices in the hemotherapy area. It is necessary to organize the "teaching-management-work" trinomial to benefit users of health systems. In addition, joint discussion among professional councils is important in establishing limits of practice and understanding of shared responsibility. Final considerations: This review reintroduces that pharmacist is the professional who promotes safety in patient care in transfusion therapy.
Assuntos
Farmacêuticos , Promoção da Saúde , Homeostase , Farmácia , Segurança do SangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Malaria can be transmitted by blood transfusion through donations collected from asymptomatic or parasitic donors. The parasites are released into the bloodstream during its life cycle and will therefore be present in donated blood by infected individuals. All cases of transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) notified since 2005 in Brazil were fatal. A good screening tool for Plasmodium spp. detection in blood units must have a high detection threshold, and the prevention of TTM relies entirely on the exclusion of potentially infected donors. However, in Brazilian blood banks, the screening test relies on blood thick smears examination. METHODS: The molecular diagnostic based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) using real time PCR (mt-qPCR) was improved to detect Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and standardized for use in Plasmodium malariae. The analytic sensitivity of this mt-qPCR methodology was performed using a sample of P. vivax. RESULTS: The mt-qPCR was highly efficient, and the analytic sensitivity for P. vivax was determined (0.000006 parasites/µL). This method was tested to detect P. vivax and P. falciparum in individuals from two malaria-endemic areas in Brazil, Amazon region (Pará and Rondônia states), the samples were collected in 10 reference units of two blood banks (Pará/nine cities and Rondônia/Porto Velho), and parasites mtDNA were detected in 10 of 2224 potential blood donors (0.45%). In all 10 positive samples, only P. vivax was detected. CONCLUSION: Molecular diagnostic using mt-qPCR was effective in revealing infected potential donors with good perspectives to be applied as screening routine of asymptomatic carriers for preventing transfusion-transmitted malaria in blood banks.
Assuntos
Bancos de Sangue , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/prevenção & controle , Malária/epidemiologia , Patologia Molecular , Vigilância em Saúde Pública/métodos , Sangue/parasitologia , Transfusão de Sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA Mitocondrial/análise , Humanos , Malária/parasitologia , Plasmodium falciparum/isolamento & purificação , Plasmodium malariae/isolamento & purificação , Plasmodium vivax/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo RealRESUMO
La donación de sangre es el sustento de los programas que proporcionan la sangre segura para el uso terapéutico, con el fin de preservar la salud y vida humana. Es necesario prestar especial atención a la seguridad y calidad de esta actividad ya que es también un principio ético, cuidar de la salud del que de forma altruista da parte de si para beneficiar a los demás. Aunque la donación es un proceder seguro, en ocasiones pueden presentarse efectos adversos en los donantes, algunos evitables, que pueden repercutir en su salud o afectar el retorno a esta actividad. A inicios de la década de 1990, surgen los programas de hemovigilancia encargados de velar, notificar, investigar y prevenir los efectos adversos de la transfusión y la donación, con el fin de prevenir su recurrencia e incrementar la seguridad y calidad de ambos procederes. Este trabajo realiza una revisión actualizada sobre las reacciones adversas de la donación en el contexto de la hemovigilancia(AU)
Blood donation is the livelihood of all blood programs to provide safe blood transfusion for therapeutic use whit the aim to preserve health and human life. It is necessary to pay attention to the safety and quality of this activity, because is an ethical principle to take care of the health of those who, in an altruist manner, give part of themselves in order to benefit others. Although the donation is a safe procedure, occasionally some side effects in donors may occur, many of them can be avoided, and that could have an echo on the donors' health on effect their return to this activity. At the beginning of the 90ths, decade started the Hemovigilance programs in charge of the vigilance, notification and prevention of transfusion and donation side effects, whit the purpose of preventing its recurrence and increase the safety and quality of both procedures. This work carries out and update revision about of donor's reactions in the Hemovigilance(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Doadores de Sangue , Segurança do Sangue/efeitos adversos , Segurança do Sangue/métodosRESUMO
