RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Mechanisms of type 2 diabetes remission (T2Dr) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in obese patients appear to involve gastrointestinal hormones. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore changes in ghrelin plasma levels and ghrelin gastrointestinal gene expression (GHRL) after RYGB, and their relationships to T2Dr. SETTING: In 20 obese women with T2D, before and 3 months after RYGB, we assessed GHRL expression by microarray and quantitative RT-PCR in gastrointestinal biopsy samples and plasma levels of ghrelin. RESULTS: After RYGB, GHRL expression increased in the excluded stomach (p < 0.05) with no change in other gastrointestinal sites. There were no significant changes in ghrelin plasma levels and no correlations with T2Dr. CONCLUSIONS: After RYGB, over-expression of GHRL gene occurs only in the excluded stomach with no correlation to T2Dr.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/cirurgia , Derivação Gástrica , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Grelina/genética , Obesidade/genética , Obesidade/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Feminino , Trato Gastrointestinal/metabolismo , Trato Gastrointestinal/patologia , Trato Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Grelina/sangue , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade Mórbida/genética , Obesidade Mórbida/metabolismo , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Período Pós-Operatório , Indução de Remissão , Estômago/patologia , Estômago/cirurgia , Regulação para Cima/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Ghrelin coded by the GHRL gene is related to weight-gain, its deactivation possibly depending on its hydrolyzation by butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) encoded by the BCHE gene, an enzyme already associated with the body mass index (BMI). The aim was to search for relationships between SNPs of the GHRL and BCHE genes with BChE activity, BMI and obesity in 144 obese and 153 nonobese Euro-Brazilian male blood donors. In the obese individuals, a significant association with higher BChE activity, in the 72LM+72MM; -116GG genotype class (GHRL and BCHE genes, respectively) was noted. No significant differences were found otherwise, through comparisons between obese and control individuals, of genotype and allele frequencies in SNPs of the GHRL gene (Arg51Gln and Leu72Met), or mean BMI between 72LL and 72LM+72MM genotypes. Although there appears to be no direct relationship between the examined GHRL SNPs and BMI, the association of the 72M SNP with higher BChE activity in obese subjects probably points to a regulatory mechanism, thereby implying the influence of the GHRL gene on BChE expression, and a consequential metabolic role in the complex process of fat utilization.
RESUMO
Ghrelin coded by the GHRL gene is related to weight-gain, its deactivation possibly depending on its hydrolyzation by butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) encoded by the BCHE gene, an enzyme already associated with the body mass index (BMI). The aim was to search for relationships between SNPs of the GHRL and BCHE genes with BChE activity, BMI and obesity in 144 obese and 153 nonobese Euro-Brazilian male blood donors. In the obese individuals, a significant association with higher BChE activity, in the 72LM+72MM; -116GG genotype class (GHRL and BCHE genes, respectively) was noted. No significant differences were found otherwise, through comparisons between obese and control individuals, of genotype and allele frequencies in SNPs of the GHRL gene (Arg51Gln and Leu72Met), or mean BMI between 72LL and 72LM+72MM genotypes. Although there appears to be no direct relationship between the examined GHRL SNPs and BMI, the association of the 72M SNP with higher BChE activity in obese subjects probably points to a regulatory mechanism, thereby implying the influence of the GHRL gene on BChE expression, and a consequential metabolic role in the complex process of fat utilization.