RESUMO
Abstract This study aimed to determine the association between the polymorphisms and haplotypes in the xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) gene and the risk of pancreatic cancer in the Chinese Han population. SNaPshot was used for genotyping six SNP sites of the XPD gene. Comparisons of the correlations between different genotypes in combination with smoking and the susceptibility to pancreatic cancer were performed. Individual pancreatic cancer risk in patients who carry mutant C alleles (AC, CC, and AC+CC) at rs13181 increased (p < 0.05). Taking non-smoking individuals who carry the AA genotype as a reference, and non-smoking individuals who carry mutant allele C (AC+CC), the risk of pancreatic cancer increased by 3.343 times in individuals who smoked ≥ 20 cigarettes daily, 3.309 times in individuals who smoked ≥ 14 packs per year, 5.011 times in individuals who smoked ≥ 24 packs per year, and 4.013 times in the individuals who smoked ≥ 37 packs per year (P < 0.05). In addition, haplotype analysis revealed that haplotype AGG, which comprised rs13181, rs3916874 and rs238415, was associated with a 1.401-fold increase in pancreatic cancer risk (p < 0.05). We conclude that the polymorphism of XPD Lys751Gln (rs13181) in combination with smoking contributes to increased risk of pancreatic cancer in the Chinese Han population. Haplotype AGG might be a susceptibility haplotype for pancreatic cancer.
RESUMO
Rotaviruses are etiological agents of diarrhea both in humans and in several animal species. Data on avian Group D rotaviruses (RVD) are scarce, especially in Brazil. We detected RVD in 4 pools of intestinal contents of broilers, layer and broiler breeders out of a total of 111 pools from 8 Brazilian states, representing an occurrence of 3.6%, by a specific RVD RT-PCR targeting the VP6 gene. Phylogenetic tree confirmed that the Brazilian strains belong to group D and 3 of the sequences were identical in terms of amino acid whereas one showed 99.5% identity with the others. The sequences described in this study are similar to other sequences previously detected in Brazil, confirming the conserved nature of the VP6 protein.
Rotavírus são agentes etiológicos de diarreia tanto em humanos como em várias espécies animais. Dados sobre rotavírus do grupo D (RVD) em aves são escassos, especialmente no Brasil. Nós detectamos RVD em 4 pools de conteúdo intestinal de frango de corte, poedeiras e matrizes de um total de 111 pools originários de 8 estados brasileiros, representando uma ocorrência de 3,6% a partir de uma RT-PCR específica para RVD, tendo como alvo o gene VP6. A árvore filogenética confirmou que as amostras brasileiras pertencem ao grupo D e três das sequências obtidas foram idênticas em termos de aminoácidos enquanto uma apresentou 99,5% de identidade com as demais. As sequências aqui definidas são semelhantes a outras sequências previamente definidas no Brasil, confirmando a natureza conservada da proteína VP6.
Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas/virologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Rotavirus/patogenicidade , Sequência de Bases , Genes Virais , Estrutura Molecular , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterináriaRESUMO
Rotaviruses are etiological agents of diarrhea both in humans and in several animal species. Data on avian Group D rotaviruses (RVD) are scarce, especially in Brazil. We detected RVD in 4 pools of intestinal contents of broilers, layer and broiler breeders out of a total of 111 pools from 8 Brazilian states, representing an occurrence of 3.6%, by a specific RVD RT-PCR targeting the VP6 gene. Phylogenetic tree confirmed that the Brazilian strains belong to group D and 3 of the sequences were identical in terms of amino acid whereas one showed 99.5% identity with the others. The sequences described in this study are similar to other sequences previously detected in Brazil, confirming the conserved nature of the VP6 protein.(AU)
Rotavírus são agentes etiológicos de diarreia tanto em humanos como em várias espécies animais. Dados sobre rotavírus do grupo D (RVD) em aves são escassos, especialmente no Brasil. Nós detectamos RVD em 4 pools de conteúdo intestinal de frango de corte, poedeiras e matrizes de um total de 111 pools originários de 8 estados brasileiros, representando uma ocorrência de 3,6% a partir de uma RT-PCR específica para RVD, tendo como alvo o gene VP6. A árvore filogenética confirmou que as amostras brasileiras pertencem ao grupo D e três das sequências obtidas foram idênticas em termos de aminoácidos enquanto uma apresentou 99,5% de identidade com as demais. As sequências aqui definidas são semelhantes a outras sequências previamente definidas no Brasil, confirmando a natureza conservada da proteína VP6.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Rotavirus/patogenicidade , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Aves Domésticas/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária , Filogenia , Estrutura Molecular , Genes Virais , Sequência de BasesRESUMO
Las infecciones originadas por bacterias del género Salmonella son una de las principalescausas de pérdidas económicas en la industria avícola, se caracterizan generalmentepor la presentación de cuadros diarreicos y septicémicos que llevan a las aves a unamarcada disminución en la producción y a la muerte. En Colombia, debido al efectonegativo que produce Salmonella spp. en las aves, y con el objetivo de poder controlarla enfermedad, se utiliza una gran variedad de productos antimicrobianos, de los cuales no se posee suficiente información acerca de su comportamiento en cuanto asensibilidad y resistencia frente a las cepas de Salmonella spp. de campo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la respuesta de 20 cepas de Salmonellas grupo D (móviles einmóviles) aisladas de aves ponedoras comerciales en Colombia frente a diferentes antimicrobianos. Para su aislamiento y tipificación se utilizaron técnicas microbiológicas convencionales, pruebas bioquímicas, serológicas y pruebas de susceptibilidad a los antibióticos por difusión en agar. Los resultados revelaron una resistencia total hacia la estreptomicina, seguida de altas resistencias para tetraciclina y florfenicol, y una menor resistencia a productos como fosfomicina y cloramfenicol.
Infections caused by Salmonella bacteria are a major cause of economic losses in thepoultry industry, because caused mainly by the presentation of diarrheas and septicemic birds leading to a marked decrease in the production death. In Colombia due to the negative effect by Salmonella spp. in poultry, and with the aim of controlling the disease, the people have been using a variety of antimicrobials, which do not possess sufficient information about its behavior in terms of sensitivity and resistance againststrains of Salmonella spp. field. The aim of this study was to determine the response of20 strains of Salmonella group D (mobile and non mobile) isolated from commercial laying hens in Colombia against different antimicrobials. For the isolation and characterization are using conventional microbiological techniques, biochemical tests, serological testing and antibiotic susceptibility by agar diffusion. The results revealed a total resistance to streptomycin, followed by tetracycline and Florfenicol and less resistance to products such as Fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.