Introducción: La hemovigilancia es el conjunto de procedimientos de vigilancia que cubre toda la cadena transfusional para el mejoramiento continuo de la seguridad y calidad de la cadena transfusional. Incluye el monitoreo, reporte, investigacion y análisis de los eventos adversos ocasionados por la donación, los procesos y la transfusión, para prevenir su ocurrencia o recurrencia. Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados de la implementación de un programa de hemovigilancia en el municipio de Jovellanos, provincia Matanzas, Cuba. Métodos: Entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2015 se implementó en el municipio de Jovellanos, un programa de hemovigilancia como parte del programa territorial iniciado en esa provincia, en igual fecha; para incrementar la seguridad y calidad transfusional. Previamente se realizó un diagnóstico del estado de las donaciones, las transfusiones y sus efectos adversos; de los casi errores, la hemoterapia, del grado de conocimientos en medicina transfusional de los médicos e indicadores de transfusiones; esto último mediante la aplicacion de una encuesta. Se inició un programa de capacitación, se creó el comité de transfusiones, se fortaleció el sistema de gerencia de calidad y la participación de las enfermeras en la transfusión. Resultados : Se elevó el grado de conocimientos en medicina transfusional de los profesionales, se logró la disminución de las reacciones de donantes y receptores; de una tasa en el 2002 de 14 y 63 por mil, respectivamente, a 1,1 y 0 por mil en el 2015; además disminuyó la gravedad de las reacciones. Hubo disminución del porcentaje de pacientes ingresados que fueron transfundidos de 18,5 a 7,3; además, disminuyó el número de transfusiones realizadas en 40,5 por ciento. Conclusiones: El programa es factible y sustentable con los recursos existentes y optimizó significativamente la seguridad y calidad transfusional(AU)
Introduction: Haemovigilance is the set of surveillance procedures that covers the entire transfusion chain for the continuous improvement of the safety and quality of this. It includes monitoring, reporting, research and analysis of adverse events caused by donation, processes and transfusion, to prevent its occurrence or recurrence. Objective: To show the results of the implementation of a haemovigilance program in the municipality of Jovellanos, Matanzas province, Cuba. Methods: Between January 2003 and December 2015, a haemovigilance program was implemented in the municipality of Jovellanos as part of the territorial program initiated in that province, on the same date; to increase transfusional safety and quality. Previously, a diagnosis of the state of donations, transfusions and their adverse effects was made; as well as the quasi-errors, the hemotherapy, the degree of knowledge of the doctors in transfusion medicine and the indicators of transfusions; the latter through the application of a survey. A training program was initiated, the transfusion committee was created, the quality management system and the participation of nurses in transfusion were strengthened. Results: The degree of knowledge of the professionals was increased, in transfusion medicine, the decrease in the reactions of donors and recipients was achieved; from an existing rate in 2002 of 14 and 63 per thousand, respectively, to 1.1 and 0 per thousand in 2015; in addition, the severity of the reactions decreased. There was a decrease in the percentage of admitted patients who were transfused from 18.5 to 7.3. In addition, the number of transfusions performed by 40.5 percent decreased. Conclusions: The program is feasible and sustainable with existing resources and significantly optimized transfusional safety and quality(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Segurança do Sangue/métodos , Medicina Transfusional/métodos , Reação Transfusional/prevenção & controle , Planos e Programas de SaúdeRESUMO
Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem diante das reações transfusionais em um hospital do estado de Pernambuco. Método: pesquisa de caráter descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizada na unidade de tratamento intensivo e emergência hospitalar, através da aplicação de questionário semiestruturado em 95 profissionais de enfermagem desses setores, durante o período de janeiro a junho de 2013. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Hospital da Restauração de Pernambuco, CAEE: 0081.0.102.000-10. Resultados: entre os entrevistados, 93% foram mulheres, 80% com tempo de formação superior a 10 anos, das quais 49% nunca monitoraram transfusões de hemocomponentes ou hemoderivados. Verificou-se que 59% desconhecem o tempo máximo para a infusão do concentrado de hemácias e 76% não sabiam o tempo mínimo para realizar essa infusão. Quanto às reações adversas, 65% afirmaram saber identificá-las e 19% não souberam a conduta que deviam adotar diante de reações transfusionais. Conclusão: é necessária a realização de educação continuada dos profissionais de enfermagem a respeito da prática transfusional.
