RESUMO

In this work, the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of hydroalcoholic extracts from the peel and seeds of jatobá fruit and the synergistic effect of their combination against pathogenic bacteria were evaluated. The 80% ethanol fruit seed extract showed a greater antioxidant potential and higher total phenolic content (5135.61 mg GAE 100 g dry residue-1) than the maximum value obtained from peel extract using 50% ethanol (2614.74 1 mg GAE 100 g dry residue-1). Moreover, 70% and 80% ethanol seed extracts inhibited most bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the lowest values of minimum inhibitory concentration (1.0 and 8.0 mg mL-1), when compared with extracts from peel. Combining the 70% ethanol extracts from peels and seeds reduced their inhibitory concentration by about 4 to 32 times against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritidis, when compared to each extract alone. Extracts from the peel and seeds of the jatobá fruit showed potential as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials.

RESUMO

Agro-industrial residues and by-products are a crescent environmental problem since they are often discarded without proper treatment, and still have growing production. These residues are rich from a nutritional point of view and contain various industrial relevant compounds, such as phenolic compounds, fibers, vitamins, sugars and others. The crescent worrying about environmental issues has led researchers and industries to focus on "eco-friendly" solutions for everyday problems. In this sense, the use of enzymes for the valorization of agro-industrial residues is a safe and green alternative technology. Hence, this review aims to show the enzyme potential for the use and valorization of several agro-industrial residues, focusing on the most produced residues worldwide, such as fruits, grains and lignocellulosic residues, as well as a brief explanation of microbial enzymes, its production and optimization, altogether with tools to identify producing microorganisms.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate intake, digestibility, microbial protein production, and nitrogen balance of lambs fed with different dehydrated fruit residues replacing sorghum silage. The experiment was conducted using 25 mixed-breed male lambs (20.64 ± 4.20 kg) with an average age of 8 months. Treatments consisted of sorghum silage and 75% (DM basis) replacement of sorghum silage for dehydrated pineapple, banana, mango, or passion fruit by-products. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five repetitions. Results were subjected to one-way analysis of variance and means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% of probability. Daily nutrient intake did not differ (P > 0.05) between the different treatments evaluated regardless of how it was expressed (kg/day or % body weight [BW]), except for NDFap (% BW) that was higher (P < 0.05) in the diet with passion fruit residue than in diets with banana and mango residues. The digestibility of ethereal extract was higher (P < 0.05) for diets with sorghum silage, pineapple, and passion fruit compared to the diet with banana residue. The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ashes and protein was higher (P < 0.05) on animals receiving sorghum silage than diets with mango and passion fruit residues. No difference (P > 0.05) was observed for purine derivative excretion, microbial efficiency, nitrogen intake, nitrogen loss (urine and feces), and nitrogen balance between diets. In conclusion, dehydrated fruit by-products (pineapple, banana, mango, and passion fruit) are good options for partial replacement of sorghum silage (75%) and potentially reduce feeding costs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The agroindustrial residues have been recognized as important sources of some prominent chemical compounds and hence a viable strategy of obtaining bioactive compounds could be applied to them. The present study was aimed to investigate the presence of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of some Brazilian exotic fruits (achachairu, araçá-boi, bacaba) residues. The antioxidant capacity of fruit residues was evaluated by ORAC, FRAP and ABTS assays. The contents of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, chlorophylls and carotenoids were determined. The identification and quantification of the phenolic compounds were performed by using the UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS system. The compounds cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, epicatechin and quercetin were identified and quantified in all fruits residues. The residue with the highest antioxidant capacity was bacaba for ORAC (15,285.51±20.38µmolTE/100g) and FRAP (16,916.37±10.01µmolTE/100g) assays, as well as total phenolic compounds in its methanolic extract (1537.45±73.35mgGAE/100g).