Objective: to evaluate nursing teams' knowledge with regard to responding to transfusion reactions at a hospital in Pernambuco State. Method: in this quantitative, descriptive study at hospital intensive care and emergency units, a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to 95 nursing professionals from these sectors, from January to June, 2013. The study was approved by the ethics committee of Restauração de Pernambuco Hospital (CAEE: 0081.0.102.000-10). Results: 93% of interviewees were women, 80% had graduated more than 10 years earlier, 49% had never monitored blood component or blood product transfusions; 59% were found not to know the maximum time for red blood cell concentrate infusion and 76% did not know the minimum time for this infusion. Regarding adverse reactions, 65% claimed to know how to identify them, and 19% did not know how to respond to transfusion reactions. Conclusion: nursing professionals need to receive continuing education in transfusion practice
Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento del equipo de enfermería ante las reacciones transfusionales en un hospital del Estado de Pernambuco. Método: investigación de carácter descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, realizada en la unidad de tratamiento intensivo y urgencias hospitalarias, a través de la aplicación de cuestionario semiestructurado a 95 profesionales de enfermería de esos sectores, durante el período de enero a junio de 2013. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética del Hospital da Restauração de Pernambuco, CAEE: 0081.0.102.000-10. Resultados: entre los entrevistados, el 93% fue de mujeres, el 80% con tiempo de formación superior a 10 años, de las cuales el 49% nunca monitoreó transfusiones de hemocomponentes o hemoderivados. Se verificó que el 59% desconocía el tiempo máximo para la infusión del concentrado de hematíes y el 76% no sabía el tiempo mínimo para realizar esa infusión. En cuanto a las reacciones adversas, el 65% afirmó saber identificarlas y el 19% no sabía la conducta que debían adoptar ante las reacciones transfusionales. Conclusión: es necesario realizar educación continuada de los profesionales de enfermería respecto a la práctica transfusional
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Sangue , Transfusão de Sangue , Serviço de Hemoterapia , Segurança do Sangue , Educação em Enfermagem , Segurança do PacienteRESUMO
O estudo partiu da premissa que a inserção de uma tecnologia irá auxiliar na produção de informações para conhecimento e educação nos processos que necessitam de acompanhamento, monitoramento e avaliação contínua das ações contribuindo com a implementação da política de formação direcionada. Objetivo geral Desenvolver um instrumento de acompanhamento do processo de administração de transfusão de hemocomponente para mitigação e rastreabilidade de incidentes transfusionais. Metodologia estudo descritivo realizado através de observação sistemática do processo de administração de transfusão de hemocomponente em uma instituição pública federal, localizada no Rio de Janeiro com foco no tratamento e cirurgia das doenças cardiovasculares. O estudo foi realizado conforme resolução n°466 de 2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, submetido à Plataforma Brasil e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP) da UNIRIO sob n° CAAE: 51244015.9.0000.5285 e CEP da instituição em que foi realizada a pesquisa sob o n° CAAE: 51244015.9.3001.5272. Foram observadas, 30 transfusões sanguíneas durante os meses de Junho e Julho de 2016. Resultados o estudo evidenciou que conforme o grau de risco, considerando a probabilidade e a severidade dos itens avaliados, todas as etapas do processo avaliado, apresentou Percentual de Conformidades (PC) baixo, ou seja, menor que 60% classificando-as quanto ao potencial grau de risco em alto risco. Conclusão os resultados apontam que mediante a avaliação das conformidades do processo de administração de transfusão sanguínea, há necessidade de uma gestão de ações de vigilância considerando os riscos inerentes identificados, de maneira proativa a fim de prevenir incidentes e minimizar danos associados à terapia, através da implantação de capacitação e educação permanente relacionada à temática. O instrumento irá auxiliar na rastreabilidade, monitorização e mitigação dos riscos de incidentes transfusionais de forma a garantir a qualidade e segurança de todo o processo
The study started from the premise that the insertion of a technology will help in the production of information for knowledge and education in the processes that need monitoring, monitoring and continuous assessment of the actions contributing to the implementation of the targeted training policy. General Objective To develop an instrument to monitor the blood transfusion administration process for the mitigation and traceability of transfusion incidents. Methodology A descriptive study was carried out through a systematic observation of the process of blood transfusion administration at a federal public institution, located in Rio de Janeiro, focused on the treatment and surgery of cardiovascular diseases. The study was carried out according to resolution n ° 466 of 2012 of the National Health Council, submitted to the Brazil Platform and approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of UNIRIO under n ° CAAE: 51244015.9.0000.5285 and CEP of the institution in which it was performed the research under CAAE: 51244015.9.3001.5272. Thirty blood transfusions were observed during the months of June and July 2016. Results The study showed that according to the degree of risk, considering the probability and severity of the evaluated items, all stages of the evaluated process presented Percentage of Conformities (PC), that is, less than 60%, classifying them for the potential high-risk degree. Conclusion, the results indicate that by evaluating the conformity of the process of blood transfusion administration, there is a need for a management of surveillance actions considering the inherent risks identified, in a proactive way in order to prevent incidents and minimize damage associated with therapy, through implementation of training and permanent education related to the theme. The instrument will assist in the traceability, monitoring and mitigation of the risks of transfusion incidents in order to guarantee the quality and safety of the entire process
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transfusão de Sangue , Segurança do Sangue/métodos , Segurança do Sangue/normas , Reação Transfusional/prevenção & controle , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Adesão a Diretivas AntecipadasRESUMO
O estudo nasceu do campo de trabalho com a necessidade de orientação e monitoramento da prática hemoterapia em enfermagem. Objetivo Geral: Elaborar um instrumento como uma lista de verificação para orientar a assistência de enfermagem ao cliente submetido à hemotransfusão. Traçamos como objetivos específicos: Identificar a função da enfermeira que atua na Agência Transfusional; Analisar a conformidade dos conhecimentos da equipe de enfermagem sobre intervenções assistenciais ao cliente em hemoterapia e sobre Hemovigilância; Aprimorar a Lista de Verificação (Checklist) Seguro para a Assistência de Enfermagem ao Cliente Receptor de Hemocomponentes (Produto deste estudo) e Testar o produto. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo cujo campo de pesquisa foi um hospital universitário público, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, desenvolvido segundo a metodologia administrativa proposta por Cury (2005): Fase I Diagnóstico da função da enfermeira na Agência Transfusional e o conhecimento específico da equipe de enfermagem. Fase II Elaboração da Lista de Verificação Segura para o Cliente Submetido à Hemotransfusão. Fase III - Teste da Lista de Verificação. Os participantes foram 52 enfermeiros e 79 técnicos de enfermagem atuantes na assistência a clientes submetidos à hemotransfusões. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da UNIRIO sob o nº 463207, CAAE: 52779315.7.0000.5285. Na fase diagnostica ocorrida em maio de 2016, foi identificada a função da enfermeira com base na legislação e elaborados dois fluxogramas de trabalho e foi aplicado o teste de Conhecimento a 131 profissionais. As respostas foram codificadas e analisadas pelo sistema SPSS 21,0 e mostraram que apenas 34,35% dos participantes obtiveram acertos acima de 70%, o que reforça a necessidade de treinamentos e implementação de um instrumento assistencial específico. Fase 2 realizada em junho de 2016. Os resultados da fase diagnóstica permitiram as adequações à Lista de Verificação (Checklist) Seguro para a Assistência de Enfermagem ao Cliente Receptor de Hemocomponentes já existente e em uso no hospital e desenvolvido treinamentos voltados para os 131 profissionais de enfermagem. Na terceira fase foi realizada a testagem da Lista de Verificação (Checklist) Segura para a Assistência de Enfermagem ao Cliente Receptor de Hemocomponente corrigida de acordo com as sugestões dos profissionais de enfermagem que utilizaram o impresso proposto em 40 quarenta transfusões. Conclui-se que é de suma importância ter o enfermeiro na agência transfusional com atuação em todo o processo hemoterápico, visto que o sangue é um transplante de órgão que necessita de cuidados intensivos para garantir a segurança do cliente. O estudo respondeu às questões de pesquisa, e evidenciou que a lista de verificação aproxima a assistência e a evolução de enfermagem na transfusão de hemocomponente de uma sistematização, que reduz riscos e danos ao cliente e possibilita a qualidade assistencial de enfermagem