Assuntos

RESUMO

El consumo de fibra dietaria se ha asociado con propiedades de alimentos funcionales porque provee condiciones que favorecen la salud intestinal, la prevención de cáncer de colon, las enfermedades cardiovasculares y ayuda en el mantenimiento del peso. En el presente estudio se busca elaborar y evaluar un postre lácteo adicionado con fibra de residuos resultantes de la separación de pulpa de naranja. Se selecciona la fibra de naranja como materia prima para la elaboración de postres, ya que se trata de una buena fuente de fibra dietaria tanto soluble como insoluble; además, en la caracterización sensorial, realizada por jueces entrenados, se encuentra que esta fibra presenta olor y aroma propios de la fruta y características texturales bucales agradables. El análisis proximal muestra que la fibra de naranja contiene un 59.1 % de fibra dietaria total FDT y la fracción soluble FDS es de 27.5 %, con buen contenido de hierro y fósforo y otros nutrientes a excepción de la grasa cruda. Desde el punto de vista tecnológico es factible incorporar hasta un 5.0 % de fibra de naranja en el postre lácteo, el cual presenta un 2.1 % de grasa láctea, 7.3 de sólidos lácteos y un 25.3 % de sólidos totales. El perfil del sabor muestra que el postre con fibra de naranja presenta una calidad sensorial media. Los descriptores de sabor que presenta este producto son: naranja, cítrico, ácido, dulce, cocido y con un sabor residual amargo. Los descriptores de textura percibidos son: húmedo, blando, masticable y fibroso. Este nuevo producto alimenticio aporta los nutrientes propios y una cantidad adicional de fibra, lo que lo convierte en alimento saludable y una alternativa agradable, sencilla y económica para que las personas incrementen el consumo diario de fibra dietaria. Además, mediante el aprovechamiento de los residuos de la transformación de naranja se contribuye a disminuir la contaminación ambiental.

The consumption of dietary fiber has been associated with functional food properties which improves people's intestinal health. It also contributes towards the prevention of colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and weight control. The purpose of this study is to prepare and evaluate a milk dessert added with fiber from residues resulting from orange pulp separation. Orange fiber is selected as a raw material to prepare desserts because orange is a good source of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber and besides in the sensorial characterization made by trained judges, it was found that this fiber has odor and aroma of the fruit -the orange- and pleasant textural mouth characteristics. Proximal analysis shows that orange fiber has 59.1 % of total dietary fiber, and the soluble fraction is 27.5 %, with a good content of iron, phosphorus, and other nutrients, except for raw grease. From the technological point of view, it is feasible to incorporate until 5.0 % of orange fiber in the milk dessert, which presents 2.1 % of milk fat, 7.3 of milk solids, and a 25.3 % of total solids. The taste profile shows that the dessert with orange fiber has a medium sensorial quality. Taste describers of this product are: orange, citric, sour, sweet, cooked, and with a residual bitter flavor. Texture describers perceived are: humid, soft, masticable, and fibrous. This new food contributes with its own nutrients and with an additional quantity of fibers which make it a healthy food and are a pleasant, simple, and economic alternative, so people can increase their daily intake of dietary fiber. Besides, through the use of residues in orange transformation, environmental pollution can be decreased.

RESUMO

The microbial protein production on passion fruit peel shell as an animal protein supplement production is an alternative found out to avoid the large wastage of agri-industrial residues. Through the desorption isotherms of passion fruit peel, it is verified that for the microorganism growth by solid-state fermentation on this residue, the initial moisture content condition should be above 55% (wet basis). The ideal moisture content range for residue storage is around 5.3% (wet basis).

A produção de proteínas microbianas sobre a casca de maracujá visando à produção de suplemento protéico para animais é uma alternativa encontrada para o grande desperdício desse resíduo agroindustrial. Através das isotermas de dessorção da casca do maracujá, foi verificado que as condições de umidade inicial para o crescimento de microrganismos neste resíduo por meio da fermentação semi-sólida deverá ser acima de 55% (base úmida) e a faixa de umidade ideal para o armazenamento do resíduo em torno de 5,3% (base úmida).

RESUMO

The microbial protein production on passion fruit peel shell as an animal protein supplement production is an alternative found out to avoid the large wastage of agri-industrial residues. Through the desorption isotherms of passion fruit peel, it is verified that for the microorganism growth by solid-state fermentation on this residue, the initial moisture content condition should be above 55% (wet basis). The ideal moisture content range for residue storage is around 5.3% (wet basis).

A produção de proteínas microbianas sobre a casca de maracujá visando à produção de suplemento protéico para animais é uma alternativa encontrada para o grande desperdício desse resíduo agroindustrial. Através das isotermas de dessorção da casca do maracujá, foi verificado que as condições de umidade inicial para o crescimento de microrganismos neste resíduo por meio da fermentação semi-sólida deverá ser acima de 55% (base úmida) e a faixa de umidade ideal para o armazenamento do resíduo em torno de 5,3% (base úmida).