The study was born from the field of work with the need for guidance and monitoring of hemotherapy practice in nursing. General Objective: To devise an instrument such as a checklist to guide nursing care to the transfused client. We outline specific objectives: Identify the role of the nurse working in the Transfusional Agency; To analyze the conformity of the knowledge of the nursing team about healthcare interventions to the client in hemotherapy and on hemovigilance; Improve the Safe Check List for the Hemotransferred Customer. (Product of this study) and Test the product. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study whose field of research was a public university hospital, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, developed according to the administrative methodology proposed by Cury (2005): Phase I- Diagnosis of the nurse's role in the Transfusional Agency and the specific knowledge of the nursing team. Phase II - Elaboration of the Safe Check List for the Hemotransfusion Customer. Phase III - Checklist Test. The participants were 52 nurses and 79 nursing technicians working in the care of clients submitted to blood transfusion. The project was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of UNIRIO under nº 463207, CAAE: 52779315.7.0000.5285. In the diagnostic phase that occurred in May 2016, the nurse's role was identified based on legislation and two workflows were elaborated and the Knowledge test was applied to 131 professionals. The responses were coded and analyzed by the SPSS 21.0 system and showed that only 34.35% of the participants obtained scores above 70%, which reinforces the need for training and implementation of a specific care instrument. Phase 2 - carried out in June 2016. The results of the diagnostic phase allowed for adjustments to the existing Checklist for the Client submitted to Hemotransfusion and in use in the hospital and developed training aimed at the 131 nursing professionals. In the third phase, the testing of the Safe Verification List for the Client submitted to Hemotransfusion was performed, corrected according to the suggestions of the nursing professionals who used the proposed form in 40 transfusions. It is concluded that it is of paramount importance to have the nurse in the transfusional agency with a role in the entire hemotherapy process, since blood is an organ transplant that requires intensive care to ensure client safety. The study answered the research questions and showed that the checklist approximates nursing care and evolution in the transfusion of blood components of a systematization, which reduces risks and damages to the client and enables nursing care quality
El estudio nació del campo de trabajo con la necesidad de orientación y monitoreo de la práctica hemoterapia en enfermería. Objetivo General: Elaborar un instrumento como una lista de verificación para orientar la asistencia de enfermería al cliente sometido a la hemotransfusión. Trazamos como objetivos específicos: Identificar la función de la enfermera que actúa en la Agencia Transfusional; Analizar la conformidad de los conocimientos del equipo de enfermería sobre intervenciones asistenciales al cliente en hemoterapia y sobre Hemovigilancia; Mejorar la Lista de Verificación (Checklist) Seguro para la Asistencia de Enfermería al Cliente Receptor de Hemocomponentes (Producto de este estudio) y Probar el producto. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo cuyo campo de investigación fue un hospital universitario público, en el estado de Río de Janeiro, desarrollado según la metodología administrativa propuesta por Cury (2005): Fase I - Diagnóstico de la función de la enfermera en la Agencia Transfusional y el conocimiento específico del equipo de enfermería. Fase II - Elaboración de la Lista de Verificación Segura para el Cliente Sometido a la Hemotransfusión. Fase III - Prueba de la Lista de Verificación. Los participantes fueron 52 enfermeros y 79 técnicos de enfermería actuantes en la asistencia a clientes sometidos a las hemotransfusiones. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación de UNIRIO bajo el nº 463207, CAAE: 52779315.7.0000.5285. La fase diagnóstica ocurrió en mayo de 2016, fue identificada como una función de enfermería con base en la legislación y elaborado dos fundamentos de trabajo y fue aplicada en el ensayo de Conhecimento a 131 profesionales. Las respuestas fueron codificadas y analizadas por el sistema SPSS 21,0 y muestran que sólo 34,35% de los participantes obtiveram acertos superiores a 70%, que requieren una formación básica y una implementación del instrumento assistencial específico. Fase 2 - realizada en junio de 2016. Resultados de la fase diagnóstica permitida como adecuaciones a la Lista de Verificación (Lista de Verificación) Seguro para una Asistencia de Enfermería al Cliente Receptor de Hemocomponentes ya existente en el uso no hospital y desarrolló entrenamientos voltios para los 131 profesionales De enfermagem Em la fase anterior se realizó una prueba de la Lista de Verificación (Lista de comprobación) Segura para una Asistencia de Enfermería en el Receptor de Hemocomponente. Conclui-se que es de suma importancia para el enfermo en la agencia de transfusión en todo el proceso de hemoterápico, en el cuidado de la salud del paciente. El estudio responde a las preguntas de investigación y muestra que una lista de casos se aproxima a un estudio y una evolución de la enfermería en una transfusión de hemocomponente de una sistematización, que reduce lós riesgos y los daños al cliente y posibilita una calidad asistencial de enfermería
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lista de Checagem/instrumentação , Segurança do Sangue/enfermagem , Segurança do Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Time Out na Assistência à Saúde , Capacitação em ServiçoRESUMO
Introducción: la hemovigilancia es una herramienta para mejorar la calidad de la transfusión sanguínea, centrándose principalmente en la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: identificar y conocer las características y la frecuencia de las reacciones adversas a la transfusión y desarrollar un sistema de hemovigilancia aplicable en nuestro hospital. Material y método: se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo, realizándose el seguimiento de todos los pacientes transfundidos con hemocomponentes en un Hospital Universitario durante 12 meses en un período de dos años (2014-2015). Se registraron las reacciones adversas a la transfusión, los incidentes y los casi incidentes. Resultados: se registraron en total 58 reacciones adversas a la transfusión, correspondiendo a una tasa de 8,3‰ hemocomponentes transfundidos. Conclusiones: el análisis detallado de las reacciones adversas reveló posibilidades de mejoramiento de los procedimientos y permitió la implementación de medidas correctivas y preventivas. El sistema de hemovigilancia utilizado es simple en su estructura y fácilmente aplicable.
Abstract Introduction: hemovigilance is a tool used to improve the quality of blood transfusion, and it mainly focuses on patients’ safety. Objective: to identify and learn about the characteristics and frequency of transfusion related negative effects and to devise a hemovigilance system to be applied in our hospital. Method: we conducted an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study, and all patients who received hemocomponents at the university hospital in a two year period (2014-2015) were followed up during 12 months. All reactions related to transfusion, adverse incidents and near misses were recorded. Results: 58 transfusion related adverse reactions were recorded, what represented 8,3‰ of the transfused hemocomponents. Conclusion: the detailed analysis of adverse reactions showed procedures to improve results may be adopted and allowed for the implementation of corrective and preventive measures. The hemovigilance system used is simple in terms of its structure and easy to apply.
Resumo Introdução: a hemovigilância é uma ferramenta para melhorar a qualidade da transfusão sanguínea e busca principalmente a segurança do paciente. Objetivo: identificar e conhecer as características e a frequência das reações adversas à transfusão e desenvolver um sistema de hemovigilância aplicável no nosso hospital. Material e método: foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo, longitudinal e prospectivo, com o seguimento de todos os pacientes transfundidos com hemocomponentes no Hospital Universitário durante 12 meses em um período de dois anos (2014-2015). As reações adversas à transfusão, os incidentes e os quase incidentes foram registrados. Resultados: foram registradas 58 reações adversas à transfusão, correspondendo a uma taxa de 8,3‰ hemocomponentes transfundidos. Conclusões: a análise detalhada das reações adversas mostrou possibilidades para o aperfeiçoamento dos procedimentos e permitiu implementar medidas corretivas e preventivas. O sistema de hemovigilância utilizado tem uma estrutura simples e é de fácil aplicação.
Assuntos
Segurança do Sangue , Transfusão de SangueRESUMO
El daño pulmonar agudo relacionado con la transfusión o TRALI, como más comúnmente se le conoce, por definición no se diferencia de otros tipos de distrés respiratorios, salvo por su origen demostrable y su estrecha relación temporal con la transfusión. Constituye una de las reacciones adversas más peligrosas del uso de productos sanguíneos y sus peculiares características le permiten enmascararse entre los muchos factores que pueden desencadenar un daño pulmonar agudo, especialmente en algunos pacientes que resultan más susceptibles a su desarrollo. El propósito de esta revisión es hacer un recordatorio de su existencia, sobre todo a aquellos médicos que manejan cotidianamente pacientes demandantes de componentes sanguíneos y cuya condición clínica favorece su aparición. Sus principales variables epidemiológicas (ej: incidencia y mortalidad) varían, a veces de manera notable, entre los distintos informes. La heterogeneidad de criterios aun después de la consecución de consensos internacionales para su diagnóstico, dificulta aprovechar al máximo los datos obtenidos de los distintos estudios realizados sobre su comportamiento y ha promovido la aparición de no pocos resultados contradictorios. Su diagnóstico clínico representa un reto al presentarse en medio de contextos clínicos que hacen plantear otras causas para la aparición del distrés respiratorio. Por ello, muchas veces pasa inadvertido o es mal identificado(AU)
Transfusion-related acute lung injury better known as TRALI, has not differences with other kinds of acute respiratory distress, except for its close relation with transfusion. It is considered among the greatest hazards on blood products use. With its peculiar characteristics it mimics within the many factors that may trigger an acute respiratory distress, especially among those patients at high risk for suffering lung damage after transfusion. The main purpose of this review is to make a recall of the existence of TRALI for those physicians who deal with high transfusion-demanding patients or those with conditions which could represent a risk for its development. TRALI´s main epidemiological variables (such as incidence and mortality) show important variations among different investigations. The criteria heterogeneity, even after the consecution of international diagnostic consensus, has made it difficult to take advantage of the data arose from multiple studies about its behavior, promoting the report of not a few contradictory results on worldwide publications. Diagnosing TRALI represents a real challenge for the clinician since it often appears within the context of various possible causes for an acute respiratory distress. This is why TRALI is frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/complicações , Reação Transfusional/complicações , Reação Transfusional/diagnóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/diagnósticoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil das reações transfusionais em crianças e identificar os fatores intervenientes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado em um hospital-escola pediátrico terciário da rede pública, envolvendo todas as crianças internadas de janeiro a julho de 2011 (5437), das quais 1.226 foram hemotransfundidas, constituindo, assim, a amostra. Realizado estudo documental dos relatórios do serviço de hemovigilância e das fichas de notificação de reações transfusionais. As variáveis investigadas foram: número e tipo de hemocomponente transfundido, local de transfusão, local da reação, idade, sexo, tipo de hemocomponente envolvido, tipo de incidente e história prévia de politransfusão. Realizada análise descritiva e inferencial, utilizando-se testes estatísticos para estabelecer associação entre as variáveis. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se 57 incidentes transfusionais envolvendo 47 crianças distintas e 72 hemocomponentes, constituindo uma prevalência de reações de 3,8%. Na análise inferencial, pelo teste do Qui-quadrado, as seguintes variáveis apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05) com o tipo de reação: faixa etária e tipo de hemocomponente envolvido. Analogamente, a doença de base do paciente associou-se com a história prévia de incidente transfusional e o tipo de hemocomponente. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de reações transfusionais em crianças é elevada, e os fatores intervenientes são o tipo de hemocomponente, a faixa etária, comorbidade do paciente e politransfusão, sendo que os dois primeiros associam-se, também, com tipo de reação ocorrida.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the profile of blood transfusion reactions in children and to identify the involved factors. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in a tertiary pediatric teaching hospital from the public healthcare system, involving all children admitted from January to July of 2011 (5,437), of which 1,226 received blood transfusions, constituting the sample. A documental study was performed by analyzing files from the hemovigilance service and notification forms of transfusion reactions. The variables investigated were: number and type of blood components transfused, transfusion site, reaction site, age, gender, type of blood components involved, type of incident, and previous history of multiple transfusions. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed, using statistical tests to establish the association between the variables. RESULTS: There were 57 transfusion incidents involving 47 children and 72 different blood products, thus constituting a prevalence of reactions of 3.8%. At the inferential analysis, the chi-squared test showed that the following variables were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with the type of reaction: age range and type of blood component. Similarly, the patient's underlying disease was associated with previous history of transfusion incident and type of blood component. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of transfusion reactions in children is high, and the intervening factors are: type of blood component, age, patient comorbidity, and multiple transfusions; type of blood component and age are also associated with type of reaction.
Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Transfusão de Sangue/efeitos adversos , Hipersensibilidade/etiologia , Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos/efeitos adversos , Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos/normas , Brasil/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Transversais , Órgãos Governamentais , Hipersensibilidade/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the profile of blood transfusion reactions in children and to identify the involved factors. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in a tertiary pediatric teaching hospital from the public healthcare system, involving all children admitted from January to July of 2011 (5,437), of which 1,226 received blood transfusions, constituting the sample. A documental study was performed by analyzing files from the hemovigilance service and notification forms of transfusion reactions. The variables investigated were: number and type of blood components transfused, transfusion site, reaction site, age, gender, type of blood components involved, type of incident, and previous history of multiple transfusions. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed, using statistical tests to establish the association between the variables. RESULTS: There were 57 transfusion incidents involving 47 children and 72 different blood products, thus constituting a prevalence of reactions of 3.8%. At the inferential analysis, the chi-squared test showed that the following variables were significantly associated (p<0.05) with the type of reaction: age range and type of blood component. Similarly, the patient's underlying disease was associated with previous history of transfusion incident and type of blood component. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of transfusion reactions in children is high, and the intervening factors are: type of blood component, age, patient comorbidity, and multiple transfusions; type of blood component and age are also associated with type of reaction.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade/etiologia , Reação Transfusional , Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos/efeitos adversos , Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos/normas , Brasil/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Órgãos Governamentais , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/epidemiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Vigilância da População , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Introducción: en la provincia de Matanzas, de enero del 2003 a diciembre de 2011, se desarrolló un programa de hemovigilancia para incrementar la seguridad de la cadena transfusional. Objetivo: analizar los efectos de este programa sobre las reacciones adversas en los donantes de sangre. Métodos: Se identificó el estado de la notificación de los eventos adversos de la donación en el año 2002, etapa previa al programa. Se mejoró el servicio de donaciones con la revisión de los procederes y las buenas prácticas; a la metodología para la selección del donante se incorporaron los datos geográficos epidemiológicos de cada territorio. A partir de 2003, se notificaron las reacciones adversas de la donación mediante un formulario diseñado para ese fin, se analizaron sus causas, se tomaron las medidas preventivas y correctivas pertinentes. Se efectuaron acciones para prevenir estas y mejorar la calidad de la colecta como capacitación y consejería a los donantes. Se organizó un sistema de alerta rápida para detectar y minimizar los riesgos relacionados con la donación y la calidad de la colecta. Resultados: se disminuyó la tasa de reacciones del donante de 10,1 por mil donaciones en 2002 a 1,4 por mil donaciones en 2011. Se eliminaron las reacciones graves y se minimizaron las moderadas. La reacción más frecuente fue la vasovagal leve. Conclusiones: la hemovigilancia es una herramienta eficaz para incrementar la seguridad de los donantes y mejorar la calidad de la colecta de sangre y puede implementarse con escasos recursos
Introduction: from January 2003 to December 2011 a program of hemovigilance was developed to increase the safety of transfusion in the province of Matanzas. Objective: to analyze the effects of this program on the adverse reactions of blood donors. Methods: adverse reactions to blood donation were identified in 2002 prior to the introduction of the program. The donation service was improved with the revision of procedures and standard practice; epidemiological and geographic data was included in the donor's selection process. From 2003 on, the adverse reactions to donations were notified using a form specially designed; causes were analyzed and prevention and corrective actions were taken. Other proceedings were applied to prevent negative reactions at donation and to improve the quality of blood collection, such as training and advice to donors. A quick alert system was set up to detect and to correct the risks related to donation and the quality of the collection. Results: there was a decrease on the donor's reaction rate from 10, 1 out of 1 000 donations in 2002 to 1,4 out of 1000 in 2011. Severe adverse reactions were eliminated and moderate reactions were minimized. The most frequent was the vasovagal reaction. Conclusions: hemovigilance is an effective tool to increase donors' safety and to improve the quality of blood collection and it can be implemented with scarce resources